Multipurpose overspeed quenching oil as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses multipurpose overspeed quenching oil as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of quenching oil. The multipurpose overspeed quenching oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-91 parts of base oil, 5-7 parts of a cooling accelerant, 0.5-2.0 parts of an antioxidant, 3-5 parts of a dispersing agent and 0.5-2.0 parts of an emulsifying agent. According to the technical scheme, the multifunctional overspeed quenching oil adopts the emulsifying agents with the cooling promoting effect in the workpiece quenching low-temperature stage, the emulsifying agents can promote the carried-out quenching oil to be fully emulsified to form emulsified liquid in the post-cleaning stage, floating oil is avoided, and therefore smoke generated in the tempering stage can be reduced; meanwhile, the emulsified liquid formed by the emulsified quenching oil has a certain antirust effect and can be used for preparing the cutting fluid, so that the quenching oil is recycled, the problem of waste liquid discharge of enterprises can be solved, and the production cost of the enterprises is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of quenching oil, and in particular to a multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The heat treatment process includes pre-cleaning, heating for austenitization, heat preservation, quenching, post-cleaning and tempering. Quenching is to heat the steel to a temperature above the critical temperature Ac3 (hypoeutectoid steel) or Ac1 (hypereutectoid steel), keep it warm for a period of time to make it fully or partially austenitized, and then cool it to below Ms (or isothermally near Ms) at a cooling rate greater than the critical cooling rate to transform it into martensite (or bainite).

[0003] Using different quenching media, the hardness, finish and deformation of the workpiece after quenching are very different. When using oily quenching media, due to the high boiling point of oil, better cooling capacity can be obtained in the initial stage of quenching the quenched parts into the oil, but the heated oil is not easy to dissipate heat, so when the temperature difference between the quenched parts and the quenching oil is reduced, the cooling capacity is poor. The use of quenching oil can achieve better deformation control than water, but the deep hardening ability of oil is not as good as water. Therefore, the use of ordinary quenching oil is generally used for workpieces with good hardenability and small cross-section. In situations where high hardening ability is required, special rapid quenching oil or ultra-fast quenching oil is required.

[0004] The main characteristics of super-speed quenching oil are low viscosity, relatively fast cooling speed in high and medium temperature zones, and relatively slow cooling speed in low temperature zones. It is suitable for large and medium alloy steels with low hardenability in industries such as bearings and gears. Although the super-speed quenching oil currently on the market can meet the hardness and metallographic structure requirements of customers, there is a common phenomenon of residual quenching oil in the post-cleaning stage. The quenching oil brought out from the workpiece not only causes the workpiece to be not cleaned cleanly, but also easily produces a large amount of oil smoke and waste gas in the tempering stage, causing environmental problems. In addition, the quenching oil currently on the market is difficult to be reused after quenching due to defects such as difficulty in separating oil and water and substandard water content. Therefore, the development of super-speed quenching oil that is not easy to produce oil smoke in the post-cleaning stage and has multiple uses is still an important problem to be solved by people in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-purpose ultra-speed quenching oil and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the problem that the existing ultra-speed quenching oil is easy to generate oil smoke in the post-cleaning stage and has a single purpose.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 85-91 parts of base oil, 5-7 parts of accelerator, 0.5-2.0 parts of antioxidant, 3-5 parts of dispersant, and 0.5-2.0 parts of emulsifier;

[0007] Wherein, the emulsifier includes at least one of sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, oleic acid diethanolamide and triethanolamine monooleate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the base oil includes at least one of No. 7 white oil, No. 10 white oil and No. 15 white oil.

[0009] In one embodiment, the cooling agent includes polyisobutylene, and the weight average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 1000-2400.

[0010] In one embodiment, the antioxidant is obtained by mixing 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and alkylated diphenylamine in a mass ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5).

[0011] In one embodiment, the dispersant includes polyisobutylene succinimide or calcium alkyl salicylate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 8 to 15 mm at 40°C. 2 / s; and / or,

[0013] The viscosity index of the base oil is 100-105.

[0014] In one embodiment, the water content of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil is below 300 ppm.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for preparing the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil is obtained by mixing the base oil, the cooling agent, the antioxidant, the dispersant and the emulsifier.

[0017] In one embodiment, the step of mixing the base oil, the catalytic agent, the antioxidant, the dispersant and the emulsifier to obtain the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil comprises:

[0018] The base oil is heated to a first temperature, and a quenching agent, an antioxidant, an emulsifier and a dispersant are sequentially added to the heated base oil to obtain a mixture;

[0019] The mixture is heated to a second temperature and subjected to a water removal treatment to obtain the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first temperature is 50-60° C.; and / or,

[0021] The second temperature is 100-110° C.; and / or,

[0022] The time for the water removal treatment is 2 to 3 hours.

[0023] In one embodiment, the step of heating the base oil to a first temperature and sequentially adding a quenching agent, an antioxidant, an emulsifier and a dispersant to the heated base oil to obtain a mixture comprises:

[0024] The base oil is heated to a first temperature, a cooling agent, an antioxidant and an emulsifier are sequentially added to the heated base oil, and a dispersant is added after stirring for 2 to 3 hours, and the mixture is stirred for 1 to 2 hours to obtain a mixture;

[0025] Wherein, the rotation speed during the stirring is 350-600 rpm.

[0026] The invention proposes an application of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil in quenching of metal materials.

[0027] The invention proposes an application of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil in preparing cutting fluid.

[0028] The multifunctional ultra-fast quenching oil provided by the technical solution of the present invention utilizes the synergistic effect of base oil, refrigerant, antioxidant, dispersant and emulsifier to improve the cooling rate of quenching oil, and can meet the requirements of workpiece processing for ultra-fast quenching oil. The technical solution of the present invention adopts an emulsifier that has a cooling effect in the low-temperature stage of workpiece quenching, and these emulsifiers can promote the quenching oil brought out by the workpiece to fully emulsify and form an emulsion in the post-cleaning stage, avoiding the appearance of floating oil, thereby reducing the generation of smoke in the tempering stage; at the same time, the emulsion formed by the emulsified quenching oil has a certain anti-rust effect and can be used to prepare cutting fluid, thereby realizing the reuse of quenching oil, which can not only solve the problem of waste liquid discharge of enterprises, but also effectively reduce the production cost of enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a water separation test result diagram of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the water separation test results of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil of comparative example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0035] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0036] The heat treatment process includes pre-cleaning, heating for austenitization, heat preservation, quenching, post-cleaning and tempering. Quenching is to heat the steel to a temperature above the critical temperature Ac3 (hypoeutectoid steel) or Ac1 (hypereutectoid steel), keep it warm for a period of time to make it fully or partially austenitized, and then cool it to below Ms (or isothermally near Ms) at a cooling rate greater than the critical cooling rate to transform it into martensite (or bainite).

[0037] Using different quenching media, the hardness, finish and deformation of the workpiece after quenching are very different. When using oily quenching media, due to the high boiling point of oil, better cooling capacity can be obtained in the initial stage of quenching the quenched parts into the oil, but the heated oil is not easy to dissipate heat, so when the temperature difference between the quenched parts and the quenching oil is reduced, the cooling capacity is poor. The use of quenching oil can achieve better deformation control than water, but the deep hardening ability of oil is not as good as water. Therefore, the use of ordinary quenching oil is generally used for workpieces with good hardenability and small cross-section. In situations where high hardening ability is required, special rapid quenching oil or ultra-fast quenching oil is required.

[0038] The main characteristics of super-speed quenching oil are low viscosity, relatively fast cooling speed in high and medium temperature zones, and relatively slow cooling speed in low temperature zones. It is suitable for large and medium alloy steels with low hardenability in industries such as bearings and gears. Although the super-speed quenching oil on the market can meet the hardness and metallographic structure requirements of customers, there is a common phenomenon of residual quenching oil in the post-cleaning stage. The quenching oil brought out from the workpiece not only causes the workpiece to be not cleaned cleanly, but also easily produces a large amount of oil smoke and waste gas in the tempering stage, causing environmental problems. In addition, in order to achieve the reuse of floating oil in the cleaning tank, the quenching oil on the market usually chooses to add an anti-emulsifier to the quenching oil to improve the oil-water separation, but in actual production, the quenching oil with the addition of an anti-emulsifier still has defects such as difficulty in separating oil and water and substandard water content, which makes it difficult for the quenching oil to be reused. Therefore, the development of super-speed quenching oil that is not easy to produce oil smoke in the post-cleaning stage and has multiple uses is still an important problem to be solved by personnel in this field.

[0039] In view of this, the present invention proposes a multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 85-91 parts of base oil, 5-7 parts of catalytic agent, 0.5-2.0 parts of antioxidant, 3-5 parts of dispersant, and 0.5-2.0 parts of emulsifier;

[0040] Wherein, the emulsifier includes at least one of sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, oleic acid diethanolamide and triethanolamine monooleate.

[0041] The multifunctional ultra-fast quenching oil provided by the technical solution of the present invention makes full use of the synergistic effect of base oil, refrigerant, antioxidant, dispersant and emulsifier, improves the cooling rate of quenching oil, and can meet the requirements of workpiece processing for ultra-fast quenching oil. The technical solution of the present invention adopts an emulsifier that has a cooling effect in the low-temperature stage of workpiece quenching. These emulsifiers can promote the quenching oil taken out to fully emulsify and form an emulsion in the post-cleaning stage, avoiding the appearance of floating oil, thereby reducing the generation of smoke in the tempering stage; at the same time, the emulsion formed by the emulsified quenching oil has a certain anti-rust effect, and can be used as a metalworking fluid after filtration, thereby realizing the reuse of quenching oil, solving the problem of waste liquid discharge of enterprises, and effectively reducing the production cost of enterprises.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the base oil includes at least one of No. 7 white oil, No. 10 white oil and No. 15 white oil. The base oil is the main component of the quenching oil and provides basic physical properties such as viscosity and thermal stability. The quality of the base oil is directly related to the quality of the quenching oil. The technical solution of the present invention selects highly refined hydrogenated mineral oils such as No. 7 white oil, No. 10 white oil or No. 15 white oil as the base oil, which has a wide source and is conducive to reducing the cost of the quenching oil. It also has good thermal stability and antioxidant properties, is not easy to decompose and volatilize under high temperature conditions, and has a suitable viscosity for easy processing.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant includes polyisobutylene, and the weight average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 1000-2400. Although the base oil has a certain cooling capacity, it cannot meet the quenching process requirements. Adding a refrigerant to the base oil can adjust the cooling rate of the oil. The quality of the refrigerant performance directly affects the quality of the quenched workpiece and the service life of the quenching oil. The refrigerant is generally a polymer compound with a large polarity and a certain hydrophilicity. They can penetrate the steam film formed by the evaporation of water on the surface of the workpiece and reach the surface of the workpiece. When the refrigerant molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece, the heat transfer is accelerated. This process causes the quenching cooling to transition to the boiling stage (i.e., boiling cooling) faster. At this stage, the liquid in the quenching oil quickly absorbs a large amount of heat, forming violent bubble activity, which significantly improves the cooling rate. The technical solution of the present invention selects polyisobutylene with a weight average molecular weight of 1000-2400 as a cooling agent, which has a viscosity-increasing effect, has a significant effect on improving the characteristic temperature, and also has a certain promoting effect on the low-temperature cooling performance, and can shorten the cooling time of 800-400°C.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant is obtained by mixing 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and alkylated diphenylamine in a mass ratio of 1: (0.2-0.5). Most polymers can react with oxygen, resulting in degradation or cross-linking, especially during heat treatment, the oxidation rate is faster. If the oil has poor antioxidant properties, it is easy to cause the oil to gradually deteriorate, thereby significantly reducing the cooling performance and failing to meet the quenching quality requirements. In order to improve the thermal oxidation stability of quenching oil, a suitable antioxidant needs to be added to the oil. 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol is a phenol-type antioxidant, and alkylated diphenylamine is an amine-type antioxidant. The technical solution of the present invention utilizes the synergistic antioxidant properties of the two types of antioxidants, which helps to improve the thermal oxidation stability and extend the service life. In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol to alkylated diphenylamine is set to 1: 0.5.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant includes polyisobutylene succinimide or calcium alkyl salicylate. The dispersant can stably disperse various additives of the quenching oil in the base oil through the polymer steric hindrance effect, and prevent other components from forming precipitation or aggregation in the oil.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40°C is 8 to 15 mm 2 / s. Kinematic viscosity affects the fluidity of quenching oil. Lower viscosity means better fluidity, which can improve the contact efficiency between quenching oil and workpiece surface, thereby accelerating cooling; higher viscosity will slow down cooling. Excessive viscosity may also lead to foam formation, which is difficult to eliminate, interfering with the quenching process and reducing cooling efficiency. The kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40°C is set at 8-15mm 2 / s, which helps to balance wettability, cooling requirements and processability requirements.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, the viscosity index of the base oil is 100 to 105. The viscosity index reflects the degree of change in the viscosity of the base oil when the temperature changes. The base oil with a high viscosity index has a smaller decrease in viscosity when the temperature rises, and can maintain a stable viscosity in a wider temperature range to ensure the cooling characteristics during the quenching process. Setting the viscosity index of the base oil in the range of 100 to 105 helps the quenching oil maintain good thermal stability.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the water content of the multi-purpose super-speed quenching oil is below 300ppm. When the quenching oil contains a high amount of water, the steam film time of the quenching oil will be prolonged and unstable, which may easily cause the hardness of the quenched workpiece to be insufficient, soft spots to appear, deformation of the workpiece, or even cracking. It will also accelerate the decay of the quenching oil, increase the tendency of the quenching oil to generate sludge and carbon deposition, and shorten the service life of the oil; if the water content in the quenching oil is too high, it will also increase the dangerous tendency of the quenching oil to boil over, overflow, and even cause fire. Keeping the water content of the multi-purpose super-speed quenching oil below 300ppm helps to ensure the quality of the quenching process, extend the life of the oil, and protect the workpiece from corrosion.

[0049] The present invention provides a method for preparing the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil, comprising the following steps:

[0050] The multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil is obtained by mixing the base oil, the cooling agent, the antioxidant, the dispersant and the emulsifier.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of mixing the base oil, the catalytic agent, the antioxidant, the dispersant and the emulsifier to obtain the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil comprises:

[0052] The base oil is heated to a first temperature, and a quenching agent, an antioxidant, an emulsifier and a dispersant are sequentially added to the heated base oil to obtain a mixture;

[0053] The mixture is heated to a second temperature and subjected to a water removal treatment to obtain the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil.

[0054] The preparation method of the present invention first heats the base oil, then sequentially adds the quenching agent, antioxidant, rust inhibitor and emulsifier to the base oil, and finally adds the dispersant under continuous stirring. The base oil is heated before adding other raw materials, and the overall mixing effect of the raw materials is better. Finally, the dispersant is added to evenly and stably disperse the raw materials in the base oil.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature is 50-60° C. Setting the first temperature in the above range helps to improve the solubility, dispersibility and overall mixing effect of each component, while reducing the influence of air entrainment and moisture, and ensuring the quality and performance of the quenching oil.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second temperature is 100-110° C. Setting the second temperature within the above range can make the water content of the multi-purpose ultra-speed quenching oil below 300 ppm.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dehydration treatment time is 2 to 3 hours. The dehydration treatment time is set within the above range so that the water content of the multi-purpose ultra-speed quenching oil meets the requirements while controlling the production cost.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of heating the base oil to a first temperature and sequentially adding a quenching agent, an antioxidant, an emulsifier and a dispersant to the heated base oil to obtain a mixture comprises:

[0059] The base oil is heated to a first temperature, a cooling agent, an antioxidant and an emulsifier are sequentially added to the heated base oil, and a dispersant is added after stirring for 2 to 3 hours, and the mixture is stirred for 1 to 2 hours to obtain a mixture;

[0060] Wherein, the rotation speed during the stirring is 350-600 rpm.

[0061] The invention proposes an application of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil in quenching of metal materials.

[0062] The quenching oil of the technical solution of the present invention has a rapid cooling effect and is suitable for processing large workpieces with thick sections or poor hardenability.

[0063] The invention proposes an application of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil in preparing cutting fluid.

[0064] The emulsion formed after quenching of the quenching oil of the technical solution of the present invention has a certain anti-rust effect, can be used as a metalworking fluid after filtering, has good heat dissipation and cleaning properties, not only solves the problem of waste liquid discharge of the enterprise, but also effectively reduces the production cost of the enterprise.

[0065] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0066] In the following examples, the No. 7 white oil was purchased from Heshan Jundaer Lubricating Oil Co., Ltd., and the kinematic viscosity at 40°C was 8.1 mm 2 / s, viscosity index is 101;

[0067] The No. 10 white oil was purchased from Foshan Jinjian Lubricating Oil Co., Ltd., and the kinematic viscosity at 40°C was 10.8 mm 2 / s, viscosity index is 105;

[0068] The No. 15 white oil was purchased from Guangdong Zhongnan Nanlian Energy Co., Ltd., and the kinematic viscosity at 40°C was 14.29 mm 2 / s, viscosity index is 104;

[0069] The polyisobutylene was purchased from Shandong Hongrui New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0070] The 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol was purchased from Tianjin Yitaicheng Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0071] The alkylated diphenylamine was purchased from Shanghai Hansi Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0072] Polyisobutylene succinimide was purchased from Guangzhou Ruishengyan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0073] The sorbitan fatty acid esters were purchased from Nanjing Tianhong Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0074] The fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters were purchased from Jiangsu Haian Petrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0075] The oleic acid diethanolamide was purchased from Jiangsu Haian Petrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0076] The triethanolamine monooleate was purchased from Guangdong Guangye New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0077] The glyceryl monostearate was purchased from Jiangsu Haian Petrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] A multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 27.6 parts of No. 7 white oil, 59.6 parts of No. 15 white oil, 5 parts of polyisobutylene, 1 part of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 0.5 parts of alkylated diphenylamine, 4 parts of polyisobutylene succinimide and 1.8 parts of sorbitan fatty acid ester.

[0080] Please refer to Table 1 for the mass fractions of each component in Examples 2-5.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that no emulsifier is added.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the emulsifier is replaced by glyceryl monostearate from sorbitan fatty acid ester.

[0085] Example 6

[0086] A method for preparing a multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil comprises the following steps:

[0087] (1) adding base oil (25.4 parts of No. 7 white oil and 59.6 parts of No. 15 white oil) into a reaction kettle, and starting stirring and heating, raising the temperature to 55° C., sequentially adding 7 parts of polyisobutylene, 1.5 parts of antioxidant (mixed with 1 part of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 0.5 parts of alkylated diphenylamine) and 1 part of sorbitan fatty acid ester into the heated base oil, stirring at 450 rpm for 2 h, then adding 5 parts of polyisobutylene succinimide and continuing stirring for 1 h to obtain a mixture;

[0088] (2) The mixture is heated to 105° C., stirred and circulated for 2 hours, and the water content is tested to see if it is qualified (≤300 ppm). If the water content is high, stirring is continued to remove water. After the water content is tested to be qualified, the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil is obtained.

[0089] Table 1 Mass fractions of each component in the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] In Table 1, “ / ” indicates that the component is not contained.

[0093] Performance Testing

[0094] The cooling performance of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oils of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested according to Section 7 of JB / T 7951-2004. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0095] Table 2 Cooling performance test results of multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0096]

[0097] As can be seen from Table 2, the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oils of Examples 1-6 all have good cooling performance, and the cooling performance of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oils of Examples 1-6 is better than that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, indicating that adding the emulsifier in the scheme of the present invention helps to adjust the cooling rate.

[0098] The water separation property was tested according to Section 9 of GBT 7305-2003. Taking Example 2 as an example, the water separation property of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested. The water separation result after 15 minutes was as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0099] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the quenching oil in Example 2 is divided into two layers, the upper layer is an oil-in-water (O / W) system, and the lower layer is an emulsion; Figure 2 It can be seen that the quenching oil in Comparative Example 1 is divided into two layers, the upper layer is an oil-in-water (O / W) system, and the lower layer is clean water. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the quenching oil and water in Example 2 can be fully emulsified after mixing, while the lower layer of Comparative Example 1 is clear water and a stable emulsion cannot be formed.

[0100] According to the conventional quenching process and post-cleaning process, the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is used to quench the workpiece, and then the quenched workpiece is post-cleaned in a post-cleaning tank. The quenching oil brought out by the workpiece after quenching is emulsified in the post-cleaning tank to form an emulsion, and the emulsion formed by the emulsified quenching oil is collected, and the filtrate is filtered and collected. The stability, rust resistance, wettability and defoaming properties of the filtrate are tested, and the test method is as follows:

[0101] Stability test: Place at room temperature for 30 days and visually inspect whether there are any changes. The test results are shown in Table 3;

[0102] Rust resistance test: Tested in accordance with GB / T6144-2010, the test results are shown in Table 3;

[0103] Wettability test: refer to GBT12583-1998 to test the maximum non-seizure load PB value (maximum load without obvious wear), the test results are shown in Table 3;

[0104] Defoaming test: The test was carried out in accordance with GB / T6144-2010. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0105] Table 3 Performance test results of the filtrate obtained from the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0106] stability Rust resistance 5%wt, PB Defoaming Example 1 Unstratified No rust 50 14s Example 2 Unstratified No rust 53 13s Example 3 Unstratified No rust 51 14s Example 4 Unstratified No rust 48 16s Example 5 Unstratified No rust 49 14s Example 6 Unstratified No rust 55 13s Comparative Example 1 Water precipitates from the lower layer A little rust 28 32min Comparative Example 2 Water precipitates from the lower layer A little rust 32 19min

[0107] As can be seen from Table 3, the test results of Examples 1-6 are better than those of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. The filtrate obtained from the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil of Examples 1-6 has good stability, rust resistance and wettability, qualified defoaming effect, good performance in all aspects, and is close to the mineral oil-based cutting fluid currently used in the market. The above results show that the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil provided by the technical solution of the present invention can be used to prepare cutting fluid.

[0108] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85 to 91 parts of base oil, 5 to 7 parts of accelerator, 0.5 to 2.0 parts of antioxidant, 3 to 5 parts of dispersant and 0.5 to 2.0 parts of emulsifier; Wherein, the emulsifier includes at least one of sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, oleic acid diethanolamide and triethanolamine monooleate.

2. The multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base oil comprises at least one of No. 7 white oil, No. 10 white oil and No. 15 white oil; and / or, The cooling agent comprises polyisobutylene, and the weight average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 1000 to 2400; and / or, The antioxidant is obtained by mixing 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and alkylated diphenylamine in a mass ratio of 1:(0.2-0.5); and / or, The dispersant includes polyisobutylene succinimide or calcium alkyl salicylate.

3. The multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 8 to 15 mm at 40°C. 2 / s; and / or, The viscosity index of the base oil is 100-105.

4. The multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water content of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil is below 300 ppm.

5. A method for preparing the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil is obtained by mixing the base oil, the cooling agent, the antioxidant, the dispersant and the emulsifier.

6. The method for preparing the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of mixing the base oil, the catalytic agent, the antioxidant, the dispersant and the emulsifier to obtain the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil comprises: The base oil is heated to a first temperature, and a quenching agent, an antioxidant, an emulsifier and a dispersant are sequentially added to the heated base oil to obtain a mixture; The mixture is heated to a second temperature and subjected to a water removal treatment to obtain the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil.

7. The method for preparing the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first temperature is 50-60° C.; and / or, The second temperature is 100-110° C.; and / or, The time for the water removal treatment is 2 to 3 hours.

8. The method for preparing the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of heating the base oil to a first temperature and sequentially adding a quenching agent, an antioxidant, an emulsifier and a dispersant to the heated base oil to obtain a mixture comprises: The base oil is heated to a first temperature, a cooling agent, an antioxidant and an emulsifier are sequentially added to the heated base oil, and a dispersant is added after stirring for 2 to 3 hours, and the mixture is stirred for 1 to 2 hours to obtain a mixture; Wherein, the rotation speed during the stirring is 350-600 rpm.

9. Use of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in quenching metal materials.

10. Use of the multi-purpose ultra-fast quenching oil according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in preparing cutting fluid.

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