Biological seedling culture substrate for preventing and treating root rot as well as preparation method and application of biological seedling culture substrate

Abstract

The invention provides a biological seedling substrate for preventing and treating root rot as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological prevention and treatment. The biological seedling culture substrate is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of organic substrate, 20 to 30 parts of fly ash, 15 to 20 parts of perlite, 5 to 18 parts of hydroxyapatite, 5 to 10 parts of N, N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2 to 3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine and 0.1 to 1.5 parts of synergist, the synergist is prepared by mixing 5-hydroxytryptophan, barbaloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of (2-3): (3-8): (1-6). The biological seedling culture substrate provided by the invention is low in production cost, the preparation method is simple and feasible, and the biological seedling culture substrate capable of preventing and treating root rot and promoting seedling growth can be obtained only by uniformly mixing various raw materials in proportion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, and in particular to a biological seedling cultivation matrix for preventing and controlling root rot, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Root rot is a common soil-borne disease caused by bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. It is generally caused by a variety of pathogens invading from wounds on the roots or stems of plants. Compared with adult plants, seedlings of plants are more susceptible to root rot. The root rot pathogens in the soil first invade individual lateral roots and fibrous roots of the plant roots, causing them to rot and necrotize, and then spread to the taproot. The taproot does not show symptoms immediately after being infected, and the plant still grows and metabolizes normally. However, as the degree of rot increases, the cells and vascular bundles in the taproot are severely damaged, unable to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, and unable to provide various growth elements for the ground plants. Therefore, in the middle stage of root rot infection, the ground plants generally show symptoms of short stature, shrunken, yellowing, and wilting leaves; in the late stage of infection, most plants have rotten stems, yellowing leaves, and the whole plant falls over and dies. The high incidence of root rot has a great impact on the quality and yield of plants. Moreover, the pathogenic bacteria of root rot can survive in the soil for many years and spread rapidly with rain and irrigation. They are difficult to eliminate through crop rotation. At the same time, there is a lack of effective disease-resistant varieties and safe and residue-free control drugs, which leads to increasingly serious damage caused by root rot.

[0003] So far, the prevention and control of root rot mainly adopts the measure of root irrigation with chemical agents. However, this not only leads to a serious decline in fruit quality and pesticide residues, but also causes serious damage to the soil, such as causing soil compaction and imbalance in the proportion of chemical components, bringing serious environmental pollution problems.

[0004] Biological seedling matrix refers to a matrix containing living microorganisms, and its microbial activity can promote the rhizosphere colonization of plants in the seedling stage and the growth-promoting function after transplanting. By adding microbial agents and other auxiliary materials to ordinary seedling matrix for facility vegetable seedling cultivation, the composting efficiency of the matrix can be improved, the nutrient supply capacity of the matrix can be enhanced, the population of beneficial microorganisms in the plant root system can be increased, the resistance of seedlings can be improved, and it is helpful to prevent and control the occurrence of soil-borne plant diseases. At present, my country's biological seedling matrix is ​​still in its infancy and there are few varieties. Therefore, providing a variety of biological seedling matrices that can effectively prevent and control root rot is an urgent need for the sustainable development of my country's agriculture. Biological control is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, so it is of great significance to apply biological seedling matrix to the prevention and control of plant root rot. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a biological seedling matrix for preventing and controlling root rot, wherein the biological seedling matrix comprises the following raw materials: 30-50 parts of organic matrix, 20-30 parts of fly ash, 15-20 parts of perlite, 5-18 parts of hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, and 0.1-1.5 parts of synergist;

[0006] Furthermore, the synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2-3:3-8:1-6.

[0007] Furthermore, the biological seedling culture matrix also includes 0.5-1 part of a composite microbial agent.

[0008] Furthermore, the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1-2:1.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1.5:1.

[0010] Furthermore, the Pseudomonas axanthophylla and Staphylococcus aureus are added in the form of bacterial powder, and the number of effective live bacteria in the bacterial powder is 18-22 billion / g.

[0011] Furthermore, the organic matrix is ​​selected from at least one of coconut bran, humic acid, mushroom residue, sawdust and bagasse.

[0012] The invention also provides application of the biological seedling raising matrix in preventing and controlling crop root rot.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The synergist, which is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin, added to the seedling medium of the present invention, has a stimulating effect on the growth of Pseudomonas aurantiacus and Staphylococcus aureus, helps to lyse the cell wall or mycelium of the pathogenic bacteria, inhibits the germination of pathogenic bacteria spores and the elongation of germ tubes, and finally plays a role in dissolving the mycelium of the pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the combined use of the synergist and the composite microbial agent can also significantly improve the parasitic effect of the composite bacteria on harmful fungi, and further improve the control effect on harmful fungi.

[0015] The present invention uses solid waste fly ash to prepare a biological seedling matrix, which can improve resource utilization and save costs. However, the biological seedling matrix containing fly ash has the problem of poor water and fertilizer retention. For this reason, the present invention also adds hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and N-acetyl-glucosamine, which can not only provide phosphorus elements, but also significantly improve the water and fertilizer retention of the biological seedling matrix, thereby improving crop quality and yield.

[0016] The preparation method of the biological seedling cultivation matrix provided by the invention is simple and easy, and the biological seedling cultivation matrix capable of preventing and controlling root rot and promoting seedling growth can be obtained by only mixing various raw materials in proportion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The invention provides a biological seedling cultivation matrix for preventing and treating root rot. The biological seedling cultivation matrix comprises the following raw materials: 30-50 parts of organic matrix, 20-30 parts of fly ash, 15-20 parts of perlite, 5-18 parts of hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine and 0.1-1.5 parts of synergist.

[0018] Preferably, the biological seedling matrix comprises the following raw materials: 35-40 parts of organic matrix, 22-26 parts of fly ash, 16-18 parts of perlite, 6-12 parts of hydroxyapatite, 6-8 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, and 0.5-1.0 parts of synergist.

[0019] Further preferably, the biological seedling matrix includes the following raw materials: 38 parts of organic matrix, 25 parts of fly ash, 17 parts of perlite, 10 parts of hydroxyapatite, 7 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, and 0.6 parts of synergist.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2-3:3-8:1-6. Preferably, the synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2:3-5:2-3. Further preferably, the synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2:4:3.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the biological seedling matrix further includes 0.5-1 parts of a composite microbial agent. Preferably, the biological seedling matrix further includes 0.8 parts of a composite microbial agent.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiacus and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1-2:1. Preferably, the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiacus and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1.5:1.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the Pseudomonas axanthophylla and Staphylococcus aureus are added in the form of bacterial powder, and the number of effective live bacteria in the bacterial powder is 18-22 billion / g. Preferably, the number of effective live bacteria in the bacterial powder is 20 billion / g.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the organic matrix is ​​selected from at least one of coconut bran, humic acid, mushroom residue, sawdust, and bagasse.

[0025] Preferably, the organic matrix is ​​coconut husk. Further preferably, the physical and chemical properties of the coconut husk are: bulk density 0.48 g / cm 3 , air porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH value 6.3, organic matter 482g / kg, available phosphorus 83mg / kg, available potassium 983mg / kg, alkaline nitrogen 305mg / kg.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash are: bulk density 0.58g / cm 3 , total porosity 55%, water content 5.1%, aeration porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH 9.3, organic carbon 20.3g / kg, total phosphorus 2.7g / kg, total potassium 1.8g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 505mg / kg.

[0027] The invention also provides application of the biological seedling raising matrix in preventing and controlling crop root rot.

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The experimental methods or test methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the raw materials and auxiliary agents are obtained from conventional commercial channels or prepared by conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0030] The number of effective live bacteria in the composite microbial inoculant powder used in the following examples and comparative examples is 20 billion / g.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A biological seedling raising substrate for preventing and controlling root rot, comprising the following raw materials:

[0033] 38 parts of coconut bran, 25 parts of fly ash, 17 parts of perlite, 10 parts of hydroxyapatite, 7 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, 0.6 parts of synergist, and 0.8 parts of composite microbial agent;

[0034] The synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2:4:3; the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1.5:1, and the effective number of live bacteria in the composite microbial agent is 20 billion / g; the physical and chemical properties of the coconut bran are: bulk density 0.48g / cm 3 , ventilation porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH value 6.3, organic matter 482g / kg, effective phosphorus 83mg / kg, effective potassium 983mg / kg, alkaline nitrogen 305mg / kg; the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash are: bulk density 0.58g / cm 3 , total porosity 55%, water content 5.1%, aeration porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH 9.3, organic carbon 20.3g / kg, total phosphorus 2.7g / kg, total potassium 1.8g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 505mg / kg.

[0035] The preparation method of the biological seedling medium is as follows: coconut bran, fly ash, perlite, hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-acetyl-glucosamine, a synergist, and a composite microbial agent are uniformly mixed in proportion to obtain the biological seedling medium.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A biological seedling raising substrate for preventing and controlling root rot, comprising the following raw materials:

[0038] Humic acid 35 parts, fly ash 22 parts, perlite 16 parts, hydroxyapatite 7 parts, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 7 parts, N-acetyl-glucosamine 2 parts, synergist 0.3 parts, composite microbial agent 0.6 parts;

[0039] The synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2:3:1; the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the effective number of live bacteria in the composite microbial agent is 20 billion / g; the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash are: bulk density 0.58g / cm 3 , total porosity 55%, water content 5.1%, aeration porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH 9.3, organic carbon 20.3g / kg, total phosphorus 2.7g / kg, total potassium 1.8g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 505mg / kg.

[0040] The preparation method of the biological seedling medium is as follows: humic acid, fly ash, perlite, hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-acetyl-glucosamine, a synergist, and a composite microbial agent are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion to obtain the biological seedling medium.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A biological seedling raising substrate for preventing and controlling root rot, comprising the following raw materials:

[0043] 41 parts of mushroom residue, 25 parts of fly ash, 17 parts of perlite, 10 parts of hydroxyapatite, 8 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, 0.8 parts of synergist, and 0.6 parts of composite microbial agent;

[0044] The synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2.5:4:5; the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the effective number of live bacteria in the composite microbial agent is 20 billion / g; the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash are: bulk density 0.58g / cm 3 , total porosity 55%, water content 5.1%, aeration porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH 9.3, organic carbon 20.3g / kg, total phosphorus 2.7g / kg, total potassium 1.8g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 505mg / kg.

[0045] The preparation method of the biological seedling culture matrix is ​​as follows: mushroom residue, fly ash, perlite, hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-acetyl-glucosamine, synergist and composite microbial agent are uniformly mixed in proportion to obtain the biological seedling culture matrix.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] A biological seedling raising substrate for preventing and controlling root rot, comprising the following raw materials:

[0048] 45 parts of sawdust, 28 parts of fly ash, 18 parts of perlite, 16 parts of hydroxyapatite, 9 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, 1.2 parts of synergist, and 0.9 parts of composite microbial agent;

[0049] The synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2.8:5:5.5; the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1.8:1, and the effective number of live bacteria in the composite microbial agent is 20 billion / g; the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash are: bulk density 0.58g / cm 3 , total porosity 55%, water content 5.1%, aeration porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH 9.3, organic carbon 20.3g / kg, total phosphorus 2.7g / kg, total potassium 1.8g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 505mg / kg.

[0050] The preparation method of the biological seedling culture matrix is ​​as follows: wood chips, fly ash, perlite, hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-acetyl-glucosamine, a synergist, and a composite microbial agent are uniformly mixed in proportion to obtain the biological seedling culture matrix.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] A biological seedling raising substrate for preventing and controlling root rot, comprising the following raw materials:

[0053] 50 parts of bagasse, 30 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of perlite, 18 parts of hydroxyapatite, 10 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, 1.5 parts of synergist, and 1 part of composite microbial agent;

[0054] The synergist is a mixture of 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 3:8:6; the composite microbial agent is composed of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the effective number of live bacteria in the composite microbial agent is 20 billion / g; the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash are: bulk density 0.58g / cm 3 , total porosity 55%, water content 5.1%, aeration porosity 12%, water holding porosity 48%, pH 9.3, organic carbon 20.3g / kg, total phosphorus 2.7g / kg, total potassium 1.8g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 505mg / kg.

[0055] The preparation method of the biological seedling culture matrix is ​​as follows: bagasse, fly ash, perlite, hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-acetyl-glucosamine, a synergist, and a composite microbial agent are uniformly mixed in proportion to obtain the biological seedling culture matrix.

[0056] Table 1 Effects of the biological seedling raising substrates prepared in Examples 1-5 on eggplant yield and root rot incidence.

[0057] Group Root rot incidence of eggplant in mature stage (%) <![CDATA[667m 2 Output (kg)]]> Example 1 0.00 4290.37 Example 2 0.00 4014.25 Example 3 0.00 4286.72 Example 4 0.00 4193.64 Example 5 0.00 4136.73

[0058] As shown in Table 1, the biological seedling substrate prepared by the present invention can effectively prevent and treat root rot and increase eggplant yield. In addition, the incidence of root rot is zero during the seedling stage and after planting of eggplant, that is, the eggplant is not infected with root rot during the entire growth period.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The differences from Example 1 are as follows:

[0061] (1) No synergist is added;

[0062] (2) The synergist consists only of 5-hydroxytryptophan and glabridin;

[0063] (3) The synergist consists only of 5-hydroxytryptophan and aloin;

[0064] (4) The synergist consists only of aloin and glabridin;

[0065] (5) The only synergist is glabridin;

[0066] (6) The enhancer is only aloin.

[0067] Table 2 Effects of the biological seedling substrates prepared in each group of Comparative Example 1 on eggplant yield and root rot incidence.

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] As shown in Table 2, when no synergist is added to the biological seedling matrix, the control effect of the seedling matrix on eggplant root rot is significantly reduced, indicating that adding a synergist of a specific composition to the biological seedling matrix can improve the control effect on root rot and increase crop yield. It can also be seen from Table 2 that when only aloin or glabridin or a combination of the two is used as a synergist, the control effect of the seedling matrix on eggplant root rot is worse than that without the synergist. The reason may be that the use of aloin or glabridin or a combination of the two as a synergist alone will inhibit the growth of the composite microbial agent, and when 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin are used together as synergists, they play a synergistic role with each other, thereby significantly improving the control effect on harmful fungi.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] The differences from Example 1 are as follows:

[0073] (1) No composite microbial agent was added;

[0074] (2) The composite microbial agent is Pseudomonas aurantiacus;

[0075] (3) The composite microbial agent imitates Staphylococcus aureus.

[0076] Table 3 Effects of the biological seedling substrates prepared in each group of Comparative Example 2 on eggplant yield and root rot incidence.

[0077] Group Root rot incidence of eggplant in mature stage (%) <![CDATA[667m 2 Output (kg)]]> (1) 23.73 1740.56 (2) 0.08 3825.89 (3) 9.75 2657.40

[0078] It can be seen from Table 3 that when the composite microbial agent is not added to the biological seedling matrix, the control effect of the seedling matrix on eggplant root rot is significantly reduced, indicating that adding a specific composition of composite microbial agents to the biological seedling matrix can improve the control effect on root rot and increase yield.

[0079] In addition, according to Table 3, it can be seen that when the composite microbial agent does not contain Staphylococcus aureus, it has no significant effect on the prevention and control of root rot. However, compared with the case where Staphylococcus aureus is not added, the yield of eggplant cultivated in the biological seedling matrix with Staphylococcus aureus is higher, indicating that the addition of Staphylococcus aureus has the effect of promoting crop growth and increasing yield.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] The differences from Example 1 are as follows:

[0082] (1) No hydroxyapatite added;

[0083] (2) No N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was added;

[0084] (3) No N-acetyl-glucosamine was added.

[0085] Table 4 Effects of the biological seedling substrates prepared in each group of Comparative Example 3 on eggplant yield and root rot incidence.

[0086] Group Root rot incidence of eggplant in mature stage (%) <![CDATA[667m 2 Output (kg)]]> (1) 0.00 3395.20 (2) 0.01 3637.28 (3) 0.05 3147.01

[0087] As shown in Table 4, the absence of hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and N-acetyl-glucosamine had no significant effect on the control effect of root rot, but compared with the case where hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and N-acetyl-glucosamine were not added, the eggplant yield cultivated in the biological seedling medium with hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and N-acetyl-glucosamine was higher, that is, the addition of hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and N-acetyl-glucosamine has the effect of promoting growth and increasing yield. The reason may be that there is a synergistic effect between hydroxyapatite, N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and N-acetyl-glucosamine, which can adjust the physical and chemical properties of the soil, retain water and fertilizer, and thus achieve the purpose of increasing yield.

[0088] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological seedling substrate for preventing and controlling root rot, characterized in that: The biological seedling culture matrix comprises the following raw materials: 30-50 parts of organic matrix, 20-30 parts of fly ash, 15-20 parts of perlite, 5-18 parts of hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of N,N-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-3 parts of N-acetyl-glucosamine, and 0.1-1.5 parts of synergist; The synergist is prepared by mixing 5-hydroxytryptophan, aloin and glabridin in a mass ratio of 2-3:3-8:1-6.

2. The biological seedling raising matrix for preventing and controlling root rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological seedling culture matrix also includes 0.5-1 part of composite microbial agent.

3. The biological seedling raising matrix for preventing and controlling root rot according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent consists of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1-2:

1.

4. The biological seedling raising matrix for preventing and controlling root rot according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent consists of Pseudomonas aurantiaca and Staphylococcus aureus in a mass ratio of 1.5:

1.

5. The biological seedling raising matrix for preventing and controlling root rot according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Pseudomonas axanthophylla and Staphylococcus aureus are added in the form of bacterial powder, and the number of effective live bacteria in the bacterial powder is 18-22 billion / g.

6. The biological seedling raising matrix for preventing and controlling root rot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matrix is ​​selected from at least one of coconut bran, humic acid, mushroom residue, sawdust and bagasse.

7. Use of the biological seedling raising matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in preventing and controlling crop root rot.

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