Hazardous solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste solid waste recovery, and provides a hazardous waste solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace which comprises a furnace body, a base is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the furnace body, a separation mechanism is arranged at one end of the top of the base and comprises a fire-resistant box fixedly connected to the top of the base, and a separation box is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fire-resistant box; a molten liquid discharging channel is formed in the bottom end of the furnace body, an obliquely-arranged separating plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the separating box, a molten liquid outlet is formed in the separating plate, a slag outlet is formed in the top end of the separating box, a discharging port is formed in the bottom end of the separating box, and a heat preservation cavity is formed between the fireproof box and the separating box. One end of the top of the fire-resistant box is fixedly connected with a smoke guide pipe, and the other end of the top of the fire-resistant box is fixedly connected with a smoke outlet pipe communicated with the interior of the heat preservation cavity. According to the invention, flue gas heat can be recycled, and the problem of condensation caused by heat loss after molten liquid is transferred out of the furnace can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste and solid waste recycling, and in particular to a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] Solid wastes containing heavy metals are mostly hazardous wastes. For the harmless treatment of hazardous wastes, the most widely used process is the pyrometallurgical extraction and recovery of valuable heavy metals. The smelting process is: solid waste containing valuable metals, coke and flux limestone are added into a heating furnace, the charge is melted and tempered in a high-temperature furnace, the material in the furnace undergoes certain physical and chemical changes, and a pyrometallurgical process is performed to produce crude metals or metal enrichments and slag. There are some problems with traditional smelting furnaces. After liquefaction, the molten charge continuously drips into the molten liquid at the bottom of the furnace body. The molten liquid is in a boiling state. Part of the molten liquid has not reacted completely or has not been effectively stratified and settled to the bottom, so it is discharged from the slag outlet together with the floating slag, causing the metal to be lost with the slag, which also affects the reuse of the slag.

[0003] In this regard, the Chinese patent publication number CN112080643B discloses "a solid waste smelting furnace used in a method for efficiently recovering metals from solid waste by smelting method, comprising a furnace body, a feed port on the top of the furnace body, a smelting zone on the upper part of the furnace body, a melting zone on the lower part of the furnace body, an oxygen-enriched hot air inlet in the middle and lower part of the furnace body, in particular: a molten liquid discharge port is provided on one side of the melting zone in the lower part of the furnace body, a molten liquid separation zone is provided outside the discharge port, a molten liquid collecting zone is provided below the molten liquid separation zone, a molten liquid discharge port is provided at the bottom of the molten liquid separation zone and is connected to the molten liquid collecting zone, a discharge port is provided at the lower part of the molten liquid collecting zone and is connected to a product copper mold, and a slag discharge port is provided at the upper part of the molten liquid separation zone and is connected to a slag bag".

[0004] This patent changes the original method of direct slag discharge from the furnace wall of the smelting furnace to a method of clarification outside the furnace, with the aim of increasing the clarification and separation time of the molten liquid so that the slag in the molten liquid can fully float up. However, there are still certain technical defects in the actual implementation process: During the slag removal process, the molten liquid needs to be discharged from the smelting furnace to the outside for clarification and separation. This process will cause the heat loss of the molten liquid, which will cause the edge of a part of the molten liquid layer to condense easily, which will cause a certain loss of the molten liquid; During the smelting process of the smelting furnace, the exhaust gas from the exhaust port will carry a large amount of heat, but the patent does not recycle the heat of the flue gas, thus causing a waste of energy. In view of this, the present invention proposes a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace, which solves the problem in the prior art that clarifying molten liquid outside the smelting furnace will cause the molten liquid to lose heat and condense.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace comprises a furnace body, the bottom end of the furnace body is fixedly connected to a base, one end of the top of the base is provided with a separation mechanism, the separation mechanism comprises a refractory box fixedly connected to the top of the base, the inner side of the refractory box is fixedly connected to a separation box, the bottom end of the furnace body is provided with a molten liquid discharge channel communicating with the interior of the separation box, the middle part of the inner side of the separation box is fixedly connected with an inclined separation plate, the separation plate is provided with a molten liquid outlet, the top of the separation box is provided with a slag outlet, the bottom end of the separation box is provided with a discharge port, an insulation chamber is provided between the refractory box and the separation box, one end of the top of the refractory box is fixedly connected with a flue gas duct connected to the interior of the insulation chamber, the inlet end of the flue gas duct is connected to the flue gas outlet of the furnace body, and the other end of the top of the refractory box is fixedly connected with a smoke outlet pipe connected to the interior of the insulation chamber.

[0007] Preferably, an air intake mechanism is provided at the top of the insulation box, and the air intake mechanism includes a heat exchange tube fixedly connected to the top of the insulation box, and the inner side of the insulation box is fixedly connected to the heat exchange tube, and the inlet end of the heat exchange tube is provided with a thermal drive mechanism for introducing the flue gas at the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe into the heat exchange tube by absorbing the heat of the flue gas. One end of the insulation box is provided with an air inlet for introducing air, and the other end of the insulation box is provided with an air supply component for introducing the air inside the insulation box into the air inlet end of the furnace body by cooperating with the start-up of the thermal drive mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of first partitions are fixedly connected to the inner side of the thermal insulation box, and the plurality of first partitions are staggered and distributed up and down along the length direction of the first partition, and the plurality of first partitions form an S-shaped channel.

[0009] Preferably, the air delivery member includes a cylinder, one end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe, the inlet end of the air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the heat preservation box, the other end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet end of the furnace body, the inner side of the cylinder is rotatably connected to an air suction impeller, one side of the air suction impeller is coaxially fixedly connected to a first bevel gear, and the inner side of the cylinder is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear.

[0010] Preferably, the heat driving mechanism includes an insulation cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the refractory box, a sealing cylinder is concentrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the insulation cylinder, a heating chamber is opened between the sealing cylinder and the insulation cylinder, the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe is connected to the interior of the heating chamber, the inner side of the sealing cylinder is slidably connected with a first piston, one end of the sealing cylinder is filled with heat-sensitive gas, a cooling pipe for cooling the heat-sensitive gas is arranged on the outer side of the insulation cylinder, a return spring is sleeved on the other end of the sealing cylinder, one end of the return spring is in contact with the first piston, and the other end of the return spring is in contact with the inner wall of the sealing cylinder, a linkage part is arranged on the outer side of the sealing cylinder for driving the second bevel gear to rotate by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston, and a negative pressure part is arranged at one end of the heating chamber for guiding the smoke inside the heating chamber into the heat exchange tube by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling pipe fitting includes a U-shaped tube, both ends of which are respectively located on both sides of the first piston, one end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the sealing tube, and the other end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the sealing tube, the outlet end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the first air outlet one-way valve, and the inlet end of the U-shaped tube is fixedly connected to the first air intake one-way valve.

[0012] Preferably, the gas flow direction of the first gas outlet one-way valve is guided from the U-shaped tube to the inside of the sealing tube, and the gas flow direction of the first gas inlet one-way valve is guided from the inside of the sealing tube to the U-shaped tube.

[0013] Preferably, the linkage member includes a first sliding rod passing through the side wall of the sealing cylinder, the first sliding rod is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder, one end of the first sliding rod is fixedly connected to the first piston, the other end of the first sliding rod is hinged with a connecting rod, the second bevel gear is coaxially fixedly connected with a cam, and the outer edge of the cam is rotatably connected to the connecting rod through a pin shaft.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of second baffles are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heating chamber, and the plurality of second baffles are staggered and distributed up and down along the length direction of the heating chamber, and the plurality of second baffles form an S-shaped channel in the heating chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the negative pressure member includes an air guide cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the insulation cylinder, the air guide cylinder is slidably connected to the inner side of the air guide cylinder, one end of the air guide cylinder is slidably connected to the second piston, and one end of the air guide cylinder is slidably connected to the second sliding rod that penetrates the side wall of the air guide cylinder, one end of the second sliding rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the bottom end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a guide rod, the guide rod penetrates the side wall of the sealing cylinder and extends to the inside of the sealing cylinder, the guide rod is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder, and the guide rod is away from the connecting plate. One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to one side of the first piston at the bottom of the air guide cylinder is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe connected to the inside of the heating chamber, the inlet end of the smoke inlet pipe is fixedly connected to a second air inlet check valve, one end of the top of the air guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the smoke outlet pipe, the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe is connected to the heat exchange pipe, and the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the second air outlet check valve.

[0016] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The molten liquid inside the furnace body is introduced into the separation box through the molten liquid discharge channel. The molten metal sinks through the molten liquid outlet and is discharged from the discharge port, and the slag floats and is discharged from the slag outlet. The insulation chamber can reduce the heat loss of the molten liquid inside the separation box. At the same time, the flue gas duct introduces the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the furnace body into the insulation chamber, which can indirectly heat the molten liquid inside the separation box, so that the molten liquid is kept in a boiling state for clarification and separation. This can not only realize the reuse of flue gas heat, but also avoid the problem of condensation caused by heat loss after the molten liquid is transferred to the outside of the furnace; 2. Air is introduced into the heat preservation box through the air inlet, and the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the smoke outlet pipe is introduced into the heat exchange tube through the heat drive mechanism, so that the air exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube, which makes the air absorption amount heated, and the S-shaped channel formed by the first partitions can extend the flow distance of the air, so that the air can absorb more heat to heat up, and then the hot air is introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body through the air delivery member, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas can be reused, which greatly saves energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air intake mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air delivery member of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage member of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second baffle of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the negative pressure member of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. base; 3. separation mechanism; 31. refractory box; 32. separation box; 33. melt discharge channel; 34. insulation chamber; 35. smoke duct; 36. separation plate; 37. melt outlet; 38. discharge port; 39. slag outlet; 30. smoke outlet; 4. air intake mechanism; 41. insulation box; 42. air intake; 43. air delivery member; 431. cylinder; 432. air intake pipe; 433. air outlet pipe; 434. suction impeller; 435. first bevel gear; 436. second bevel gear; 44. heat exchange tube; 45. first partition; 5. heat drive mechanism; 51. insulation cylinder ; 52. Sealing tube; 53. First piston; 54. Thermosensitive gas; 55. Heating chamber; 56. Second partition; 57. Linkage member; 571. First slide bar; 572. Connecting rod; 573. Cam; 58. Negative pressure member; 581. Air guide tube; 582. Second piston; 583. Second slide bar; 584. Connecting plate; 585. Guide rod; 586. Smoke inlet pipe; 587. Second inlet check valve; 588. Smoke outlet pipe; 589. Second outlet check valve; 59. Cooling pipe; 591. U-shaped pipe; 592. First outlet check valve; 593. First inlet check valve; 50. Return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 to Figure 9As shown, this embodiment proposes a hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace, including a furnace body 1, the bottom end of the furnace body 1 is fixedly connected to a base 2, one end of the top of the base 2 is provided with a separation mechanism 3, the separation mechanism 3 includes a refractory box 31 fixedly connected to the top of the base 2, the inner side of the refractory box 31 is fixedly connected to a separation box 32, the separation box 32 is made of refractory bricks, the bottom end of the furnace body 1 is provided with a molten liquid discharge channel 33 connected to the inside of the separation box 32, and the middle part of the inner side of the separation box 32 is fixedly connected with an inclined arrangement A separation plate 36 is provided with a molten liquid outlet 37, a slag outlet 39 is provided at the top of the separation box 32, a material outlet 38 is provided at the bottom of the separation box 32, an insulation chamber 34 is provided between the refractory box 31 and the separation box 32, one end of the top of the refractory box 31 is fixedly connected to a smoke duct 35 connected to the inside of the insulation chamber 34, the inlet end of the smoke duct 35 is connected to the smoke outlet of the furnace body 1, and the other end of the top of the refractory box 31 is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe 30 connected to the inside of the insulation chamber 34.

[0022] The molten liquid inside the furnace body 1 is introduced into the separation box 32 through the molten liquid discharge channel 33, the molten metal sinks through the molten liquid outlet 37 and is discharged from the discharge port 38, the slag floats and is discharged from the slag outlet 39, and the insulation chamber 34 can reduce the heat loss of the molten liquid inside the separation box 32. At the same time, the flue gas duct 35 introduces the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the furnace body 1 into the insulation chamber 34, which can indirectly heat the molten liquid inside the separation box 32, so that the molten liquid can be kept in a boiling state for clarification and separation. This not only realizes the reuse of the flue gas heat, but also avoids the problem of condensation caused by heat loss after the molten liquid is transferred to the outside of the furnace.

[0023] Furthermore, an air intake mechanism 4 is provided at the top of the heat preservation box 41, and the air intake mechanism 4 includes a heat exchange tube 44 fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat preservation box 41, and a plurality of first partitions 45 fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat preservation box 41, and the plurality of first partitions 45 are staggered and distributed up and down along the length direction of the first partition 45, and the plurality of first partitions 45 form an S-shaped channel, and a heat drive mechanism 5 is provided at the inlet end of the heat exchange tube 44 for introducing the flue gas at the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe 30 into the inside of the heat exchange tube 44 by absorbing the heat of the flue gas, an air inlet 42 for introducing air is provided at one end of the heat preservation box 41, and an air supply member 43 is provided at the other end of the heat preservation box 41 for introducing the air inside the heat preservation box 41 into the air intake end of the furnace body 1 by cooperating with the start-up of the heat drive mechanism 5.

[0024] Air is introduced into the heat preservation box 41 through the air inlet 42, and the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the smoke outlet pipe 30 is introduced into the heat exchange tube 44 through the heat drive mechanism 5, so that the air exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube 44, which makes the air absorption amount heated, and the S-shaped channel formed by the first partitions 45 can extend the flow distance of the air, so that the air can absorb more heat to heat up, and then the hot air is introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air delivery member 43, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas can be reused, which greatly saves energy.

[0025] Further, the air delivery member 43 includes a cylinder 431, one end of which is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe 432, the inlet end of which is fixedly connected to the heat preservation box 41, the other end of which is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe 433, the air outlet pipe 433 is connected to the air inlet end of the furnace body 1, the inner side of the cylinder 431 is rotatably connected to an air suction impeller 434, one side of which is coaxially fixedly connected to a first bevel gear 435, and the inner side of the cylinder 431 is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear 436 meshing with the first bevel gear 435. The first bevel gear 435 can be synchronously rotated by driving the second bevel gear 436 to rotate, which causes the air suction impeller 434 to rotate, so that the pressure at the inlet end of the cylinder 431 is reduced, and the hot air inside the heat preservation box 41 is sucked out and introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air outlet pipe 433, thereby realizing the supply of hot air inside the furnace body 1.

[0026] Furthermore, the heat drive mechanism 5 includes a heat preservation tube 51 fixedly connected to the top of the refractory box 31, a sealing tube 52 is concentrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat preservation tube 51, a heating chamber 55 is opened between the sealing tube 52 and the heat preservation tube 51, the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe 30 is connected to the inside of the heating chamber 55, a plurality of second baffles 56 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heating chamber 55, the plurality of second baffles 56 are staggered up and down along the length direction of the heating chamber 55, and the plurality of second baffles 56 form an S-shaped channel in the heating chamber 55, a first piston 53 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sealing tube 52, one end of the sealing tube 52 is filled with a heat-sensitive gas 54, a cooling pipe 59 for cooling the heat-sensitive gas 54 is arranged on the outer side of the heat preservation tube 51, and the cooling pipe 59 includes a U-shaped tube 591, the two ends of the U-shaped tube 591 are respectively located on both sides of the first piston 53, and one end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the sealing tube 52. The other end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the sealing tube 52, and the outlet end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected with a first air outlet check valve 592, and the inlet end of the U-shaped tube 591 is fixedly connected with a first air inlet check valve 593. The gas flow direction of the first air outlet check valve 592 is guided by the U-shaped tube 591 to the inside of the sealing tube 52, and the gas flow direction of the first air inlet check valve 593 is introduced from the inside of the sealing tube 52 into the U-shaped tube 591. A return spring 50 is sleeved on the other end of the inside of the sealing tube 52, one end of the return spring 50 is in contact with the first piston 53, and the other end of the return spring 50 is in contact with the inner wall of the sealing tube 52. A linkage part 57 is provided on the outer side of the sealing tube 52 to drive the second bevel gear 436 to rotate by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston 53, and a negative pressure part 58 is provided at one end of the heating chamber 55 to guide the flue gas inside the heating chamber 55 into the inside of the heat exchange tube 44 by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston 53.

[0027] The high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the heating chamber 55 through the smoke outlet pipe 30, which increases the temperature inside the sealing tube 52 and expands the heat-sensitive gas 54. This causes one side of the first piston 53 to slide under the air pressure of the heat-sensitive gas 54. At this time, the return spring 50 is compressed and accumulates potential energy. When the first piston 53 slides over the inlet end of the U-shaped tube 591, the heat-sensitive gas 54 is introduced into the U-shaped tube 591, and part of the U-shaped tube 591 is located on the outside of the sealing tube 52 and contacts the air. This causes the heat-sensitive gas 54 inside the U-shaped tube 591 to exchange heat with the external cold air to achieve cooling. The cooled heat-sensitive gas 54 is introduced into the sealing tube 52 again through the first air outlet one-way valve 592, causing the internal pressure of the sealing tube 52 to decrease temporarily. At this time, the return spring 50 releases the potential energy and causes the first piston 5 3 reverse sliding, when the heat-sensitive gas 54 is heated again, the first piston 53 will slide again under the pressure of the heat-sensitive gas 54, and the first piston 53 can slide back and forth in this cycle, so that the linkage 57 drives the second bevel gear 436 to rotate, so that the first bevel gear 435 rotates synchronously, which makes the suction impeller 434 rotate, so that the pressure at the inlet end of the cylinder 431 is reduced, so that the hot air inside the heat preservation box 41 is sucked out and introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air outlet pipe 433, so as to realize the supply of hot air inside the furnace body 1, and the negative pressure member 58 introduces the flue gas inside the heating chamber 55 into the heat exchange tube 44, and the air inside the heat preservation box 41 exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube 44, so that the air absorption amount is heated, and the heat of the flue gas is fully utilized.

[0028] Furthermore, the linkage member 57 includes a first slide bar 571 that passes through the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52, the first slide bar 571 is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52, one end of the first slide bar 571 is fixedly connected to the first piston 53, the other end of the first slide bar 571 is hinged with a connecting rod 572, the second bevel gear 436 is coaxially fixedly connected with a cam 573, the outer edge of the cam 573 is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 572 through a pin shaft, and the negative pressure member 58 includes an air guide cylinder 581 that is fixedly connected to the top of the heat preservation cylinder 51, the inner side of the air guide cylinder 581 is slidably connected to the second piston 582, one end of the air guide cylinder 581 is slidably connected to a second slide bar 583 that passes through the side wall of the air guide cylinder 581, one end of the second slide bar 583 is fixedly connected to the second piston 582, the other end of the second slide bar 583 One end is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 584, and the bottom end of the connecting plate 584 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 585, which penetrates the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52 and extends to the inner side of the sealing cylinder 52, and the guide rod 585 is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder 52, and the end of the guide rod 585 away from the connecting plate 584 is fixedly connected to one side of the first piston 53, one end of the bottom of the air guide cylinder 581 is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe 586 connected to the inside of the heating chamber 55, and the inlet end of the smoke inlet pipe 586 is fixedly connected to a second air inlet check valve 587, and one end of the top of the air guide cylinder 581 is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe 588, and the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe 588 is connected to the heat exchange pipe 44, and the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe 588 is fixedly connected to a second air outlet check valve 589.

[0029] Working principle: The molten liquid in the furnace body 1 is introduced into the separation box 32 through the molten liquid discharge channel 33, the molten metal sinks through the molten liquid outlet 37 and is discharged from the discharge port 38, and the slag floats and is discharged from the slag outlet 39, while the heat preservation chamber 34 can reduce the heat loss of the molten liquid in the separation box 32. At the same time, the flue gas duct 35 introduces the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the furnace body 1 into the heat preservation chamber 34, so that the molten liquid in the separation box 32 can be indirectly heated, so that the molten liquid is kept in a boiling state for clarification and separation; The high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the heating chamber 55 through the smoke outlet pipe 30, which increases the temperature inside the sealing tube 52 and expands the thermosensitive gas 54 due to the heat. This causes one side of the first piston 53 to slide under the air pressure of the thermosensitive gas 54. At this time, the return spring 50 is compressed and accumulates potential energy. When the first piston 53 slides over the inlet end of the U-shaped tube 591, the thermosensitive gas 54 will be introduced into the U-shaped tube 591, and part of the U-shaped tube 591 is located on the outside of the sealing tube 52 and contacts the air. This causes the thermosensitive gas 54 inside the U-shaped tube 591 to exchange heat with the external cold air for cooling. The cooled thermosensitive gas 54 is introduced into the sealing tube 52 again through the first air outlet one-way valve 592, causing the internal pressure of the sealing tube 52 to decrease temporarily. At this time, the return spring 50 releases the potential energy and causes the first piston 53 to slide in the opposite direction. After the gas 54 is heated up again, the first piston 53 will slide again under the action of the gas pressure of the heat-sensitive gas 54, and the cycle will continue. The first piston 53 can slide back and forth, so that the guide rod 585 can slide back and forth, and the connecting plate 584 can drive the second slide rod 583 to slide back and forth, which can also make the second piston 582 slide back and forth, so that the pressure inside the air guide cylinder 581 increases and decreases periodically. When the pressure inside the air guide cylinder 581 decreases, the flue gas inlet pipe 586 guides the high-temperature flue gas into the air guide cylinder 581. When the pressure inside the air guide cylinder 581 increases, the flue gas outlet pipe 588 guides the high-temperature flue gas in the air guide cylinder 581 into the heat exchange tube 44 inside the heat preservation box 41, so that the air inside the heat preservation box 41 exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas in the heat exchange tube 44, which makes the air absorption amount heated, and thus realizes the reuse of the heat of the high-temperature flue gas. When the first piston 53 slides back and forth, the first slide bar 571 can slide back and forth, so that the connecting rod 572 drives the cam 573 to rotate, which makes the second bevel gear 436 rotate, and the first bevel gear 435 rotates synchronously, which makes the suction impeller 434 rotate, so that the pressure at the inlet end of the cylinder 431 is reduced, and the hot air inside the insulation box 41 is sucked out and introduced into the air inlet end of the furnace body 1 through the air outlet pipe 433. This process can convert the thermal energy of the high-temperature flue gas into mechanical energy to provide power for the air supply of the furnace body 1, greatly improving the utilization rate of the flue gas heat and further saving energy.

[0030] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein the bottom end of the furnace body (1) is fixedly connected to a base (2), characterized in that: A separation mechanism (3) is provided at one end of the top of the base (2), the separation mechanism (3) comprising a refractory box (31) fixedly connected to the top of the base (2), a separation box (32) fixedly connected to the inner side of the refractory box (31), a molten liquid discharge channel (33) communicating with the interior of the separation box (32) is provided at the bottom end of the furnace body (1), an inclined separation plate (36) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side of the separation box (32), a molten liquid outlet (37) is provided on the separation plate (36), and the separation box ( A slag outlet (39) is provided at the top end of the separation box (32), a material outlet (38) is provided at the bottom end of the separation box (32), a heat preservation chamber (34) is provided between the refractory box (31) and the separation box (32), one end of the top of the refractory box (31) is fixedly connected to a smoke duct (35) connected to the inside of the heat preservation chamber (34), an inlet end of the smoke duct (35) is connected to the smoke outlet of the furnace body (1), and the other end of the top of the refractory box (31) is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe (30) connected to the inside of the heat preservation chamber (34).

2. A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake mechanism (4) is provided at the top of the heat preservation box (41), the air intake mechanism (4) comprising a heat exchange tube (44) fixedly connected to the top of the heat preservation box (41), a heat exchange tube (44) fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat preservation box (41), a heat drive mechanism (5) being provided at the inlet end of the heat exchange tube (44) for introducing the smoke from the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (30) into the interior of the heat exchange tube (44) by absorbing the heat of the smoke, an air intake port (42) for introducing air is provided at one end of the heat preservation box (41), and an air delivery member (43) is provided at the other end of the heat preservation box (41) for introducing the air inside the heat preservation box (41) into the air intake end of the furnace body (1) by cooperating with the start of the heat drive mechanism (5).

3. A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first baffles (45) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heat preservation box (41); the plurality of first baffles (45) are staggeredly distributed up and down along the length direction of the first baffles (45); the plurality of first baffles (45) form an S-shaped channel.

4. A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air delivery member (43) comprises a cylinder (431), one end of the cylinder (431) is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe (432), the inlet end of the air inlet pipe (432) is fixedly connected to the heat preservation box (41), the other end of the cylinder (431) is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (433), the air outlet pipe (433) is connected to the air inlet end of the furnace body (1), the inner side of the cylinder (431) is rotatably connected to an air suction impeller (434), one side of the air suction impeller (434) is coaxially fixedly connected to a first bevel gear (435), and the inner side of the cylinder (431) is rotatably connected to a second bevel gear (436) meshing with the first bevel gear (435).

5. A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat drive mechanism (5) comprises a heat preservation tube (51) fixedly connected to the top of the refractory box (31); a sealing tube (52) is fixedly connected concentrically to the inner side of the heat preservation tube (51); a heating chamber (55) is provided between the sealing tube (52) and the heat preservation tube (51); the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (30) is connected to the interior of the heating chamber (55); a first piston (53) is slidably connected to the inner side of the sealing tube (52); one end of the interior of the sealing tube (52) is filled with a heat-sensitive gas (54); and a cooling tube for cooling the heat-sensitive gas (54) is provided on the outer side of the heat preservation tube (51). A member (59) is provided inside the sealing cylinder (52), a return spring (50) is sleeved on the other end thereof, one end of the return spring (50) contacts the first piston (53), and the other end of the return spring (50) contacts the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (52), a linkage member (57) is provided on the outer side of the sealing cylinder (52) for driving the second bevel gear (436) to rotate by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston (53), and a negative pressure member (58) is provided at one end of the heating chamber (55) for guiding the flue gas inside the heating chamber (55) into the interior of the heat exchange tube (44) by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the first piston (53).

6. A hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling pipe member (59) comprises a U-shaped tube (591), the two ends of the U-shaped tube (591) are respectively located on both sides of the first piston (53), one end of the U-shaped tube (591) is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the sealing cylinder (52), and the other end of the U-shaped tube (591) is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the sealing cylinder (52), the outlet end of the U-shaped tube (591) is fixedly connected to the first air outlet check valve (592), and the inlet end of the U-shaped tube (591) is fixedly connected to the first air intake check valve (593).

7. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The gas flow direction of the first gas outlet one-way valve (592) is guided from the U-shaped tube (591) to the inside of the sealing tube (52), and the gas flow direction of the first gas inlet one-way valve (593) is guided from the inside of the sealing tube (52) to the U-shaped tube (591).

8. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linkage member (57) comprises a first sliding rod (571) penetrating the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52); the first sliding rod (571) is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52); one end of the first sliding rod (571) is fixedly connected to the first piston (53); the other end of the first sliding rod (571) is hingedly connected to a connecting rod (572); the second bevel gear (436) is coaxially fixedly connected to a cam (573); and the outer edge of the cam (573) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (572) via a pin shaft.

9. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of second baffles (56) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the heating chamber (55); the plurality of second baffles (56) are staggeredly distributed up and down along the length direction of the heating chamber (55); the plurality of second baffles (56) form an S-shaped channel in the heating chamber (55).

10. The hazardous waste and solid waste treatment and recovery smelting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure member (58) comprises an air guide cylinder (581) fixedly connected to the top of the heat-insulating cylinder (51); a second piston (582) is slidably connected to the inner side of the air guide cylinder (581); a second sliding rod (583) penetrating the side wall of the air guide cylinder (581) is slidably connected to one end of the air guide cylinder (581); one end of the second sliding rod (583) is fixedly connected to the second piston (582); the other end of the second sliding rod (583) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (584); the bottom end of the connecting plate (584) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (585); the guide rod (585) penetrates the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52) and extends to the inner side of the sealing cylinder (52); the guide rod (585) is The guide rod (585) is slidably connected to the side wall of the sealing cylinder (52); one end of the guide rod (585) away from the connecting plate (584) is fixedly connected to one side of the first piston (53); one end of the bottom of the air guide cylinder (581) is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe (586) connected to the interior of the heating chamber (55); the inlet end of the smoke inlet pipe (586) is fixedly connected to a second air inlet check valve (587); one end of the top of the air guide cylinder (581) is fixedly connected to a smoke outlet pipe (588); the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (588) is connected to the heat exchange pipe (44); and the outlet end of the smoke outlet pipe (588) is fixedly connected to a second air outlet check valve (589).

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