Method for green and efficient extraction of functional components in spina date seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for green and efficient extraction of functional components in spina date seeds. The method comprises the following steps: crushing spina date seeds, removing seed coats and endosperm, deoiling cotyledons with petroleum ether, performing low-temperature water extraction on peeled and deoiled spina date seed powder, filtering and clarifying extract liquid with a hollow fiber membrane or a ceramic membrane, performing reverse osmosis concentration to remove most of water, and drying concentrated liquid to obtain the spina date seed extract highly enriched with functional components. In the extraction process, petroleum ether is used in the deoiling part, only water is used in the other steps, no solvent with obvious toxicity and pollution is used in the whole extraction method, the method has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, simple process, low cost, good extraction effect and the like, and the obtained extract is green and safe, can be directly used in the fields of medicines, foods and the like, and has wide application prospects. And by-products such as seed coats and endosperm of spina date seeds, extracted spina date seed oil and spina date seed starch and protein settled at the bottom after extraction can be further utilized and developed, so that more additional values are created for enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a green and efficient method for extracting functional components from Chinese jujube seeds. The method has simple production process, high extraction rate of functional components, good water resolubility of Chinese jujube seed extract, good practical value and belongs to the field of functional food. Background Art

[0002] In today's rapidly developing society, people are under various pressures and are under high mental stress. The resulting insomnia and anxiety problems are gradually bothering more and more people. However, long-term use of Western medicine to treat insomnia and anxiety can have side effects such as drug dependence, drug resistance, and impaired cognitive function. Chinese jujube seed is one of the first Chinese medicinal materials included in the catalogue of medicine and food. It has no toxic side effects when taken for a long time. Chinese jujube seed has a long history of being used to treat insomnia, and its clinical effect has been widely verified. It is a commonly used drug in traditional Chinese medicine to treat insomnia and anxiety.

[0003] Ziziphus jujuba Ziziphus jujuba The dried and mature seeds of Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex HF Chou are mainly produced in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Gansu and other places. Current studies have shown that the main effective ingredients of jujube seeds for treating insomnia and anxiety are jujube seed saponins and flavonoid components, and the current extraction process of jujube seeds is mainly to extract jujube seed saponins, and the extraction method mostly uses organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, n-butanol, etc. for extraction. For example, patent document number CN105779116A discloses a method for extracting jujube seed saponins by heating and refluxing with 60-70% ethanol, patent document number CN202110525950 discloses a method for extracting jujube seed saponins by heating and refluxing with 70-85% ethanol, and patent document number CN103272018A discloses a method for extracting jujube seed saponins by heating and refluxing with 70% ethanol and using n-butanol. There are also a small number of methods that use water as a solvent to extract jujube saponins. For example, patent document number CN101322758A discloses a method for extracting jujube saponins using a composite enzyme, and patent document number CN107412371A discloses a method for extracting jujube saponins using grinding and high-pressure homogenization.

[0004] At present, the method of extracting jujube seed saponin with organic solvent mostly needs heating reflux, and after extraction, it also needs vacuum rotary evaporation to concentrate. This method consumes energy in the production process, and the large-scale use of organic solvents is also easy to pollute the environment, increasing safety risks. In addition, the use of organic solvents to extract also makes it difficult to extract the polysaccharides and protein polypeptide components in the jujube seed, which also affects the application potential of the jujube seed extract in the field of functional foods. And in the method of extracting the effective components of the jujube seed with water as a solvent, the decoction method has a too high yield, up to more than 30%, the enrichment effect of the effective components is poor, and the extraction effect is not good. The extraction yield using the composite enzyme method is also more than 30%, and the composite enzyme used is easy to hydrolyze jujube seed saponin A into jujube seed saponin B, which affects the quality evaluation of the extract. The grinding and high-pressure homogenization extraction methods have complex processes, more equipment used, and too high production costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention discloses a green and efficient method for extracting effective components from Chinese jujube seeds. The present invention is characterized in that the Chinese jujube seeds are pretreated, the seed coat and endosperm are removed, and the extraction is performed under low temperature conditions using water as a solvent. The method has the advantages of safety and pollution-free, good extraction effect, simple production process, good water solubility of the product, and high edible safety. The specific extraction method comprises the following steps: (1) The raw material of Chinese jujube kernel is coarsely crushed by a pulverizer to the extent that the Chinese jujube kernel is broken, the seed coat, the endosperm and the cotyledon are separated, and the cotyledon is not damaged or slightly damaged, and the seed coat and the endosperm of the broken Chinese jujube kernel are removed by air separation to obtain dehulled Chinese jujube kernel; (2) The peeled Chinese jujube kernels are crushed again and passed through a 34-mesh sieve, and de-oiled with petroleum ether (60-90°C). The petroleum ether is evaporated from the de-oiled Chinese jujube kernels by a hot reflux method, an extraction method, a percolation method, or a Soxhlet extraction method to obtain peeled and de-oiled Chinese jujube kernel powder; (3) Add an appropriate amount of clean water to the peeled and de-oiled Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, stir thoroughly, and then extract at low temperature (2-15°C). The extraction method can be immersion or percolation. The extract is filtered through a ceramic membrane or a hollow fiber membrane to obtain a clear liquid. The clear liquid is concentrated through a reverse osmosis membrane. The concentration pressure is 0.5-35 MPa. The mass volume ratio concentration of the concentrate is 40-150 mg / mL. The pure water produced by the reverse osmosis membrane concentration can be reused in the extraction process. The concentrate is dried by vacuum freeze drying or spray drying to obtain the Ziziphus jujuba seed active ingredient extract.

[0006] The advantages and technical effects of the present invention are as follows: The invention discloses a method for extracting effective components from Chinese jujube seeds, wherein the seed coat and endosperm containing no effective components, Chinese jujube saponin A, B and spinosin are removed, and then the oil removal process is performed by petroleum ether, which not only significantly improves the enrichment effect of the effective components of Chinese jujube seeds, but also reduces the subsequent processing volume by nearly 50%. At the same time, the Chinese jujube seed coat and endosperm can also extract pentacyclic triterpenoid components such as Chinese jujube seed alkaloids, betulinic acid and maltose acid. The Chinese jujube seed oil obtained by defatting the Chinese jujube seeds can be further developed into products such as Chinese jujube seed oil soft capsules, which greatly improves the utilization value of the Chinese jujube seeds. The extraction is carried out under low temperature conditions, which can accelerate the sedimentation of starch, protein and particulate matter, reduce the dissolution of impurity polysaccharides, and reduce the burden of subsequent filtration. During the low-temperature leaching process of Chinese jujube seed powder, the acid sedimented at the bottom The jujube kernel starch and protein are not subjected to gelatinization and denaturation because they are not subjected to heating extraction, and can also be collected for further development and utilization. In the extraction process of the present invention, except for the degreasing step in which petroleum ether (a common extraction solvent for edible oil) is used, only water is used in the remaining steps, and the pure water produced by the reverse osmosis membrane concentration can also be reused in the low-temperature extraction process of the water. The entire extraction process uses less water, has no obviously toxic and polluting solvents, and is safe and environmentally friendly. The production equipment is simple, the process is concise, the cost is low, and the extraction effect is good. The content of the effective ingredients jujube kernel saponin A, B and spinosin in the extract is increased by about 10 times, and the enrichment degree is suitable for application in the field of functional foods. It can also be further purified on this basis and applied in the field of medicine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 This is the liquid chromatogram of jujube saponin A and B in the seed coat, endosperm, cotyledon and whole jujube kernel.

[0008] Figure 2 It is a comparison chart of the extraction rates of the effective ingredients jujuboside A, B and spinosaponin obtained by the embodiment and different extraction methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] In order to more clearly understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents described in the examples.

[0010] The present invention analyzes the mass proportion of the three parts of the seed coat, endosperm and cotyledon of the Chinese jujube kernel and the distribution of jujube kernel saponins (jujube kernel saponin A, jujube kernel saponin B) and flavonoids (spinoside) in the three parts. The seed coat accounts for 18.83% of the first-class Chinese jujube kernel, the endosperm accounts for 25.69%, and the cotyledon accounts for 55.47%. The seed coat accounts for 25.89%, the endosperm accounts for 24.17%, and the cotyledon accounts for 49.94% of the standard Chinese jujube kernel. High performance liquid chromatography analysis shows that jujube kernel saponin A, jujube kernel saponin B and spinoside do not exist in the seed coat and endosperm of the Chinese jujube kernel, and the three are mainly present in the cotyledon, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 1LCMS-IT-TOF analysis obtained similar results, showing that jujuboside A, jujuboside B and spinosin were only present in cotyledons, while pentacyclic triterpenoid components such as jujuboside alkaloids, betulinic acid and maltose acid were mainly present in the seed coat and endosperm. Based on the above research, the present invention removes the seed coat and endosperm, and the subsequent material processing volume is reduced by nearly 50%, and the effective components are not lost. Example 1

[0011] (1) Weigh 2 kg of raw material of Chinese jujube kernels and use a grinder to perform low-speed coarse crushing. The crushing degree is that the Chinese jujube kernels are broken, the seed coat, endosperm and cotyledon are separated, and the cotyledon is not damaged or slightly damaged. The seed coat and endosperm of the broken Chinese jujube kernels are removed by a homemade air separation device. A total of 513.8 g are removed, accounting for about 25.69% of the total mass of the Chinese jujube kernels, and 1486.2 g of peeled Chinese jujube kernel particles are obtained; (2) The processed jujube kernel particles were heated in a microwave at medium-low heat for 3 min to destroy the cell structure of the jujube kernel and improve the extraction rate of jujube kernel oil and effective components. The thickness of the jujube kernel particles should be less than 5 mm when heated. After cooling, they were crushed and passed through a 34-mesh sieve. After that, the jujube kernel powder was packed in a filter paper bag and de-oiled by Soxhlet extraction by adding 4 times the mass of petroleum ether (60-90℃) at 80℃ and refluxed for 8 h. The petroleum ether was evaporated from the de-oiled jujube kernel powder to obtain 972.57 g of de-oiled jujube kernel powder. (3) Weigh 100.0 g of the dried peeled and de-oiled Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, add 20 times the amount of clean water, stir thoroughly, and let it stand for 3 h at 4°C. Extract the supernatant as the first extract, and store the extract at 2-15°C. Repeat this process to obtain the second and third extracts. The three extracts are passed through a 0.1 μm ceramic filter membrane in order of concentration at a filtration pressure of 0.4 MPa. Finally, the ceramic filter membrane is rinsed with 1000 mL of clean water to flush out the retained components. The resulting filtrate is about 6.8 L in total. The filtered extract is concentrated using a 150 G reverse osmosis membrane at a concentration pressure of 0.6 MPa for about 0.5 h. The volume of the concentrate is about 400 mL. The concentrate is concentrated to a drug-liquid ratio of about 1:2. The concentrate is then vacuum freeze-dried to obtain 19.38 g of Ziziphus jujuba seed active ingredient extract. Example 2

[0012] (1) Weigh 2 kg of raw material of Chinese jujube kernels and use a grinder to perform low-speed coarse crushing. The crushing degree is that the Chinese jujube kernels are broken, and the seed coat, endosperm and cotyledon are separated. The cotyledon is not damaged or slightly damaged. The seed coat and endosperm of the broken Chinese jujube kernels are removed by a homemade air separation device. A total of 553 g are removed, accounting for about 27.65% of the total mass of the Chinese jujube kernels, and 1447 g of peeled Chinese jujube kernel particles are obtained; (2) The processed jujube kernel particles were heated in a microwave at medium-low heat for 3 min to destroy the cell structure of the jujube kernel and improve the extraction rate of jujube kernel oil and effective components. The thickness of the jujube kernel particles should be less than 5 mm when heated. After cooling, they were crushed and passed through a 34-mesh sieve. After that, the jujube kernel powder was packed in a filter paper bag and de-oiled by Soxhlet extraction with 4 times the mass of petroleum ether (60-90°C) at 80°C for 8 h. The petroleum ether was evaporated from the de-oiled jujube kernel powder to obtain 930.86 g of de-oiled jujube kernel powder. (3) Weigh 100.0 g of the dried de-oiled Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, add 15 times the amount of clean water, stir thoroughly, and let it stand for 3 h at 6 °C. Extract the supernatant as the first extract. Let the extract stand for storage at 2-8 °C. Repeat this process to obtain the second and third extracts. The three extracts are passed through a 0.1 μm ceramic filter membrane in order of concentration at a filtration pressure of 0.5 MPa. Finally, the ceramic filter membrane is rinsed with 1000 mL of clean water to flush out the retained components. The resulting filtrate is about 5.3 L in total. The filtered extract is concentrated using a 150 G reverse osmosis membrane at a concentration pressure of 0.6 MPa for about 0.4 h. The volume of the concentrate is about 400 mL. The concentrate is concentrated to a drug-liquid ratio of about 1:2. The concentrate is then freeze-dried in vacuo to obtain 19.22 g of Ziziphus jujuba seed active ingredient extract. Example 3

[0013] (1) Weigh 2 kg of raw material of Chinese jujube kernel, remove the filter screen from the grinder and perform coarse crushing, repeat the crushing process three times, until the degree of crushing reaches the requirement that the Chinese jujube kernel is broken, the seed coat, endosperm and cotyledon are separated, and the cotyledon is not damaged or slightly damaged, and the seed coat and endosperm of the crushed Chinese jujube kernel are removed by a homemade air separation device, and a total of 585 g are removed, accounting for about 29.25% of the total mass of the Chinese jujube kernel, to obtain 1415 g of peeled Chinese jujube kernel particles; (2) The processed jujube kernel particles were heated in a microwave at medium-low heat for 3 min to destroy the cell structure of the jujube kernel and improve the extraction rate of jujube kernel oil and effective components. The thickness of the jujube kernel particles should be less than 5 mm when heated. After cooling, they were crushed and passed through a 34-mesh sieve. After that, the jujube kernel powder was packed in a filter paper bag and de-oiled by Soxhlet extraction with 4 times the mass of petroleum ether (60-90°C) at 80°C for 8 h. The petroleum ether was evaporated from the de-oiled jujube kernel powder to obtain 910.27 g of de-oiled jujube kernel powder. (3) Weigh 100.0 g of the dried de-oiled Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, add 20 times the amount of clean water, stir thoroughly, and let it stand for 2 h at 6 °C. Extract the supernatant as the first extract, and store the extract at 2-15 °C. Repeat this process to obtain the second and third extracts. The three extracts are passed through a 0.1 μm ceramic filter membrane in order of concentration, with a filtration pressure of 0.5 MPa. Finally, the ceramic filter membrane is rinsed with 1000 mL of clean water to flush out the retained components. The resulting filtrate is about 6.8 L in total. The filtered extract is concentrated using a 150 G reverse osmosis membrane at a concentration pressure of 0.6 MPa for about 0.5 h. The volume of the concentrate is about 400 mL. The concentrate is concentrated to a drug-liquid ratio of about 1:2. The concentrate is then vacuum freeze-dried to obtain 19.63 g of Ziziphus jujuba seed active ingredient extract.

[0014] Comparative Example 1 (decoction method): Take 20.0 g of the dried peeled and deoiled Ziziphus jujuba seed powder obtained in step (2) of Example 1, add 300 mL of water and boil for about 30 min, pour out the decoction and filter it with 300 mesh gauze, store the filtrate in a refrigerator, repeat this process to obtain the second and third decoctions, combine the three decoctions, centrifuge at 5°C, 6500 rpm for 10 min, pour out the supernatant, concentrate it by vacuum rotary evaporation at 60°C to about 200 mL, and then perform vacuum freeze-drying to obtain 6.58 g of Ziziphus jujuba seed decoction extract.

[0015] Comparative Example 2 (enzymatic hydrolysis): Take 20.0 g of the dried peeled and deoiled Chinese jujube seed powder obtained in step (2) of Example 1, add cellulase and pectinase equivalent to 30 U / g of crude drug, the cellulase activity is 11000 U / g, and the pectinase activity is 4500 U / g, then add about 400 mL of purified water, heat in a water bath at 55°C for enzymolysis for 5 h, coarsely filter the enzymatic solution with 300 mesh gauze, add about 250 mL of purified water to the filter residue for rinsing and coarse filtration, repeat the rinsing process twice, combine the three coarse filtrates and centrifuge at 5°C, 6500 rpm for 10 min, then pour out the supernatant, vacuum evaporation concentrate to about 200 mL at 60°C, and then vacuum freeze-dry to obtain 6.16 g of Chinese jujube seed effective component extract.

[0016] Comparative Example 3 (ultrasonic method): Take 20.0 g of the dried peeled and deoiled Chinese jujube seed powder obtained in step (2) of Example 1, add 300 mL of pure water, and perform ultrasound at 100 W power for 30 min. The Chinese jujube seed ultrasonic extract is coarsely filtered with 300 mesh gauze, and then this process is repeated to obtain the second and third ultrasonic extracts. The three ultrasonic extracts are combined and centrifuged at 5°C and 6500 rpm for 10 min. The supernatant is then poured out, and the extract is vacuum evaporated to about 200 mL at 60°C and then vacuum freeze-dried to obtain 3.97 g of Chinese jujube seed effective component extract.

[0017] The present invention compares the extraction rates of the effective components jujube saponin A, B and spinosin obtained by different extraction methods of jujube seeds. The results show that the extraction rates of the effective components obtained by the method of the present invention are significantly higher than those obtained by decoction, enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasonic methods. Figure 2 shown.

[0018] The detection method and detection results of jujuboside A, B and spinosin of the present invention are as follows: (1) Chromatographic conditions Chromatographic column: Agilent 5 HC-C18 column (250×4.6mm), mobile phase: acetonitrile (A)-water (B), running time of jujube saponin A and B was 35min, isocratic elution, volume ratio was 34%A:66%B, flow rate: 1.0 mL•min -1 , detection wavelength: 204 nm, column temperature: 35 °C, injection volume: 10 μL; spinosin running time was 35 min, gradient elution, 0-20 min, 15% A-20% A, 20-30 min, 20% A-80% A, 30-35 min, 90% A-15% A, flow rate: 1.0 mL•min -1 , detection wavelength: 335nm, column temperature: 30℃, injection volume: 10μL; (2) Preparation of reference solution Take appropriate amount of jujuboside A, jujuboside B and spinosin reference substances, accurately weigh them, put them in a 10 mL volumetric flask, dissolve them with methanol to the scale to prepare single reference substance solutions with mass concentrations of 0.47 mg / mL, 0.35 mg / mL and 0.31 mg / mL, respectively. Take the same volume of jujuboside A and jujuboside B and mix them to prepare mixed reference substance solutions of jujuboside A and B with mass concentrations of 0.235 mg / mL and 0.175 mg / mL, respectively. Pass the reference substance solutions through 0.22 μm microporous filter membranes, and take the filtrate to obtain; (3) Preparation of test solution Ziziphus jujuba seed raw material solution: Take an appropriate amount of Ziziphus jujuba seed raw material, crush it (pass through a 60-mesh sieve), accurately weigh 2.0g of Ziziphus jujuba seed powder, put the Ziziphus jujuba seed powder in a filter paper bag, use Soxhlet extraction method to add an appropriate amount of petroleum ether (60-90℃), heat and reflux at 80℃ for 8h to deoil, dry the deoiled Ziziphus jujuba seed powder in an oven at 60-70℃ for 12h, then transfer the defatted Ziziphus jujuba seed powder to a round-bottom flask, add 40 mL of 70% ethanol, heat and reflux at 80℃ for 2h, filter, rinse the filter residue with 10 mL70% ethanol, combine the filtrate and washing liquid, spin dry on a rotary evaporator, add an appropriate amount of methanol to dissolve and transfer to a 10 mL volumetric flask, add methanol to the scale line, shake well, extract an appropriate amount of sample solution to pass through a 0.22μm microporous filter membrane, and take the filtrate to obtain; The extract solutions of the Chinese jujube seeds obtained in the examples and different extraction methods: accurately weigh appropriate amounts of the Chinese jujube seeds extracts obtained in the examples and different extraction methods, respectively, add 3 mL of methanol, perform ultrasonic treatment to promote dissolution, extract appropriate amounts of the sample solution and filter through a 0.22 μm microporous filter membrane, and take the filtrate to obtain; (4) Investigation of linear relationship Accurately pipette 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, and 20 μL of the mixed reference solution of jujube saponin A and B, and perform the test under the above chromatographic conditions. Perform a linear regression on the chromatographic peak area with mass. The regression equations are Y=248949x-39505, R 2 =0.9995; Y=290123x-34911, R 2 =0.9991, accurately pipette 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 20 μL of the spinosum reference solution, and perform the test under the above chromatographic conditions. Perform a linear regression on the chromatographic peak area with mass. The regression equation is Y=2×106x-260824, R 2 =0.9996. The results showed that jujuboside A, jujuboside B and spinosin had good linear relationships in the ranges of 0.235~4.70μg, 0.175~3.50μg and 0.31~6.20μg, respectively; (5) Test results The content of jujuboside A in the raw material of jujube seeds is 0.0554%, the content of jujuboside B is 0.0229%, and the content of spinoside is 0.0977%. The yield of the extracts obtained in Examples 1, 2, and 3 is about 19%, the total extraction rate of jujuboside A and jujuboside B is about 94%, the extraction rate of spinoside is about 90%, the content of jujuboside A is increased by about 9 times, the content of jujuboside B is increased by about 14 times, and the content of spinoside is increased by about 10 times; The extraction rate of the decoction method was 32.88%, the total extraction rate of jujuboside A and jujuboside B was 34.84%, the extraction rate of spinosin was about 47.03%, the content of jujuboside A and jujuboside B increased by about 2 times, and the content of spinosin increased by about 3 times; The extract yield obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis was 30.79%, the total extraction rate of jujuboside A and jujuboside B was 67.13%, the extraction rate of spinosaponin was about 81.98%, the content of jujuboside A increased by about 2 times, the content of jujuboside B increased by about 10 times, and the content of spinosaponin increased by about 6 times; The extract yield obtained by ultrasonic method was 19.83%, the total extraction rate of jujuboside A and jujuboside B was 64.88%, the extraction rate of spinoside was about 71.64%, the content of jujuboside A increased by about 5 times, the content of jujuboside B increased by about 12 times, and the content of spinoside increased by about 8 times.

[0019] Comprehensive comparison shows that the extraction rate of jujuboside A, B and spinosaponin in the extract obtained by the embodiment group of the present invention can reach more than 90%, and the content enhancement multiple is also the best. The extraction effect is best in the extraction method using water as solvent, which can meet the application requirements in the field of functional foods.

[0020] The present invention and its implementation modes are described above. Such description is not restrictive to the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement modes and shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green and efficient method for extracting the functional components from Ziziphus jujuba seeds, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) crushing the raw material of Chinese jujube kernels, removing the seed coat and endosperm by air separation, and obtaining dehulled Chinese jujube kernels; (2) The peeled Chinese jujube seeds are crushed and passed through a 34-mesh sieve, and the oil is removed with petroleum ether. The petroleum ether is evaporated from the residue to obtain peeled and de-oiled Chinese jujube seeds powder; (3) Peeling and de-oiling Chinese jujube seed powder, extracting with water at low temperature, filtering the extract through a membrane to obtain a clear solution, concentrating the clear solution through a reverse osmosis membrane, and drying the concentrated solution to obtain the Chinese jujube seed effective component extract.

2. A green and efficient method for extracting effective components from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the water solution is extracted at low temperature, the temperature is 2-15°C, and the extraction method is intermittent, such as immersion method, or continuous, such as percolation method.

3. A green and efficient method for extracting effective components from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the extract is filtered through a membrane to obtain a clear solution, and the filtration membrane is a microfiltration membrane such as a ceramic filter membrane, or an ultrafiltration membrane such as a hollow fiber membrane.

4. The method for extracting the effective components from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae in a green and efficient manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the reverse osmosis membrane concentration has a pressure range of 0.5-35 MPa, and the mass volume ratio of the concentrate is 40-150 mg / mL. Depending on the equipment conditions, a higher reverse osmosis concentration pressure, such as 60 MPa, can also be used.

5. The method for extracting the effective components from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae in a green and efficient manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrated liquid in step (3) is dried by freeze drying, spray drying, vacuum constant temperature drying, microwave drying, etc.

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