Universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device and groove grinding method

Abstract

The invention relates to a universal mandrel groove grinding device, in particular to a universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device and a groove grinding method, and aims at solving the technical problems that when an existing clamp is used for grinding sliding grooves of a universal mandrel, it is difficult to guarantee that the included angle between the groove and the central axis of the mandrel meets the technical requirement, indexing of the three sliding grooves is inaccurate, and the repeated positioning precision is low. The device comprises a wedge-shaped bottom plate, and a first clamping mechanism, an indexing mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a second clamping mechanism which are arranged on the wedge-shaped bottom plate, the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are used for positioning the universal mandrel to be subjected to groove grinding from the two ends in the axial direction correspondingly. The supporting mechanism is used for supporting and fixing a universal mandrel of a to-be-ground groove; the indexing mechanism comprises a tooth aligning pin seat, a tooth aligning pin and an indexing ring; the tooth aligning pin is mounted on the tooth aligning pin seat, and positioning teeth are arranged at the top of the tooth aligning pin; a plurality of jackscrews are arranged on the indexing ring; a positioning groove is formed in the peripheral surface of the indexing ring; and the positioning teeth are matched with the positioning grooves so as to realize circumferential positioning of the universal mandrel to be subjected to groove grinding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a universal spindle groove grinding device, in particular to a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device and a groove grinding method. Background Art

[0002] The universal spindle is widely used in the inspection of gear parts. It has excellent repeatability and is convenient for users to quickly load and unload parts. With its wide scalability, the universal spindle can accommodate parts with a hole diameter of 6.35-177.80mm with only 12 spindles, and has broad application prospects in the manufacturing process of gear parts.

[0003] The bottleneck process of the universal mandrel manufacturing process is the mandrel groove grinding process, and the technical requirements are: the groove symmetry, parallelism and flatness are no more than 0.005mm, the angle between the groove and the center axis of the mandrel is 2.49°±30″, and the three grooves need to be evenly distributed. However, when using the existing fixture to grind the universal mandrel groove, it is difficult to ensure that the angle between the groove and the center axis of the mandrel meets the technical requirements, and there are problems such as inaccurate indexing of the three grooves and low repeat positioning accuracy.

[0004] The Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN217818431U discloses a device for detecting radial runout of the central axis of an electric spindle, including a base, three sets of positioning and fixing sliders are placed on the upper surface of the base and along the length direction of the base, wherein the middle position of the upper end of the vertical plate of two sets of positioning and fixing sliders is provided with V-shaped grooves at different heights from the base, and T-shaped positioning grooves are provided on the base, and the T-shaped positioning grooves are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis in the length direction of the base, and a T-shaped locking block is provided below the bottom end of the positioning and fixing slider and the position opposite to the T-shaped positioning groove, and is equipped with a set of auxiliary detection steel balls, a magnetic meter stand and a set of dial indicators. However, this utility model can only be used to measure the radial runout of shaft parts.

[0005] The Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN217818431U discloses a motor shaft grinding clamping device, including a front center installed at one end of the grinder headstock, a rear center installed at one end of the grinder tailstock, and also includes a first fork, a second fork, a compression spring and a drive sleeve; the first fork is eccentrically fixed to the output end of the grinder headstock motor along the axial direction; the drive sleeve is sleeved on the rod section of the front center; the second fork is fixedly connected to the outer wall surface of the drive sleeve and is arranged along the radial direction of the drive sleeve, and the end of the second fork is in vertical staggered contact with the end of the first fork; the compression spring is sleeved on the rod section of the front center, the rear end of the compression spring is pressed against the front end of the drive sleeve, and the front end of the compression spring is pressed against the end face of the front center mounting seat; the rear end of the drive sleeve is installed with multiple friction blocks along the circumferential direction, and the rear ends of the multiple friction blocks form friction contact with the large-diameter end face of the motor shaft. However, the use of this clamping device still cannot solve the problems of difficulty in ensuring that the angle between the groove and the center axis of the spindle meets the technical requirements when grinding the universal spindle groove, inaccurate indexing of the three slides, and low repeat positioning accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that when using the existing fixture to grind the universal spindle groove, it is difficult to ensure that the angle between the groove and the center axis of the spindle meets the technical requirements, and the three-position slide groove indexing is inaccurate and the repeat positioning accuracy is low. By providing a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device and groove grinding method.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device, which is special in that it includes a wedge-shaped base plate, and a first clamping mechanism, a dividing mechanism, a supporting mechanism, and a second clamping mechanism arranged thereon in sequence along the extending direction of the wedge-shaped base plate; the extending direction of the wedge-shaped base plate refers to the extending direction of the angle line of its wedge angle; the angle of the wedge-shaped base plate is the angle between the slide groove on the universal spindle to be ground and the central axis of the universal spindle; the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are used to position the universal spindle to be ground along the axial direction from both ends respectively; the supporting mechanism is used to support and fix the universal spindle to be ground The gear pin is mounted on the wedge-shaped bottom plate in a movably manner along the extending direction of the wedge-shaped bottom plate; the gear pin is mounted on the gear pin seat and can be adjusted up and down, and a positioning tooth is arranged on the top of the gear pin; a plurality of top screws are arranged on the indexing ring for fixing the indexing ring on the circumference of the universal spindle of the groove to be ground; the outer circumferential surface of the indexing ring is provided with positioning grooves corresponding to the number and circumferential position of the sliding grooves on the universal spindle of the groove to be ground; the positioning teeth cooperate with the positioning grooves to realize the circumferential positioning of the universal spindle of the groove to be ground.

[0009] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped base plate includes a wedge plate and a flat plate which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the angle of the wedge plate is the angle between the slide groove on the universal spindle of the groove to be ground and the central axis of the universal spindle; the first clamping mechanism, the tooth pin seat, the support mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are arranged in sequence on the flat plate along the extension direction of the wedge plate, and their positions on the flat plate can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate; the length direction of the flat plate is consistent with the extension direction of the wedge plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the supporting mechanism includes a supporting seat, a first clamping member, an intermediate supporting slider, a first spring and a supporting member; the supporting seat is mounted on a flat plate, and its position can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate; two arc-shaped arms bent inwardly are symmetrically arranged on the top of the supporting seat, and the opening between the two arc-shaped arms is larger than the diameter of the universal shaft of the groove to be ground; the two arc-shaped arms are respectively provided with fastening screws facing into the arc-shaped arms; a first groove is arranged at the center position of the top of the supporting seat; the first spring, the intermediate supporting slider and the supporting member are arranged in the first groove in sequence from bottom to top; the supporting member is arranged on the top of the intermediate supporting slider and extends out of the first groove; the supporting member and the two fastening screws constitute a three-point supporting structure for fixing the universal shaft of the groove to be ground; the intermediate supporting slider can move up and down relative to the first groove; the first clamping member is installed on the supporting seat, connected to one side of the intermediate supporting slider, and is used to clamp the intermediate supporting slider.

[0011] Furthermore, the first clamping mechanism includes a fixed top and a first top seat; the second clamping mechanism includes a movable top and a second top seat; the first top seat and the second top seat are both installed on a flat plate, and their positions can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate; the fixed top is fixedly installed on the first top seat, and its position can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate; the movable top is installed on the second top seat, and a second spring is arranged between the side away from the fixed top and the second top seat, so that the movable top can move along the length direction of the flat plate; a locking assembly is arranged on the second top seat, and the locking assembly is used to lock the movable top; the fixed top and the movable top are arranged oppositely and coaxially.

[0012] Furthermore, the dividing mechanism also includes a third spring and a second clamping piece; a second groove is arranged on the upper part of the tooth pin seat; the third spring and the tooth pin are arranged in the second groove in sequence from bottom to top; the positioning tooth extends upward from the second groove; the tooth pin can move up and down relative to the second groove; the second clamping piece is installed on the tooth pin seat, connected to one side of the tooth pin, and is used to clamp the tooth pin; a plurality of positioning grooves are evenly distributed around the axis of the dividing ring, and the extension direction of the positioning groove is parallel to the axis direction of the dividing ring.

[0013] Further, a third groove is provided on the top of the second top seat; the tail end of the movable top is connected to the first tailstock, the first tailstock is arranged in the third groove, the second spring is arranged in the third groove, and the second spring is located between the first tailstock away from the fixed top and the second top seat, so that the first tailstock can move along the length direction of the plate; the locking assembly includes a third clamping member, which is installed on the second top seat, and extends from the end of the third groove away from the fixed top to the third groove, and is used to assist in tightening the first tailstock; a fourth groove is provided on the top of the first top seat; the tail end of the fixed top is connected to the second tailstock, the second tailstock is arranged in the fourth groove, and can be adjusted along the length direction of the plate; a first upper baffle is installed on the top of the first top seat, and first shoulders are provided on both sides of the second tailstock, and the height of the first shoulder is slightly greater than the depth of the fourth groove, so that the lower surface of the first upper baffle is pressed against the first shoulder; a first side baffle is provided on each side of the first top seat at both ends of the fourth groove, and a fourth clamping member is connected to the first side baffle, and the inner end of the fourth clamping member extends into the fourth groove to clamp the second tailstock.

[0014] Furthermore, an inverted T-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the flat plate and passes through in the length direction; key grooves are provided at the bottom of the first top seat, the second top seat, the tooth pin seat and the support seat, and directional keys are installed in the key grooves, and the directional keys are slidably matched with the narrow part of the upper part of the inverted T-shaped groove; the bottoms of the first top seat, the second top seat, the tooth pin seat and the support seat are all installed on the inverted T-shaped groove by fasteners.

[0015] At the same time, the present invention also provides a universal spindle groove grinding method, which is based on the above-mentioned universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device, and its special feature is that it includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, first assemble the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device, then place the assembled universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device on a high-precision platform for debugging, and then place the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device on a surface grinder workbench for alignment;

[0017] Step 2, install the indexing ring on the outer circle of the universal spindle of the groove to be ground, do not lock the top screw on the indexing ring, then adjust the tooth pin to the lower end, and then pre-install the universal spindle with the indexing ring installed between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism;

[0018] Step 3: Adjust the tooth pin seat to move upward so that the positioning tooth is inserted into the positioning groove of the indexing ring;

[0019] Step 4: First, the universal mandrel of the groove to be ground is positioned securely by the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism, and then the sliding groove side of the universal mandrel of the groove to be ground is aligned to be parallel to the grinding wheel, and the tool is aligned. At the same time, the top screw on the indexing ring is locked, and the indexing ring and the universal mandrel of the groove to be ground are fixed securely, so that the indexing mechanism can accurately index the universal mandrel of the groove to be ground;

[0020] Step 5, clamp and position the universal spindle of the groove to be ground through the support mechanism;

[0021] Step 6: Grind the slide groove of the universal spindle according to the preset technical requirements. After the first slide groove is roughly ground, adjust the tooth pin to the lower end, release the clamping positioning of the universal spindle by the support mechanism, and then rotate the universal spindle to align the positioning tooth of the tooth pin with the second positioning groove of the indexing ring; repeat steps 3 and 5 to grind the second slide groove of the universal spindle, and so on to grind the remaining slide grooves of the universal spindle;

[0022] Step 7: After the rough grinding is completed, aging is performed, then semi-fine grinding, secondary aging, and finally fine grinding is performed to complete the grinding groove of the universal spindle.

[0023] Further, in step 1, assembling the universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device specifically comprises: assembling the universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device, wherein the wedge plate is not assembled temporarily, and using the universal mandrel to be grooved to adjust the relative positions between the first clamping mechanism, the second clamping mechanism, the indexing mechanism and the supporting mechanism;

[0024] In step 1, the assembled universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device is placed on a high-precision platform for debugging. Specifically, step a, the assembled universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device is placed on a high-precision platform for debugging, the universal mandrel to be grooved is clamped, and the coaxiality of the fixed center and the movable center is not greater than 0.002mm by detecting the outer circle generatrix of the universal mandrel to be grooved, and the parallelism of the central axis of the universal mandrel to be grooved to the plate is not greater than 0.003mm; step b, after completing step a, the parallelism of the central axis of the universal mandrel to be grooved to the side of the plate is not greater than 0.003mm by detecting the outer circle generatrix of the universal mandrel to be grooved; step c, the wedge plate is connected to the plate, and the parallelism of the side of the wedge plate with the side of the plate is not greater than 0.003mm;

[0025] In step 1, the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device is placed on the workbench of the surface grinder for alignment. Specifically, the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device is placed on the workbench of the surface grinder, and the parallelism between the side surface of the wedge plate and the X-axis of the machine tool is not greater than 0.003 mm;

[0026] In step 2, while adjusting the tooth pin to the lower end, the intermediate support slider is also adjusted to the lower end, and then the first pressing member and the second pressing member are locked respectively;

[0027] In step 2, pre-installing the universal spindle with the graduated ring installed between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism is specifically as follows: installing the universal spindle with the graduated ring installed between the fixed center and the movable center;

[0028] Step 3 is specifically as follows: loosen the second pressing member, apply an upward force to the tooth pin through the third spring, insert the positioning tooth into the positioning groove of the indexing ring, and then tighten the second pressing member to fix the tooth pin, thereby ensuring the relative position of the tooth pin and the indexing ring;

[0029] In step 4, the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are used to securely position the universal spindle for the groove to be ground. Specifically, the third clamping member located on the side of the first tailstock away from the fixed center is tightened, so that the end surface of the third clamping member is auxiliary pressed against the first tailstock, so that the fixed center and the movable center pass through the center hole of the universal spindle for the groove to be ground to securely position the universal spindle for the groove to be ground;

[0030] Step 5 is specifically as follows: loosen the first clamping member, apply an upward force to the middle support slider through the first spring, so that it applies a floating upward force to the universal spindle of the groove to be ground, and then tighten the first clamping member to fix the middle support slider firmly, and finally lock the fastening screws on the support seat, so as to achieve the clamping and positioning of the universal spindle of the groove to be ground;

[0031] In step 6, the tooth pin is adjusted to the lower end, and the clamping positioning of the universal spindle by the support mechanism is released, specifically: loosen the first clamping member and the second clamping member, pull the first clamping member and the second clamping member downward, make the tooth pin and the middle support slider slide down, lock the first clamping member and the second clamping member, and loosen the fastening screws on the support seat at the same time;

[0032] In step 6, the remaining slide grooves of the universal spindle are ground by analogy, specifically: the third slide groove of the universal spindle is ground by analogy.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] 1. The universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention has a fixed center and a movable center clamping the universal mandrel through the center holes at both ends of the universal mandrel, which is convenient to clamp, does not require alignment, has high clamping accuracy, and has high repeated positioning accuracy, thus achieving stable and accurate positioning of the workpiece, and has strong operability and high clamping efficiency;

[0035] 2. The universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention is provided with a dividing mechanism according to the structural characteristics of the universal mandrel. The dividing ring can effectively solve the dividing problem and ensure the accurate dividing of the three sliding grooves on the universal mandrel.

[0036] 3. The universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention can avoid vibration or deformation of the workpiece during the processing by providing a support mechanism, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the processing;

[0037] 4. In the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention, the application of the directional key makes the positions of the first center seat, the second center seat, the tooth pin seat and the support seat on the flat plate adjustable, which can meet the processing requirements of universal spindles of different specifications;

[0038] 5. The universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention has a simple structure, strong processing technology, low manufacturing cost, strong applicability, and ensures that the groove symmetry, parallelism and flatness are not greater than 0.005mm, the angle is 2.49° consistent, and the three slide grooves are evenly distributed;

[0039] 6. The universal spindle groove grinding method of the present invention can ensure that the angle between the universal spindle groove and the universal spindle center axis meets the technical requirements, can ensure that the three grooves are evenly distributed, and ensure that the groove symmetry, parallelism and flatness are not greater than 0.005mm and other technical requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view at the middle BB;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wedge plate in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a wedge plate in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plate in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first center seat (second center seat) in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first upper baffle plate (second upper baffle plate) in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.10It is a structural schematic diagram of the first side baffle plate (third side baffle plate) in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixed top in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a movable top in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tooth pin seat in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dividing ring in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tooth pin in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0056] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of a support seat in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth side baffle plate (second side baffle plate) in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of an intermediate supporting slide block in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device of the present invention;

[0059] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0060] Fig.21 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a directional key in an embodiment of a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device.

[0061] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0062] 100-wedge-shaped base plate, 200-first clamping mechanism, 300-indexing mechanism, 400-support mechanism, 500-second clamping mechanism, 1-wedge-shaped plate, 2-flat plate, 3-first top seat, 301-fourth groove, 4-first side baffle, 5-first upper baffle, 6-fixed top, 601-second tailstock, 602-first shoulder, 7-pair of tooth pin seat, 701-second groove, 8-pair of tooth pins, 801-positioning teeth, 802-fourth threaded hole, 803-first blind hole, 9-indexing ring, 901-through hole, 902-positioning groove, 903-first threaded hole, 10-universal spindle, 101-slide, 11-support seat, 111-arc arm, 112-first groove, 113-third threaded hole, 12-fourth side baffle, 121- The first through slot, 13-the first clamping member, 14-the third clamping member, 15-the movable top, 151-the first tail stock, 152-the second blind hole, 153-the second shoulder, 16-the directional key, 17-the middle supporting slider, 171-the second threaded hole, 172-the fifth threaded hole, 173-the third blind hole, 18-the first spring, 19-the inverted T-shaped nut, 20-the second top seat, 201-the third groove, 21-the support member, 22-the third spring, 23-the second side baffle, 231-the second through slot, 24-the second clamping member, 25-the fourth clamping member, 26-the second upper baffle, 27-the third side baffle, 29-the keyway, 30-the auxiliary disassembly screw, 31-the inverted T-slot, 32-the fastening screw, 33-the first screw, 34-the U-shaped slot, 35-the second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to make the purpose, advantages and features of the present invention more clear, a universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device and a groove grinding method proposed by the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and "fifth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0066] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention discloses an adjustable universal spindle groove grinding device, comprising a wedge-shaped base plate 100, and a first clamping mechanism 200, a dividing mechanism 300, a supporting mechanism 400 and a second clamping mechanism 500 sequentially arranged thereon along the extending direction of the wedge-shaped base plate 100; the extending direction of the wedge-shaped base plate 100 refers to the extending direction of the angle line of its wedge angle; the angle of the wedge-shaped base plate 100 is the angle between the slide groove 101 on the universal spindle 10 to be grooved and the central axis of the universal spindle 10.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the wedge-shaped base plate 100 includes a wedge-shaped plate 1 and a flat plate 2 .

[0068] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the plate 2 is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the parallelism between the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate 2 is not greater than 0.002 mm; six countersunk holes are provided on the plate 2, and the axes of the six countersunk holes are perpendicular to the upper surface of the plate 2; an inverted T-shaped groove 31 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the plate 2 along its width direction and penetrates along its length direction, which is used for fixing and installing the first top seat 3, the second top seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 and the support seat 11. The length direction of the plate 2 is consistent with the extension direction of the wedge-shaped bottom plate 100.

[0069] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the flatness of the upper surface and the lower surface of the wedge plate 1 is not greater than 0.002mm; the thickness of the wedge plate 1 gradually decreases from one end to the other end along its extension direction, and the angle between the upper surface and the lower surface of the wedge plate 1 is equal to the angle between the slide groove 101 on the universal spindle 10 to be grinded and the central axis of the universal spindle 10, with a tolerance of ±30″; six threaded holes are arranged on the upper surface of the wedge plate 1, and the axes of the six threaded holes are perpendicular to the upper surface of the wedge plate 1; eight weight-reducing grooves are arranged at the bottom of the wedge plate 1 to reduce the weight of the wedge plate 1. The extension direction of the wedge plate 1 is consistent with the length direction of the flat plate 2.

[0070] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, six bolts pass through six countersunk holes on the flat plate 2 and are connected to six threaded holes on the wedge plate 1, thereby fixing the wedge plate 1 to the bottom of the flat plate 2. At this time, the lower surface of the flat plate 2 fits with the upper surface of the wedge plate 1, and the side surface on the flat plate 2 parallel to the length direction of the flat plate 2 and the side surface on the wedge plate 1 parallel to the extension direction of the wedge plate 1 are not more than 0.003mm parallel, and the thickness of the wedge plate 1 near the second clamping mechanism 500 is greater than the thickness of the wedge plate 1 near the first clamping mechanism 200.

[0071] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first top seat 3, the tooth pin seat 7, the support seat 11 and the second top seat 20 are arranged on the flat plate 2 in sequence along the extension direction of the wedge plate 1, and their positions on the flat plate 2 can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate 2, which can meet the processing requirements of universal spindles 10 of different specifications. The flatness of the bottom surfaces of the first top seat 3, the tooth pin seat 7, the support seat 11 and the second top seat 20 are not more than 0.003mm.

[0072] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.21 , the bottom of the first top seat 3, the second top seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 and the support seat 11 are all provided with a keyway 29, and a directional key 16 is installed in the keyway 29. The directional key 16 is provided with a pair of countersunk holes for being fixedly connected with the first top seat 3, the second top seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 or the support seat 11 by bolts; the upper part of the directional key 16 extends into the keyway 29, and the width of the directional key 16 is 0mm~0.005mm smaller than the width of the keyway 29 by a matching grinding method to ensure the positioning accuracy; the directional key 16 is slidably matched with the narrow part of the upper part of the inverted T-slot 31, and the width of the directional key 16 is 0mm~0.005mm smaller than the width of the narrow part of the upper part of the inverted T-slot 31, which is used for positioning the first top seat 3, the second top seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 and the support seat 11; the first top seat 3, the second top The bottom of the seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 and the support seat 11 are all installed on the inverted T-slot 31 through fasteners. A pair of U-shaped grooves 34 are respectively provided on the plate-like portion at the bottom of the first top seat 3, the second top seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 and the support seat 11, which are used to cooperate with the above-mentioned fasteners. The tooth pin seat 7 is taken as an example for specific description below. The fasteners are a pair of inverted T-shaped nuts 19 and a pair of first screws 33. The pair of inverted T-shaped nuts 19 are both arranged in the inverted T-slot 31, and the screw rods of the pair of first screws 33 pass through a pair of U-shaped grooves 34 and are connected to the pair of inverted T-shaped nuts 19 respectively. At this time, the lower surface of the head of the first screw 33 presses on the upper surface of the plate-like portion at the bottom of the tooth pin seat 7, and the shoulder surface of the inverted T-shaped nut 19 presses on the top wall at the wide lower part of the inverted T-slot 31, thereby fixing the tooth pin seat 7 on the flat plate 2.

[0073] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first clamping mechanism 200 includes a fixed top 6 and a first top seat 3, and the second clamping mechanism 500 includes a movable top 15 and a second top seat 20. The first top seat 3 and the second top seat 20 are both mounted on the flat plate 2. The fixed top 6 is mounted on the first top seat 3, and the movable top 15 is mounted on the second top seat 20. The distance between the top center of the fixed top 6 and the bottom surface of the first top seat 3 is equal to the distance between the top center of the movable top 15 and the bottom surface of the second top seat 20, and the error is not greater than 0.003mm. The fixed top 6 and the movable top 15 are arranged oppositely and coaxially. The fixed top 6 and the movable top 1 The universal mandrel 10 is positioned axially through the center holes at both ends of the universal mandrel 10, and the axes of the fixed center 6 and the movable center 15 are parallel to the upper surface of the plate 2, and the axis of the fixed center 6 is parallel to the length direction of the plate 2, so that after the universal mandrel 10 for the groove to be ground is installed between the fixed center 6 and the movable center 15, the angle between the central axis of the universal mandrel 10 for the groove to be ground and the lower surface of the wedge plate 1 is equal to the angle between the slide groove 101 on the universal mandrel 10 for the groove to be ground and the central axis of the universal mandrel 10, so that the slide groove 101 to be processed, which is located at the top in this state, on the universal mandrel 10 is parallel to the lower surface of the wedge plate 1. The front end of the fixed center 6 and the front end of the movable center 15 are both dome-shaped structures, and the roughness of the outer cone surface of the front end of the fixed center 6 and the outer cone surface of the front end of the movable center 15 are both Ra0.8, which can prevent surface scratches and have better coaxiality after clamping.

[0074] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11As shown, a fourth groove 301 is provided on the top of the first top seat 3, and the symmetry of the fourth groove 301 relative to the keyway 29 at the bottom of the first top seat 3 is not greater than 0.005mm, and the verticality of the two side surfaces of the fourth groove 301 relative to the bottom surface of the first top seat 3 is not greater than 0.005mm; the tail end of the fixed top 6 is connected to the second tail seat 601, and the cross-section of the second tail seat 601 perpendicular to the axis of the fixed top 6 is inverted T shape, and first shoulders 602 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the second tail seat 601, and the symmetry of the side surfaces of the two first shoulders 602 away from each other relative to the axis of the fixed top 6 is not greater than 0 .003mm, the second tailstock 601 is arranged in the fourth groove 301, and the distance between the sides of the two first shoulders 602 that are away from each other is 0mm~0.005mm smaller than the width of the fourth groove 301 by a matching grinding method; the first clamping mechanism 200 also includes a pair of first upper baffles 5, and the upper end surface of the first top seat 3 is provided with 6 threaded holes with a size of M8 for assembling a pair of first upper baffles 5, the first upper baffle 5 is in a rectangular shape, and the first upper baffle 5 is provided with 3 countersunk holes, and then the pair of first upper baffles 5 can be installed on the first top seat 3 by 6 bolts, The parallelism between the upper surface and the lower surface of an upper baffle plate 5 is not greater than 0.003mm. By means of matching grinding, the height of the first shoulder 602 is greater than the depth of the fourth groove 301 by 0.01mm, so that after the assembly is completed, the lower surfaces of a pair of first upper baffle plates 5 are respectively pressed against the corresponding first shoulders 602, and the first shoulders 602 can be pressed tightly to prevent the fixed top 6 from moving; the first clamping mechanism 200 also includes a pair of first side baffle plates 4, and the first top seat 3 is provided with four threaded holes of size M8 on both sides of the fourth groove 301 at both ends, which are used to assemble a pair of first side baffle plates 4, The first side baffle 4 is in a rectangular shape, and is provided with 4 countersunk holes, so that a pair of first side baffles 4 can be assembled on the first top seat 3 by 8 bolts; the first side baffle 4 is also provided with a threaded hole with a size of M8, on which a fourth clamping member 25 is installed, and the fourth clamping member 25 is a screw, and the screws of the pair of fourth clamping members 25 are both extended into the fourth groove 301, and the pair of fourth clamping members 25 are rotated respectively, so that the inner ends of the pair of fourth clamping members 25 are respectively pressed against the second tailstock 601, which can prevent the second tailstock 601 from moving along the axial direction of the fixed top 6. In addition, the position of the second tailstock 601 in the fourth groove 301 can be adjusted along the length direction of the plate 2, so as to meet the processing requirements of the universal spindle 10 of different specifications.

[0075] In other embodiments, the first side baffle 4 and the first top seat 3 can also be designed as an integrated structure. In other embodiments, the second tailstock 601 and the first top seat 3 can also be designed as an integrated structure. In other embodiments, other structures can also be used to fix the fixed top 6 on the first top seat 3.

[0076] like Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.12As shown, a third groove 201 is provided on the top of the second top seat 20, and the symmetry of the third groove 201 relative to the keyway 29 at the bottom of the second top seat 20 is not greater than 0.005mm, and the verticality of the two side surfaces of the third groove 201 relative to the bottom surface of the second top seat 20 is not greater than 0.005mm; the tail end of the movable top 15 is connected to the first tailstock 151, and the cross-section of the first tailstock 151 perpendicular to the axis of the movable top 15 is inverted T-shaped, and second shoulders 153 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the first tailstock 151, and the symmetry of the side surfaces of the two second shoulders 153 away from each other relative to the axis of the movable top 15 is not greater than 0.003mm, the first tailstock 151 is arranged in the third groove 201, and can be moved along the length direction of the plate 2, and the two tailstocks 151 are ground by matching. The distance between the mutually distant sides of the second shoulder 153 is 0mm to 0.005mm smaller than the width of the third groove 201, and the height of the second shoulder 153 is 0mm to 0.005mm smaller than the depth of the third groove 201; the second clamping mechanism 500 also includes a pair of second upper baffles 26, and the upper end surface of the second top seat 20 is provided with 6 threaded holes of size M8 for assembling the pair of second upper baffles 26, the second upper baffles 26 are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the second upper baffles 26 are provided with 3 countersunk holes, and then the pair of second upper baffles 26 can be installed on the second top seat 20 by 6 bolts, and the pair of second upper baffles 26 are respectively supported above the pair of second shoulders 153, and the parallelism between the upper surface and the lower surface of the second upper baffle 26 is not greater than 0.005mm; 4 threaded holes with a size of M8 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second top seat 20 and located at both ends of the third groove 201, for assembling a pair of third side baffles 27, the third side baffles 27 are in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and 4 countersunk holes are arranged on the third side baffles 27, and then the pair of third side baffles 27 can be assembled on the second top seat 20 by 8 bolts; the second clamping mechanism 500 also includes a second spring 35, an auxiliary disassembly screw 30 and a third clamping member 14, and a second blind hole 152 is arranged on the side of the first tailstock 151 away from the movable top 15, and one end of the second spring 35 extends into the second blind hole 152 and presses against the second blind hole 152 On the inner end surface, the other end of the second spring 35 is pressed against the third side baffle 27; a pair of third side baffles 27 are also each provided with a threaded hole with a size of M8, which is used to install the auxiliary disassembly screw 30 and the third clamping member 14 respectively. The auxiliary disassembly screw 30 is installed on the third side baffle 27 located on the side of the second top seat 20 close to the movable top 15, and the third clamping member 14 is a screw. The third clamping member 14 is installed on the third side baffle 27 located on the side of the second top seat 20 away from the movable top 15. The screw rods of the auxiliary disassembly screw 30 and the third clamping member 14 are both extended into the third groove 201, and the screw rod of the third clamping member 14 is inserted into the second spring 35 and extends The movable top 15 is inserted into the second blind hole 152; after the movable top 15 is pressed against the universal spindle 10 under the elastic force of the second spring 35, the third clamping piece 14 is screwed so that the end face of the screw of the third clamping piece 14 contacts the inner end face of the second blind hole 152, which can play an auxiliary tightening role and prevent the movable top 15 from moving along the central axis direction of the universal spindle 10 during the processing. It should be noted that after the movable top 15 is pressed against the universal spindle 10 under the elastic force of the second spring 35, the third clamping piece 14 is screwed so that the end face of the screw of the third clamping piece 14 contacts the inner end face of the second blind hole 152, and the third clamping piece 14 does not have any effect on the first tailstock 151 The larger clamping force, after completing the grinding of a slide groove 101, the universal spindle 10 can be rotated without screwing the third clamping member 14 to separate the end face of the screw of the third clamping member 14 from the inner end face of the second blind hole 152; when the universal spindle 10 is removed from between the fixed top 6 and the movable top 15, the auxiliary disassembly screw 30 can be screwed to make the auxiliary disassembly screw 30 overcome the elastic force of the second spring 35 to push the first tailstock 151, thereby driving the movable top 15 to move away from the fixed top 6 until the universal spindle 10 can be removed from between the fixed top 6 and the movable top 15. The setting of the auxiliary disassembly screw 30 facilitates the disassembly of the universal spindle 10.

[0077] In other embodiments, the third side baffle 27 and the second top seat 20 can also be designed as an integral structure. In other embodiments, other structures can also be used to lock the position of the first tailstock 151 on the second top seat 20.

[0078] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the indexing mechanism 300 includes a tooth pin seat 7 , a tooth pin 8 , a indexing ring 9 , a third spring 22 and a second pressing member 24 .

[0079] like Figure 3 , Fig.14 As shown, the indexing ring 9 is in the shape of a ring. By means of matching grinding, the diameter of the through hole 901 of the indexing ring 9 is 0 mm to 0.003 mm larger than the diameter of the universal mandrel 10 of the groove to be ground. A plurality of top screws are provided on the indexing ring 9 for fixing the indexing ring 9 on the circumference of the universal mandrel 10 of the groove to be ground. Specifically, three first threaded holes 903 connected to the through hole 901 are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the indexing ring 9. The size specification of the first threaded hole 903 is M4. Each first threaded hole 903 is M4. 03 is equipped with a top screw; the outer circumferential surface of the dividing ring 9 is provided with positioning grooves 902 which match the number and circumferential position of the sliding grooves 101 on the universal spindle 10 to be ground. Specifically, the outer circumferential surface of the dividing ring 9 has three positioning grooves 902, and the three positioning grooves 902 are evenly distributed around the axis of the dividing ring 9, and the extension direction of the positioning grooves 902 is parallel to the axial direction of the dividing ring 9, and the angle between the two side surfaces of the cross section of the positioning groove 902 perpendicular to the axis of the dividing ring 9 is 30°.

[0080] like Figure 3 and Fig.13 As shown, the tooth pin seat 7 is installed on the flat plate 2, and a second groove 701 is provided on the upper part of the tooth pin seat 7. The second groove 701 runs through the top surface and one side surface of the tooth pin seat 7. The symmetry of the second groove 701 relative to the keyway 29 at the bottom of the tooth pin seat 7 is not greater than 0.005 mm, and the verticality of the three side surfaces of the second groove 701 relative to the bottom surface of the tooth pin seat 7 is not greater than 0.005 mm.

[0081] like Figure 3 , Fig.13 , Fig.15 and Fig.16As shown, the tooth pin 8 is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the tooth pin 8 is arranged in the second groove 701. The tooth pin 8 can move up and down relative to the second groove 701. The width and length of the tooth pin 8 are ground with the second groove 701. The width of the tooth pin 8 is 0mm-0.005mm smaller than the width of the second groove 701, and the length of the tooth pin 8 is 0mm-0.005mm smaller than the length of the second groove 701. Preferably, the width of the tooth pin 8 is 0mm-0.003mm smaller than the width of the second groove 701, and the length of the tooth pin 8 is The length of the second groove 701 is less than 0mm to 0.003mm; a positioning tooth 801 is arranged at the middle of the top of the tooth pin 8 along its width direction, and the positioning tooth 801 extends upward from the second groove 701, and the angle between the two side surfaces of the cross section of the positioning tooth 801 perpendicular to the axis of the indexing ring 9 is 30°, the surface roughness of the positioning tooth 801 is Ra0.8, and the surface roughness of the side surface of the tooth pin 8 is Ra0.8; the positioning tooth 801 cooperates with the positioning groove 902 to realize the circumferential positioning of the universal mandrel 10 to be ground. The indexing mechanism 300 is set, and the indexing problem can be effectively solved through the indexing ring 9, ensuring the accurate indexing of the three slide grooves 101 on the universal mandrel 10.

[0082] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Fig.13 , Fig.16 , Fig.18 As shown, the second side baffle 23 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and one side of the opening of the second groove 701 on the tooth pin seat 7 is provided with four threaded holes with a size of M8 for assembling the second side baffle 23. The second side baffle 23 is provided with four countersunk holes, and the second side baffle 23 can be assembled on the tooth pin seat 7 by four bolts. The parallelism between the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the second side baffle 23 is not greater than 0.005mm; a side of the tooth pin 8 adjacent to the second side baffle 23 is provided with a size of M8 The fourth threaded hole 802, the axis of the fourth threaded hole 802 extends along the length direction of the tooth pin 8, the second clamping member 24 includes a second screw and a first wing nut, one end of the second screw is connected to the fourth threaded hole 802, the other end of the second screw passes through the second through groove 231 on the second side baffle 23 and is threadedly connected to the first wing nut, the second through groove 231 plays a limiting role, after the positioning tooth 801 is inserted into the positioning groove 902, tightening the first wing nut can prevent the tooth pin 8 from sliding down.

[0083] A first blind hole 803 is provided at the bottom end of the tooth pin 8, the upper end of the third spring 22 extends into the first blind hole 803 and abuts against the upper end surface of the first blind hole 803, and the lower end of the third spring 22 abuts against the lower end surface of the second groove 701. After loosening the first wing nut, the third spring 22 will give an upward force to the tooth pin 8, so that the positioning tooth 801 is inserted into the positioning groove 902.

[0084] In other embodiments, the tooth pin seat 7 and the second side baffle 23 can also be designed as an integral structure. In other embodiments, other structures can also be used to realize that the tooth pin 8 is installed on the tooth pin seat 7 and can be adjusted up and down.

[0085] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Fig.17 , Fig.19 and Fig. 20 As shown, the support mechanism 400 includes a support seat 11, an intermediate support slider 17 and a support member 21. The support seat 11 is installed on the flat plate 2, and the intermediate support slider 17 is installed on the support seat 11 and can be adjusted up and down; a first groove 112 is provided at the center position of the top of the support seat 11, and the first groove 112 passes through the top surface and one side surface of the support seat 11. The intermediate support slider 17 is in a rectangular shape, and the intermediate support slider 17 is arranged in the first groove 112, and the intermediate support slider 17 can move up and down relative to the first groove 112. The width and length of the intermediate support slider 17 are matched with the first groove 112, and the width of the intermediate support slider 17 is The width of the intermediate support slider 17 is 0mm-0.005mm smaller than the width of the first groove 112, and the length of the intermediate support slider 17 is 0mm-0.005mm smaller than the length of the first groove 112. Preferably, the width of the intermediate support slider 17 is 0mm-0.003mm smaller than the width of the first groove 112, and the length of the intermediate support slider 17 is 0mm-0.003mm smaller than the length of the first groove 112; the top surface of the intermediate support slider 17 is provided with a fifth threaded hole 172 with a size specification of M8, and the support member 21 is a bolt, and the support member 21 is installed on the fifth threaded hole 172, and the support member 21 extends out of the first groove 112. The setting of the support member 21 can prevent the surface of the universal spindle 10 from being scratched, and can also play a role in adjusting the height.

[0086] Two inwardly curved arc arms 111 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the support seat 11, and the opening between the two arc arms 111 is larger than the diameter of the universal spindle 10 to be grinded, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of the universal spindle 10, and also facilitate the processing of the slide groove 101; each arc arm 111 is provided with a third threaded hole 113 with a size specification of M6, and a fastening screw 32 is installed on the third threaded hole 113. By rotating the fastening screw 32, the end face of the fastening screw 32 is pressed against the outer circle of the universal spindle 10 to play the role of oblique support. The support member 21 and the two symmetrically distributed fastening screws 32 constitute a three-point support structure. The center of the circle formed by the three support points is consistent with the center of the universal spindle 10, which plays a supporting and fixing role, can prevent the parts from vibrating and deforming during the processing, and ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the processing.

[0087] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Fig.17 , Fig.18, Fig.19 and Fig. 20 As shown, the support mechanism 400 also includes a first pressing member 13, a first spring 18 and a fourth side baffle 12. The fourth side baffle 12 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. One side of the opening of the first groove 112 on the support seat 11 is provided with four threaded holes with a size of M8 for assembling the fourth side baffle 12. The fourth side baffle 12 is provided with four countersunk holes, and the fourth side baffle 12 can be assembled on the support seat 11 by four bolts. The parallelism between the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the fourth side baffle 12 is not greater than 0.005mm; the middle support slider 17 is adjacent to the side of the fourth side baffle 12. The surface is provided with a second threaded hole 171 with a size specification of M8, and the axis of the second threaded hole 171 extends along the length direction of the intermediate support slider 17. The first clamping member 13 includes a third screw and a second wing nut. One end of the third screw is connected to the second threaded hole 171, and the other end of the third screw passes through the first through groove 121 on the fourth side baffle 12 and is threadedly connected to the second wing nut. The first through groove 121 plays a limiting role. When the support mechanism 400 supports and fixes the universal spindle 10, tightening the second wing nut can prevent the intermediate support slider 17 from sliding down.

[0088] like Figure 4 , Fig.17 , Fig. 20 As shown, a third blind hole 173 is provided at the bottom of the intermediate support slider 17, the upper end of the first spring 18 extends into the third blind hole 173 and abuts against the upper end surface of the third blind hole 173, and the lower end of the first spring 18 abuts against the lower end surface of the first groove 112. After loosening the second wing nut, the first spring 18 applies an upward force to the intermediate support slider 17, so that the support member 21 is pressed against the universal spindle 10. The application of the first spring 18 allows the intermediate support slider 17 to slide up and down, which is convenient for adjustment.

[0089] In other embodiments, the support member 21 may not be provided, and the intermediate support slider 17 and the two symmetrically distributed fastening screws 32 form a three-point support structure. In other embodiments, the support seat 11 and the fourth side baffle 12 may also be designed as an integral structure. In other embodiments, other structures may be used to realize that the intermediate support slider 17 is installed on the support seat 11 and can be adjusted up and down.

[0090] like Figure 8 , Fig.13 and Fig.17 As shown, the middle of the first top seat 3, the middle of the second top seat 20, the middle of the tooth pin seat 7, and the middle of the support seat 11 are all provided with weight reduction grooves, which can achieve the purpose of reducing weight, and the hollow design is also convenient for installing the first screw 33. The first top seat 3, the second top seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 and the support seat 11 are all designed to be large at the bottom and small at the top, and the structural stability is good.

[0091] The material of the wedge plate 1, the flat plate 2, the first top seat 3, the second top seat 20, the tooth pin seat 7 and the support seat 11 is HT200 with a hardness of 170-240HB. The material has good wear resistance and shock absorption performance, is not easy to resonate, and has stable precision; the material of the fixed top 6, the movable top 15, the intermediate supporting slider 17, the tooth pin 8 and the dividing ring 9 is GCr15 with a hardness of 58-63HRC; the material of the directional key 16 is T10 steel with a hardness of 40-45HRC; the material of the fourth side baffle 12, the second side baffle 23, the second upper baffle 26 and the first upper baffle 5 is No. 45 steel with a hardness of 40-45HRC; the material of the third side baffle 27 and the first side baffle 4 is No. 45 steel with a hardness of 28-33HRC.

[0092] A universal spindle groove grinding method, using the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device, comprises the following steps:

[0093] Step 1: Assemble the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device, debug and align it

[0094] Step 1.1, assemble the universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device, wherein the wedge plate 1 is not assembled temporarily, and use the universal mandrel 10 to be ground to adjust the relative positions between the first clamping mechanism 200, the second clamping mechanism 500, the indexing mechanism 300 and the supporting mechanism 400;

[0095] Step 1.2: Step a, place the assembled universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device on a high-precision platform for debugging, clamp the universal mandrel 10 to be grooved, and detect the outer circle generatrix of the universal mandrel 10 to be grooved to ensure that the coaxiality of the fixed center 6 and the movable center 15 is not greater than 0.002mm, and the parallelism of the center axis of the universal mandrel 10 to the plate 2 is not greater than 0.003mm; Step b, after completing step a, detect the outer circle generatrix of the universal mandrel 10 to be grooved to ensure that the parallelism of the center axis of the universal mandrel 10 to the side of the plate 2 is not greater than 0.003mm; Step c, connect the wedge plate 1 with the plate 2, so that The parallelism between the side of the wedge plate 1 and the side of the flat plate 2 is not greater than 0.003mm; step b is to ensure that when the wedge plate 1 is assembled and connected, the parallelism between the side of the flat plate 2 and the side of the wedge plate 1 is not greater than 0.003mm through debugging, thereby ensuring that the parallelism between the central axis of the universal spindle 10 and the side of the wedge plate 1 is not greater than 0.003mm; step c is to ensure that when the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device is placed on the workbench of the surface grinder, the parallelism between the side of the wedge plate 1 and the X-axis of the machine tool is not greater than 0.003mm, thereby ensuring that the parallelism between the central axis of the universal spindle 10 and the plane where the X-axis and Z-axis of the machine tool are located is not greater than 0.003mm;

[0096] Step 1.3, place the universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device on the workbench of the surface grinder, and align the parallelism of the side of the wedge plate 1 with the X-axis of the machine tool to no more than 0.003mm; at this time, because the universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device has been tilted in the horizontal direction, it is impossible to align it through the outer circle of the universal mandrel 10, and it can only be ensured that the parallelism of the central axis of the universal mandrel 10 and the plane where the X-axis and Z-axis of the machine tool are located is no more than 0.003mm by aligning the side of the wedge plate 1;

[0097] Step 2, install the indexing ring 9 on the outer circle of the universal spindle 10 to be ground, do not lock the top screw on the indexing ring 9, then adjust the tooth pin 8 and the intermediate support slider 17 to the lower end, lock the first wing nut and the second wing nut respectively, and then install the universal spindle 10 installed with the indexing ring 9 between the fixed top 6 and the movable top 15; in this step, the tooth pin 8 and the intermediate support slider 17 are adjusted to the lower end to ensure that there is no interference when the universal spindle 10 is installed;

[0098] Step 3, loosen the first wing nut, and use the third spring 22 to apply an upward force to the tooth pin 8, so that the positioning tooth 801 is inserted into the positioning groove 902 of the indexing ring 9, and then tighten the first wing nut to fix the tooth pin 8, thereby ensuring the relative position of the tooth pin 8 and the indexing ring 9;

[0099] Step 4, first tighten the third clamping member 14 located on the side of the first tailstock 151 away from the fixed center 6, so that the end face of the third clamping member 14 contacts the inner end face of the second blind hole 152, which plays an auxiliary tightening role, so that the fixed center 6 and the movable center 15 can pass through the center hole of the universal mandrel 10 of the groove to be ground to firmly position the universal mandrel 10 of the groove to be ground, and then align the slide groove 101 of the universal mandrel 10 of the groove to be ground to be parallel to the grinding wheel, and perform tool alignment, while locking the top screw on the dividing ring 9, firmly fixing the dividing ring 9 and the universal mandrel 10 of the groove to be ground, so that the dividing mechanism 300 can accurately divide the universal mandrel 10 of the groove to be ground;

[0100] Step 5, loosen the second wing nut, and use the first spring 18 to give the middle support slider 17 an upward force, so that it gives a floating upward force to the universal spindle 10 to be grinded, so that the support member 21 is pressed against the universal spindle 10, and then tighten the second wing nut to fix the middle support slider 17 firmly, and finally lock the fastening screw 32 on the support seat 11, so as to achieve the clamping and positioning of the universal spindle 10 to be grinded;

[0101] Step 6, grind the slide groove 101 of the universal spindle 10 according to the preset technical requirements. After the first slide groove 101 is roughly ground, loosen the first wing nut and the second wing nut, pull down the second screw and the third screw to make the tooth pin 8 and the middle support slider 17 slide down, and lock the first wing nut and the second wing nut. At the same time, loosen the fastening screw 32 on the support seat 11, and then rotate the universal spindle 10 to align the positioning tooth 801 of the tooth pin 8 with the second positioning groove 902 of the dividing ring 9; repeat steps 3 and 5 to grind the second slide groove 101 of the universal spindle 10, and so on, grind the third slide groove 101 of the universal spindle 10;

[0102] Step 7: After the rough grinding is completed, aging is performed, then semi-finishing grinding, secondary aging, and finally fine grinding is performed to complete the grinding groove of the universal spindle 10.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the specific technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a wedge-shaped base plate (100), and a first clamping mechanism (200), a dividing mechanism (300), a supporting mechanism (400), and a second clamping mechanism (500) which are sequentially arranged on the wedge-shaped base plate (100) along an extension direction of the wedge-shaped base plate (100); the extension direction of the wedge-shaped base plate (100) refers to an extension direction of an angle line of its wedge angle; The angle of the wedge-shaped bottom plate (100) is the angle between the slide groove (101) on the universal spindle (10) to be grinded and the central axis of the universal spindle (10); The first clamping mechanism (200) and the second clamping mechanism (500) are used to respectively position the universal spindle (10) to be grooved along the axial direction from both ends; The support mechanism (400) is used to support and fix the universal spindle (10) for the groove to be ground; The indexing mechanism (300) comprises a tooth pin seat (7), a tooth pin (8) and a indexing ring (9); The tooth pin seat (7) is movably mounted on the wedge-shaped bottom plate (100) along the extension direction of the wedge-shaped bottom plate (100); The toothed pin (8) is mounted on the toothed pin seat (7) and can be adjusted up and down, and a positioning tooth (801) is provided on the top of the toothed pin (8); The indexing ring (9) is provided with a plurality of top screws for fixing the indexing ring (9) on the circumference of the universal mandrel (10) for grinding the grooves; the outer circumferential surface of the indexing ring (9) is provided with positioning grooves (902) that match the number and circumferential position of the sliding grooves (101) on the universal mandrel (10) for grinding the grooves one by one; The positioning teeth (801) cooperate with the positioning grooves (902) to achieve circumferential positioning of the universal spindle (10) to be ground.

2. The universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped bottom plate (100) comprises a wedge-shaped plate (1) and a flat plate (2) arranged in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the angle of the wedge-shaped plate (1) is the angle between the slide groove (101) on the universal spindle (10) to be ground and the central axis of the universal spindle (10); The first clamping mechanism (200), the tooth pin seat (7), the supporting mechanism (400) and the second clamping mechanism (500) are arranged in sequence on the flat plate (2) along the extension direction of the wedge plate (1), and their positions on the flat plate (2) can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate (2); the length direction of the flat plate (2) is consistent with the extension direction of the wedge plate (1).

3. The universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support mechanism (400) comprises a support seat (11), a first pressing member (13), an intermediate support slider (17), a first spring (18) and a support member (21); The support seat (11) is installed on the flat plate (2), and its position can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate (2); The top of the support seat (11) is symmetrically provided with two inwardly curved arc arms (111), the opening between the two arc arms (111) being larger than the diameter of the universal spindle (10) to be grooved; the two arc arms (111) are respectively provided with fastening screws (32) facing the inside of the arc arms (111); A first groove (112) is provided at the center of the top of the support seat (11); The first spring (18), the middle supporting slider (17) and the supporting member (21) are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the first groove (112); the supporting member (21) is arranged on the top of the middle supporting slider (17) and extends out of the first groove (112); The support member (21) and two fastening screws (32) form a three-point support structure for fixing the universal spindle (10) to be ground. The intermediate support slider (17) can move up and down relative to the first groove (112); the first pressing member (13) is installed on the support seat (11) and connected to one side of the intermediate support slider (17) for pressing the intermediate support slider (17).

4. The universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first clamping mechanism (200) comprises a fixed center pin (6) and a first center pin seat (3); the second clamping mechanism (500) comprises a movable center pin (15) and a second center pin seat (20); The first center seat (3) and the second center seat (20) are both mounted on the flat plate (2), and their positions can be adjusted along the length direction of the flat plate (2); The fixed center (6) is fixedly mounted on the first center seat (3), and its position can be adjusted along the length direction of the plate (2); The movable top (15) is mounted on the second top seat (20), and a second spring (35) is arranged between the side of the movable top away from the fixed top (6) and the second top seat (20), so that the movable top (15) can move along the length direction of the plate (2); a locking assembly is arranged on the second top seat (20), and the locking assembly is used to lock the movable top (15); The fixed top (6) and the movable top (15) are arranged opposite to each other and coaxially.

5. The universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The indexing mechanism (300) further includes a third spring (22) and a second pressing member (24); The upper part of the tooth pin seat (7) is provided with a second groove (701); The third spring (22) and the tooth pin (8) are arranged in the second groove (701) from bottom to top in sequence; the positioning tooth (801) extends upward from the second groove (701); The toothed pin (8) can move up and down relative to the second groove (701); the second pressing member (24) is installed on the toothed pin seat (7), connected to one side of the toothed pin (8), and used to press the toothed pin (8); The plurality of positioning grooves (902) are evenly distributed around the axis of the dividing ring (9), and the extending direction of the positioning grooves (902) is parallel to the axis direction of the dividing ring (9).

6. The universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third groove (201) is provided on the top of the second top seat (20); The tail end of the movable top (15) is connected to a first tailstock (151), the first tailstock (151) is arranged in a third groove (201), a second spring (35) is arranged in the third groove (201), and the second spring (35) is located between a side of the first tailstock (151) away from the fixed top (6) and the second top stock (20), so that the first tailstock (151) can move along the length direction of the plate (2); The locking assembly comprises a third pressing member (14), which is mounted on the second top seat (20), and extends from an end of the third groove (201) away from the fixed top seat (6) to the inside of the third groove (201), and is used to assist in tightening the first tail seat (151); A fourth groove (301) is provided on the top of the first top seat (3); The tail end of the fixed top (6) is connected to a second tailstock (601), and the second tailstock (601) is arranged in the fourth groove (301) and can be adjusted along the length direction of the plate (2); A first upper baffle (5) is installed on the top of the first top seat (3), and first shoulders (602) are arranged on both sides of the second tail seat (601), and the height of the first shoulder (602) is slightly greater than the depth of the fourth groove (301), so that the lower surface of the first upper baffle (5) is pressed against the first shoulder (602); A first side baffle (4) is provided on each side of the first top seat (3) at both ends of the fourth groove (301), and a fourth clamping piece (25) is connected to the first side baffle (4). The inner end of the fourth clamping piece (25) extends into the fourth groove (301) for clamping the second tail seat (601).

7. The universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An inverted T-shaped groove (31) is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the flat plate (2) and runs through in the length direction; The bottoms of the first center seat (3), the second center seat (20), the tooth pin seat (7) and the support seat (11) are all provided with keyways (29), and directional keys (16) are installed in the keyways (29), and the directional keys (16) are slidably matched with the narrow part of the upper part of the inverted T-shaped groove (31); The bottoms of the first center seat (3), the second center seat (20), the tooth pin seat (7) and the support seat (11) are all mounted on the inverted T-shaped groove (31) via fasteners.

8. The universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The parallelism between the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate (2) is not greater than 0.003 mm; The parallelism between the side surface of the wedge-shaped plate (1) parallel to the axis of the fixed top (6) and the side surface of the flat plate (2) parallel to the axis of the fixed top (6) is not greater than 0.003 mm; The tolerance of the angle between the upper surface and the lower surface of the wedge plate (1) and the angle between the upper slide groove (101) of the universal spindle (10) to be grooved and the central axis of the universal spindle (10) is ±30″; The flatness of the upper surface and the lower surface of the wedge plate (1) is no greater than 0.003 mm, and the flatness of the bottom surfaces of the first top seat (3), the second top seat (20), the support seat (11) and the tooth pin seat (7) is no greater than 0.003 mm; The distance between the center of the fixed top (6) and the bottom surface of the first top seat (3) is equal to the distance between the center of the movable top (15) and the bottom surface of the second top seat (20), and the error is not greater than 0.003 mm; The roughness of the outer conical surfaces of the front ends of the fixed tip (6) and the movable tip (15) are both Ra0.8; The symmetry of the second groove (701) relative to the keyway (29) at the bottom of the tooth pin seat (7) is no more than 0.005 mm, and the verticality of the three side surfaces of the second groove (701) relative to the bottom surface of the tooth pin seat (7) is no more than 0.005 mm; the width and length of the tooth pin (8) are matched with the second groove (701), and the gap is no more than 0.005 mm; The width and length of the intermediate support slider (17) are matched with the first groove (112), and the gap is no greater than 0.005 mm; The clearance between the width of the directional key (16) and the width of the keyway (29) is not greater than 0.005 mm; the clearance between the width of the directional key (16) and the width of the narrow part of the upper part of the inverted T-shaped slot (31) is not greater than 0.005 mm; The diameter of the through hole (901) of the indexing ring (9) is 0 mm to 0.003 mm larger than the diameter of the universal spindle (10) to be ground. The symmetry of the third groove (201) relative to the keyway (29) at the bottom of the second top seat (20) is not greater than 0.005 mm, the verticality of the two side surfaces of the third groove (201) relative to the bottom surface of the second top seat (20) is not greater than 0.005 mm, the symmetry of the side surfaces of the two second shoulders (153) on the first tail seat (151) that are away from each other relative to the axis of the movable top seat (15) is not greater than 0.003 mm, the distance between the side surfaces of the two second shoulders (153) that are away from each other is 0 mm to 0.005 mm smaller than the width of the third groove (201), and the height of the second shoulder (153) is 0 mm to 0.005 mm smaller than the depth of the third groove (201); The symmetry of the fourth groove (301) relative to the keyway (29) at the bottom of the first top seat (3) is not greater than 0.005 mm, the verticality of the two side surfaces of the fourth groove (301) relative to the bottom surface of the first top seat (3) is not greater than 0.005 mm, the symmetry of the side surfaces of the two first shoulders (602) that are away from each other relative to the axis of the fixed top (6) is not greater than 0.003 mm, the distance between the side surfaces of the two first shoulders (602) that are away from each other is 0 mm to 0.005 mm smaller than the width of the fourth groove (301), and the height of the first shoulder (602) is greater than the depth of the fourth groove (301) by 0.01 mm; The angle between the two side surfaces of the cross section of the positioning groove (902) perpendicular to the axis of the dividing ring (9) is 30°, the angle between the two side surfaces of the cross section of the positioning tooth (801) perpendicular to the axis of the dividing ring (9) is 30°, and the surface roughness of the positioning tooth (801) is Ra0.8; The material of the wedge plate (1), the flat plate (2), the first center seat (3), the second center seat (20), the tooth pin seat (7) and the support seat (11) is HT200 with a hardness of 170-240HB; The material of the fixed top (6), the movable top (15), the intermediate support slider (17), the tooth pin (8) and the indexing ring (9) is GCr15, with a hardness of 58-63HRC; The material of the directional key (16) is T10 steel with a hardness of 40-45HRC.

9. A universal spindle groove grinding method, based on the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, first assemble the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device, then place the assembled universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device on a high-precision platform for debugging, and then place the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device on a surface grinder workbench for alignment; Step 2, install the indexing ring (9) on the outer circle of the universal mandrel (10) of the groove to be ground, do not lock the top screw on the indexing ring (9), then adjust the tooth pin (8) to the lower end, and then pre-install the universal mandrel (10) with the indexing ring (9) installed between the first clamping mechanism (200) and the second clamping mechanism (500); Step 3, adjust the tooth pin seat (7) to move upward so that the positioning tooth (801) is inserted into the positioning groove (902) of the indexing ring (9); Step 4, firstly, the universal mandrel (10) to be grinded is positioned securely by the first clamping mechanism (200) and the second clamping mechanism (500), and then one side of the slide groove (101) of the universal mandrel (10) to be grinded is aligned to be parallel to the grinding wheel, and the tool is aligned, and at the same time, the top screw on the indexing ring (9) is locked, and the indexing ring (9) and the universal mandrel (10) to be grinded are fixed securely, so that the indexing mechanism (300) can accurately index the universal mandrel (10) to be grinded; Step 5, clamping and positioning the universal spindle (10) for the groove to be ground by the support mechanism (400); Step 6, grinding the slide groove (101) of the universal spindle (10) according to the preset technical requirements. After the first slide groove (101) is roughly ground, the tooth pin (8) is adjusted to the lower end, and the clamping and positioning of the universal spindle (10) by the support mechanism (400) is released, and then the universal spindle (10) is rotated to align the positioning tooth (801) of the tooth pin (8) with the second positioning groove (902) of the dividing ring (9); after repeating steps 3 and 5, the second slide groove (101) of the universal spindle (10) is ground, and the remaining slide grooves (101) of the universal spindle (10) are ground in the same way; Step 7: After the rough grinding is completed, aging is performed, then semi-finishing grinding, secondary aging is performed, and finally fine grinding is performed to complete the grinding groove of the universal mandrel (10).

10. The universal spindle groove grinding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 1, assembling the universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device specifically comprises: assembling the universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device, wherein the wedge plate (1) is not assembled temporarily, and using the universal mandrel (10) to be grooved to adjust the relative positions between the first clamping mechanism (200), the second clamping mechanism (500), the indexing mechanism (300) and the supporting mechanism (400); In step 1, the assembled universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device is placed on a high-precision platform for debugging. Specifically, the following steps are performed: step a, placing the assembled universal mandrel adjustable groove grinding device on a high-precision platform for debugging, clamping the universal mandrel (10) to be grooved, and detecting the outer circle generatrix of the universal mandrel (10) to be grooved to ensure that the coaxiality of the fixed center (6) and the movable center (15) is not greater than 0.002 mm, and the parallelism of the central axis of the universal mandrel (10) to the plate (2) is not greater than 0.003 mm; step b, after completing step a, detecting the outer circle generatrix of the universal mandrel (10) to be grooved to ensure that the parallelism of the central axis of the universal mandrel (10) to the side of the plate (2) is not greater than 0.003 mm; step c, connecting the wedge plate (1) to the plate (2) to ensure that the parallelism of the side of the wedge plate (1) to the side of the plate (2) is not greater than 0.003 mm; In step 1, the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device is placed on the workbench of the surface grinder for alignment. Specifically, the universal spindle adjustable groove grinding device is placed on the workbench of the surface grinder, and the parallelism between the side surface of the wedge plate (1) and the X-axis of the machine tool is not greater than 0.003 mm; In step 2, while adjusting the tooth pin (8) to the lower end, the intermediate support slider (17) is also adjusted to the lower end, and then the first pressing member (13) and the second pressing member (24) are locked respectively; In step 2, the universal spindle (10) on which the indexing ring (9) is installed is pre-installed between the first clamping mechanism (200) and the second clamping mechanism (500), specifically: the universal spindle (10) on which the indexing ring (9) is installed is installed between the fixed center (6) and the movable center (15); Step 3 specifically comprises: loosening the second pressing member (24), applying an upward force to the tooth pin (8) through the third spring (22), so that the positioning tooth (801) is inserted into the positioning groove (902) of the indexing ring (9), and then tightening the second pressing member (24) to fix the tooth pin (8), thereby ensuring the relative position of the tooth pin (8) and the indexing ring (9); In step 4, the universal spindle (10) to be grooved is positioned securely by the first clamping mechanism (200) and the second clamping mechanism (500), specifically by tightening the third clamping member (14) located on the side of the first tailstock (151) away from the fixed center (6), so that the end surface of the third clamping member (14) assists in tightening the first tailstock (151), thereby allowing the fixed center (6) and the movable center (15) to pass through the center hole of the universal spindle (10) to position the universal spindle (10) to be grooved securely; Step 5 specifically comprises: loosening the first clamping member (13), applying an upward force to the intermediate support slider (17) through the first spring (18), so that the intermediate support slider (17) applies a floating upward force to the universal spindle (10) to be ground, then tightening the first clamping member (13), fixing the intermediate support slider (17), and finally locking the fastening screw (32) on the support seat (11), thereby achieving clamping and positioning of the universal spindle (10) to be ground; In step 6, the tooth pin (8) is adjusted to the lower end, and the clamping and positioning of the universal shaft (10) by the support mechanism (400) is released, specifically: the first clamping member (13) and the second clamping member (24) are loosened, and the first clamping member (13) and the second clamping member (24) are pulled downward to make the tooth pin (8) and the middle support slider (17) slide down, and the first clamping member (13) and the second clamping member (24) are locked, and at the same time, the fastening screws (32) on the support seat (11) are loosened; In step 6, the remaining slide grooves (101) of the universal spindle (10) are ground by analogy, specifically: the third slide groove (101) of the universal spindle (10) is ground by analogy.

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