Electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module

Abstract

The invention provides an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, and relates to the technical field of electric bicycle charging and discharging, and the mutual recognition module is characterized in that the drain electrode of an NMOS tube is electrically connected with the negative electrode of a battery, the source electrode of the NMOS tube is electrically connected with the negative electrode of a charger, and the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the charger; when the battery is installed on the electric bicycle, the single-chip microcomputer is arranged to communicate with the charger through the charging communication circuit so as to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the charger, and is further arranged to communicate with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the whole vehicle communication circuit so as to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. When the electric bicycle is not provided with a battery and the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is detected to be powered by the charging port, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube to be switched on so as to realize power supply and detection of vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. By implementing the technical scheme provided by the invention, the effect of improving the detection efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric bicycle charging and discharging, and in particular to an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electric bicycles, with the development of technology and the improvement of safety standards, the electrical safety requirements of electric bicycles are receiving more and more attention. In order to ensure the safety and compatibility of electric bicycles during the charging and discharging process, a charging and discharging mutual recognition module is introduced. The main function of this module is to establish a communication connection between the battery, the charger and the electric bicycle to achieve mutual identification and control during the charging and discharging process. However, the existing technology has obvious limitations in the performance testing link of electric bicycles before leaving the factory. During the production process of electric bicycles, in order to ensure the performance and safety of the vehicle, the manufacturer needs to conduct a series of performance tests on the vehicle before final assembly. However, the existing mutual recognition module cannot activate the circuit by powering the charging port without a battery, which means that the manufacturer must complete these tests after installing the battery, which not only increases production costs, but may also lead to reduced production efficiency. In addition, if the problem is discovered after the battery is installed, additional disassembly and reassembly may be required, further increasing production costs and time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module.

[0004] In the first aspect, the present application provides an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, comprising: a single-chip microcomputer, a charging communication circuit, a whole vehicle communication circuit and an NMOS tube, wherein the drain of the NMOS tube is electrically connected to the negative pole of the battery, the source of the NMOS tube is electrically connected to the negative pole of the charger, and the positive pole of the battery is electrically connected to the positive pole of the charger, wherein the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module opens or closes the charging circuit of the battery through the NMOS tube; when the electric bicycle has a battery installed, the single-chip microcomputer is configured to communicate with the charger through the charging communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the charger, and the single-chip microcomputer is also configured to communicate with the on-board electrical equipment through the whole vehicle communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the on-board electrical equipment; when the electric bicycle is not installed with a battery, when it is detected that the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is powered by the charging port, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube to turn on to achieve power supply and detection of the on-board electrical equipment, wherein the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the gate of the NMOS tube.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can realize power supply and detection of on-board electrical equipment by activating the circuit through the charging port when there is no battery. This solves the problem of increased cost and reduced efficiency caused by the need to install the battery before performance testing in the prior art, significantly improves production flexibility and efficiency, and also improves the detection efficiency of electric bicycles. At the same time, the module can also realize mutual recognition between the battery and the charger and on-board electrical equipment through the communication circuit when there is a battery, thereby improving the safety and compatibility of the system.

[0006] Optionally, the charging communication circuit includes: a first sending module and a first receiving module, wherein the first sending module is connected to the charger through a first communication bus, and the first sending module sends first data through the first communication bus, wherein the first data includes battery parameters; the first receiving module is connected to the charger through the first communication bus, and the first receiving module receives second data sent by the charger through the first communication bus, wherein the second data includes charger parameters; the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the charger based on the first data and the second data.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, efficient communication and mutual recognition between the battery and the charger can be achieved in the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module. Specifically: the first sending module sends the first data containing the battery parameters to the charger through the first communication bus to ensure that the charger can obtain accurate battery information; the first receiving module receives the second data containing the charger parameters from the charger through the first communication bus, so that the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the charger meets the requirements; based on the interaction of the first data and the second data, two-way authentication between the battery and the charger is achieved, the reliability and safety of the system are improved, and the potential safety hazards caused by mismatched chargers are avoided.

[0008] Optionally, the first sending module includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first triode, a second triode and a third triode, wherein the emitter of the first triode is electrically connected to the first power supply end, the first resistor is connected between the emitter of the first triode and the base of the first triode, the base of the first triode is electrically connected to the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer through the second resistor, the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the base of the second triode through the third resistor, the emitter of the second triode is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube, the collector of the second triode is electrically connected to the base of the third triode, and the collector of the third triode is electrically connected to the first communication bus. The collector of the first triode is electrically connected to the base of the third triode through the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected between the base of the second triode and the emitter of the second triode, and the emitter of the third triode is electrically connected to the emitter of the second triode through the sixth resistor; the first receiving module includes: a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a first diode, wherein the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are connected in series between the first data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the first communication bus, the connection point between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the first diode, and the negative electrode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first power supply end; the charging communication circuit also includes a ninth resistor, which is connected between the first communication bus and the second power supply end.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the first sending module can ensure that the data signal sent from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the first communication bus, thereby realizing effective communication with the charger; the overcurrent protection circuit is formed by the third transistor and the sixth resistor, which improves the overcurrent protection capability of the mutual recognition module; the first receiving module ensures that the data signal received from the charger can be correctly parsed within the safe working range of the single-chip microcomputer through the resistor voltage division and diode protection mechanism; the additional ninth resistor is used as a pull-up resistor to ensure the high impedance characteristics of the first communication bus in the idle state and avoid unnecessary interference. This technical solution improves the reliability and stability of the system.

[0010] Optionally, the charging communication circuit further includes: a tenth resistor and a second diode, wherein the tenth resistor is connected between the base of the second transistor and the cathode of the second diode, and the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first communication bus.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the tenth resistor and the second diode are added to the charging communication circuit, and together with the fifth resistor and the second transistor, an overvoltage protection circuit is formed, thereby improving the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit. It can effectively prevent the signal on the first communication bus from interfering with the normal operation of the second transistor, thereby improving the stability and reliability of communication. At the same time, the forward conduction characteristic of the second diode can protect the circuit from excessive voltage shocks, thereby enhancing the robustness of the entire system.

[0012] Optionally, the vehicle communication circuit includes: a second sending module, wherein the second sending module is connected to the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment via a second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data via the second communication bus, wherein the third data includes battery parameters.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the second sending module is responsible for data communication with the on-board electrical equipment. The second sending module is connected to the on-board electrical equipment through the second communication bus. The second sending module sends third data, which includes battery parameters. The third data sent by the second sending module enables the on-board electrical equipment to identify the status of the battery and adjust its operation based on this information to ensure compatibility and safety with the battery.

[0014] Optionally, the second sending module includes: an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor, wherein the eleventh resistor is connected between the second data sending port of the single-chip computer and the base of the fourth transistor, the emitter of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube, the collector of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor through the twelfth resistor, the thirteenth resistor is connected between the base of the fifth transistor and the negative electrode of the battery, the emitter of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery through the fourteenth resistor, the collector of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the second communication bus, and the collector of the fourth transistor is also electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery through the fifteenth resistor; the vehicle communication circuit also includes a sixteenth resistor, which is connected between the second communication bus and the third power supply terminal.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the second sending module includes the eleventh to fifteenth resistors and the fourth and fifth transistors. The second sending module can ensure that the data signal sent from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the second communication bus, thereby achieving effective communication with the on-board electrical equipment; the additional sixteenth resistor R16 is used as a pull-up resistor to ensure the high impedance characteristics of the second communication bus in the idle state, avoiding unnecessary interference. This technical solution improves the reliability and stability of the system.

[0016] Optionally, the vehicle communication circuit also includes: a sixth transistor, a seventeenth resistor and an eighteenth resistor, wherein the collector of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor, the emitter of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the negative pole of the battery, the base of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the second communication bus through the seventeenth resistor, and the eighteenth resistor is connected between the base of the sixth transistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the sixth transistor, the seventeenth resistor and the eighteenth resistor form a high-voltage protection circuit, thereby improving the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit.

[0018] Optionally, the vehicle communication circuit also includes a power supply mode detection module, which includes: a seventh transistor, a nineteenth resistor and a twentieth resistor, wherein the nineteenth resistor is connected between the base of the seventh transistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor, the emitter of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube, and the collector of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the fourth power supply terminal through the twentieth resistor.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the electric bicycle is not equipped with a battery, the vehicle communication circuit can be activated by powering the charging port, and the working status of the on-board electrical equipment can be detected. Specifically, the power supply mode detection module can detect whether it is currently in the charging port power supply mode, and control the NMOS tube to conduct in this mode, thereby realizing the power supply and detection of the on-board electrical equipment. This effectively solves the problem in the prior art that performance testing cannot be performed due to the lack of batteries, improves the flexibility and efficiency of production, and reduces production costs.

[0020] Optionally, the vehicle communication circuit also includes: a second receiving module, wherein the second receiving module is connected to the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through a second communication bus, and the second receiving module receives fourth data sent by the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus, wherein the fourth data includes parameters of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment; and the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment based on the third data and the fourth data.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the second receiving module in the vehicle communication circuit can receive parameter data from the vehicle electrical equipment and combine it with the battery parameter data sent by the single-chip microcomputer. In this way, the second receiving module receives the fourth data from the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, so that the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the vehicle electrical equipment meets the requirements; based on the interaction of the third data and the fourth data, two-way authentication between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment is achieved, the reliability and safety of the system are improved, the potential safety hazards caused by mismatched vehicle electrical equipment are avoided, the accurate mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment is achieved, and the reliability and compatibility of the system are improved.

[0022] Optionally, the second receiving module includes: a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor and a third diode, wherein the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor are connected in series between the second data receiving port of the single-chip computer and the second communication bus, the connection point between the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor is electrically connected to the positive pole of the third diode, and the negative pole of the third diode is electrically connected to the fifth power supply terminal.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the second receiving module can effectively receive the fourth data from the on-board electrical equipment. Specifically, the voltage divider network composed of the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor can stabilize signal transmission and prevent the influence of voltage fluctuations on the single-chip microcomputer. At the same time, the third diode plays a protective role to prevent excessive voltage from damaging the data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer. This design improves the reliability and stability of the system and ensures the normal operation of the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module under various working environments.

[0024] Optionally, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module also includes a step-down circuit, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the step-down circuit are electrically connected to the positive pole of the charger and the negative pole of the charger respectively, and the output terminal of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the microcontroller, and the output terminal of the step-down circuit is used to provide an operating voltage to the microcontroller.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the buck circuit can convert the high-voltage DC power provided by the charger (or battery) into a low-voltage DC power suitable for the operation of the single-chip microcomputer. The addition of the buck circuit enables the single-chip microcomputer to obtain a stable operating voltage and work normally even without a battery. The voltage provided by the charger may be higher than the voltage required by the single-chip microcomputer (for example, the charger may be 12V or higher, while the single-chip microcomputer may require 3.3V or 5V). The buck circuit is responsible for converting the higher input voltage into a lower voltage suitable for the operation of the single-chip microcomputer. The buck circuit can provide one or more different low-voltage DC power, such as 3.3V, or 5V, or other voltages. The low-voltage DC power provided by the buck circuit can not only provide the operating voltage for the single-chip microcomputer, but also provide power for other circuits in the mutual recognition module.

[0026] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. It solves the problem of increased cost and reduced efficiency caused by the need to install the battery before performance testing in the prior art, significantly improves production flexibility and efficiency, and also improves the testing efficiency of electric bicycles; 2. It realizes two-way authentication between the battery and the charger, improves the reliability and safety of the system, and avoids potential safety hazards caused by mismatched chargers; 3. Improved the overvoltage protection and overcurrent protection capabilities of the mutual recognition module circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a framework diagram of an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is an overall schematic diagram of a mutual recognition module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit of a mutual recognition module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the internal electrical structure of a mutual recognition module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a charging communication circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle communication circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Description of reference numerals: R1-a first resistor, R2-a second resistor, R3-a third resistor, R4-a fourth resistor, R5-a fifth resistor, R6-a sixth resistor, R7-a seventh resistor, R8-a eighth resistor, R9-a ninth resistor, R10-a tenth resistor, R11-a eleventh resistor, R12-a twelfth resistor, R13-a thirteenth resistor, R14-a fourteenth resistor, R15-a fifteenth resistor, R16-a sixteenth resistor, R17-a seventeenth resistor, R18-a eighteenth resistor, R19-a nineteenth resistor, R20-a twentieth resistor, R21-a twenty-first resistor, R22-a twenty-second resistor, D1-a first diode, D2-a second diode, D3-a third diode, Q0-a NMOS tube, Q1-a first triode, Q2-a second triode, Q3-a third triode, Q4-a fourth triode, Q5-a fifth triode, Q6-a sixth triode, Q7-a seventh triode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable technicians in this field to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "for example" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "for example" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 6 The embodiments of the present application are described.

[0033] This application provides an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 It is a framework diagram of an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module provided by an embodiment of the present application, including: a single-chip microcomputer, a charging communication circuit, a whole vehicle communication circuit and an NMOS tube Q0, wherein the drain of the NMOS tube Q0 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the source of the NMOS tube Q0 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the charger, and the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the charger, wherein the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module opens or closes the battery charging circuit through the NMOS tube Q0; when the electric bicycle has a battery installed, the single-chip microcomputer is configured to communicate with the charger through the charging communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the charger, and the single-chip microcomputer is also configured to communicate with the on-board electrical equipment through the whole vehicle communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the on-board electrical equipment; when the electric bicycle is not installed with a battery, when it is detected that the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module is powered by the charging port, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube Q0 to be turned on to achieve power supply and detection of the on-board electrical equipment, wherein the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the gate of the NMOS tube Q0.

[0034] In the above embodiment, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can realize power supply and detection of on-board electrical equipment by activating the circuit through the charging port when there is no battery. This solves the problem of increased cost and reduced efficiency caused by the need to install the battery before performance testing in the prior art, significantly improves production flexibility and efficiency, and also improves the detection efficiency of electric bicycles. At the same time, the module can also realize mutual recognition between the battery and the charger and on-board electrical equipment through the communication circuit when there is a battery, thereby improving the safety and compatibility of the system.

[0035] The drain of the NMOS tube Q0 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, and the source is connected to the negative electrode of the charger. By controlling the conduction and closing of the NMOS tube Q0, the charging circuit of the battery can be controlled; the single-chip microcomputer in the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module (or simply referred to as the mutual recognition module) is responsible for communicating with the charger and the on-board electrical equipment. When the electric bicycle has a battery installed, the single-chip microcomputer communicates with the charger through the charging communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the charger; at the same time, the single-chip microcomputer communicates with the on-board electrical equipment through the vehicle communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the on-board electrical equipment. When the electric bicycle is not equipped with a battery, if it is detected that the charging and discharging mutual recognition module is powered by the charging port, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube Q0 to conduct, allowing current to flow from the charger to the on-board electrical equipment, so that the on-board electrical equipment can be powered and detected even when the battery is not installed. In this way, the on-board electrical equipment can be detected even if the battery is not installed. This embodiment can realize performance testing without installing the battery, reducing the number of assembly and disassembly times and improving production efficiency; reducing the cost of additional disassembly and reassembly required due to problems found after installing the battery; the on-board electrical equipment can be tested before installing the battery, and problems can be found and solved in advance, avoiding subsequent rework; the electrical safety of the electric bicycle is improved by realizing mutual recognition between the battery, charger and on-board electrical equipment during the charging and discharging process; and effective communication and mutual recognition between the charger, battery and on-board electrical equipment are realized, enhancing the compatibility between systems. The above-mentioned on-board electrical equipment can be any electrical equipment of the electric bicycle, or it can be a controller on the electric bicycle, through which other electrical equipment of the vehicle is controlled.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the charging communication circuit includes: a first sending module and a first receiving module, wherein the first sending module is connected to the charger through a first communication bus, and the first sending module sends first data through the first communication bus, wherein the first data includes the parameters of the battery; the first receiving module is connected to the charger through the first communication bus, and the first receiving module receives second data sent by the charger through the first communication bus, wherein the second data includes the parameters of the charger; the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the charger based on the first data and the second data.

[0037] In the above embodiment, efficient communication and mutual recognition between the battery and the charger can be achieved in the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module. Specifically: the first sending module sends the first data containing the battery parameters to the charger through the first communication bus to ensure that the charger can obtain accurate battery information; the first receiving module receives the second data containing the charger parameters from the charger through the first communication bus, so that the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the charger meets the requirements; based on the interaction of the first data and the second data, two-way authentication between the battery and the charger is achieved, the reliability and safety of the system are improved, and the potential safety hazards caused by mismatched chargers are avoided. In addition, this design allows the loop to be activated by powering the charging port when the battery is not installed on the electric bicycle, thereby supporting the power supply and detection of the on-board electrical equipment, that is, while ensuring safety and reliability, the flexibility and efficiency of the production and testing process are significantly improved, and the production cost is reduced.

[0038] This embodiment realizes more accurate and sufficient information exchange between the battery and the charger through the first sending module and the first receiving module, including battery parameters (such as voltage, capacity, remaining power, etc.) and charger parameters (such as charging power, charging mode, etc.). Based on these parameter information, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can more accurately judge the compatibility and status between the battery and the charger, thereby ensuring the safety and efficiency of the charging process. Through a perfect mutual recognition mechanism, the risks caused by the use of incompatible chargers, such as overheating, short circuit or other potential safety problems, can be avoided. Users can use electric bicycles for charging more confidently, reducing the worries and troubles caused by charging incompatibility or failure. The mutual recognition process enables the charger to adjust the optimal charging strategy according to the specific parameters of the battery, thereby improving the charging efficiency and extending the battery life. The automated identification process simplifies the user's operation, reduces the possibility of misoperation, and improves the overall user experience.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 5As shown, the first sending module includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a first triode Q1, a second triode Q2 and a third triode Q3, wherein the emitter of the first triode Q1 is electrically connected to the first power supply end, the first resistor R1 is connected between the emitter of the first triode Q1 and the base of the first triode Q1, the base of the first triode Q1 is electrically connected to the first data sending port of the single-chip computer through the second resistor R2, the first data sending port of the single-chip computer is electrically connected to the base of the second triode Q2 through the third resistor R3, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube Q0, the collector of the second triode Q2 is electrically connected to the base of the third triode Q3, the collector of the third triode Q3 is electrically connected to the first communication main The first receiving module comprises: a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8 and a first diode D1, wherein the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 are connected in series between the first data receiving port of the single-chip computer and the first communication bus, the connection point between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D1, and the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first power supply end; the charging communication circuit also comprises a ninth resistor R9, and the ninth resistor R9 is connected between the first communication bus and the second power supply end.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the first sending module can ensure that the data signal sent from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the first communication bus, thereby realizing effective communication with the charger; the third transistor Q3 and the sixth resistor R6 form an overcurrent protection circuit, which improves the overcurrent protection capability of the mutual recognition module; the first receiving module ensures that the data signal received from the charger can be correctly parsed within the safe working range of the single-chip microcomputer through the resistor voltage divider and diode protection mechanism; the additional ninth resistor R9 is used as a pull-up resistor to ensure the high impedance characteristics of the first communication bus in the idle state, avoiding unnecessary interference. The reliability and stability of the system are improved through this embodiment.

[0041] The first sending module in this embodiment uses three transistors (the first transistor Q1 to the third transistor Q3) as switches or amplifying elements to control the sending of signals. The first transistor Q1 is a PNP transistor, and the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 are both NPN transistors. A suitable bias voltage is set through multiple resistors (such as the first resistor R1 to the sixth resistor R6) to ensure that the transistors work under appropriate conditions and limit the current to protect the circuit. For example, the third transistor Q3 and the sixth resistor R6 constitute an overcurrent protection circuit. For example, when the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is at a high level, the first transistor Q1 is turned off. By adjusting the resistance values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5, the second transistor Q2 can be turned on to pull down the base of the third transistor Q3, thereby turning off the third transistor Q3. At this time, the first communication bus is pulled to a high level state by an external power supply (such as the second power supply end mentioned above), and the first data receiving port is also consistent with the level of the first communication bus; when the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is at a low level, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 is turned off. The first transistor Q1 can transmit the electric energy of the first power supply end (such as 3.3V, or 5V) to the base of the third transistor Q3, so that the third transistor Q3 is turned on. The third transistor Q3 pulls down the level of the first communication bus, and a low level signal can be detected at the first data receiving port. The seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 form a voltage divider network, which is used to adjust the signal level received from the first communication bus to make it suitable for processing by the single-chip microcomputer; the first diode D1 is used as a clamping diode to prevent the voltage at the receiving end from being too high and protect the single-chip microcomputer from being damaged. The circuit in this embodiment is provided with a pull-up power supply from the outside, such as the first communication bus connected to the second power supply terminal through the ninth resistor R9, the second power supply terminal can be connected to a 3.3V or 5V power supply, the first power supply terminal can be the power supply inside the mutual recognition module, for example, it can be the working power supply obtained by the voltage provided by the battery or the charger after passing through the step-down circuit, the working power supply provides the working voltage for the internal circuit of the mutual recognition module, the voltage of the first power supply terminal can be 3.3V or 5V, and the source of the NMOS tube Q0 is the negative electrode of the charger.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the charging communication circuit also includes: a tenth resistor R10 and a second diode D2, wherein the tenth resistor R10 is connected between the base of the second transistor Q2 and the cathode of the second diode D2, and the anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the first communication bus.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the tenth resistor R10 and the second diode D2 are added to the charging communication circuit, and together with the fifth resistor R5 and the second transistor Q2, an overvoltage protection circuit is formed, which improves the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit. It can effectively prevent the signal on the first communication bus from interfering with the normal operation of the second transistor Q2, and improve the stability and reliability of communication. At the same time, the forward conduction characteristic of the second diode D2 can protect the circuit from excessive voltage shocks, thereby enhancing the robustness of the entire system.

[0044] This embodiment improves the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit by adding the tenth resistor R10 and the second diode D2 in the first sending module. When the voltage of the first communication bus is accidentally pulled up to an abnormal voltage, if the third transistor Q3 is always in the on state, it is easy to burn out. The tenth resistor R10 and the fifth resistor R5 form a voltage to control the base voltage of the second transistor Q2, so that the second transistor Q2 is turned on and the base voltage of the third transistor Q3 is pulled down, so that it automatically turns off the third transistor Q3, and the first receiving module will discharge the electric energy through the first diode D1 and protect the port of the control chip when the first communication bus is accidentally pulled up. This embodiment limits the current flowing through the base of the second transistor Q2 by adding the tenth resistor R10, thereby effectively protecting the second transistor Q2 and other key components from damage by excessive current and extending the service life of the circuit; the addition of the second diode D2 plays a role of isolation and protection, which prevents the voltage fluctuation on the first communication bus from affecting other parts of the circuit, and improves the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the vehicle communication circuit includes: a second sending module, wherein the second sending module is connected to the vehicle electrical equipment through a second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data through the second communication bus, wherein the third data includes battery parameters.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the second sending module is responsible for data communication with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. The second sending module is connected to the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through a second communication bus. The second sending module sends third data, which includes battery parameters, such as power, voltage, temperature and other key information. The third data sent by the second sending module enables the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment to identify the status of the battery and adjust its operation based on this information to ensure compatibility and safety with the battery.

[0047] The second sending module uses the second communication bus as a data transmission channel to send the key parameters of the battery (such as power, voltage, current, temperature, etc.) to the on-board electrical equipment in real time or on demand. These electrical equipment may include display screens, controllers, alarm systems, etc., which need these battery parameters to perform corresponding functions, such as displaying power information, adjusting motor output power, triggering low-battery alarms, etc. By sending the battery parameters through the second sending module, the on-board electrical equipment can adjust its own settings according to these parameters to improve compatibility with different batteries. The on-board electrical equipment can avoid unsafe operations such as overcharging and over-discharging according to the battery parameters, thereby enhancing the safety of the entire system. By updating the battery status in real time, the on-board electrical equipment can manage energy more effectively and optimize the performance of the electric bicycle. Users can rely on the information provided by the on-board electrical equipment, such as remaining power, expected mileage, etc., to get a better riding experience.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the second sending module includes: an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a fourth transistor Q4 and a fifth transistor Q5, wherein the eleventh resistor R11 is connected between the second data sending port of the single-chip computer and the base of the fourth transistor Q4, the emitter of the fourth transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube Q0, and the collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the fifth transistor Q5 through the twelfth resistor R12. The base of the fifth transistor Q5 is electrically connected, the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected between the base of the fifth transistor Q5 and the negative electrode of the battery, the emitter of the fifth transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery through the fourteenth resistor R14, the collector of the fifth transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the second communication bus, and the collector of the fourth transistor Q4 is also electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery through the fifteenth resistor R15; the whole vehicle communication circuit also includes a sixteenth resistor R16, and the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected between the second communication bus and the third power supply terminal.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the second sending module includes the eleventh resistor R11 to the fifteenth resistor R15 and the fourth transistor Q4 and the fifth transistor Q5. The second sending module can ensure that the data signal sent from the single-chip microcomputer can be stably transmitted to the second communication bus, thereby realizing effective communication with the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment; the additional sixteenth resistor R16 is used as a pull-up resistor to ensure the high impedance characteristics of the second communication bus in the idle state, avoiding unnecessary interference. The reliability and stability of the system are improved through this embodiment.

[0050] When the mutual recognition module sends a high level signal, that is, the single-chip microcomputer sends a high level signal through the second data transmission port, so that the fourth transistor Q4 is turned on, thereby pulling down the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5, so that the fifth transistor Q5 is turned off, and at this time, the second communication bus voltage will be pulled up by the external pull-up (such as the third power supply terminal mentioned above); when the mutual recognition module sends a low level, that is, the single-chip microcomputer sends a low level signal through the second data transmission port, and the fourth transistor Q4 is turned off, then the current from the positive electrode of the battery will pull up the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5 so that the fifth transistor Q5 is turned on, thereby pulling down the second communication bus level. The purpose of sending battery parameters to vehicle-mounted electrical equipment is achieved through this circuit. The circuit in this embodiment is provided with a pull-up power supply from the outside, such as the second communication bus connected to the third power supply terminal through the sixteenth resistor R16, the third power supply terminal can be connected to a 3.3V or 5V power supply, and the sixteenth resistor R16 is used as a pull-up resistor to ensure that when there is no signal on the second communication bus, it is maintained in a known logic state (high or low) to avoid uncertainty caused by floating input.

[0051] It should be noted that, in actual applications, the mutual recognition between the battery and the on-board electrical equipment can be that the mutual recognition module unilaterally sends the battery parameters to the on-board electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and then the on-board electrical equipment decides whether to work based on the battery parameters sent by the mutual recognition module, and the on-board electrical equipment does not need to reply data (or parameters of the on-board electrical equipment) to the mutual recognition module; or, according to user or market needs, the mutual recognition module also receives data replied by the on-board electrical equipment (such as relevant parameters of the on-board electrical equipment), and the battery can make relevant adjustments based on the data replied by the on-board electrical equipment, etc., thereby achieving mutual recognition between the two.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle communication circuit also includes: a sixth transistor Q6, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18, wherein the collector of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor Q5, the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the base of the sixth transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the second communication bus through the seventeenth resistor R17, and the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected between the base of the sixth transistor Q6 and the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the sixth transistor Q6, the seventeenth resistor R17 and the eighteenth resistor R18 form a high voltage protection circuit, which improves the overvoltage protection capability of the mutual recognition module circuit. When the voltage of the second communication bus is accidentally pulled up to an abnormal voltage, if the fifth transistor Q5 is always in the on state, it is easy to burn out. The seventeenth resistor R17 and the eighteenth resistor R18 form a voltage to control the base voltage of the sixth transistor Q6, so that the sixth transistor Q6 is turned on and the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5 is pulled down, so that it automatically turns off the fifth transistor Q5.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the vehicle communication circuit also includes a power supply mode detection module, which includes: a seventh transistor Q7, a nineteenth resistor R19 and a twentieth resistor R20, wherein the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected between the base of the seventh transistor Q7 and the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6, the emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube Q0, and the collector of the seventh transistor Q7 is electrically connected to the fourth power supply terminal through the twentieth resistor R20.

[0055] In the above embodiment, when the electric bicycle is not equipped with a battery, the whole vehicle communication circuit can be activated by powering the charging port, and the working status of the on-board electrical equipment can be detected. Specifically, the power supply mode detection module can detect whether it is currently in the charging port power supply mode, and control the NMOS tube Q0 to be turned on in this mode, thereby realizing the power supply and detection of the on-board electrical equipment. This effectively solves the problem in the prior art that performance testing cannot be performed due to the lack of batteries, improves the flexibility and efficiency of production, and reduces production costs.

[0056] The power supply mode detection module includes a seventh transistor Q7, a nineteenth resistor R19 and a twentieth resistor R20. The nineteenth resistor R19 is connected between the base of the seventh transistor Q7 and the emitter of the sixth transistor Q6 to adjust the base current. The emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 is connected to the source of the NMOS tube Q0. The collector of the seventh transistor Q7 is connected to the fourth power supply terminal through the twentieth resistor R20. The collector of the seventh transistor Q7 serves as the detection terminal (or output terminal) of the power supply mode detection module. The high and low levels output by the detection terminal can detect whether the power supply of the mutual recognition module comes from the battery or the charging port when the NMOS tube Q0 is not turned on. For example, when powered by a battery, the current flows from the negative electrode of the charger (or the source of the NMOS tube Q0) through the body diode of the NMOS tube Q0 to the negative electrode of the battery, and the voltage difference between the negative electrode of the charger and the negative electrode of the battery is 0.5V-0.7V (the voltage depends on the material of the field effect tube). At this time, the base of the seventh transistor Q7 is pulled down and cannot be turned on, and the voltage at the detection end is high level; when powered by the charging port (no battery pack is installed between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery), when the fourth transistor Q4 is not turned on, the current of the positive electrode of the battery will flow through the fifteenth resistor R15, the twelfth resistor R12, the fifth transistor Q5 (bc pole), the twenty-second resistor R22 and the third diode D3 to the low-voltage power supply of the mutual recognition module, thereby forming a high voltage at the negative electrode of the battery. The voltage can be turned on by the nineteenth resistor R19 and pulled down by the seventh transistor Q7. At this time, the voltage at the detection end is low level. Therefore, the power supply source can be judged by the level of the detection end of the power supply mode detection module. When it is detected that the power is supplied by the charging port, the NMOS tube Q0 is controlled to be turned on, thereby realizing the power supply and performance detection of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment. The voltage of the fourth power supply terminal can be 3.3V or 5V.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the vehicle communication circuit also includes: a second receiving module, wherein the second receiving module is connected to the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through a second communication bus, and the second receiving module receives fourth data sent by the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment through the second communication bus, wherein the fourth data includes parameters of the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment; the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment based on the third data and the fourth data.

[0058] In the above embodiment, the second receiving module in the vehicle communication circuit can receive parameter data from the vehicle electrical equipment, and combine it with the battery parameter data sent by the single-chip microcomputer. In this way, the second receiving module receives the fourth data from the vehicle electrical equipment through the second communication bus, so that the single-chip microcomputer can verify whether the vehicle electrical equipment meets the requirements; based on the interaction of the third data and the fourth data, two-way authentication between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment is achieved, the reliability and safety of the system are improved, the potential safety hazards caused by mismatched vehicle electrical equipment are avoided, and accurate mutual recognition between the battery and the vehicle electrical equipment is achieved, thereby improving the reliability and compatibility of the system.

[0059] The second receiving module is connected to the on-board electrical equipment through the second communication bus, and is responsible for receiving the fourth data sent by the on-board electrical equipment. The data contains parameter information of the on-board electrical equipment, which may include the type, working status, power consumption, etc. of the electrical equipment. At the same time, combined with the third data mentioned earlier (battery parameters), the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can determine whether the battery is compatible with the on-board electrical equipment according to a preset algorithm or logic, and whether the output parameters of the battery need to be adjusted to meet the needs of the electrical equipment. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module can achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the on-board electrical equipment based on these data.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the second receiving module includes: a twenty-first resistor R21, a twenty-second resistor R22 and a third diode D3, wherein the twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 are connected in series between the second data receiving port of the single-chip computer and the second communication bus, the connection point between the twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the third diode, and the negative pole of the third diode is electrically connected to the fifth power supply terminal.

[0061] In the above embodiment, the second receiving module can effectively receive the fourth data from the on-board electrical equipment. Specifically, the voltage divider network composed of the twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 can stabilize signal transmission and prevent the influence of voltage fluctuations on the single-chip microcomputer. At the same time, the third diode D3 plays a protective role to prevent excessive voltage from damaging the data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer. This design improves the reliability and stability of the system and ensures the normal operation of the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module under various working environments. The twenty-first resistor R21 and the twenty-second resistor R22 form a voltage divider network to adjust the signal level received from the second communication bus to make it suitable for single-chip microcomputer processing; the third diode D3 is used as a clamping diode to prevent the receiving end voltage from being too high and protect the single-chip microcomputer from damage. The voltage of the fifth power supply terminal can be 3.3V or 5V.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module also includes a step-down circuit, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the step-down circuit are electrically connected to the positive pole of the charger and the negative pole of the charger respectively, and the output terminal of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the power supply terminal of the microcontroller, and the output terminal of the step-down circuit is used to provide an operating voltage to the microcontroller.

[0063] Through this step-down circuit, the high-voltage DC power provided by the charger (or battery) can be converted into a low-voltage DC power suitable for the operation of the microcontroller. The addition of the step-down circuit enables the microcontroller to obtain a stable operating voltage and work normally even without a battery. The voltage provided by the charger may be higher than the voltage required by the microcontroller (for example, the charger may be 12V or higher, while the microcontroller may require 3.3V or 5V). The step-down circuit is responsible for converting the higher input voltage into a lower voltage suitable for the operation of the microcontroller. The step-down circuit can provide one or more different low-voltage DC power, such as 3.3V, or 5V, or other voltages. The low-voltage DC power provided by the step-down circuit can not only provide the operating voltage for the microcontroller, but also provide power for other circuits in the mutual recognition module.

[0064] The voltages of the first power supply terminal to the fifth power supply terminal in the aforementioned embodiments can all be 3.3V or 5V.

[0065] It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0066] The embodiment of the present application provides an electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module (hereinafter referred to as the mutual recognition module) that complies with the national standard. According to the national standard, electric bicycles should have the charging and discharging mutual recognition function, so it is necessary to add a module next to the battery to establish a communication connection between the charger and the whole vehicle, and to open and close the charging circuit of the battery.

[0067] This application proposes a module based on a unidirectional N-type field effect tube (i.e., the aforementioned NMOS tube Q0) to control the on-off of the negative electrode, and uses the N-type field effect tube to control the charging circuit. Figure 2 shown. Figure 2 The diagram shows the charging circuit of the mutual recognition module connecting the battery and the charger. The positive pole (C+) of the charger is directly connected to the positive pole (B+) of the battery, the negative pole (C-) of the charger is connected to the source of the N-type field effect transistor inside the mutual recognition module, and the negative pole (B-) of the battery is connected to the drain of the N-type field effect transistor inside the mutual recognition module. When the N-type field effect transistor inside the mutual recognition module is not turned on, the charger cannot force charging to the battery.

[0068] The mutual recognition module proposed in this application takes power from the DC power between B+ (or C+) and C-, so whether the DC power is supplied from the charging port or from the battery (the parasitic body diode of the N-type field effect transistor allows the battery to supply power to the mutual recognition module), the mutual recognition module can be powered and work normally. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The dashed box with arrows in the figure represents two power supply circuits, and the dashed box without arrows represents the charge and discharge mutual recognition module.

[0069] The mutual recognition module proposed in this application has a communication function, and can establish a communication connection with the charger and other electrical accessories of the electric bicycle (corresponding to the aforementioned on-board electrical equipment) when the N-type field effect transistor is not turned on. The communication form adopts a single-line two-way communication method (low level is a dominant bit).

[0070] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of the internal electrical structure of a mutual recognition module provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a step-down circuit, a single-chip microcomputer, a charging communication circuit, a whole vehicle communication circuit and an NMOS tube Q0, wherein the step-down circuit is used to provide the working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer and the power required by other circuits in the mutual recognition module. The single-chip microcomputer communicates and recognizes with the charger through the charging communication circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer also communicates with other electrical equipment of the whole vehicle (corresponding to the aforementioned on-board electrical equipment) through the whole vehicle communication circuit.

[0071] The communication form between the mutual recognition module and the charger is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0072] This circuit requires an external pull-up power supply. This circuit can keep the level of the communication bus consistent with the transceiver end, and has over-current protection and over-voltage protection functions.

[0073] When the data transmission is at a high level, the control chip (such as a single-chip microcomputer) pulls the data transmission point level up to the chip power supply voltage of 3.3V / 5V. At this time, the first transistor Q1 is turned off. By adjusting the resistance values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5, the second transistor Q2 can be turned on to pull down the base of the third transistor Q3, thereby turning off the third transistor Q3. At this time, the bus should be pulled up to a high level state externally, and the data receiving port (corresponding to the aforementioned first data receiving port) should also be consistent with the communication bus level. Figure 5 The data transmission in corresponds to the aforementioned first data transmission port, Figure 5 The communication bus in corresponds to the aforementioned first communication bus.

[0074] When the data transmission is at a low level, the control chip pulls the data transmission point level to C- potential, at which time the first transistor Q1 is turned on and the second transistor Q2 is turned off, the first transistor Q1 can transmit 3.3V / 5V power to the base of the third transistor Q3, so that the third transistor Q3 is turned on, and the third transistor Q3 pulls the level of the communication bus down. And the low-level signal can be detected at the data receiving end.

[0075] If a low level signal is detected at the data receiving port when the data transmission is at a high level, it can be considered that the external device is sending data to the module.

[0076] Overvoltage protection: When the communication bus voltage is accidentally pulled up to an abnormal voltage, if the third transistor Q3 is always in the on state, it is easy to burn out. The present application uses the tenth resistor R10 and the fifth resistor R5 to form a voltage to control the base voltage of the second transistor Q2, so that the second transistor Q2 is turned on and the base voltage of the third transistor Q3 is pulled down, so that it automatically turns off the third transistor Q3. And when the communication bus is accidentally pulled up, the receiving circuit will discharge the electric energy through the first diode D1 and protect the port of the control chip.

[0077] Overcurrent protection: when the current flowing through the third transistor Q3 is too large, a voltage divider will be generated at both ends of the sixth resistor R6. This voltage will raise the emitter voltage of the third transistor Q3, thereby reducing the base current of the third transistor Q3 and causing the third transistor Q3 to enter the amplification region, thereby reducing the current borne by the third transistor Q3.

[0078] The communication form between the mutual recognition module and other electrical equipment of the vehicle (corresponding to the above-mentioned on-board electrical equipment) is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0079] When the N-type field effect tube is not in the on state, the negative electrode of the battery is not directly connected to the negative electrode of the mutual recognition module, and there is a diode in one direction. The above circuit can establish a communication connection between the mutual recognition module and other electrical equipment in the vehicle without turning on the N-type field effect tube. Similarly, the pull-up resistor of the communication bus is provided externally.

[0080] Figure 6 C- is the negative pole of the charger (also the negative pole of the mutual recognition module), connected to the source of the N-type field effect tube, and B- is the negative pole of the battery (the negative pole of other electrical equipment, the drain of the N-type field effect tube). When the N-type field effect tube is not turned on, there is a body diode of the field effect tube between C- and B-, with the anode being C- and the cathode being B-. When the battery is connected to B+ and B-, the battery's electrical energy can flow from the battery's positive pole B+ through the mutual recognition module back to the battery's negative pole B-.

[0081] When the N-type field effect tube is not turned on, the mutual recognition module sends a high-level signal to turn on the fourth transistor Q4, thereby lowering the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5 to turn it off. At this time, the bus voltage will be pulled up by the external pull-up; when the mutual recognition module sends a low level, the fourth transistor Q4 is turned off, and the current from B+ will pull up the base voltage of the fifth transistor Q5, making the fifth transistor Q5 turned on and lowering the bus level. When the N-type field effect tube is turned on, its working mode is similar to the above and will not be repeated. The principles of high-voltage protection and over-current protection are similar to those of the charging communication circuit and will not be repeated. Figure 6 The data transmission corresponds to the aforementioned second data transmission port, and the data reception corresponds to the aforementioned second data reception port. Figure 6 The communication bus in corresponds to the aforementioned second communication bus.

[0082] A power supply end detection circuit (corresponding to the aforementioned power supply mode detection module) formed by a nineteenth resistor R19, a twentieth resistor R20 and a seventh transistor Q7 is added to the circuit, and the high and low levels (such as Figure 6 The power supply mode detection port output level can detect whether the current module is powered by the battery or the charging port without turning on the N-type field effect tube.

[0083] When powered by a battery, current flows from C- through the body diode of the field effect tube to B-, and the voltage difference between C- and B- is 0.5V-0.7V (the voltage depends on the material of the field effect tube). At this time, the base of the seventh transistor Q7 is pulled down and cannot be turned on, and the detection voltage is high.

[0084] When powered by the charging port (no battery pack is installed between B+ and B-), when the fourth transistor Q4 is not turned on, the current of B+ will flow through the fifteenth resistor R15, the twelfth resistor R12, the fifth transistor Q5 (bc pole), the twenty-second resistor R22 and the third diode D3 to the low-voltage power supply of the mutual recognition module, thereby forming a high voltage at the B- position. This voltage can pass through the nineteenth resistor R19 to turn on the seventh transistor Q7 and pull it down, and the detection voltage is a low level.

[0085] It should be noted that: when the device provided in the above embodiment realizes its function, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual application, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device and method embodiments provided in the above embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0086] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0087] The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0088] This application is intended to cover any modifications, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field not recorded in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module, characterized in that: include: Single chip microcomputer, charging communication circuit, vehicle communication circuit and NMOS tube, among which, The drain of the NMOS tube is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the source of the NMOS tube is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the charger, and the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the charger, wherein the electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module opens or closes the charging circuit of the battery through the NMOS tube; When the battery is installed in the electric bicycle, the single-chip microcomputer is configured to communicate with the charger through the charging communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the charger, and the single-chip microcomputer is also configured to communicate with the on-board electrical equipment through the vehicle communication circuit to achieve mutual recognition between the battery and the on-board electrical equipment; When the battery is not installed on the electric bicycle, when it is detected that the charging and discharging mutual recognition module of the electric bicycle is powered by the charging port, the single-chip microcomputer controls the NMOS tube to be turned on to power and detect the on-board electrical equipment, wherein the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the gate of the NMOS tube.

2. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging communication circuit includes: a first sending module and a first receiving module, wherein: The first sending module is connected to the charger via a first communication bus, and the first sending module sends first data via the first communication bus, wherein the first data includes parameters of the battery; The first receiving module is connected to the charger through the first communication bus, and the first receiving module receives second data sent by the charger through the first communication bus, wherein the second data includes parameters of the charger; The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the charger based on the first data and the second data.

3. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sending module includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first triode, a second triode and a third triode, wherein the emitter of the first triode is electrically connected to the first power supply end, the first resistor is connected between the emitter of the first triode and the base of the first triode, the base of the first triode is electrically connected to the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer through the second resistor, and the first data sending port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the base of the second triode through the third resistor. The emitter of the second triode is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube, the collector of the second triode is electrically connected to the base of the third triode, the collector of the third triode is electrically connected to the first communication bus, the collector of the first triode is electrically connected to the base of the third triode through the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor is connected between the base of the second triode and the emitter of the second triode, and the emitter of the third triode is electrically connected to the emitter of the second triode through the sixth resistor; The first receiving module includes: a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a first diode, wherein the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor are connected in series between the first data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the first communication bus, the connection point between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the first diode, and the negative electrode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first power supply end; The charging communication circuit further includes a ninth resistor, and the ninth resistor is connected between the first communication bus and the second power supply terminal.

4. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The charging communication circuit further includes: a tenth resistor and a second diode, wherein the tenth resistor is connected between the base of the second transistor and the cathode of the second diode, and the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first communication bus.

5. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle communication circuit includes: a second sending module, wherein: The second sending module is connected to the vehicle-mounted electrical device via a second communication bus, and the second sending module sends third data via the second communication bus, wherein the third data includes parameters of the battery.

6. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second sending module includes: an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a fourth transistor and a fifth transistor, wherein: The eleventh resistor is connected between the second data transmission port of the single-chip computer and the base of the fourth triode, the emitter of the fourth triode is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube, the collector of the fourth triode is electrically connected to the base of the fifth triode through the twelfth resistor, the thirteenth resistor is connected between the base of the fifth triode and the negative electrode of the battery, the emitter of the fifth triode is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery through the fourteenth resistor, the collector of the fifth triode is electrically connected to the second communication bus, and the collector of the fourth triode is also electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery through the fifteenth resistor; The vehicle communication circuit also includes a sixteenth resistor, and the sixteenth resistor is connected between the second communication bus and the third power supply terminal.

7. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vehicle communication circuit further includes: a sixth transistor, a seventeenth resistor and an eighteenth resistor, wherein: The collector of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the base of the fifth transistor, the emitter of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the base of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the second communication bus through the seventeenth resistor, and the eighteenth resistor is connected between the base of the sixth transistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor.

8. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vehicle communication circuit also includes a power supply mode detection module, which includes: a seventh transistor, a nineteenth resistor and a twentieth resistor, wherein the nineteenth resistor is connected between the base of the seventh transistor and the emitter of the sixth transistor, the emitter of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the source of the NMOS tube, and the collector of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the fourth power supply terminal through the twenty-third resistor.

9. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The vehicle communication circuit further includes: a second receiving module, wherein: The second receiving module is connected to the vehicle-mounted electrical device via the second communication bus, and the second receiving module receives fourth data sent by the vehicle-mounted electrical device via the second communication bus, wherein the fourth data includes parameters of the vehicle-mounted electrical device; The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module realizes mutual recognition between the battery and the on-board electrical equipment based on the third data and the fourth data.

10. The electric bicycle charging and discharging mutual recognition module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second receiving module includes: a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor and a third diode, wherein: The twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor are connected in series between the second data receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer and the second communication bus, the connection point between the twenty-first resistor and the twenty-second resistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the third diode, and the negative electrode of the third diode is electrically connected to the fifth power supply terminal.

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