Support-free mounting structure of laminated beam and laminated slab and mounting method of support-free mounting structure

Abstract

The invention provides a support-free mounting structure of a laminated beam and a laminated slab and a mounting method of the support-free mounting structure, and belongs to the field of fabricated buildings. The support-free mounting structure comprises a laminated beam prefabricated part, a laminated slab prefabricated part and an adjustable opposite-pulling mold; two ends of the superposed beam prefabricated part are arranged on the main body structure; the adjustable opposite-pulling mold comprises two sets of pouring molds and opposite-pulling pieces, the two sets of pouring molds are oppositely pulled on the two sides of the prefabricated part of the superposed beam through the opposite-pulling pieces and support the prefabricated part of the superposed beam, and the two sets of pouring molds and the prefabricated part of the superposed beam form a pouring space of the post-pouring part of the superposed beam; the two ends of the pouring mold are supported on the main body structure; the prefabricated part of the laminated slab is placed on the top of the pouring mold. The thickness of the prefabricated part of the superposed beam can be greatly reduced by oppositely pulling the adjustable opposite-pulling dies on the two sides of the prefabricated part of the superposed beam, and due to the fact that the bending resistance of the dies is far larger than that of the prefabricated part of the superposed beam, the dies can make up for insufficient rigidity of the superposed beam and reduce the dead weight of the prefabricated part of the superposed beam, and the thickness of the prefabricated part of the superposed beam is only about 200 mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of assembled structures, and in particular relates to a support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the current prefabricated beam-slab structure, composite beams and composite slabs are generally used. After the prefabricated parts are in place at the construction site, the composite layer is cast on site to form a composite structure.

[0003] The current precast concrete composite beams have the following pain points: Heavy weight, high transportation cost, and high requirements for lifting machinery; Since the on-site superimposed layers of the composite beams have not yet been poured, the concrete beams are not rigid enough during the construction phase and a large number of temporary supports need to be set up; Prefabricated composite beams are almost impossible to make into I-beams due to problems such as formwork and overlap; Since concrete beams do not have enough floor slab placement surface, it is necessary to set brackets or place angle steel when placing prefabricated floor slabs, which affects the appearance and is troublesome; The prestressed beam has a larger reverse arch due to the large eccentricity of the prestressed tendons at the bottom. Summary of the invention

[0004] The primary object of the present invention is to provide an installation structure for composite beams and floor slabs without requiring a large amount of temporary support.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention provides a support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate, comprising: A prefabricated composite beam part, wherein both ends of the prefabricated composite beam part are arranged on the main structure; An adjustable pulling mold, the adjustable pulling mold comprises two casting molds and pulling pieces, the two casting molds are pulled on both sides of the prefabricated part of the composite beam through the pulling pieces and support the prefabricated part of the composite beam, the two casting molds and the prefabricated part of the composite beam form a casting space for the post-cast part of the composite beam; both ends of the casting mold are supported on the main structure; A prefabricated part of the laminated slab is placed on top of the casting mold.

[0006] Preferably, the two casting molds are provided with a plurality of height adjustment holes for the tensioning installation of the tensioning members at intervals along the beam height direction.

[0007] Preferably, the casting mold includes a casting template and a panel surface reinforcement structure frame; the panel surface reinforcement structure frame is arranged on the outer side of the casting template, and the height adjustment hole is arranged on the panel surface reinforcement structure frame.

[0008] Preferably, the panel reinforcement structure frame is a truss structure, which includes an upper chord, a lower chord, diagonal webs and straight bars, at least the upper chord is attached to the top of the casting formwork and is flush with the top surface of the casting formwork; the diagonal webs and the straight bars are arranged between the upper chord and the lower chord; and the plurality of height adjustment holes are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the straight bars.

[0009] Preferably, the panel reinforcement structure frame includes a first structural rib, a second structural rib and a vertical straight rib; the first structural rib is attached to the top of the casting template and is flush with the top surface of the casting template; the second structural rib is attached to the bottom of the casting template, and the vertical straight rib is connected between the first structural rib and the second structural rib; the plurality of height adjustment holes are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vertical straight rib.

[0010] Preferably, the prefabricated part of the composite beam includes a prefabricated beam and structural reinforcement, the bottom of the structural reinforcement is buried in the prefabricated beam, and a composite beam casting space is formed above the prefabricated beam.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the prefabricated beam is not higher than half of the height of the composite beam.

[0012] Preferably, the tensioning member is a first tensioning screw rod, and the prefabricated beam is provided with a tensioning through hole along the beam width direction for the first tensioning screw rod to pass through.

[0013] Preferably, the tensioning member includes at least a first mounting screw and a second mounting screw; the first mounting screw and the second mounting screw are installed between two rows of panel reinforcement structure frames and are located below the prefabricated beam; the two ends of the first mounting screw and the second mounting screw are respectively tightened against the inner and outer sides of the panel reinforcement structure frame through nuts to form a stable support.

[0014] Preferably, the main structure is a structural column, a support is provided on the structural column, and the panel reinforcement structure is erected on the support.

[0015] Preferably, the support includes a second tension screw and a support seat, the second tension screw is tensioned and penetrates the structural column, and the support seat is installed on the end of the second tension screw through a nut.

[0016] Preferably, the structural reinforcement includes at least composite beam prestressed reinforcement, composite beam stirrups and composite beam surface reinforcement; the composite beam prestressed reinforcement is arranged in the precast beam, the bottom of the composite beam stirrups is buried in the precast beam, and the composite beam surface reinforcement is arranged on the top of the composite beam stirrups.

[0017] Preferably, two post-dismantling strips are arranged side by side and at intervals in the casting space of the post-cast part of the composite beam; the two post-dismantling strips in the composite beam are removed after being cast in the casting space of the post-cast part of the composite beam to form an H-shaped composite beam.

[0018] The technical effects produced by the above technical solution of the present invention come from one or more of the following combinations: The present invention can greatly reduce the thickness of the prefabricated part of the composite beam by pulling the adjustable pulling mold on both sides of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. Since the bending resistance of the mold is much greater than that of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, the mold can make up for the insufficient rigidity of the composite beam, thereby reducing the deadweight of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, and the thickness is only about 200 mm. Reducing the deadweight of the prefabricated part of the composite beam also reduces transportation costs and lifting requirements; The height of the precast beam is small, the anti-arch is small (when using prestressed beams, the eccentricity of the prestressed steel strands relative to the beam is small), and fewer prestressed steel strands can achieve greater concrete compressive stress (because the pressure of the prestressed tendons is borne by a smaller area of ​​concrete); The present invention has its own truss mold, which is convenient for pouring the post-cast part of the composite beam. The side mold is against the truss, and the bottom mold is against the precast beam. The support-free construction requires that the precast part of the composite beam does not need to have a large bending rigidity, so the precast part of the composite beam does not need to add reinforcement during the construction stage. The adjustable tensioning mold also solves the problem of placing the prefabricated part of the composite slab of the floor slab. The prefabricated part of the composite slab can be placed directly on the tensioning mold.

[0019] The present invention also provides a support-free installation method for a composite beam and a composite plate, comprising: Assembly: Install two rows of casting molds on both sides of the prefabricated part of the composite beam through tensioning members; Hoisting: Hoist the assembled prefabricated parts of the composite beam onto the main structure; Installation: Place the prefabricated section of the composite slab on top of the casting formwork.

[0020] Preferably, the prefabricated part of the composite beam is placed on the adjustable tensioning die after being prefabricated; or, a bottom die is laid on the adjustable tensioning die, and the prefabricated part of the composite beam is cast and formed on the adjustable tensioning die.

[0021] Preferably, the casting mold includes a casting template and a panel surface reinforcement structure frame; during assembly, the panel surface reinforcement structure is set on the outside of the casting template, and then assembled as a whole through tensioning members.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of height adjustment holes for installing the tension members at different heights are provided on the panel reinforcement structure frame at intervals along the beam height direction; a plurality of casting templates adapted to different composite beam height specifications are provided; the top of the casting template is rested on the prefabricated part of the composite panel, and the height of the panel structure frame is adjusted by adjusting the positions of the height adjustment holes of the tension members at different heights, so as to keep the top surface of the panel structure frame flush with the top surface of the casting template.

[0023] The technical effects produced by the above technical solution of the present invention come from one or more of the following combinations: The present invention adopts the method of assembling first and then hoisting and installing. During assembly, an adjustable pulling mold is pulled on both sides of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, which can greatly reduce the thickness of the prefabricated part of the composite beam. Since the bending resistance of the mold is much greater than that of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, the mold can make up for the insufficient rigidity of the composite beam, thereby reducing the deadweight of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, and the thickness is only about 200 mm. Reducing the deadweight of the prefabricated part of the composite beam also reduces transportation costs and lifting requirements; The height of the precast beam is small, and the anti-arch of the prestressed beam is small, so only a small number of prestressed steel strands are needed to achieve a larger concrete prestress (because the pressure of the prestressed tendons is borne by a smaller area of ​​concrete); The present invention has a truss mold, which is convenient for pouring the post-cast part of the composite beam. The side mold is against the truss, and the bottom mold is against the prefabricated beam; the prefabricated part of the composite beam does not need to add reinforcement during the construction stage; The adjustable pulling mold also solves the problem of placing the prefabricated part of the composite slab of the floor slab, and can be placed directly on the mold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the support-free installation structure of the composite beam and composite plate of the present invention is expressed.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of beam and slab casting forming of the support-free installation structure of the composite beam and composite slab of the present invention is expressed.

[0026] Figure 3 A partial display diagram of the support-free installation structure of the composite beam and composite plate of the present invention is expressed.

[0027] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the assembly of the prefabricated part of the composite beam and the adjustable tensioning mold in the present invention is expressed.

[0028] Figure 5 The exploded view of the assembly of the prefabricated part of the composite beam and the adjustable tensioning die in the present invention is expressed.

[0029] Figure 6 The casting structure diagram of the H-beam in the present invention is expressed.

[0030] Figure 7 The casting diagram of the H-beam in the present invention is expressed.

[0031] Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram of the adjustable pulling die in the present invention is expressed.

[0032] Fig. 9 A structural schematic diagram of the adjustable pulling die in the present invention is expressed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following description is given to enable those skilled in the art to implement and use the invention and incorporate it into a specific application context. Various modifications, as well as various uses in different applications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein are applicable to a wide range of embodiments. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but should be granted the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0034] In the following detailed description, many specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the practice of the present invention need not be limited to these specific details. In other words, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form without detailed display to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0035] The reader is reminded of all documents and literature filed simultaneously with this specification and open to public inspection, and the contents of all such documents and literature are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise directly stated, all features disclosed in this specification (including any attached claims, abstracts and drawings) can be replaced by alternative features for achieving the same, equivalent or similar purposes. Therefore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, each feature disclosed is only an example of a group of equivalent or similar features.

[0036] Note that, where used, the symbols left, right, front, back, top, bottom, forward, reverse, clockwise and counterclockwise are used only for convenience and do not imply any specific fixed direction. In fact, they are used to reflect the relative position and / or direction between the various parts of the object. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Note that, in the case of use, further, preferably, further and more preferably are simple beginnings for explaining another embodiment based on the previous embodiment, and the content of further, preferably, further or more preferably followed by the above embodiment is combined with the previous embodiment as a complete composition of another embodiment. Several further, preferably, further or more preferably settings followed by the same embodiment can be arbitrarily combined to form another embodiment.

[0039] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Note that the aspects described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0040] Structural embodiment: See also Figure 1 to Figure 7 This embodiment provides a support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate, including a composite beam prefabricated part 1, a composite plate prefabricated part 31 and an adjustable tensioning mold 2. The two ends of the composite beam prefabricated part 1 are arranged on the main structure 4; the adjustable tensioning mold 2 includes two sets of casting molds 21 and tensioning members 22. The two sets of casting molds 21 are pulled on both sides of the composite beam prefabricated part 1 through the tensioning members 22 and support the composite beam prefabricated part 1. The two sets of casting molds 21 and the composite beam prefabricated part 1 form a casting space 10 for the post-cast part of the composite beam; the two ends of the casting mold 21 are supported on the main structure 4; the composite plate prefabricated part 31 is placed on the top of the casting mold 21. By pulling the adjustable pulling mold 2 on both sides of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, the thickness of the prefabricated part of the composite beam can be greatly reduced. Since the bending resistance of the mold is much greater than that of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, the mold can make up for the insufficient stiffness of the composite beam, thereby reducing the self-weight of the prefabricated part of the composite beam, and the thickness is only about 200mm.

[0041] Please combine Figure 4 and Figure 5The prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam is prefabricated in the factory and hoisted on site. Specifically, the prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam includes a prefabricated beam 11 and structural reinforcement. The bottom of the structural reinforcement is buried in the prefabricated beam 11, and a composite beam casting space is formed above the prefabricated beam 11. Furthermore, the structural reinforcement at least includes composite beam prestressed reinforcement 12, composite beam stirrups 14 and composite beam surface reinforcement 13. The composite beam prestressed reinforcement 12 is arranged in the prefabricated beam 11, the bottom of the composite beam stirrups 14 is buried in the prefabricated beam 11, and the composite beam surface reinforcement 13 is arranged on the top of the composite beam stirrups 14. The structural reinforcement should be located as a whole in the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam.

[0042] Please combine Figure 1~Figure 3 The prefabricated part 31 of the composite slab is the composite bottom plate of the floor 3, or the composite bottom plate and the trusses on the plate, or the composite bottom plate and the structural reinforcements on the plate, or a formwork-free and support-free floor such as a steel bar truss floor deck. It can be any structural form of the prefabricated part of the composite slab in the prior art, and no limitation is made here.

[0043] In this embodiment, the rigidity of both sides of the precast beam 11 is strengthened by the adjustable pulling die 2, thereby reducing the bending resistance requirement of the precast beam 11, and further reducing the height of the precast beam 11. After multiple implementations, it is found that the height of the precast beam 11 can be no higher than half of the height of the composite beam, that is, it can be reduced to less than half the height of the overall composite beam, specifically 150-250mm.

[0044] The adjustable tensioning mold 2 is a temporary mold, which will be removed after the composite beam is cast. As a mold, its repeatability is particularly important. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the adaptability of the adjustable tensioning mold 2 to adapt to composite beams with different beam heights. Specifically, the two groups of casting molds 21 are provided with a plurality of height adjustment holes 20 for tensioning and installing the tensioning members 22 at intervals along the beam height direction. The tensioning members 22 are tensioned and installed through the height adjustment holes 20 at different heights, so that the precast beams 11 can be used for casting of different beam heights. At this time, the precast beam 11 or the precast part of the composite beam is the bottom mold, and the casting mold 21 is the side mold. Further, please combine Figure 2 The casting mold 21 includes a casting template 211 and a plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212; the plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212 is arranged on the outer side of the casting template 211, and the height adjustment hole 20 is arranged on the plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212.

[0045] This embodiment provides two structural forms of the panel reinforcement structure frame 212: 1. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212 is a truss structure, which includes an upper chord 2121, a lower chord 2122, an oblique web member 2123 and a straight rod 2124. At least the upper chord 2121 is attached to the top of the casting template 211 and is flush with the top surface of the casting template 211; the oblique web member 2123 and the straight rod 2124 are arranged between the upper chord 2121 and the lower chord 2122; and a plurality of height adjustment holes 20 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the straight rod 2124. When the lower chord 2122 is attached to the top of the casting template 211 and is flush with the top surface of the casting template 211, the height adjustment hole 20 is a general term for the holes penetrating the casting template 211 and the straight rod 2124. The upper chord 2121, the lower chord 2122, the oblique web member 2123 and the straight rod 2124 can be made of section steel or rectangular tubes.

[0046] 2. Please refer to Fig. 9 The panel reinforcement structure frame 212 includes a first structural rib 2121a, a second structural rib 2122a and a vertical straight rib 2124a; the first structural rib 2121a is attached to the top of the casting template 211 and is flush with the top surface of the casting template 211; the second structural rib 2122a is attached to the bottom of the casting template 211, and the vertical straight rib 2124a is connected between the first structural rib 2121a and the second structural rib 2122a; a plurality of height adjustment holes 20 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vertical straight rib 2124a. In this embodiment, the first structural rib 2121a, the second structural rib 2122a and the vertical straight rib 2124a can be fixed on the casting template 211 by a bracket. At this time, the height adjustment hole 20 is a general term for the holes passing through the casting template 211 and the vertical straight rib 2124a. The first structural rib 2121a, the second structural rib 2122a and the vertical straight rib 2124a can be made of steel sections or rectangular tubes.

[0047] In the above two embodiments, the casting formwork 211 can be a steel formwork, and the two structural forms of the plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212 can be welded to the steel formwork.

[0048] For further information, see Figure 5 The tension member 22 is a first tension screw rod, which can be inserted into the interior of the precast beam 11 for tensioning, or can be located at the bottom of the precast beam 11 for support. Specifically, the precast beam 11 is provided with tension holes 110 for the first tension screw rod to be inserted along the beam width direction. Furthermore, the first tension screw rod is provided in multiple rows along the length direction of the precast beam 11.

[0049] Alternatively, see Figure 8The tensioning member 22 at least includes a first mounting screw 22a and a second mounting screw 22b. Specifically, the first mounting screw 22a and the second mounting screw 22b are installed between two rows of panel reinforcement structure frames 212 and are located below the precast beam 11. The two ends of the first mounting screw 22a and the second mounting screw 22b are respectively pressed against the inner and outer sides of the panel reinforcement structure frame 212 by nuts to form a stable support. This form forms a stable frame support for the adjustable tensioning die 2 by locking the two rows of screws one inside and one outside, and supports the bottom of the precast beam 11.

[0050] In this embodiment, the main purpose is to realize the support-free structure of the composite beam, which is interpreted as eliminating a large number of temporary supports. Therefore, the adjustable tensioning mold 2 and the prefabricated beam 11 are installed on the main structure 4 without temporary supports. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The main structure 4 is a structural column, a support 43 is provided on the structural column, the panel reinforcement structure frame 212 is provided on the support 43, and both ends of the prefabricated beam 11 are also placed on the structural column or the support 43. Further, the support 43 includes a second tension screw 431 and a support seat 432. The second tension screw 431 is tensioned and penetrated through the structural column, and the support seat 432 is installed on the end of the second tension screw 431 through a nut. The support seat 432 can be made of angle steel or a commonly used corbel.

[0051] When the structural column in this embodiment is used as the main structure 4, it includes a precast column 41 and a post-cast section 42. The support 43 is arranged on the precast column 41, and the two ends of the precast beam 11 are also placed on the top of the precast column 41, so that the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam and the post-cast section 42 are connected to form a whole, and finally the overall casting can be carried out.

[0052] Of course, there is no limitation to that a small amount of support may be provided at the bottom of both ends of the prefabricated beam 11 and the adjustable pulling mold 2, such as providing two rows of vertical rectangular tubes for temporary support.

[0053] The existing prefabricated composite beams are almost impossible to be made into I-beams due to problems such as formwork and overlap. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, two post-removal strips 15 are arranged side by side in the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam. The two post-removal strips 15 in the composite beam are removed after being cast in the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam, thereby forming an H-shaped composite beam 1 (red line part). Preferably, the post-removal strips 15 can be lightweight concrete strips; or other formed fillers can be used.

[0054] Beneficial effects of this embodiment: The present invention can greatly reduce the thickness of the composite beam prefabricated part 1 by pulling the adjustable pulling mold 2 on both sides of the composite beam prefabricated part 1. Since the bending resistance of the mold is much greater than that of the composite beam prefabricated part 1, the mold can make up for the insufficient rigidity of the composite beam, thereby reducing the deadweight of the composite beam prefabricated part 1, and the thickness is only about 200 mm. Reducing the deadweight of the prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam also reduces the transportation cost and the lifting requirements; The height of the precast beam 11 is small, and the eccentricity of the prestressed tendons relative to the cross section is small, so that the precast prestressed beam has a small anti-arch, and the concrete can also achieve a suitable compressive stress with fewer prestressed tendons (because the pressure of the prestressed tendons is borne by a smaller area of ​​concrete); The present invention has its own truss mold, which is convenient for pouring the post-cast part of the composite beam. The side mold is against the truss, and the bottom mold is against the precast beam 11; the precast beam does not need to increase the reinforcement for the rigidity required in the construction stage; The adjustable pulling mold 2 also solves the problem of placing the prefabricated part 31 of the composite slab of the floor slab 3, and can be placed directly on it.

[0055] Method Example: See also Figure 1 to Figure 9 This embodiment provides a support-free installation method for a composite beam and a composite plate, which mainly includes the following three steps: S1: Assembly: Specifically, two rows of casting molds 21 are installed on both sides of the prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam by tensioning members 22 .

[0056] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 The prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam is prefabricated in the factory and hoisted on site. Specifically, the prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam includes a prefabricated beam 11 and structural reinforcement. The bottom of the structural reinforcement is buried in the prefabricated beam 11, and a composite beam casting space is formed above the prefabricated beam 11. Furthermore, the structural reinforcement at least includes composite beam prestressed reinforcement 12, composite beam stirrups 14 and composite beam surface reinforcement 13. The composite beam prestressed reinforcement 12 is arranged in the prefabricated beam 11, the bottom of the composite beam stirrups 14 is buried in the prefabricated beam 11, and the composite beam surface reinforcement 13 is arranged on the top of the composite beam stirrups 14. The structural reinforcement should be located as a whole in the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam.

[0057] The prefabricated part 31 of the composite slab is the composite bottom plate of the floor 3, or the composite bottom plate and the trusses on the plate, or the composite bottom plate and the structural reinforcements on the plate, or a formwork-free and support-free floor such as a steel truss floor deck. It can be any structural form of the prefabricated part of the composite slab in the prior art, and no limitation is made here.

[0058] Two groups of casting molds 21 and the tensioning members 22 form an adjustable tensioning mold 2. In this embodiment, the rigidity of both sides of the precast beam 11 is strengthened by the adjustable tensioning mold 2, thereby reducing the bending resistance requirement of the precast beam 11, and further reducing the height of the precast beam 11. After multiple implementations, it is found that the height of the precast beam 11 can be no higher than half of the height of the composite beam, that is, it is reduced to less than half the height of the overall composite beam, and specifically can be 150-250mm.

[0059] The adjustable tensioning mold 2 is a temporary mold, which is removed after the composite beam is cast. As a mold, its repeatability is particularly important. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the adaptability of the adjustable tensioning mold 2 to adapt to composite beams with different beam heights. Specifically, the two groups of casting molds 21 are provided with a plurality of height adjustment holes 20 for tensioning and installing the tensioning members 22 at intervals along the beam height direction. The tensioning members 22 are tensioned and installed through the height adjustment holes 20 at different heights, so that the precast beams 11 can be used for casting of different beam heights. At this time, the precast beam 11 or the precast part of the composite beam is the bottom mold, and the casting mold 21 is the side mold. Furthermore, the casting mold 21 includes a casting template 211 and a plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212; the plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212 is arranged on the outer side of the casting template 211, and the height adjustment hole 20 is arranged on the plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212.

[0060] This embodiment provides two structural forms of the panel reinforcement structure frame 212: 1. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212 is a truss structure, which includes an upper chord 2121, a lower chord 2122, an oblique web member 2123 and a straight rod 2124. At least the upper chord 2121 is attached to the top of the casting template 211 and is flush with the top surface of the casting template 211; the oblique web member 2123 and the straight rod 2124 are arranged between the upper chord 2121 and the lower chord 2122; and a plurality of height adjustment holes 20 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the straight rod 2124. When the lower chord 2122 is attached to the top of the casting template 211 and is flush with the top surface of the casting template 211, the height adjustment hole 20 is a general term for the holes penetrating the casting template 211 and the straight rod 2124. The upper chord 2121, the lower chord 2122, the oblique web member 2123 and the straight rod 2124 can be made of section steel or rectangular tubes.

[0061] 2. Please refer to Fig. 9The panel reinforcement structure frame 212 includes a first structural rib 2121a, a second structural rib 2122a and a vertical straight rib 2124a; the first structural rib 2121a is attached to the top of the casting template 211 and is flush with the top surface of the casting template 211; the second structural rib 2122a is attached to the bottom of the casting template 211, and the vertical straight rib 2124a is connected between the first structural rib 2121a and the second structural rib 2122a; a plurality of height adjustment holes 20 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vertical straight rib 2124a. In this embodiment, the first structural rib 2121a, the second structural rib 2122a and the vertical straight rib 2124a can be fixed on the casting template 211 by a bracket. At this time, the height adjustment hole 20 is a general term for the holes passing through the casting template 211 and the vertical straight rib 2124a. The first structural rib 2121a, the second structural rib 2122a and the vertical straight rib 2124a can be made of steel sections or rectangular tubes.

[0062] In the above two embodiments, the casting formwork 211 can be a steel formwork, and the two structural forms of the plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212 can be welded to the steel formwork.

[0063] For further information, see Figure 5 The tension member 22 is a first tension screw rod, which can be inserted into the interior of the precast beam 11 for tensioning, or can be located at the bottom of the precast beam 11 for support. Specifically, the precast beam 11 is provided with tension holes 110 for the first tension screw rod to be inserted along the beam width direction. Furthermore, the first tension screw rod is provided in multiple rows along the length direction of the precast beam 11.

[0064] Alternatively, see Figure 8 The tensioning member 22 at least includes a first mounting screw 22a and a second mounting screw 22b. Specifically, the first mounting screw 22a and the second mounting screw 22b are installed between two rows of panel reinforcement structure frames 212 and are located below the precast beam 11. The two ends of the first mounting screw 22a and the second mounting screw 22b are respectively pressed against the inner and outer sides of the panel reinforcement structure frame 212 by nuts to form a stable support. This form forms a stable frame support for the adjustable tensioning die 2 by locking the two rows of screws one inside and one outside, and supports the bottom of the precast beam 11.

[0065] In the above scheme, the composite beam prefabricated part 1 is prefabricated and then placed on the adjustable tensioning mold 2. As another implementation of this embodiment, a bottom mold can also be laid on the adjustable tensioning mold 2, and the composite beam prefabricated part 1 can be cast on the adjustable tensioning mold 2. This method saves the need for hoisting the composite beam prefabricated part 1, and the casting template 211 is directly used as the side mold of the composite beam prefabricated part 1. A bottom mold (not shown) is set between the two casting templates 211, and the composite beam prefabricated part 1 can be directly cast.

[0066] S2: Hoisting: Specifically, the assembled prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam is hoisted on the main structure 4 .

[0067] See also Figure 3 In this embodiment, the main purpose is to realize the support-free structure of the composite beam, which is interpreted as eliminating a large number of temporary supports. Therefore, the adjustable tensioning mold 2 and the prefabricated beam 11 are installed on the main structure 4 without the need for temporary supports. Specifically, the main structure 4 is a structural column, and a support 43 is provided on the structural column. The plate surface reinforcement structure frame 212 is provided on the support 43, and the two ends of the prefabricated beam 11 are also placed on the structural column or the support 43. Furthermore, the support 43 includes a second tensioning screw 431 and a support seat 432. The second tensioning screw 431 is tensioned and penetrated through the structural column, and the support seat 432 is installed on the end of the second tensioning screw 431 through a nut. The support seat 432 can be made of angle steel, or a generally used corbel.

[0068] When the structural column in this embodiment is used as the main structure 4, it includes a precast column 41 and a post-cast section 42. The support 43 is arranged on the precast column 41, and the two ends of the precast beam 11 are also placed on the top of the precast column 41, so that the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam and the post-cast section 42 are connected to form a whole, and finally the overall casting can be carried out.

[0069] Of course, there is no limitation to that a small amount of support may be provided at the bottom of both ends of the prefabricated beam 11 and the adjustable pulling mold 2, such as providing two rows of vertical rectangular tubes for temporary support.

[0070] S3: Installation: For details, please refer to Figure 1 , place the prefabricated part 31 of the composite slab on top of the casting formwork 211.

[0071] For further information, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 , due to problems such as formwork and overlapping, the existing prefabricated composite beams can hardly be made into I-shaped beams. In this embodiment, two post-removal strips 15 arranged side by side and spaced apart are provided in the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam. The two post-removal strips 15 in the composite beam are removed after being cast in the casting space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam, thereby forming an H-shaped composite beam 1. Preferably, the post-removal strips 15 can be lightweight concrete strips; or other formed fillers can be used.

[0072] S4: Casting: For details, please refer to Figure 2 For the installed beam-slab structure, concrete can be directly poured. The pouring space 10 of the post-cast part of the composite beam and the pouring space of the post-cast part of the composite slab are filled with concrete to form an integral beam-slab structure. After the pouring is completed, the adjustable tensioning mold 2 can be removed.

[0073] Beneficial effects of this embodiment: The present invention is assembled first and then hoisted and installed. During assembly, the adjustable pulling mold 2 is pulled on both sides of the composite beam prefabricated part 1, which can greatly reduce the thickness of the composite beam prefabricated part 1. Since the bending resistance of the mold is much greater than that of the composite beam prefabricated part 1, the mold can make up for the insufficient rigidity of the composite beam, thereby reducing the deadweight of the composite beam prefabricated part 1, and the thickness is only about 200mm. Reducing the deadweight of the prefabricated part 1 of the composite beam also reduces the transportation cost and the lifting requirements; The height of the precast beam 11 is small, and the eccentricity of the prestressed tendons relative to the cross section is small, so that the precast prestressed beam has a small anti-arch, and the concrete can also achieve a suitable compressive stress with fewer prestressed tendons (because the pressure of the prestressed tendons is borne by a smaller area of ​​concrete); The present invention has its own truss mold, which is convenient for pouring the post-cast part of the composite beam. The side mold is against the truss, and the bottom mold is against the precast beam 11; the precast beam does not need to increase the reinforcement for the rigidity required in the construction stage; The adjustable pulling mold 2 also solves the problem of placing the prefabricated part 31 of the composite slab of the floor slab 3, and can be placed directly on it.

[0074] Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments of the accompanying drawings, and a person skilled in the art can make various variations of the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, certain details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention shall be protected by the scope defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. The support-free installation structure of the composite beam and the composite plate is characterized in that: include: A prefabricated composite beam part, wherein both ends of the prefabricated composite beam part are arranged on the main structure; An adjustable pulling mold, the adjustable pulling mold comprises two casting molds and pulling pieces, the two casting molds are pulled on both sides of the prefabricated part of the composite beam through the pulling pieces and support the prefabricated part of the composite beam, the two casting molds and the prefabricated part of the composite beam form a casting space for the post-cast part of the composite beam; both ends of the casting mold are supported on the main structure; A prefabricated part of the laminated slab is placed on top of the casting mold.

2. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second casting mold is provided with a plurality of height adjustment holes for the tensioning installation of the tensioning members at intervals along the beam height direction.

3. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The casting mold comprises a casting template and a plate surface reinforcement structure frame; the plate surface reinforcement structure frame is arranged on the outer side of the casting template, and the height adjustment hole is arranged on the plate surface reinforcement structure frame.

4. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The panel reinforcement structure frame is a truss structure, which includes an upper chord, a lower chord, diagonal webs and straight bars, at least the upper chord is attached to the top of the casting template and is flush with the top surface of the casting template; the diagonal webs and the straight bars are arranged between the upper chord and the lower chord; and a plurality of height adjustment holes are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the straight bars.

5. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The panel reinforcement structural frame includes a first structural rib, a second structural rib and a vertical straight rib; the first structural rib is attached to the top of the casting template and is flush with the top surface of the casting template; the second structural rib is attached to the bottom of the casting template, and the vertical straight rib is connected between the first structural rib and the second structural rib; the plurality of height adjustment holes are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vertical straight rib.

6. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The prefabricated part of the composite beam includes a prefabricated beam and structural reinforcement. The bottom of the structural reinforcement is buried in the prefabricated beam, and a composite beam casting space is formed above the prefabricated beam.

7. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height of the prefabricated beam is not higher than half of the height of the composite beam.

8. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tensioning member is a first tensioning screw rod, and the prefabricated beam is provided with a tensioning through hole along the beam width direction for the first tensioning screw rod to pass through.

9. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tensioning member includes at least a first mounting screw and a second mounting screw; the first mounting screw and the second mounting screw are installed between two rows of panel reinforcement structure frames and are located below the prefabricated beam; the two ends of the first mounting screw and the second mounting screw are respectively tightened against the inner and outer sides of the panel reinforcement structure frame through nuts to form a stable support.

10. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main structure is a structural column, a support is provided on the structural column, and the plate surface reinforcement structure is erected on the support.

11. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 10, characterized in that: The support includes a second tension screw and a support seat, the second tension screw is tensioned and penetrates the structural column, and the support seat is installed on the end of the second tension screw through a nut.

12. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structural reinforcement at least includes composite beam prestressed reinforcement, composite beam stirrups and composite beam surface reinforcement; the composite beam prestressed reinforcement is arranged in the precast beam, the bottom of the composite beam stirrups is buried in the precast beam, and the composite beam surface reinforcement is arranged on the top of the composite beam stirrups.

13. The support-free installation structure of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two post-dismantling strips are arranged side by side in the casting space of the post-cast part of the composite beam; the two post-dismantling strips in the composite beam are removed after being cast in the casting space of the post-cast part of the composite beam to form an H-shaped composite beam.

14. The method for installing a composite beam and a composite plate without support as claimed in claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: include: Assembly: Install two rows of casting molds on both sides of the prefabricated part of the composite beam through tensioning members; Hoisting: Hoist the assembled prefabricated parts of the composite beam onto the main structure; Installation: Place the prefabricated section of the composite slab on top of the casting formwork.

15. The method for installing a composite beam and a composite plate without support as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that: The prefabricated part of the composite beam is prefabricated and placed on the adjustable tensioning die; or, a bottom die is laid on the adjustable tensioning die, and the prefabricated part of the composite beam is cast and formed on the adjustable tensioning die.

16. The method for supporting-free installation of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 14, characterized in that: The casting mold includes a casting template and a plate surface reinforcement structure frame; during assembly, the plate surface reinforcement structure is set on the outside of the casting template, and then assembled as a whole through the tensioning members.

17. The support-free installation method of a composite beam and a composite plate according to claim 16, characterized in that: A plurality of height adjustment holes for installing the tension members at different heights are provided at intervals along the beam height direction on the panel reinforcement structure frame; a plurality of casting templates adapted to different composite beam height specifications are provided; the top of the casting template is rested on the prefabricated part of the composite panel, and the height of the panel structure frame is adjusted by adjusting the positions of the height adjustment holes of the tension members at different heights, so as to keep the top surface of the panel structure frame flush with the top surface of the casting template.

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