Photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: providing a battery piece; the front surface of the battery piece is covered with an uncured film layer; attaching a plurality of particles to the film layer by adopting a physical adsorption process; wherein the radial size of the particles is 1 [mu] m-10 [mu] m. The appearance of the surface of the film layer can be improved, so that the light loss of the surface of the film layer is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Back contact (BC) solar cells are a special solar cell design, whose main feature is that the metal contact point of the cell is located on the back of the cell, which helps to reduce the shadow of the front surface and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. With the continuous advancement of technology and the reduction of costs, back contact solar cells are expected to be more widely used in the future.

[0003] However, after the front of the BC solar cell is coated, bubbles and a rough surface are prone to appear in the film layer, which will cause some light loss, and the rough film surface makes the cell easy to be scratched during the stacking process.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the morphology of the film surface and reduce the light loss on the film surface is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic module and a method for preparing the same, which can improve the morphology of the surface of the film layer, thereby reducing the light loss on the surface of the film layer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Providing a battery cell; the front side of the battery cell is covered with an uncured film layer;

[0008] A physical adsorption process is used to attach a number of particles to the film layer; wherein the radial size of the particles is 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the physical adsorption process is used to attach a plurality of particles to the film layer, including the following steps:

[0010] A plurality of particles enter the adsorption chamber through a particle introduction tube;

[0011] conveying the battery sheet into the adsorption chamber;

[0012] A number of particles adhere to the membrane layer under the action of gravity, achieving physical adsorption of the particles and the membrane layer.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, before transferring the battery sheet into the adsorption chamber, the method further includes:

[0014] The battery cell is transferred to a first cleaning chamber having a first purge pipe, and the battery cell is cleaned by using the first purge pipe, wherein the first purge pipe is also used to prevent particles from entering the environment outside the device.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the particles to the surface area of ​​the film layer is not less than 70%.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the surface of the particles is smooth and the hardness of the particles is less than that of silicon nitride.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, after a number of particles are attached to the film layer by a physical adsorption process, the method further includes: curing the film layer by a curing process.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, after a number of particles are attached to the film layer using a physical adsorption process, the method further includes: transferring the battery cell to a second cleaning chamber having a second purge tube, retaining the particles attached to the film layer, and using the second purge tube to clean the remaining particles.

[0019] In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present application further provide a photovoltaic module, comprising: a film layer and a plurality of particles attached to the film layer, wherein the radial size of the particles is 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the particles to the surface area of ​​the film layer is not less than 70%.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the surface of the particles is smooth and the hardness of the particles is less than that of silicon nitride.

[0022] The photovoltaic module and the preparation method thereof provided in the present application may have / at least have the following advantages:

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, the front of the battery cell is covered with an uncured film layer, and a number of particles with a radial size of 1μm to 10μm are attached to the film layer by a physical adsorption process. In this way, by attaching particles to the film layer, the morphology of the film layer on the front of the battery can be directly improved, making the surface of the film layer more uniform, reducing the reflection of light on the surface of the film layer, thereby increasing the number of incident photons, increasing the battery current, and reducing the current loss of the battery caused by the coating. At the same time, by attaching particles to the film layer, the undulations of the film surface can be increased, thereby increasing the light trapping effect and reducing the light loss on the surface of the film layer. Moreover, in the embodiment of the present application, the equipment concept used in the preparation method of the photovoltaic module does not belong to vacuum equipment, and can be incorporated into existing production equipment for assembly line production.

[0024] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the use of particles with a smooth surface and / or a hardness less than that of silicon nitride can make the contact area between the battery cells smaller without damaging the battery cells, that is, reducing the possibility of scratching the battery cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of step S200 in a method for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a structure obtained in step S100 in a method for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a photovoltaic module modification device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a structure obtained in step S200 in a method for preparing a photovoltaic module provided in some embodiments of the present application; and Figure 6 It is also a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a photovoltaic component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1-cell; 10-substrate; 11-anti-reflection layer; 2-film layer; 3-particles; 41-particle inlet pipe; 42-particle outlet pipe; 43-purge pipe; 5-first purge pipe; 51-first upper purge pipe; 52-first lower purge pipe; 6-conveyor belt; 7-second purge pipe; 71-second upper purge pipe; 72-second lower purge pipe;

[0034] A-adsorption chamber; B-first cleaning chamber; C-second cleaning chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0037] It should be understood that although the terms first and second can be used to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, collector structures and / or parts, these elements, components, regions, layers, collector structures and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, collector structure or part from another element, component, region, layer, collector structure or part. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the present application, the first element, component, region, layer, collector structure or part discussed below can be represented as a second element, component, region, layer or part; for example, the first collector structure can be referred to as the second collector structure, and similarly, the second collector structure can be referred to as the first collector structure; the first collector structure and the second collector structure are different collector structures. It should be understood that in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, the spatial relationship terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as "below other elements" or "below" or "below" will be oriented as "on" other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "below" and "beneath" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. Furthermore, the device can be included in alternative orientations (eg, rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatial descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0038] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that when the terms "consisting of" and / or "comprising" are used in this specification, the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or parts can be determined, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or groups is not excluded. At the same time, when used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0039] Solar cells, also known as solar chips or photovoltaic cells, can instantly output voltage and generate current in a circuit as long as they are illuminated by light that meets certain illumination conditions. In physics, this process is called solar photovoltaic, or PV for short. The main principle of solar cells is the photovoltaic effect or the photochemical effect, through which it can directly convert light energy into electrical energy.

[0040] Back contact (BC) solar cells are a special solar cell design, whose main feature is that the metal contact point of the cell is located on the back of the cell, rather than the front surface of the traditional design. This design helps to reduce the shadowing of the front surface and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. BC solar cells have many advantages, such as higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, lower temperature coefficient and better weak light response, which make BC solar cells have broad application prospects in the photovoltaic field. With the continuous advancement of technology and the reduction of costs, BC solar cells are expected to be more widely used in the future.

[0041] Among them, busbar-free technology is an important direction for the cost reduction of BC solar cells in the future. The film connection method of BC solar cells can be applied to busbar-free connection schemes and low-temperature connection schemes. It pre-fixes the solder strip on the cell sheet by heating the adhesive film and completes the final electrical connection during lamination. However, please refer to Figure 1 At present, after the front side of the cell 1 (including the stacked substrate 10 and the anti-reflection layer 11) is coated, the film layer 2 is prone to bubbles 21 and a rough surface (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure), some light loss will occur (the arrow in the figure indicates the propagation direction of light), and the rough surface of the film layer 2 makes it easy for the cell to be scratched during the stacking process. Therefore, how to improve the morphology of the film layer surface to reduce the light loss on the film layer surface is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0042] Based on this, the present application provides a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the morphology of the film surface and thus reduce the light loss on the film surface.

[0043] See also Figure 2 , the present application provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, including steps S100 to S200.

[0044] S100, providing a battery cell. The front side of the battery cell is covered with an uncured film layer.

[0045] S200, a plurality of particles are attached to the film layer by a physical adsorption process, wherein the radial size of the particles is 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the front of the battery cell is covered with an uncured film layer, and a number of particles with a radial size of 1μm to 10μm are attached to the film layer by a physical adsorption process. In this way, by attaching particles to the film layer, the morphology of the film layer on the front of the battery can be directly improved, making the surface of the film layer more uniform, reducing the reflection of light on the surface of the film layer, thereby increasing the number of incident photons, increasing the battery current, and reducing the current loss of the battery caused by the coating. At the same time, by attaching particles to the film layer, the undulations of the film surface can be increased, thereby increasing the light trapping effect and reducing the light loss on the surface of the film layer. Moreover, in the embodiment of the present application, the equipment concept used in the preparation method of the photovoltaic module does not belong to vacuum equipment, and can be incorporated into existing production equipment for assembly line production.

[0047] In some examples, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm to 2 μm, 2 μm to 3 μm, 3 μm to 4 μm, 4 μm to 5 μm, 5 μm to 6 μm, 6 μm to 7 μm, 7 μm to 8 μm, 8 μm to 9 μm or 9 μm to 10 μm. For example, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm or 10 μm, etc.

[0048] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 Step S200 uses a physical adsorption process to attach a plurality of particles to the film layer, including steps S210 to S230.

[0049] S210, a plurality of particles enter the adsorption chamber through a particle inlet tube.

[0050] S220, transferring the battery cell into the adsorption chamber.

[0051] S230, a plurality of particles are attached to the membrane layer under the action of gravity, thereby achieving physical adsorption of the particles and the membrane layer.

[0052] In some embodiments, before the step S220 of transferring the battery sheet into the adsorption chamber, the step S215 is also included:

[0053] The battery cell is transferred to a first cleaning chamber having a first purge pipe, and the battery cell is cleaned by using the first purge pipe, wherein the first purge pipe is also used to prevent particles from entering the environment outside the device.

[0054] In some embodiments, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the microparticles to the surface area of ​​the film layer is not less than 70%.

[0055] In some examples, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the particles 3 to the surface area of ​​the film layer 2 may be 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%, etc.

[0056] In some embodiments, the microparticles have a smooth surface and a hardness less than that of silicon nitride.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the use of particles with a smooth surface and / or a hardness less than that of silicon nitride can make the contact area between the battery cells smaller without damaging the battery cells, that is, reducing the possibility of scratching the battery cells.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the execution of each step in the method is not strictly limited in order, and these steps may not necessarily be executed in the order described, but may be executed in other ways. Moreover, at least a part of any step may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but may be executed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps. The method is limited to being able to achieve the preparation of the corresponding photovoltaic module.

[0059] Based on this, with respect to the methods for preparing photovoltaic modules provided in some of the above embodiments, the following embodiments of the present application illustrate some methods as some possible implementation methods of the above preparation methods.

[0060] In some embodiments, after the step S200 uses a physical adsorption process to attach a plurality of particles to the film layer, the step further includes a step S300 of curing the film layer using a curing process.

[0061] In some embodiments, after the step S200 uses a physical adsorption process to attach a number of particles to the film layer, the step further includes a step S300': transferring the battery cell to a second cleaning chamber having a second purge tube, retaining the particles attached to the film layer, and using the second purge tube to clean the remaining particles.

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the method for preparing the photovoltaic module provided in the above embodiment, Figures 4 to 6 The preparation method is described in detail.

[0063] In step S100, refer to Figure 4 , providing a battery cell 1. The front side of the battery cell 1 is covered with an uncured film layer 2.

[0064] In some examples, the cell 1 includes a substrate 10 and an anti-reflection layer 11 which are stacked in sequence.

[0065] By way of example, the base 10 includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, wherein the first surface of the substrate may be the front surface and the second surface may be the back surface, or the first surface of the substrate may be the back surface and the second surface may be the front surface.

[0066] Further, for example, the battery is a single-sided battery, the front side of the substrate can be used as a light-receiving surface for receiving incident light, and the back side is used as a backlight surface.

[0067] For example, the front side of the substrate has a protruding pyramid structure, and the anti-reflection layer 11 covers the pyramid structure.

[0068] By way of example, the substrate includes: a textured crystalline silicon substrate or a textured glass substrate.

[0069] In some examples, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure close to the anti-reflection layer 11 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure far from the anti-reflection layer 11 .

[0070] Here, it should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure can gradually increase in the direction away from the anti-reflection layer 11. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure can be triangular or circular. The size and shape of any cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure in this application are not limited.

[0071] In some embodiments, the anti-reflection layer 11 is used to reduce or eliminate reflected light from the surface of the solar cell, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the surface of the solar cell and reducing or eliminating stray light of the system.

[0072] In some examples, the material of the anti-reflection layer 11 includes silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride.

[0073] In some embodiments, an evaporation method may be used to form an uncured film layer 2 on the front surface of the battery cell 1 .

[0074] In some embodiments, the film layer 2 includes an adhesive film.

[0075] In step S210, refer to Figure 5 , a number of particles 3 enter the adsorption chamber A through the particle inlet pipe 41.

[0076] In some examples, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm to 2 μm, 2 μm to 3 μm, 3 μm to 4 μm, 4 μm to 5 μm, 5 μm to 6 μm, 6 μm to 7 μm, 7 μm to 8 μm, 8 μm to 9 μm or 9 μm to 10 μm. For example, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm or 10 μm, etc.

[0077] In some embodiments, the surface of the microparticles 3 is smooth. The hardness of the microparticles 3 is lower than that of silicon nitride.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, using particles 3 with smooth surfaces and / or hardness less than that of silicon nitride can make the contact area between the battery cells 1 smaller without damaging the battery cells 1, that is, reducing the possibility of scratching the battery cells 1.

[0079] Here, it should be specially noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the adsorption chamber A is not a vacuum device and can be incorporated into the existing production equipment for assembly line production.

[0080] In some embodiments, a particle discharge pipe 42 is further provided in the adsorption chamber A. The particle discharge pipe 42 is used to discharge the residual particles 3 in the chamber.

[0081] In step S215, please continue to refer to Figure 5 , the battery cell 1 is transferred to a first cleaning chamber B having a first purge pipe 5, and the battery cell 1 is cleaned by using the first purge pipe 5. The first purge pipe 5 is also used to prevent the particles 3 from entering the environment outside the device.

[0082] Here, it should be particularly noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the first cleaning chamber B is not a vacuum device and can be incorporated into existing production equipment for assembly line production.

[0083] In some embodiments, a conveyor belt 6 may be used to convey the battery cell 1 to the first cleaning chamber B having a first purge pipe 5 .

[0084] In some embodiments, the first purge pipe 5 includes a first upper purge pipe 51 and a first lower purge pipe 52 .

[0085] In some examples, the first upper purge pipe 51 is used to clean the surface of the battery cell 1 , and the first lower purge pipe 52 is used to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6 .

[0086] Further, in some examples, the first upper purge pipe 51 can purge the surface of the battery cell 1 with nitrogen to clean the surface of the battery cell 1. The first lower purge pipe 52 can purge the surface of the conveyor belt 6 with nitrogen to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6.

[0087] In some embodiments, a particle exhaust pipe 42 is further disposed in the first cleaning chamber B. The particle exhaust pipe 42 is used to exhaust the residual particles 3 in the chamber.

[0088] In step S220, please continue to refer to Figure 5 , transfer the battery cell 1 to the adsorption chamber A.

[0089] In some embodiments, the battery sheet 1 may be transported to the adsorption chamber A by using a conveyor belt 6 .

[0090] In some examples, a purge pipe 43 is also provided in the adsorption chamber. The purge pipe 43 is used to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6.

[0091] In some examples, the purge pipe 43 can clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6 by purging the surface of the conveyor belt 6 with nitrogen.

[0092] In step S230, please continue to refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a number of particles 3 are attached to the membrane layer 2 under the action of gravity, achieving physical adsorption of the particles 3 and the membrane layer 2.

[0093] In some examples, a number of particles 3 enter the adsorption chamber A through the particle inlet tube 41 , and the particles 3 fall onto the film layer 2 on the front side of the battery cell 1 in the adsorption chamber A.

[0094] In some embodiments, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the particles 3 to the surface area of ​​the film layer 2 is not less than 70%.

[0095] In some examples, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the particles 3 to the surface area of ​​the film layer 2 may be 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%, etc.

[0096] In step S300, the film layer is cured by using a curing process.

[0097] In step S300 ′, the battery cell 1 is transferred to a second cleaning chamber C having a second purge tube 7 , the particles 3 attached to the film layer 2 are retained, and the remaining particles 3 are cleaned using the second purge tube 7 .

[0098] Here, it should be particularly noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the second cleaning chamber C is not a vacuum device and can be incorporated into existing production equipment for assembly line production.

[0099] In some embodiments, a conveyor belt 6 may be used to convey the battery cell 1 to a second cleaning chamber C having a second purge pipe 7 .

[0100] In some embodiments, the second purge pipe 7 includes a second upper purge pipe 71 and a second lower purge pipe 72 .

[0101] In some examples, the second upper purge pipe 71 is used to clean the surface of the battery cell 1 , and the second lower purge pipe 72 is used to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6 .

[0102] Further, in some examples, the second upper purge pipe 71 can purge the surface of the battery cell 1 with nitrogen to retain the particles 3 attached to the film layer 2 and clean the remaining particles 3. The second lower purge pipe 72 can purge the surface of the conveyor belt 6 with nitrogen to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6.

[0103] In some embodiments, a particle exhaust pipe 42 is further disposed in the second cleaning chamber C. The particle exhaust pipe 42 is used to exhaust the residual particles 3 in the chamber.

[0104] Please continue reading Figure 6 Some embodiments of the present application further provide a photovoltaic module, including: a film layer 2 and a plurality of particles 3 attached to the film layer 2. The radial size of the particles 3 is 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0105] In the embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic module adopts the above structure. The technical effect that can be achieved by the photovoltaic module is the same as the technical effect that can be achieved by the preparation method of the photovoltaic module in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0106] In some examples, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm to 2 μm, 2 μm to 3 μm, 3 μm to 4 μm, 4 μm to 5 μm, 5 μm to 6 μm, 6 μm to 7 μm, 7 μm to 8 μm, 8 μm to 9 μm or 9 μm to 10 μm. For example, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm or 10 μm, etc.

[0107] In some embodiments, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the particles 3 to the surface area of ​​the film layer 2 is not less than 70%.

[0108] In some examples, the ratio of the attachment area of ​​the particles 3 to the surface area of ​​the film layer 2 may be 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%, etc.

[0109] In some embodiments, the surface of the microparticles 3 is smooth. The hardness of the microparticles 3 is lower than that of silicon nitride.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, using particles 3 with smooth surfaces and / or hardness less than that of silicon nitride can make the contact area between the battery cells 1 smaller without damaging the battery cells 1, that is, reducing the possibility of scratching the battery cells 1.

[0111] In some embodiments, the film layer 2 covers the front side of the battery cell 1 .

[0112] In some examples, the cell 1 includes a substrate 10 and an anti-reflection layer 11 which are stacked in sequence.

[0113] By way of example, the base 10 includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, wherein the first surface of the substrate may be the front surface and the second surface may be the back surface, or the first surface of the substrate may be the back surface and the second surface may be the front surface.

[0114] Further, for example, the battery is a single-sided battery, the front side of the substrate can be used as a light-receiving surface for receiving incident light, and the back side is used as a backlight surface.

[0115] For example, the front side of the substrate has a protruding pyramid structure, and the anti-reflection layer 11 covers the pyramid structure.

[0116] By way of example, the substrate includes: a textured crystalline silicon substrate or a textured glass substrate.

[0117] In some examples, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure close to the anti-reflection layer 11 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure far from the anti-reflection layer 11 .

[0118] Here, it should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure can gradually increase in the direction away from the anti-reflection layer 11. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure can be triangular or circular. The size and shape of any cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure in this application are not limited.

[0119] In some embodiments, the anti-reflection layer 11 is used to reduce or eliminate reflected light from the surface of the solar cell, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the surface of the solar cell and reducing or eliminating stray light of the system.

[0120] In some examples, the material of the anti-reflection layer 11 includes silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride.

[0121] In some embodiments, an evaporation method may be used to form an uncured film layer 2 on the front surface of the battery cell 1 .

[0122] In some embodiments, the film layer 2 includes an adhesive film.

[0123] Please continue reading Figure 5 Some embodiments of the present application also provide a photovoltaic module modification device, which is used to implement the photovoltaic module preparation method described in the above embodiment. The photovoltaic module modification device also has the technical effects that the photovoltaic module preparation method in the above embodiment can have, and will not be described in detail here.

[0124] In some embodiments, the modification device of the photovoltaic module includes: an adsorption chamber A, a first cleaning chamber B and a second cleaning chamber C. A first purge pipe 5 is provided in the first cleaning chamber B. The first purge pipe 5 is used to clean the battery cell 1 covered with an uncured film layer 2 on the front, and to prevent the particles 3 from entering the environment outside the equipment. The adsorption chamber A is connected to the first cleaning chamber B. A particle inlet pipe 41 is provided in the adsorption chamber A. The particle inlet pipe 41 is used to transport a plurality of particles 3 to the adsorption chamber A to achieve physical adsorption of the particles 3 and the film layer 2. The second cleaning chamber C is connected to the adsorption chamber A. A second purge pipe 7 is provided in the second cleaning chamber C. The second purge pipe 7 is used to clean the remaining particles 3 and retain the particles 3 attached to the film layer 2.

[0125] Here, it should be particularly noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the adsorption chamber A, the first cleaning chamber B and the second cleaning chamber C are not vacuum equipment, and can be incorporated into existing production equipment for assembly line production.

[0126] In some embodiments, the modification device of the photovoltaic module is mainly divided into two functional areas, namely, the purge area (the first cleaning chamber B and the second cleaning chamber C) and the particle attachment area (adsorption chamber A). The number of the two functional areas can be adjusted according to actual needs. The embodiment of the present application takes three chambers as an example. They are the first cleaning chamber B, the adsorption chamber A, and the second cleaning chamber C, respectively.

[0127] In some embodiments, the radial size of the particles 3 is 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0128] In some examples, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm to 2 μm, 2 μm to 3 μm, 3 μm to 4 μm, 4 μm to 5 μm, 5 μm to 6 μm, 6 μm to 7 μm, 7 μm to 8 μm, 8 μm to 9 μm or 9 μm to 10 μm. For example, the radial size of the particle 3 may be: 1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 5.5 μm, 6 μm, 6.5 μm, 7 μm, 7.5 μm, 8 μm, 8.5 μm, 9 μm, 9.5 μm or 10 μm, etc.

[0129] In some embodiments, a particle discharge pipe 42 is further provided in the adsorption chamber A. The particle discharge pipe 42 is used to discharge the residual particles 3 in the chamber.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first purge pipe 5 includes a first upper purge pipe 51 and a first lower purge pipe 52 .

[0131] In some examples, the first upper purge pipe 51 is used to clean the surface of the battery cell 1 , and the first lower purge pipe 52 is used to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6 .

[0132] Further, in some examples, the first upper purge pipe 51 can purge the surface of the battery cell 1 with nitrogen to clean the surface of the battery cell 1. The first lower purge pipe 52 can purge the surface of the conveyor belt 6 with nitrogen to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6.

[0133] In some examples, the cell 1 includes a substrate 10 and an anti-reflection layer 11 which are stacked in sequence.

[0134] By way of example, the base 10 includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, wherein the first surface of the substrate may be the front surface and the second surface may be the back surface, or the first surface of the substrate may be the back surface and the second surface may be the front surface.

[0135] Further, for example, the battery is a single-sided battery, the front side of the substrate can be used as a light-receiving surface for receiving incident light, and the back side is used as a backlight surface.

[0136] For example, the front side of the substrate has a protruding pyramid structure, and the anti-reflection layer 11 covers the pyramid structure.

[0137] By way of example, the substrate includes: a textured crystalline silicon substrate or a textured glass substrate.

[0138] In some examples, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure close to the anti-reflection layer 11 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure far from the anti-reflection layer 11 .

[0139] Here, it should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure can gradually increase in the direction away from the anti-reflection layer 11. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure can be triangular or circular. The size and shape of any cross-sectional area of ​​the pyramid structure in this application are not limited.

[0140] In some embodiments, the anti-reflection layer 11 is used to reduce or eliminate reflected light from the surface of the solar cell, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the surface of the solar cell and reducing or eliminating stray light of the system.

[0141] In some examples, the material of the anti-reflection layer 11 includes silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride.

[0142] In some embodiments, an evaporation method may be used to form an uncured film layer 2 on the front surface of the battery cell 1 .

[0143] In some embodiments, the film layer 2 includes an adhesive film.

[0144] In some embodiments, a particle exhaust pipe 42 is further disposed in the first cleaning chamber B. The particle exhaust pipe 42 is used to exhaust the residual particles 3 in the chamber.

[0145] In some examples, a purge pipe 43 is also provided in the adsorption chamber. The purge pipe 43 is used to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6.

[0146] In some examples, the purge pipe 43 can clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6 by purging the surface of the conveyor belt 6 with nitrogen.

[0147] In some embodiments, a conveyor belt 6 may be used to convey the battery cell 1 to a second cleaning chamber C having a second purge pipe 7 .

[0148] In some embodiments, the second purge pipe 7 includes a second upper purge pipe 71 and a second lower purge pipe 72 .

[0149] In some examples, the second upper purge pipe 71 is used to clean the surface of the battery cell 1 , and the second lower purge pipe 72 is used to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6 .

[0150] Further, in some examples, the second upper purge pipe 71 can purge the surface of the battery cell 1 with nitrogen to retain the particles 3 attached to the film layer 2 and clean the remaining particles 3. The second lower purge pipe 72 can purge the surface of the conveyor belt 6 with nitrogen to clean the surface of the conveyor belt 6.

[0151] In some embodiments, a particle exhaust pipe 42 is further disposed in the second cleaning chamber C. The particle exhaust pipe 42 is used to exhaust the residual particles 3 in the chamber.

[0152] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features of the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0153] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: Provide battery cells; The front side of the cell is covered with an uncured film layer; A number of particles are attached to the film layer by using a physical adsorption process; wherein the radial size of the particles is 1 μm to 10 μm.

2. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of attaching a plurality of particles to the film layer by a physical adsorption process comprises: The plurality of particles enter the adsorption chamber through the particle introduction tube; transferring the battery sheet into the adsorption chamber; The plurality of particles are attached to the film layer under the action of gravity, thereby achieving physical adsorption of the particles and the film layer.

3. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before transferring the battery sheet into the adsorption chamber, the method further includes: The battery cell is transferred to a first cleaning chamber having a first purge pipe, and the battery cell is cleaned by using the first purge pipe; Wherein, the first purge pipe is also used to prevent the particles from entering the environment outside the equipment.

4. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the attachment area of ​​the microparticles to the surface area of ​​the film layer is not less than 70%.

5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the particles is smooth; the hardness of the particles is less than that of silicon nitride.

6. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the plurality of particles are attached to the film layer by adopting a physical adsorption process, the method further comprises: curing the film layer by adopting a curing process.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the physical adsorption process is used to attach a plurality of particles to the film layer, the method further includes: The battery sheet is transferred to a second cleaning chamber having a second purge pipe, the particles attached to the film layer are retained, and the remaining particles are cleaned using the second purge pipe.

8. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A film layer and a plurality of particles attached to the film layer; wherein the radial size of the particles is 1 μm to 10 μm.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ratio of the attachment area of ​​the microparticles to the surface area of ​​the film layer is not less than 70%.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the particles is smooth; the hardness of the particles is less than that of silicon nitride.

Images