Distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment income calculation and investment evaluation method

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment income calculation and investment evaluation method. The distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment assessment method comprises the following steps: S1, knowing project general situation and natural conditions, communicating with clients, knowing project requirements including power generation scale, installation site and grid connection mode, carrying out on-site investigation, knowing natural conditions of a project location, such as illumination resources, climate conditions and geographical conditions, collecting project related data, and carrying out project management; such as local electricity price, subsidy policy and grid connection policy; and S2, based on the step S1, carrying out main equipment type selection and technical scheme optimization, and selecting a proper photovoltaic module according to a project general situation and natural conditions. According to the distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment income measuring and calculating and investment evaluation method provided by the invention, the optimal scheme can be selected through comprehensive analysis of the project, so that the economic benefit of the project can be improved, and better investment benefit can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular relates to a method for calculating investment income and evaluating investment in a distributed photovoltaic power generation project. Background Art

[0002] In the past year, China's distributed power generation projects have maintained a trend of cold outside and hot inside development. With the advancement of technological innovation and incentive policies, China's distributed power generation system has basically formed a stable technology and industrial system, and the power generation system has also developed rapidly in terms of setting capacity.

[0003] Although these projects have made bold attempts and breakthroughs in the use of clean energy and energy-saving methods, the comprehensive evaluation and optimization methods of the entire project are of greatest concern to investors and are difficult to predict. In addition, the investment returns of different entities such as investors and operators under different operating models are closely related to grid-connected technology and electricity price mechanisms, and the calculation is very complicated. There has been no in-depth systematic research in the past. In the economic evaluation of projects, investors have always used relatively rough calculation methods, resulting in inaccurate predictions and serious losses in many projects after operation. There is no evaluation and calculation method for the entire life cycle of the project (the life cycle cost (LCC) is also called the life cycle cost, which is the total cost consumed by the government or project to set up and obtain the system and the system throughout its life). At the same time, previous studies have focused on the study of power generation costs, and have not included the return on investment of electricity charges as an important indicator to be considered in investment decisions. In the optimization analysis of projects, investors often only consider the final benefits of the project, but ignore the impact on the distribution network, as well as the ability of the distribution network to accept distributed power sources and a series of costs such as transformation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment return calculation and investment evaluation method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the investment income and evaluating the investment of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects, which can select the best solution through comprehensive analysis of the project, thereby improving the economic benefits of the project and achieving better investment benefits.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: S1. Understand the project overview and natural conditions, communicate with customers, understand project requirements, including power generation scale, installation location and grid connection method, conduct on-site surveys, understand the natural conditions of the project location, such as light resources, climate conditions, and geographical conditions, and collect project-related information, such as local electricity prices, subsidy policies, and grid connection policies;

[0007] S2. Based on step S1, select the main equipment and optimize the technical solution. According to the project overview and natural conditions, select appropriate photovoltaic modules, inverters and brackets, optimize the technical solution, including the arrangement of photovoltaic arrays, series-parallel schemes, photovoltaic tracking systems, and formulate a construction plan, including installation sequence, construction technology and quality control;

[0008] S3. Project management and investment control: establish a project management team, clarify the responsibilities and division of labor of project team members, formulate a project schedule, including major nodes, time arrangement, resource allocation, and implement investment control, including budget preparation, cost forecasting, cost tracking and control;

[0009] S4. Make a rough estimate of project investment, analyze the economic benefits of the project, including the calculation and analysis of indicators such as internal rate of return (IRR), net present value (NPV), and payback period, and prepare an investment evaluation report, including project overview, investment estimate, economic benefit analysis, and risk analysis;

[0010] Through the above detailed steps, a detailed investment evaluation of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be carried out to provide a basis for project decision-making.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the understanding of the project overview and natural conditions specifically includes the following:

[0012] (1). Understand, investigate and analyze the solar energy resources in the region;

[0013] (2) Understand, investigate and analyze the meteorological conditions in the area;

[0014] (3) Understand, investigate and analyze the geological conditions of the area.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the main equipment selection and technical solution optimization specifically include the following:

[0016] (1) Select photovoltaic modules according to the annular conditions of the area;

[0017] (2) Select the inverter according to the ring conditions of the area;

[0018] (3) Select the photovoltaic array tracking method and optimal tilt angle according to the annular conditions of the area;

[0019] (4) Develop a cleaning plan for photovoltaic modules based on the annular conditions in the area.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, the project management and investment control specifically include the following:

[0021] (1) Study local policies;

[0022] (2) Conduct market research and investment control;

[0023] (3) Carry out resource allocation and project management.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the project investment budget is specifically as follows:

[0025] (1) Investment overview;

[0026] (2) Total project budget;

[0027] (3) Total cost;

[0028] (4) Calculation of power generation revenue.

[0029] The present invention also provides a method for calculating the investment income of a distributed photovoltaic power generation project, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1. Cost of constructing photovoltaic power generation project;

[0031] S2. Profits from photovoltaic power generation projects

[0032] S3. Determine the discount rate for the project;

[0033] S4. Conduct benefit analysis based on traditional investment decisions;

[0034] S5. Introduce the expected investment benefits of environmental value for analysis.

[0035] As a further solution of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation project cost specifically includes the following:

[0036] (1) Analyze the initial investment cost;

[0037] (2) Analyze operating costs;

[0038] (3) Analyze maintenance costs;

[0039] (4) Analyze the failure cost.

[0040] As a further solution of the present invention, the benefits of the photovoltaic power generation project specifically include the following:

[0041] (1). Analyze annual power generation;

[0042] (2) Analyze the on-grid electricity price;

[0043] (3) Analyze the power generation income of photovoltaic power generation projects.

[0044] As a further solution of the present invention, the benefit analysis specifically includes the following:

[0045] (1). Net present value analysis;

[0046] (2) Internal rate of return analysis;

[0047] (3) Payback period analysis;

[0048] (4). Sensitivity analysis.

[0049] As a further solution of the present invention, the expected investment benefit analysis of introducing environmental value specifically includes the following:

[0050] (1). Environmental benefit analysis of photovoltaic power generation projects;

[0051] (2) Analysis of expected investment benefits after introducing environmental value.

[0052] Compared with related technologies, the distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment income calculation and investment evaluation method provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] 1. The present invention improves the economic benefits of the project and achieves better investment benefits by optimizing the project equipment selection and technical solutions, strengthening the budget control in the bidding, construction preparation and construction management stages, etc.;

[0054] 2. The present invention calculates the net present value, internal rate of return and payback period of the project and finds that the project can bring positive cash flow to investors and has positive investment benefits. On this basis, the environmental value is introduced to further analyze the benefits of the project investment. It is found that the introduction of environmental value can significantly improve the investment benefits of photovoltaic power generation projects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method 1, including the following steps:

[0056] S1. Understand the project overview and natural conditions, communicate with customers, understand project requirements, including power generation scale, installation location and grid connection method, conduct on-site surveys, understand the natural conditions of the project location, such as light resources, climate conditions, and geographical conditions, and collect project-related information, such as local electricity prices, subsidy policies, and grid connection policies;

[0057] S2. Based on step S1, select the main equipment and optimize the technical solution. According to the project overview and natural conditions, select appropriate photovoltaic modules, inverters and brackets, optimize the technical solution, including the arrangement of photovoltaic arrays, series-parallel schemes, photovoltaic tracking systems, and formulate a construction plan, including installation sequence, construction technology and quality control;

[0058] S3. Project management and investment control: establish a project management team, clarify the responsibilities and division of labor of project team members, formulate a project schedule, including major nodes, time arrangement, resource allocation, and implement investment control, including budget preparation, cost forecasting, cost tracking and control;

[0059] S4. Carry out project investment estimate based on the results of main equipment selection, technical solution optimization, project management and investment control, analyze the project economic benefits, including calculation and analysis of indicators such as internal rate of return (IRR), net present value (NPV), and payback period, and prepare an investment evaluation report, including project overview, investment estimate, economic benefit analysis, and risk analysis.

[0060] Through the above detailed steps, a detailed investment evaluation of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be carried out to provide a basis for project decision-making.

[0061] The understanding of the project overview and natural conditions specifically includes the following:

[0062] (1). Understand, investigate and analyze the solar energy resources in the region;

[0063] (2) Understand, investigate and analyze the meteorological conditions in the area;

[0064] (3) Understand, investigate and analyze the geological conditions of the area.

[0065] The specific steps are as follows:

[0066] S1.1.1: Collect solar energy resource data for the project site, such as average annual sunshine hours, direct radiation, diffuse radiation, etc.

[0067] Step S1.1.2: Analyze solar energy resource data to understand the abundance and distribution of local solar energy resources.

[0068] Step S1.2.1: Collect meteorological data of the project location, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation, etc.

[0069] Step S1.2.2: Analyze meteorological data to understand the impact of local climate conditions on photovoltaic power generation projects.

[0070] Step S1.3.1: Collect geological data of the project site, such as geological structure, soil type, earthquake intensity, etc.

[0071] Step S1.3.2: Analyze geological data to understand the impact of local geological conditions on photovoltaic power generation projects.

[0072] Through the above detailed steps, we can understand the natural conditions of the project site in detail, providing a basis for the subsequent selection of main equipment and optimization of technical solutions.

[0073] The main equipment selection and technical solution optimization specifically include the following:

[0074] (1) Select photovoltaic modules according to the annular conditions of the area;

[0075] (2) Select the inverter according to the ring conditions of the area;

[0076] (3) Select the photovoltaic array tracking method and optimal tilt angle according to the annular conditions of the area;

[0077] (4) Develop a cleaning plan for photovoltaic modules based on the annular conditions in the area.

[0078] The specific steps are as follows:

[0079] Step S2.1.1: Select appropriate photovoltaic module types, such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, thin-film solar cells, etc., based on the solar energy resources, climate conditions and geographical conditions of the project location.

[0080] Step S2.1.2: Collect relevant data of photovoltaic modules, such as conversion efficiency, power density, service life, etc.

[0081] Step S2.1.3: According to the project requirements, select appropriate photovoltaic modules to meet the power generation requirements.

[0082] Step S2.2.1: Select a suitable inverter type, such as a central inverter, string inverter, micro inverter, etc., based on the grid conditions, power demand and PV module type at the project site.

[0083] Step S2.2.2: Collect relevant data of the inverter, such as conversion efficiency, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) efficiency, voltage range, etc.

[0084] Step S2.2.3: According to the project requirements, select a suitable inverter to meet the power generation requirements and grid connection requirements.

[0085] Step S2.3.1: Select a suitable photovoltaic array tracking method, such as fixed, single-axis tracking, dual-axis tracking, etc., based on the solar energy resources, climate conditions and geographical conditions of the project location.

[0086] Step S2.3.2: Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the photovoltaic array tracking method to determine the optimal tilt angle.

[0087] Step S2.3.3: According to the project requirements, select the appropriate photovoltaic array tracking method and optimal tilt angle to increase power generation.

[0088] Step S2.4.1: Develop a cleaning plan for PV modules, such as cleaning frequency, cleaning methods, and cleaning equipment, based on the climatic conditions, dust deposition, and other factors at the project site.

[0089] Step S2.4.2: Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the cleaning schemes to determine the best cleaning scheme.

[0090] Step S2.4.3: According to the project requirements, select a suitable PV module cleaning solution to ensure the power generation efficiency of the PV module.

[0091] Through the above detailed steps, it is possible to select appropriate main equipment and optimize technical solutions based on the natural conditions of the project location, thereby improving the performance and benefits of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects.

[0092] The project management and investment control specifically include the following:

[0093] (1) Study local policies;

[0094] (2) Conduct market research and investment control;

[0095] (3) Carry out resource allocation and project management.

[0096] The specific steps are as follows:

[0097] Step S3.1.1: Study the subsidy policy, grid connection policy, tax policy, etc. of the project location to understand the economic benefits and risks of the project.

[0098] Step S3.1.2: Track policy changes to adjust project planning and investment strategies in a timely manner.

[0099] Step S3.2.1: Conduct market research to understand market demand, competition, market trends, etc.

[0100] Step S3.2.2: Adjust project planning and investment strategies based on market research results.

[0101] Step S3.2.3: Implement investment control, including budget preparation, cost forecasting, cost tracking and control, etc.

[0102] Step S3.3.1: According to project requirements and resource conditions, carry out resource allocation, such as equipment procurement, manpower arrangement, construction arrangement, etc.

[0103] Step S3.3.2: Develop a project management plan, including schedule plan, quality management plan, safety plan, etc.

[0104] Step S3.3.3: Implement project management to ensure that the project proceeds as planned and resolve any problems that may arise.

[0105] Through the above detailed steps, effective management and investment control of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be carried out to ensure smooth implementation of the project and achieve the expected goals.

[0106] The specific estimated investment of the project is as follows:

[0107] (1) Investment overview;

[0108] (2) Total project budget;

[0109] (3) Total cost;

[0110] (4) Calculation of power generation revenue.

[0111] The specific steps are as follows:

[0112] Step S4.1.1: Prepare an investment overview, including basic information such as project background, scale, investor, and construction period.

[0113] Step S4.1.2: Introduce the significance and necessity of the project, as well as the advantages and potential risks of the project.

[0114] Step S4.2.1: Calculate the total project investment, including equipment purchase, construction and installation, project management, unforeseen expenses, etc.

[0115] Step S4.2.2: Summarize the total project investment and obtain the total project budget.

[0116] Step S4.3.1: Analyze the total cost of the project, including financial cost, operating cost, maintenance cost, etc.

[0117] Step S4.3.2: Forecast the total cost of the project in order to conduct an investment benefit analysis.

[0118] Step S4.4.1: Calculate the power generation revenue during the project life cycle based on factors such as the project's installed capacity, power generation hours, and electricity prices.

[0119] Step S4.4.2: Forecast the net electricity generation revenue of the project, taking into account factors such as subsidies and taxes.

[0120] Step S4.4.3: Conduct project sensitivity analysis to understand the sensitivity of project benefits to key factors.

[0121] Through the above detailed steps, the investment estimate of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be completed, providing a reference for project decision-making.

[0122] This paper studies the total budget, total cost and power generation income estimation of photovoltaic power generation projects, analyzes the investment benefits of photovoltaic power generation projects from both economic and social aspects, and analyzes various influencing factors from the perspectives of natural conditions, equipment and technology levels, electricity price subsidy policies, market environment and management methods for investing in photovoltaic power generation projects.

[0123] By optimizing the project equipment selection and technical solutions, strengthening the budget control in the bidding, construction preparation and construction management stages, etc., the economic benefits of the project were improved and better investment returns were achieved.

[0124] The present invention also provides a method for calculating the investment income of a distributed photovoltaic power generation project, comprising the following steps:

[0125] S1. Cost of constructing photovoltaic power generation project;

[0126] S2. Profits from photovoltaic power generation projects

[0127] S3. Determine the discount rate for the project;

[0128] S4. Conduct benefit analysis based on traditional investment decisions;

[0129] S5. Introduce the expected investment benefits of environmental value for analysis.

[0130] The specific steps are as follows:

[0131] Step S1.1: Calculate the total investment cost of the project, including equipment purchase, construction and installation, project management, unforeseen expenses, etc.

[0132] Step S1.2: Summarize the total investment cost of the project to obtain the total cost.

[0133] Step S2.1: Calculate the power generation revenue during the project life cycle based on factors such as the project's installed capacity, power generation hours, and electricity prices.

[0134] Step S2.2: Considering factors such as subsidies and taxes, predict the net power generation income of the project.

[0135] Step S3.1: Determine the discount rate of the project based on the risk characteristics of the project.

[0136] Step S3.2: Calculate the project's net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and other economic indicators.

[0137] Step S4.1: Based on traditional investment decisions, analyze the economic benefits of the project, such as NPV, IRR and other indicators.

[0138] Step S4.2: Determine the feasibility and investment value of the project based on its economic benefits.

[0139] Step S5.1: Estimate the environmental impact of the project, such as reducing carbon emissions, reducing fossil energy consumption, etc.

[0140] Step S5.2: Determine expectations for environmental values, such as carbon trading, green energy policies, etc.

[0141] Step S5.3: Incorporate environmental value into the project benefit analysis and comprehensively consider the economic and environmental benefits of the project.

[0142] Through the above detailed steps, the investment return calculation of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be completed, providing a more comprehensive reference for project decision-making.

[0143] The photovoltaic power generation project costs specifically include the following:

[0144] (1) Analyze the initial investment cost;

[0145] (2) Analyze operating costs;

[0146] (3) Analyze maintenance costs;

[0147] (4) Analyze the failure cost.

[0148] The specific steps are as follows:

[0149] Step S1.1.1: Analyze the equipment purchase costs, such as the purchase costs of photovoltaic modules, inverters, brackets, cables and other equipment.

[0150] Step S1.1.2: Analyze the construction and installation costs, such as construction personnel costs, construction machinery costs, and building material costs.

[0151] Step S1.1.3: Analyze project management costs, such as project management staff fees, administrative costs, communication costs, etc.

[0152] Step S1.1.4: Analyze unforeseen expenses, such as additional costs caused by natural disasters, policy changes, etc.

[0153] Step S1.1.5: Summarize initial investment costs.

[0154] Step S2.1: Analyze the energy consumption cost during the operation, such as electricity cost, water consumption cost, etc.

[0155] Step S2.2: Analyze daily operation and maintenance costs, such as regular inspection costs, cleaning costs, etc.

[0156] Step S2.3: Summarize the operating costs.

[0157] Step S3.1: Analyze maintenance costs, such as equipment repair costs, parts replacement costs, etc.

[0158] Step S3.2: Summarize maintenance costs.

[0159] Step S4.1: Analyze failure costs, such as power generation loss and maintenance costs caused by equipment failure.

[0160] Step S4.2: Summarize failure costs.

[0161] Through the above detailed steps, the cost structure of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be comprehensively analyzed to provide accurate cost data for investment return calculation.

[0162] The benefits of the photovoltaic power generation project include the following:

[0163] (1). Analyze annual power generation;

[0164] (2) Analyze the on-grid electricity price;

[0165] (3) Analyze the power generation income of photovoltaic power generation projects.

[0166] The specific steps are as follows:

[0167] Step S2.1.1: Calculate the annual power generation of the project based on factors such as the project's installed capacity, annual full-power hours, and system efficiency.

[0168] Step S2.1.2: Consider weather conditions, shadows and other factors to correct the annual power generation.

[0169] Step S2.2.1: Analyze the project's on-grid electricity price based on factors such as the grid price and subsidy policy at the project location.

[0170] Step S2.2.2: Considering factors such as electricity price fluctuations, the on-grid electricity price is predicted.

[0171] Step S2.3.1: Calculate the annual power generation revenue of the project based on the estimated annual power generation and the grid-connected electricity price.

[0172] Step S2.3.2: Consider factors such as electricity price changes and policy adjustments during the project life cycle, and predict the project's life cycle power generation revenue.

[0173] Through the above detailed steps, the income structure of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be comprehensively analyzed to provide accurate income data for investment return calculation.

[0174] The benefit analysis specifically includes the following:

[0175] (1). Net present value analysis;

[0176] (2) Internal rate of return analysis;

[0177] (3) Payback period analysis;

[0178] (4). Sensitivity analysis.

[0179] The specific steps are as follows:

[0180] Step S4.1.1: Calculate the net present value (NPV) of the project, which is the difference between the present value of the benefits over the life of the project and the present value of the total investment costs.

[0181] Step S4.1.2: Determine whether NPV is greater than 0. If it is greater than 0, the project is economically beneficial.

[0182] Step S4.2.1: Calculate the project's internal rate of return (IRR), which is the discount rate at which the present value of the benefits over the project's life cycle equals the present value of the total investment cost.

[0183] Step S4.2.2: Determine whether IRR is greater than the established discount rate. If it is greater than the established discount rate, the project is economically beneficial.

[0184] Step S4.3.1: Calculate the project's payback period (Pt), which is the time required for the project to reach a cumulative benefit equal to the total investment cost.

[0185] Step S4.3.2: Determine whether Pt is less than the established payback period. If so, the project is economically beneficial.

[0186] Step S4.4.1: Conduct sensitivity analysis, change key factors of the project (such as grid-connected electricity price, installed capacity, etc.), and observe changes in project benefits.

[0187] Step S4.4.2: Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis, assess the sensitivity and risk of the project to key factors.

[0188] Through the above detailed steps, the economic benefits of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be analyzed from multiple aspects, providing a comprehensive reference for project decision-making.

[0189] The expected investment benefit analysis of introducing environmental value specifically includes the following:

[0190] (1). Environmental benefit analysis of photovoltaic power generation projects;

[0191] (2) Analysis of expected investment benefits after introducing environmental value.

[0192] The specific steps are as follows:

[0193] Step S5.1.1: Analyze the impact of the photovoltaic power generation project on the environment, such as reducing carbon emissions and reducing fossil energy consumption.

[0194] Step S5.1.2: Determine expectations for environmental values, such as carbon trading, green energy policies, etc.

[0195] Step S5.2.1: Incorporate environmental value into the project benefit analysis and calculate economic indicators such as the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) after the project introduces environmental value.

[0196] Step S5.2.2: Determine whether the NPV and IRR after the introduction of environmental value are greater than the NPV and IRR without the introduction of environmental value, so as to evaluate the impact of environmental value on project benefits.

[0197] Step S5.3: Conduct a sensitivity analysis of the introduction of environmental values, change key environmental factors (such as carbon prices, policy changes, etc.), and observe changes in project benefits.

[0198] Step S5.4: Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis of the introduction of environmental values, assess the sensitivity and risk of the project to environmental values.

[0199] Through the above detailed steps, environmental value can be incorporated into the investment benefit analysis of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects, providing a more comprehensive reference for project decision-making.

[0200] The calculation formula for the annual circular benefits brought by the photovoltaic power generation project is as follows:

[0201] S(t)=Q×β×APt

[0202] In the above formula:

[0203] S(t) is the environmental benefit generated by the project in year t;

[0204] Q is the annual power generation of the project;

[0205] β is the CO2 emission reduction brought about by unit electricity;

[0206] APt is the average carbon trading price in year t;

[0207] When the discount rate is r, the technical formula for the environmental benefit value generated by the entire life cycle of a photovoltaic power generation project is as follows:

[0208]

[0209] After the introduction of environmental value, the calculation formula for the net present value of photovoltaic power generation projects is:

[0210]

[0211] In the above formula:

[0212] NPV is the net present value of the project;

[0213] I t The capital inflow brought by the project’s electricity sales (including subsidies) in year t;

[0214] S t The amount of financial inflow from environmental benefits generated by the project each year;

[0215] 0 t is the capital outflow of the project in year t;

[0216] r is the project discount rate.

[0217] After introducing environmental benefits, the calculation formula for the rate of return of photovoltaic power generation projects is:

[0218]

[0219] In the above formula:

[0220] IRR is the internal rate of return of the project;

[0221] I1 is the capital inflow from electricity sales (including subsidies) in year t;

[0222] S t The amount of financial inflows for the environmental benefits generated each year;

[0223] 0 t is the capital outflow of the project in year t.

[0224] By calculating the project's net present value, internal rate of return, and payback period, it was found that the project can bring positive cash flow to investors and has positive investment benefits. On this basis, the environmental value was introduced and the benefits of the project investment were further analyzed. It was found that the introduction of environmental value can significantly improve the investment benefits of photovoltaic power generation projects. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of the factors affecting the investment benefits of photovoltaic power generation projects was conducted, and it was found that the most sensitive factor was power generation, followed by investment cost, loan interest rate, operation and maintenance cost, and environmental value.

[0225] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Understand the project overview and natural conditions, communicate with customers, understand project requirements, including power generation scale, installation location and grid connection method, conduct on-site surveys, understand the natural conditions of the project location, such as light resources, climate conditions, and geographical conditions, and collect project-related information, such as local electricity prices, subsidy policies, and grid connection policies; S2. Based on step S1, select the main equipment and optimize the technical solution. According to the project overview and natural conditions, select appropriate photovoltaic modules, inverters and brackets, optimize the technical solution, including the arrangement of photovoltaic arrays, series-parallel schemes, photovoltaic tracking systems, and formulate a construction plan, including installation sequence, construction technology and quality control; S3. Project management and investment control: establish a project management team, clarify the responsibilities and division of labor of project team members, formulate a project schedule, including major nodes, time arrangement, resource allocation, and implement investment control, including budget preparation, cost forecasting, cost tracking and control; S4. Carry out project investment budget estimate, analyze project economic benefits, including calculation and analysis of internal rate of return (IRR), net present value (NPV), payback period and other indicators, and prepare investment evaluation report, including project overview, investment budget estimate, economic benefit analysis and risk analysis; Through the above detailed steps, a detailed investment evaluation of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects can be carried out to provide a basis for project decision-making.

2. The distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The understanding of the project overview and natural conditions specifically includes the following: (1). Understand, investigate and analyze the solar energy resources in the region; (2) Understand, investigate and analyze the meteorological conditions in the area; (3) Understand, investigate and analyze the geological conditions of the area.

3. The distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The main equipment selection and technical solution optimization specifically include the following: (1) Select photovoltaic modules according to the annular conditions of the area; (2) Select the inverter according to the ring conditions of the area; (3) Select the photovoltaic array tracking method and optimal tilt angle according to the annular conditions of the area; (4) Develop a cleaning plan for photovoltaic modules based on the annular conditions in the area.

4. The distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The project management and investment control specifically include the following: (1) Study local policies; (2) Conduct market research and investment control; (3) Carry out resource allocation and project management.

5. The distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific estimated investment of the project is as follows: (1) Investment overview; (2) Total project budget; (3) Total cost; (4) Calculation of power generation revenue.

6. A method for calculating investment income of a distributed photovoltaic power generation project, characterized by: The method comprises the distributed photovoltaic power generation project investment evaluation method as described in claims 1 to 5 and the following steps: S1. Cost of constructing photovoltaic power generation project; S2. Profits from photovoltaic power generation projects S3. Determine the discount rate for the project; S4. Conduct benefit analysis based on traditional investment decisions; S5. Introduce the expected investment benefits of environmental value for analysis.

7. The method for calculating investment income of a distributed photovoltaic power generation project according to claim 6, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation project costs specifically include the following: (1) Analyze the initial investment cost; (2) Analyze operating costs; (3) Analyze maintenance costs; (4) Analyze the failure cost.

8. The method for calculating investment income of a distributed photovoltaic power generation project according to claim 6, characterized in that: The benefits of the photovoltaic power generation project include the following: (1). Analyze annual power generation; (2) Analyze the on-grid electricity price; (3) Analyze the power generation income of photovoltaic power generation projects.

9. The method for calculating investment income of a distributed photovoltaic power generation project according to claim 6, characterized in that: The benefit analysis specifically includes the following: (1). Net present value analysis; (2) Internal rate of return analysis; (3) Payback period analysis; (4). Sensitivity analysis.

10. The method for calculating investment income of a distributed photovoltaic power generation project according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expected investment benefit analysis of introducing environmental value specifically includes the following: (1). Environmental benefit analysis of photovoltaic power generation projects; (2) Analysis of expected investment benefits after introducing environmental value.

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