Recycling method and system of crystalline silicon photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module recovery, and discloses a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module recovery method, which comprises the following steps: S10, pretreating a photovoltaic module through pretreatment equipment to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module; s20, an auxiliary component of the photovoltaic module is dismounted through dismounting equipment to obtain a core component of the photovoltaic module, and the auxiliary component of the photovoltaic module comprises a frame and a junction box; s30, performing high-temperature pyrolysis on the core component of the photovoltaic module to obtain a pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, wherein the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module comprises a whole plate of glass, a battery panel, a welding strip and cullet; and S40, carrying out classification treatment on the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, and recycling the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling, and in particular to a method and system for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] Existing photovoltaic recycling mainly focuses on the separation of retired photovoltaic modules, such as thermal decomposition, mechanical method, chemical method, etc., which achieves component separation by removing EVA or changing the shape of EVA; it also involves the recycling of battery cells in photovoltaic modules.

[0003] As for the recycling and processing methods of photovoltaic modules, the chemical method uses the force of organic or inorganic agents to destroy the EVA interface to achieve the separation of photovoltaic laminates, and EVA can be recycled; the mechanical method uses mechanical methods such as grinding, shearing, and crushing to separate photovoltaic modules. If more valuable components are needed, further processing is required; the thermal decomposition method decomposes and removes EVA through thermal decomposition reaction at high temperature. No chemical agents are required, and glass, battery cells and other materials can be completely recycled, which can realize the multi-field application of recycled materials from retired photovoltaic modules.

[0004] Photovoltaic glass is mostly used in the production of crystalline silicon photovoltaic glass modules. It plays the role of encapsulation protection, fixed support and light transmission and scattering in photovoltaic modules. It is the raw material with the largest mass proportion in crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, accounting for more than 70% of the mass. The existing technology does not involve the treatment of photovoltaic glass after pyrolysis. Since the rolled surface of photovoltaic glass is a pyramid structure, when the entire photovoltaic module is pyrolyzed, if the residual material is embedded in the pyramid structure on the glass surface, the combined surface is large, which increases the difficulty of removing the residual material in the photovoltaic glass, thereby increasing the difficulty of recycling photovoltaic modules. Therefore, how to improve the recycling rate of retired photovoltaic modules is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problem of low recycling rate of existing retired photovoltaic components.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the method comprising:

[0007] S10, pre-treating the photovoltaic module by a pre-treating device to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module;

[0008] S20, removing auxiliary components of the photovoltaic module by means of a removal device to obtain core components of the photovoltaic module, wherein the auxiliary components of the photovoltaic module include a frame and a junction box;

[0009] S30, performing high-temperature pyrolysis on the core components of the photovoltaic module to obtain a pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, wherein the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module includes a whole glass panel, a solar panel, a welding ribbon, and broken glass;

[0010] S40, classify the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules, and distribute different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines; the recycling and transportation lines include a conveying device, a processing device, and a recycling device, the conveying device is used to separately transport the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, the processing device is used to separately process the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, and the recycling device is used to separately recycle the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components; wherein, distributing different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines includes placing the whole plate of glass into the recycling and transportation line, processing and recycling the whole plate of glass through a glass cleaning device, and placing the solar panels and solder strips into the recycling and transportation line for processing and recycling. Furthermore, before S10, the method also includes:

[0011] S01, obtaining product information of the photovoltaic module through a capture device, wherein the product information includes specifications of the photovoltaic module, and the processing device performs parameter settings according to the specifications of different photovoltaic modules.

[0012] Furthermore, the pretreatment equipment includes an upper cleaning part and a lower cleaning part, the upper cleaning part has a wind blowing function, the upper cleaning part is used to blow away surface impurities of the photovoltaic module, and the lower cleaning part is a roller brush, which is used to clean the smooth glass surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0013] Furthermore, the glass cleaning device includes an upper cleaning brush, a lower cleaning brush, and a conveying unit, wherein the upper cleaning brush is used to clean the upper surface of the entire plate of glass, the lower cleaning brush is used to clean the lower surface of the entire plate of glass, and the conveying unit is used to transport the entire plate of glass.

[0014] Furthermore, the glass cleaning device also includes a suction unit, which is used to suck impurities adhering to the entire plate of glass and impurities floating in the air inside the glass cleaning device.

[0015] Furthermore, the classification processing methods include wind classification, magnetic classification, and eddy current classification, wherein the wind classification separates the battery cells, welding ribbons and broken glass by wind force.

[0016] Furthermore, the glass cleaning device includes a sensor testing unit, and the sensor testing unit is used to detect the thickness of the entire plate of glass.

[0017] Furthermore, the recycling device includes a material sorting unit, and the material sorting unit is used to classify and recycle the materials in the recycling device.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, a recycling system for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules is provided, the system comprising:

[0019] A pretreatment device, wherein the pretreatment device is used to pretreatment the photovoltaic module to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module;

[0020] Dismantling equipment, the dismantling equipment is used to dismantle the photovoltaic assembly to obtain the core components of the photovoltaic assembly;

[0021] A pretreatment device, wherein the pretreatment device is used to pretreatment the photovoltaic module to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module;

[0022] Dismantling equipment, the dismantling equipment is used to dismantle the photovoltaic assembly to obtain the core components of the photovoltaic assembly;

[0023] A high-temperature pyrolysis device, wherein the high-temperature pyrolysis device is used to perform high-temperature pyrolysis on the core components of the photovoltaic module to obtain a pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, wherein the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module includes a whole glass panel, a battery panel, a welding ribbon, and broken glass;

[0024] Classification and processing equipment, the classification and processing equipment is used to classify different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines; the recycling and transportation lines include a conveying device, a processing device, and a recycling device, the conveying device is used to separately transport the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, the processing device is used to separately process the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, and the recycling device is used to separately recycle the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components; wherein, classifying different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines includes placing the whole plate of glass into the recycling and transportation line, processing and recycling the whole plate of glass through a glass cleaning device, and placing the battery panel and welding strip into the recycling and transportation line for processing and recycling. Furthermore, the system includes a capture device, the capture device is used to obtain product information of the photovoltaic module, the product information includes specifications of the photovoltaic module, and the processing device sets parameters according to the specifications of different photovoltaic modules.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the recycling method of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention decomposes retired photovoltaic modules into reusable photovoltaic modules, such as whole glass, battery panel materials, welding strips, etc., through high-temperature pyrolysis and classification treatment, thereby avoiding direct pollution of the environment by these wastes; at the same time, by-products such as broken glass generated during the recycling process can also be recycled through classification to provide raw materials for the fields of construction and road construction, thereby realizing the recycling of resources; the present invention optimizes the recycling process and improves the material utilization rate; after the present invention pyrolyzes the photovoltaic modules, when the photovoltaic glass is not cooled, the photovoltaic glass, battery cells and other materials are classified and recycled, and the photovoltaic glass is cleaned and impurities are removed, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic module recycling and the quality of recycled photovoltaic glass. The glass cleaning method used in the present invention can prevent the generation of sewage and protect the environment through dry cleaning, and reduce the consumption and pollution of water resources; the present invention can recycle whole glass after processing retired photovoltaic modules, so that the retired photovoltaic glass is fully recycled and utilized, effectively solving the problem of low recycling and reuse rate of existing retired photovoltaic modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a recycling system for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a flow chart of a recycling system for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module recycling method and a glass cleaning device in the system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure, 10, pretreatment equipment; 20, dismantling equipment; 30, high-temperature pyrolysis equipment; 40, classification and processing equipment; 50, recycling and transportation line; 51, processing and handling device; 52, recycling device; 60, glass cleaning device; 61, cleaning upper brush, 62, cleaning lower brush, 63, conveying unit; 64, sensor test unit; 65, suction unit; 70, whole plate glass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is a description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present invention to facilitate understanding, which should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, it should be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of the present invention. Similarly, for clarity and conciseness, the description of well-known functions and structures is omitted in the following description.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the method comprising:

[0035] S10, pre-treating the photovoltaic module by using the pre-treating device 10 to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module;

[0036] S20, removing auxiliary components of the photovoltaic module by means of a removal device 20 to obtain core components of the photovoltaic module, wherein the auxiliary components of the photovoltaic module include a frame and a junction box;

[0037] S30, performing high-temperature pyrolysis on the core components of the photovoltaic module to obtain a pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, wherein the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module includes a whole glass panel 70, a solar panel, a welding ribbon, and broken glass;

[0038] S40, classifying the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules, and dividing the different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules into different recycling and transportation lines 50; the recycling and transportation line 50 includes a conveying device, a processing device 51, and a recycling device 52, the conveying device is used to separately transport the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, the processing device 51 is used to separately process the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, and the recycling device 52 is used to separately recycle the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components; wherein, dividing the different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules into different recycling and transportation lines 50 includes placing the whole plate of glass 70 into the recycling and transportation line 50, processing and recycling the whole plate of glass 70 through the glass cleaning device 60, and placing the solar panel and welding strip into the recycling and transportation line 50 for processing and recycling.

[0039] Specifically, in step S10, the photovoltaic module enters the pretreatment equipment 10 with the backboard of the photovoltaic panel facing upward. The pretreatment equipment 10 is provided with a conveying roller and a pre-cleaning device. The pre-cleaning device provided on the conveying roller is used to pre-clean the surface of the photovoltaic module to remove surface sand and gravel or other impurities. The pre-cleaning device includes an upper cleaning component and a lower cleaning component. The upper cleaning component is a wind sweeper, which can blow off the debris on the backboard of the photovoltaic module to the collection container, and the lower cleaning component is a roller brush to clean the smooth surface of the photovoltaic glass. In step S20, the photovoltaic module is conveyed to the dismantling equipment 20, and the frame and junction box of the photovoltaic module are dismantled by the dismantling equipment 20. The dismantling equipment can adjust the scope of action of the dismantling action component according to the size of the photovoltaic module, so as to avoid dismantling the photovoltaic glass and causing it to break. The photovoltaic module is sucked / fixed by a vacuum suction cup or a manipulator and transferred to the pyrolysis treatment conveying roller and placed on a special collection tray. The collection tray is made of heat-resistant material, which can be silicon nitride, zirconium oxide, refractory ceramics, high-temperature alloys, metal materials, etc. The collecting tray is a mesh structure or a grid structure, which helps the bottom of the component to be heated and accelerates the pyrolysis process; there are hoisting structures on both sides of the collecting tray, which facilitates the transfer of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic components and the collecting tray to the next processing link, so that there is no need to wait for the photovoltaic glass to cool before transferring it to the next processing link, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the entire process. In step S30, the core components of the photovoltaic component first enter the heat preservation standby area of ​​the high-temperature pyrolysis equipment 30, waiting to enter the pyrolysis furnace of the high-temperature pyrolysis equipment 30; then, the core components of the photovoltaic component are sent to the pyrolysis furnace to obtain the pyrolyzed photovoltaic component. During the pyrolysis process, the EVA film and backplane of the photovoltaic component are thermally decomposed, and the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace can be set in the range of 480-500℃. After the pyrolysis treatment is completed, there are photovoltaic glass, battery cells, welding strips, and possibly a small amount of pyrolysis carbonized products on the tray. Such substances are generally light and will not adhere to the glass or battery. The photovoltaic component obtained after pyrolysis is sent to the discharge waiting area. In step S40, the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules are classified and processed, and different types of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules are divided into different recycling and transportation lines 50; the recycling and transportation line 50 includes a conveying device, a processing device 51, and a recycling device 52, the conveying device is used to separately transport the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, the processing device 51 is used to separately process the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, and the recycling device 52 is used to separately recycle the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components; wherein, the different types of pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules are divided into different recycling and transportation lines 50, including placing the whole plate glass 70 into the recycling and transportation line 50, processing and recycling the whole plate glass 70 through the glass cleaning device 60, and placing the battery panel and the welding strip into the recycling and transportation line 50 for processing and recycling. The conveying device classifies the photovoltaic modules and then conveys them to different recycling and transportation lines 50.The recycling transport line 50 is provided with a conveyor belt and a conveying mechanism for transportation, and the conveying device is also equipped with a hook, which is matched with the specifications of the hanging ear (hoisting structure) of the pallet, and the pallet can be smoothly transferred to the next processing link. A wind sorting mechanism is set above the conveyor belt for classification processing, and the wind direction blown by the wind sorting mechanism is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt. The wind sorting mechanism blows the battery sheets, welding belts, etc. on the photovoltaic glass in the photovoltaic assembly after pyrolysis to the valuable material recovery container on the side of the conveyor belt for recovery. At the same time, the photovoltaic glass is accelerated to cool down due to the wind force. The specific gravity of each substance on the surface of the photovoltaic glass is different. After the wind sweep, each substance enters a different recovery container, and these substances include valuable materials with recovery value. Among them, the length of the pallet along the conveyor belt direction should be less than the length of the photovoltaic glass, so that the photovoltaic glass can be smoothly transferred to the glass recovery conveyor belt by itself. In the process of glass cleaning, since the glass may be broken during the processing process, the pallet is set to a certain angle with the conveyor belt, so that the broken glass remaining on the pallet can be recovered. The recycling and transporting line 50 is also provided with a testing device for detecting the thickness of the glass. Before the whole plate glass 70 enters the glass cleaning device 60, a sensor testing unit 64 for testing the whole plate glass 70 is provided. By measuring the glass thickness, the height of the cleaning upper brush 61 to be lowered during glass cleaning is determined to ensure that sufficient force is applied to the surface of the whole plate glass 70. The sensor testing unit 64 can transmit ultrasonic waves to the whole plate glass 70 and use the interface to reflect the ultrasonic waves to calculate the thickness of the whole plate glass 70; other testing methods, such as infrared radiation, can also be used to calculate the thickness of the whole plate glass 70. The processing device 51 includes a free roller, a buffer mechanism, a transmission roller and a sensor mechanism. A photovoltaic module is placed on the free roller, the sensor is located below the photovoltaic module, and the transmission roller with a buffer mechanism is located above. The recycling device 52 further cleans the photovoltaic whole plate glass 70. The whole plate glass 70 is in a state where the embossed surface faces up and the smooth surface faces down, and the upper and lower surfaces of the glass are processed. The glass cleaning device 60 includes a cleaning upper brush 61, a cleaning lower brush 62 and a cleaning brush fixing bracket. At the same time, a negative pressure suction unit 65 is arranged at the outlet end of the glass cleaning device 60. The negative pressure suction unit 65 is used to absorb impurities generated during the cleaning process to avoid pollution problems. After such treatment, the pyrolysis residual substances on the glass surface are basically removed, the wavelength range of the glass transmittance is 380nm-1100nm, and the glass transmittance is at least increased by 1.59-3 times. The treated whole plate glass 70 can be recycled as a new glass material. The cleaning lower brush 62 is a fixed roller, and the outer shell of the roller is covered with a brush made of short fiber material; the cleaning upper brush 61 is a roller with a buffer structure, and the outer shell of the roller is covered with a brush made of short fiber material; the speed of the cleaning upper brush 61 roller is adjustable; and there are also some free rollers with brushes.If the photovoltaic glass is broken into granular fragments before or after pyrolysis, it will be sent to the material sorting unit together with the valuable materials after pyrolysis treatment, and then classified and recycled. These recycled materials can be used as glass raw materials or mixed with other materials to make building materials. Glass fragments, battery cells and other mixtures can be recycled by wind sorting according to the different specific gravity of the materials, and the battery cells and glass fragments can be separated by vibration; the different magnetic properties of each material can also be used for analysis and classification and recycling; the electrical properties of the material can also be used for eddy current classification and recycling.

[0040] The present invention decomposes retired photovoltaic modules into reusable photovoltaic modules, such as whole glass 70, battery panel materials, welding strips, etc., through high-temperature pyrolysis and classification treatment, thereby avoiding direct pollution of the environment by these wastes; at the same time, by-products such as broken glass generated during the recycling process can also be recycled through classification to provide raw materials for the fields of construction and road construction, thereby realizing the recycling of resources; the present invention optimizes the recycling process and improves the material utilization rate; after the present invention pyrolyzes the photovoltaic modules, when the photovoltaic glass is not cooled, the photovoltaic glass, battery cells and other materials are classified and recycled, and the photovoltaic glass is cleaned and impurities are removed, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic module recycling and the quality of recycled photovoltaic glass. The glass cleaning method used in the present invention can prevent the generation of sewage and protect the environment through dry cleaning, and reduce the consumption and pollution of water resources; the present invention can recycle the whole glass 70 after processing the retired photovoltaic modules, so that the retired photovoltaic glass is fully recycled and utilized, effectively solving the problem of low recycling and reuse rate of existing retired photovoltaic modules.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, before S10, the method further includes:

[0042] S01, obtain the product information of the photovoltaic module through the capture device, the product information includes the specifications of the photovoltaic module, and the processing device sets parameters according to the specifications of different photovoltaic modules. Among them, the capture device is mainly used to obtain the product information of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic module, and retain the product-related information in the system. The capture device includes a camera, which is located above the conveyor belt, and is controlled by the controller to capture the information of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module, identify the information of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module, and judge the basic specifications of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module. The basic specifications include the thickness, length, width, etc. of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic module, so as to control the processing device 51 later, for example, according to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic module, adjust the descending height of the cleaning upper brush 61 in the glass cleaning device 60 to ensure that sufficient force is applied to the surface of the entire plate of glass 70 for cleaning, so as to achieve the best cleaning effect.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the recycling efficiency can be improved and the processing effect can be optimized by acquiring the product information of the photovoltaic modules through the capture device and adjusting the parameters of the processing device according to the information.

[0044] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment equipment 10 includes an upper cleaning part and a lower cleaning part, the upper cleaning part has a wind blowing function, the upper cleaning part is used to blow away impurities on the surface of the photovoltaic module, and the lower cleaning part is a roller brush, which is used to clean the smooth glass surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the glass cleaning device 60 includes an upper cleaning brush 61, a lower cleaning brush 62, and a conveying unit 63, wherein the upper cleaning brush 61 is used to clean the upper surface of the entire plate of glass 70, the lower cleaning brush 62 is used to clean the lower surface of the entire plate of glass 70, and the conveying unit 63 is used to transport the entire plate of glass 70.

[0046] The conveying unit 63 can be realized by setting a conveying roller, through which the whole plate of glass 70 is transported, and the upper cleaning brush 61 and the lower cleaning brush 62 are set as roller brushes, through which the whole plate of glass 70 is cleaned.

[0047] Specifically, the cleaning upper brush 61 can be designed as a roller brush, and the surface of the roller brush is covered with a soft and wear-resistant material, such as a high-density sponge or special fiber, to ensure the cleaning effect without damaging the glass surface. It can be driven by a motor to achieve rotational motion to more effectively remove stains and dust from the glass surface. Similar to the cleaning upper brush 61, the cleaning lower brush 62 also adopts a roller brush design, but requires an additional support structure to ensure that it can stably contact the lower surface of the glass. In order to adapt to whole-plate glass 70 of different sizes, the conveying unit 63 can also be equipped with an adjustment mechanism, such as an adjustable conveying roller spacing and height, to ensure that the glass can pass through the cleaning area smoothly and accurately.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the glass cleaning device 60 further includes a suction unit 65, and the suction unit 65 is used to suck impurities adhering to the entire plate of glass 70 and impurities floating in the air inside the glass cleaning device 60.

[0049] Among them, the main function of the suction unit 65 is to suck and collect impurities adhering to the plate glass and impurities floating in the air inside the cleaning device. These impurities may include carbonized materials (produced by the photovoltaic modules during the pyrolysis process), debris produced by the wear of the roller brush, etc. The suction unit 65 generates negative pressure to suck impurities from the surface of the photovoltaic glass and the air inside the glass cleaning device 60 into the device. The sucked impurities will be collected in the container inside the suction unit 65 for subsequent treatment or discharge.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, adding the suction unit 65 to the glass cleaning device 60 is an effective improvement measure, which can not only improve the cleaning effect of the photovoltaic glass, but also protect the production environment and the health of employees.

[0051] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the classification process includes wind classification, magnetic classification, and eddy current classification, wherein the wind classification separates the battery cells, welding ribbons and broken glass by wind force.

[0052] Among them, wind sorting is to separate different materials by adjusting the size and direction of wind force and taking advantage of their different movement trajectories under the action of wind force. In the recycling process of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, the density, shape and surface characteristics of materials such as cells, welding ribbons and broken glass are different, so they will show different movement characteristics under the action of wind force. Wind sorting equipment can be designed as channels or wind ducts with different wind speeds and directions. After the mixture is sent in, the wind speed and direction are adjusted to separate different types of materials according to the predetermined trajectory.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, the wind sorting has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, simple operation, etc. It can effectively separate different types of materials such as battery cells, welding ribbons and broken glass, and provide technical support for the sorting of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules.

[0054] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the glass cleaning device 60 includes a sensor testing unit 64, and the sensor testing unit 64 is used to detect the thickness of the whole plate glass 70.

[0055] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the recycling device 52 includes a material sorting unit, and the material sorting unit is used to classify and recycle the materials in the recycling device 52.

[0056] The material sorting unit is used to separate different types of materials in the recycled photovoltaic modules, thus avoiding the mixing problem that may exist in traditional recycling methods. Through automated and intelligent classification technology, the sorting unit can greatly improve the efficiency of the recycling process and reduce the tediousness and time cost of manual operations.

[0057] Specifically, material sorting units usually combine a variety of technical means, such as physical separation, chemical treatment, and intelligent identification, to achieve accurate classification of recycled materials. The specific working principles may include but are not limited to: physical separation, using the physical properties of different materials (such as density, magnetism, conductivity, etc.) for separation; chemical treatment: converting different recycled materials into forms that are easy to separate through chemical reactions; intelligent identification: using image recognition, machine learning and other technologies to automatically identify and classify recycled materials.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the material sorting unit has the advantages of improving recycling efficiency, optimizing resource utilization, and reducing environmental pollution, and provides a more efficient and environmentally friendly solution for the recycling and processing of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules.

[0059] like Figure 3-4 According to another aspect of the present invention, a recycling system for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules is provided, the system comprising:

[0060] A pre-treatment device 10, which is used to pre-treat the photovoltaic module to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module;

[0061] A dismantling device 20, which is used to dismantle the photovoltaic module to obtain the core components of the photovoltaic module;

[0062] A high-temperature pyrolysis device 30, wherein the high-temperature pyrolysis device 30 is used to perform high-temperature pyrolysis on the core components of the photovoltaic module to obtain a pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, wherein the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module includes a whole glass panel, a battery panel, a welding ribbon, and broken glass;

[0063] A classification and processing device 40 is used to classify the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules and classify the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different categories into different recycling and transportation lines 50; the recycling and transportation line 50 includes a conveying device, a processing device 51, and a recycling device 52, the conveying device is used to separately transport the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, the processing device 51 is used to separately process the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, and the recycling device 52 is used to separately recycle the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components; wherein, classifying the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different categories into different recycling and transportation lines 50 includes placing the whole plate of glass 70 into the recycling and transportation line 50, processing and recycling the whole plate of glass 70 through a glass cleaning device 60, and placing the battery panel and welding strip into the recycling and transportation line 50 for processing and recycling.

[0064] The present invention decomposes retired photovoltaic modules into reusable photovoltaic modules, such as whole glass 70, battery panel materials, welding strips, etc., through high-temperature pyrolysis and classification treatment, thereby avoiding direct pollution of the environment by these wastes; at the same time, by-products such as broken glass generated during the recycling process can also be recycled through classification to provide raw materials for the fields of construction and road construction, thereby realizing the recycling of resources; the present invention optimizes the recycling process and improves the material utilization rate; after the present invention pyrolyzes the photovoltaic modules, when the photovoltaic glass is not cooled, the photovoltaic glass, battery cells and other materials are classified and recycled, and the photovoltaic glass is cleaned and impurities are removed, thereby improving the efficiency of photovoltaic module recycling and the quality of recycled photovoltaic glass. The glass cleaning method used in the present invention can prevent the generation of sewage and protect the environment through dry cleaning, and reduce the consumption and pollution of water resources; the present invention can recycle the whole glass 70 after processing the retired photovoltaic modules, so that the retired photovoltaic glass is fully recycled and utilized, effectively solving the problem of low recycling and reuse rate of existing retired photovoltaic modules. Among them, the capture device is used to obtain product information of photovoltaic modules and retain product-related information in the system. The capture device includes a camera, which is located above the conveyor belt and is controlled by a controller to capture the information of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, identify the information of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, and judge the basic specifications of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules. The basic specifications include the thickness, length, width, etc. of the photovoltaic modules, so as to subsequently control the processing device 51, for example, adjust the descending height of the cleaning upper brush 61 in the glass cleaning device 60 according to the thickness of the photovoltaic module to ensure that sufficient force is applied to the surface of the entire glass plate 70 for cleaning to achieve the best cleaning effect.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, the product information of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic module is obtained by capturing the device and the parameters of the processing device are adjusted according to the information, so as to improve the recycling efficiency and optimize the processing effect.

[0066] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0067] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The method comprises: S10, pre-treating the photovoltaic module by a pre-treating device to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module; S20, removing auxiliary components of the photovoltaic module by means of a removal device to obtain core components of the photovoltaic module, wherein the auxiliary components of the photovoltaic module include a frame and a junction box; S30, performing high-temperature pyrolysis on the core components of the photovoltaic module to obtain a pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, wherein the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module includes a whole glass panel, a solar panel, a welding ribbon, and broken glass; S40, classifying the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules, and assigning different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines; the recycling and transportation lines include a conveying device, a processing device, and a recycling device, the conveying device is used to separately transport the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, the processing device is used to separately process the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, and the recycling device is used to separately recycle the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components; wherein, assigning different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines includes placing the whole plate of glass into the recycling and transportation line, processing and recycling the whole plate of glass through a glass cleaning device, and placing the solar panel and welding strip into the recycling and transportation line for processing and recycling.

2. The method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before S10, the method further includes: S01, obtaining product information of the photovoltaic module through a capture device, wherein the product information includes specifications of the photovoltaic module, and the processing device performs parameter settings according to the specifications of different photovoltaic modules.

3. The method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment equipment includes an upper cleaning part and a lower cleaning part. The upper cleaning part has a wind blowing function and is used to blow away surface impurities of the photovoltaic module. The lower cleaning part is a roller brush and is used to clean the smooth glass surface of the photovoltaic module.

4. The method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass cleaning device comprises an upper cleaning brush, a lower cleaning brush and a conveying unit. The upper cleaning brush is used to clean the upper surface of the whole plate of glass, the lower cleaning brush is used to clean the lower surface of the whole plate of glass, and the conveying unit is used to transport the whole plate of glass.

5. The method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The glass cleaning device also includes a suction unit, which is used to suck impurities adhering to the entire plate of glass and impurities floating in the air inside the glass cleaning device.

6. The method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The classification processing methods include wind classification, magnetic classification, and eddy current classification, wherein the wind classification separates the battery cells, welding ribbons and broken glass by wind force.

7. The method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass cleaning device comprises a sensor testing unit, and the sensor testing unit is used to detect the thickness of the whole plate of glass.

8. The method for recycling crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recycling device comprises a material sorting unit, and the material sorting unit is used to classify and recycle the materials in the recycling device.

9. A recycling system for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The system comprises: A pretreatment device, wherein the pretreatment device is used to pretreatment the photovoltaic module to remove surface impurities of the photovoltaic module; Dismantling equipment, the dismantling equipment is used to dismantle the photovoltaic assembly to obtain the core components of the photovoltaic assembly; A high-temperature pyrolysis device, wherein the high-temperature pyrolysis device is used to perform high-temperature pyrolysis on the core components of the photovoltaic module to obtain a pyrolyzed photovoltaic module, wherein the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module includes a whole glass panel, a battery panel, a welding ribbon, and broken glass; Classification and processing equipment, the classification and processing equipment is used to classify different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines; the recycling and transportation lines include a conveying device, a processing device, and a recycling device, the conveying device is used to separately transport the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, the processing device is used to separately process the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components, and the recycling device is used to separately recycle the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules of different components; wherein, classifying different categories of the pyrolyzed photovoltaic modules to different recycling and transportation lines includes placing the whole plate of glass into the recycling and transportation line, processing and recycling the whole plate of glass through a glass cleaning device, and placing the battery panel and welding strip into the recycling and transportation line for processing and recycling.

10. The recovery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The system comprises a capturing device, wherein the capturing device is used to obtain product information of the photovoltaic module, wherein the product information comprises specifications of the photovoltaic module, and the processing device performs parameter settings according to the specifications of different photovoltaic modules.

Images