Anti-electromagnetic pulse optical fiber image transmitting element and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-electromagnetic pulse optical fiber image-transmitting element and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: matching a core material glass rod and a skin material glass tube, and then drawing the core material glass rod and the skin material glass tube into a primary monofilament; drawing the metal material as a metal rod into a metal wire; the obtained primary monofilaments are subjected to hexagonal densest arrangement, obtained metal wires are arranged according to the rule of clearance type insertion, replacement type insertion or clearance type and replacement type combined insertion, primary composite rods are obtained, and then the primary composite rods are drawn into primary multifilaments; arranging the obtained primary multifilaments into a secondary composite rod, drawing the secondary composite rod into secondary multifilaments, cutting the secondary multifilaments at a fixed length, and arranging the secondary multifilaments into plate sections; and carrying out hot melt pressing molding on the obtained plate section. The technical problem to be solved is that metal wires are additionally arranged in an optical fiber image transmission element to form an electromagnetic shielding layer, so that the invasion of electromagnetic interference such as EMP and the like can be effectively blocked, and signals transmitted by an optical fiber are protected from being influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of optical fiber image transmission elements, and in particular relates to an optical fiber image transmission element resistant to electromagnetic pulses and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important optical device, fiber optic image sensors have been widely used in defense, scientific research, criminal investigation, medical and other fields, especially in high-precision imaging and weak signal detection. With the rapid development of modern digital image processing technology, the combination of fiber optic image sensors and detectors such as CCD and CMOS enables optical signals to be efficiently converted into digital signals, which not only performs well in traditional visible light imaging, but also shows significant advantages in high-energy ray imaging, night vision equipment, fingerprint recognition and high-speed target tracking. In recent years, fiber optic image sensors have become a key component in applications that require the enhancement of weak light signals or the processing of ray signals due to their superiority. For example, in the military, aerospace and medical fields, it is often necessary to perform high-sensitivity imaging in low-light or even lightless environments, or to detect extremely weak signals through ray imaging. In these cases, fiber optic image sensors can effectively amplify weak light signals by combining with photomultiplier tubes or image intensifiers, thereby achieving accurate detection and analysis.

[0003] However, in national defense and certain specific scientific research fields, fiber-optic imaging components not only need to process weak optical signals, but also face complex electromagnetic environment threats, such as electromagnetic pulse (EMP) interference. EMP is a short and strong electromagnetic wave that can damage electronic equipment and communication systems, thereby affecting the performance of the equipment and the accuracy of the data. In military conflicts or combat environments, electromagnetic pulse attacks can cause serious failures in fiber-optic imaging systems, affecting real-time information acquisition and analysis on the battlefield. Therefore, improving the ability of fiber-optic imaging components to resist electromagnetic pulse interference has become a technical challenge that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] As a transmission medium, the transmission characteristics of optical fiber mainly rely on the total reflection of light inside the fiber. Since optical fiber transmits optical signals rather than electrical signals, it has a certain resistance to electromagnetic interference (including EMP). However, this resistance is not absolute. When facing strong EMP interference, the optical fiber image transmission element may still be affected, resulting in a decrease in transmission performance or failure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses and its preparation method and application. The technical problem to be solved is to add metal wires to the optical fiber imaging element to form an electromagnetic shielding layer, which can effectively block the intrusion of electromagnetic interference such as EMP, thereby protecting the signal transmitted by the optical fiber from being affected.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention and the technical problem to be solved are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. The present invention proposes a method for preparing an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber image transmission element, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1 matches the core glass rod and the skin glass tube and draws them into a single wire;

[0008] S2 draws the metal material as a metal rod into a metal wire;

[0009] S3: the primary monofilaments obtained in step S1 are arranged in a hexagonal closest arrangement, and the metal wires obtained in step S2 are arranged in a wire arrangement according to the rules of intermittent insertion, replacement insertion, or intermittent and replacement combination insertion to obtain a primary composite rod, and then the primary composite rod is drawn into a primary multifilament with a regular hexagonal cross section;

[0010] S4: arranging the primary multifilaments obtained in step S3 into a secondary composite rod having a regular hexagonal cross section, and drawing the secondary composite rod into secondary multifilaments;

[0011] S5: the secondary multifilaments obtained in step S4 are arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner, and are cut to a fixed length and arranged into plate segments;

[0012] S6: hot-melt-press-form the plate segment obtained in step S5 to obtain the electromagnetic pulse-resistant optical fiber imaging element.

[0013] The purpose of the present invention and the technical problems to be solved can be further achieved by adopting the following technical measures.

[0014] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element, in step S3, the intermittent insertion is: inserting the metal wire obtained in step S2 into all the gaps between the single wires respectively.

[0015] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element, in step S3, the replacement insertion is: light absorbing wires are inserted into the gaps between the primary single wires in alternate rows, structural wires with the same material composition as the skin glass are inserted into the remaining gaps, and the metal wire replaces the primary single wire located in the center position.

[0016] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element, in step S3, the intermittent and replacement combined insertion is: inserting the metal wire into all gaps between the primary single wires, and at the same time replacing the primary single wire at the center position with the metal wire.

[0017] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element, step S6 further comprises stretching molding: the optical fiber board blank obtained by hot melt pressing is processed and stretched to obtain a light cone.

[0018] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element, in step S6, the unit wire diameter of the optical fiber panel or optical fiber board blank is 3.85-4.05 μm.

[0019] The purpose of the present invention and the technical problem to be solved are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. The present invention proposes an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber image transmission element, which includes an output end, an input end and an optical fiber part arranged between the output end and the input end; the optical fiber part includes a plurality of optical fibers, and the unit fiber diameter is 3.85-4.05 μm.

[0020] The purpose of the present invention and the technical problems to be solved can be further achieved by adopting the following technical measures.

[0021] Preferably, the aforementioned electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element is an optical fiber panel or a light cone.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems can also be achieved by adopting the following technical measures. The present invention proposes a high-energy ray imaging device, which includes an optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses; the optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses includes an output end, an input end, and an optical fiber portion arranged between the output end and the input end; the optical fiber portion includes a plurality of optical fibers, and the unit fiber diameter is 3.85-4.05 μm.

[0023] The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems can also be achieved by adopting the following technical measures. The present invention proposes a night vision device, which includes an optical fiber image transmission element resistant to electromagnetic pulses; the optical fiber image transmission element resistant to electromagnetic pulses includes an output end, an input end, and an optical fiber portion arranged between the output end and the input end; the optical fiber portion includes a plurality of optical fibers, and the unit fiber diameter is 3.85-4.05 μm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber image transmission element and its preparation method and application described in the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention forms an electromagnetic shielding layer by adding metal wires to the optical fiber image transmission element, which can effectively block the intrusion of electromagnetic interference such as EMP, improve the anti-interference performance of the power system, and ensure normal operation in a complex electromagnetic environment. It maintains the effective transmission of optical signals and also provides an anti-electromagnetic pulse protection barrier for the image sensor, avoiding image noise or signal loss caused by electromagnetic interference.

[0026] The present invention adopts a single-filament arrangement structure design to enhance its ability to resist electromagnetic pulses. The design can effectively shield the interference of electromagnetic waves by inserting conductive metal wires into the optical fiber array, while maintaining the high light transmittance of the optical fiber to ensure the integrity of the optical signal during transmission;

[0027] The core of the present invention lies in the rational optimization of the structure and preparation process to achieve excellent electromagnetic shielding effect without affecting the optical performance. It not only has broad prospects in military applications, but also can expand the application potential of optical fiber imaging components in high-risk electromagnetic environments.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary multifilament of the present invention (metal wire gap insertion);

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary multifilament of the present invention (metal wire replacement insertion);

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary multifilament of the present invention (metal wire intermittent type and replacement type combined insertion);

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a primary multifilament in the prior art;

[0033] Figure 5 The structure diagram of the optical fiber part of the optical fiber image transmission element resistant to electromagnetic pulses of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1a-optical fiber filament; 1b-optical fiber filament; 1c-optical fiber filament; 1d-optical fiber filament; 1e-optical fiber core layer;

[0034] 2a-metal wire; 2b-light absorbing wire; 2c-metal wire; 2d-light absorbing wire; 2e-light absorbing wire;

[0035] 3b-structural wire; 3c-metal wire; 3d-structural wire; 3e-structural wire;

[0036] 4b-metal wire; 4e-optical fiber sheath. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element and its preparation method and application according to the present invention, its specific implementation, structure, features and effects in combination with the preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. involved below are all commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, the methods described are all methods known in the art. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used should have the usual meanings understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present invention belongs. If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified below, the operations or conditions of the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field can be followed.

[0039] Some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1 matches the core glass rod with a refractive index between 1.86 and 1.88 at a wavelength of 580nm-656nm and the skin glass tube with a refractive index between 1.45 and 1.48 at a wavelength of 580nm-656nm, and then draws it into a single filament at a temperature of 810℃ to 850℃ for 30-120 minutes. When the temperature is lower than 810℃, the optical fiber will not be stretched at a uniform speed, and the optical fiber will break, destroying the mechanical and optical properties of the optical fiber. When the temperature is higher than 850℃, the speed of drawing the optical fiber is also difficult to control, and the optical fiber will be drawn at a faster speed. The drawn optical fiber is not uniform, which affects the optical properties of the optical fiber. The diameter of the optical fiber single filament ranges from 2.5mm to 2.7mm to maintain sufficient strength and stability. When the diameter of the single filament is lower than 2.5mm, the number of optical fiber single filaments will increase when they are arranged. Similarly, when the diameter of the optical fiber single filament is higher than 2.7mm, the number of optical fiber single filaments will decrease when they are arranged, making it difficult to form a regular hexagonal arrangement. The light-absorbing glass rod is drawn at a temperature of 820℃-860℃ for 35-120 minutes into a light-absorbing filament with a diameter of 0.34-0.36mm;

[0041] S2 uses nickel-chromium alloy or 7075 aluminum alloy as the metal rod. Nickel-chromium alloy has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance and can effectively resist electromagnetic pulse interference. Nickel-chromium alloy and silicate glass can maintain good bonding under high temperature conditions and can effectively reduce thermal stress. 7075 aluminum alloy has good conductivity and also has electromagnetic shielding performance. Aluminum alloy has good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and is suitable for simultaneous melting and molding with glass. The metal rod is drawn at a temperature of 750-855℃ for 40-115 minutes into a metal wire with a diameter of 0.33-0.35mm or 2.5-2.7mm. When the temperature is lower than 750℃, it will be difficult to draw into the specified wire diameter, affecting the contact between the metal wire and the optical fiber. When the temperature is higher than 855℃, the drawing speed of the metal wire will be uncontrollable, and it is difficult to form a uniform drawing speed, and it is ultimately difficult to reach the specified wire diameter. When the diameter of the metal wire is lower than 0.33 mm or 2.5 mm, the number of metal wires will increase when they are arranged. Similarly, when the diameter of the metal wire is higher than 0.35 mm or 22.7 mm, the number of metal wires will decrease when they are arranged, making it difficult to form a regular hexagonal arrangement.

[0042] S3 arranges the single filament obtained in step S1 in hexagonal close-packed arrangement, and arranges the metal wires obtained in step S2 according to the rules of intermittent insertion, replacement insertion, or intermittent and replacement combination insertion, and ties them with cotton thread, ties the two ends with non-flammable copper wire, and then clamps them on a wire drawing machine and draws them at a temperature of 780°C-840°C for 30-130 minutes. When the temperature is lower than 780°C, the optical fiber will not be stretched at a uniform speed, and the mechanical and optical properties of the optical fiber will be damaged. When the temperature is higher than 840°C, the speed of drawing the optical fiber is difficult to control, and the optical fiber will be drawn at a faster speed. The drawn optical fiber is uneven in thickness along the length direction, affecting the optical properties of the optical fiber. Finally, a primary multifilament with a regular hexagonal cross-section is formed, and the opposite side size is 1.02mm-1.03mm. When the opposite side size of the primary multifilament is lower than 1.02mm, the number of the primary multifilaments will increase when they are arranged. Similarly, when the diameter of the primary multifilament is higher than 1.03mm, the number of the primary multifilaments will decrease when they are arranged, making it difficult to form a regular regular hexagonal arrangement shape.

[0043] In step S3, the intermittent insertion is: inserting the metal wire 2a obtained in step S2 into all the gaps between the optical fiber filaments 1a respectively, such as Figure 1 As shown, this arrangement can not only shield EMP, but also achieve the effect of absorbing stray light; the replacement insertion is: the light absorbing wires 2b are inserted into the gaps between the optical fiber single wires 1b in alternate rows, and the structural wires 3b with the same composition as the sheath glass material are inserted into the remaining gaps, and the metal wires 4b replace the optical fiber single wires 1b at the center position, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, unlike the previous metal wire insertion method, this insertion method can still achieve EMP shielding while taking into account the light transmission performance of the optical fiber imaging element; the gap-type and replacement-type combined insertion is: inserting the metal wire 2c into all gaps between the optical fiber filaments 1c, and at the same time replacing the optical fiber filament 1c at the center position with the metal wire 3c, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this wire insertion method combines the above two insertion methods and has taken into account the realization of stronger anti-EMP capability; the area ratio of the wire in the composite rod under the three wire insertion methods is calculated, as shown in Table 1. While considering the resistance of the wire insertion to EMP, the light transmission performance of the optical fiber image transmission element must also be taken into account. The influence on the light transmission transmittance of the optical fiber image transmission element can be judged by calculating the area ratio of the wire, as shown in Table 1. In the prior art, multiple optical fiber filaments 1d are arranged in a hexagonal closest arrangement, and light absorbing wires 2d are inserted in the gaps formed by the hexagonal close arrangement of multiple optical fiber filaments 1d according to a certain rule, and structural wires 3d with the same composition as the skin glass material are inserted in the remaining gaps, which can form Figure 4 The initial multifilament structure shown is Figure 1-Figure 3 The structure is different.

[0044] Table 1

[0045] Area ratio of metal wire (%) Gap Insertion 2.96 Replacement Insert 1.49 Intermittent and replacement combination inserts 4.45

[0046] S4 arranges the primary multifilament obtained in step S3 in a hexagonal closest arrangement, and ties it with cotton thread, ties the two ends with non-flammable copper wire, and then clamps it on a wire drawing machine and draws it at a temperature of 790°C-845°C for 50-200 minutes. When the temperature is lower than 790°C, the optical fiber will not be stretched at a uniform speed, and the mechanical properties and optical properties of the optical fiber will be destroyed. When the temperature is higher than 845°C, the speed of drawing the optical fiber is difficult to control, and the optical fiber will be drawn at a faster speed. The drawn optical fiber is uneven in thickness along the length direction, affecting the optical properties of the optical fiber. Finally, a secondary multifilament with a regular hexagonal cross-section is formed, and the opposite side size is 0.81mm-0.83mm. When the opposite side size of the secondary multifilament is lower than 0.81mm, the number of the secondary multifilament will increase when the wire is arranged. Similarly, when the diameter of the secondary multifilament is higher than 0.83mm, the number of the secondary multifilament will decrease when the wire is arranged, and it is difficult to form a regular regular hexagonal arrangement shape.

[0047] S5 arranges the secondary multifilament obtained in step S4 in a hexagonal closest arrangement, and uses copper wire to bind it to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then cuts the composite optical fiber bundle into optical fiber blanks of 90-140 mm. When the length of the composite optical fiber bundle after cutting is less than or greater than the size of 90 mm-140 mm, it will not meet the size of the melting mold, thereby affecting the melting process. The cross-section of the optical fiber blank is a regular hexagon, and the opposite side size is 20 mm-45 mm.

[0048] S6: Place the plate segment obtained in step S5 into a hot melt pressing mold, and place the mold with the plate segment installed into a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 530°C-560°C. When the temperature is lower than 530°C, the optical fiber is not directly bonded tightly enough, which affects the transmission of light; when the temperature is higher than 560°C, the optical fibers are deformed, resulting in optical loss. Apply a pressure of 60N-80N in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. When the pressure is less than 60N, the contact between the individual fibers in the composite optical fiber bundle is insufficient, and a tight bond cannot be formed, resulting in gaps or interface defects in the optical fiber array. The optical fiber array may be difficult to maintain a stable shape, and is easily deformed by mechanical stress or temperature changes in subsequent use, which ultimately seriously affects the transmission performance of the optical fiber. At high temperatures, when the pressure exceeds 80N, excessive pressure may cause part of the optical fiber to flow, destroying the regular arrangement structure of the array, causing irregular deformation, and ultimately affecting the optical performance of the optical fiber. The time of hot-melt pressing is controlled at 160-180 minutes. If the time is less than 160 minutes, the hot-melt pressing time is insufficient, resulting in the monofilament not being fully softened and unable to form a regular array structure. The optical performance may be affected by local defects and show inconsistency. If the time is greater than 180 minutes, long-term heating will cause stress concentration areas to form in the optical fiber blank, increasing the risk of microcracks or thermal damage. It will also cause deformation of the monofilament cross section, thereby increasing light transmission loss. Finally, an optical fiber panel or optical fiber board blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.85-4.05μm is obtained.

[0049] In the above technical solution, the present invention proposes a fiber structure design that introduces a conductive metal wire into the fiber image transmission bundle. This design forms an effective electromagnetic shield by integrating metal materials into the fiber array, reducing the interference of external electromagnetic waves on the optical signal. At the same time, the high light transmittance of the optical fiber is maintained to ensure that the signal can still maintain integrity during the transmission process.

[0050] Consider introducing metal materials into the fiber optic image transmission bundle. Metal wires have good electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding properties. Adding metal wires to the fiber optic image transmission element can form an electromagnetic shielding layer, which effectively blocks the intrusion of electromagnetic interference such as EMP, thereby protecting the signal transmitted by the optical fiber from being affected. The present invention uses a single-filament arrangement structure design to enhance its ability to resist electromagnetic pulses. This design can effectively shield the interference of electromagnetic waves by inserting conductive metal wires into the optical fiber array, while maintaining the high light transmittance of the optical fiber to ensure the integrity of the optical signal during transmission. The core of the present invention is to reasonably optimize the structure and preparation process to achieve excellent electromagnetic shielding effects without affecting the optical performance. Such technological innovations not only have broad prospects in military applications, but also can expand the application potential of fiber optic image transmission elements in high-risk electromagnetic environments.

[0051] In some optional embodiments, step S6 also includes stretching molding: the obtained 3.85-4.05 μm optical fiber board blank is stretched and molded at a temperature of 720°C-750°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 70-80 mm, a large end diameter of 25-30 mm, and a small end diameter of 8-15 mm.

[0052] Some embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber image transmission element, which comprises an output end, an input end, and an optical fiber portion disposed between the output end and the input end; the optical fiber portion comprises a plurality of optical fibers, the optical fibers being sequentially a fiber core layer 1e and a fiber sheath 4e from the inside to the outside, and light absorbing filaments 2e and structural filaments 3e are inserted into the gaps between the plurality of optical fibers, Figure 5 ; After testing, the shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element is 48 decibels to 95 decibels.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, the fiber optic imaging element may be a fiber optic panel or a light cone.

[0054] Some embodiments of the present invention further provide a high-energy ray imaging device, which includes the above-mentioned electromagnetic pulse-resistant optical fiber imaging element.

[0055] Some embodiments of the present invention further provide a night vision device, which includes the above-mentioned electromagnetic pulse-resistant optical fiber imaging element.

[0056] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made to the present invention by technicians in this field based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1: EMP-proof optical fiber panel (metal wire material: nickel-chromium alloy) - gap insertion preparation method is as follows:

[0058] (1) A core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594 nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594 nm are matched and then single-filament drawing is performed at a temperature of 820° C. The drawing time is 45 minutes to obtain a drawn single-filament of 2.6 μm; since nickel-chromium alloy has good high-temperature resistance and strength, can remain stable in an environment of up to 1000° C., has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and effectively resists electromagnetic pulse interference, the nickel-chromium alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 0.35 μm metal wire at 840° C., and the drawing time is 60 minutes.

[0059] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 1 The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used to arrange the wires, and the metal wires are inserted into the gaps between the optical fiber single wires. They are tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires. Then, they are clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at 830℃ for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0060] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilament: The primary multifilament obtained in step (2) is arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wire, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830° C. for 65 minutes to form a secondary multifilament with a side size of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0061] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0062] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing the plate. The time is controlled at 170 minutes to obtain an optical fiber panel with a unit wire diameter of 3.9μm.

[0063] Example 2: EMP-proof optical fiber panel (metal wire material: nickel-chromium alloy) - replacement insertion preparation method is as follows:

[0064] (1) After matching a core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820°C for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; since nickel-chromium alloy has good high temperature resistance and strength, can remain stable in an environment up to 1000°C, has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and effectively resists electromagnetic pulse interference, nickel-chromium alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 820°C for 50 minutes. The light-absorbing glass rod is drawn into a 0.35μm light-absorbing wire at a temperature of 825°C for 50 minutes. The skin glass with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm is drawn into a structural wire at a temperature of 830°C for 55 minutes to obtain a drawn 0.35μm structural wire.

[0065] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 2 The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used for arranging the wires, wherein light absorbing wires and structural wires are inserted in alternate rows in the gaps between the optical fiber single wires, the optical fiber single wire in the center is replaced by a metal wire, and it is tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830°C for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0066] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830° C. for 65 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0067] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0068] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing the plate. The time is controlled at 170 minutes to obtain an optical fiber panel with a unit wire diameter of 3.9μm.

[0069] Example 3: EMP-proof fiber optic panel (wire material: nickel-chromium alloy) - intermittent and replacement combination insertion

[0070] The preparation method is as follows:

[0071] (1) After matching a core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at 820°C for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; since nickel-chromium alloy has good high temperature resistance and strength, can remain stable in an environment up to 1000°C, has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and effectively resists electromagnetic pulse interference, the nickel-chromium alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 820°C for 50 minutes. At the same time, the nickel-chromium alloy material is drawn into a 0.35μm metal wire at 840°C for 60 minutes.

[0072] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 3 The optical fiber arrangement diagram is used for arranging the wires, wherein metal wires are inserted into all the gaps between the optical fiber filaments, the optical fiber filaments in the center are replaced with metal wires, and are bound with cotton thread, and the two ends are bound with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at 830°C for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0073] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830° C. for 65 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0074] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0075] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing the plate. The time is controlled at 170 minutes to obtain an optical fiber panel with a unit wire diameter of 3.9μm.

[0076] Comparative Example 1: Fiber Optic Panel

[0077] The preparation method is as follows:

[0078] (1) After matching a core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire was drawn at a temperature of 820°C for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; a light absorbing glass rod was drawn into a 0.35μm light absorbing wire at a temperature of 825°C for 50 minutes. A skin glass with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm was drawn into a structural wire at a temperature of 830°C for 55 minutes to obtain a drawn 0.35μm structural wire.

[0079] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 4 The optical fiber arrangement diagram is used to arrange the wires, wherein light absorbing wires and structural wires are inserted into the gaps between the optical fiber single wires in alternate rows, and they are bound with cotton thread, and the two ends are bound with non-flammable copper wires. Then, they are clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 815°C for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0080] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilament: The primary multifilament obtained in step (2) is arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wire, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 835° C. for 65 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0081] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0082] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing the plate. The time is controlled at 170 minutes to obtain an optical fiber panel with a unit wire diameter of 3.9μm.

[0083] The shielding effectiveness (SE) and light transmittance (collimated light) results of the electromagnetic pulse resistance test of the optical fiber panels obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are summarized in Table 2.

[0084] Table 2

[0085]

[0086] According to the shielding effectiveness data in Table 2, by inserting nickel-chromium alloy wire into the optical fiber, the shielding effectiveness has been greatly improved compared to the traditional optical fiber panel. The effect of using replacement inserted wire is better than that of gap inserted wire, and the combination of the two has the best effect. However, at the same time, the nickel-chromium alloy wire occupies an increased effective area in the optical fiber, which seriously reduces the optical performance of the optical fiber panel and makes the light transmission efficiency the worst.

[0087] Example 4: EMP-proof fiber optic panel (wire material: 7075 aluminum alloy) - intermittent insertion

[0088] The preparation method is as follows:

[0089] (1) After matching the core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and the skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820°C for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire. 7075 aluminum alloy has good electrical conductivity and can effectively reflect and disperse electromagnetic waves, thereby providing certain electromagnetic shielding performance. During high-temperature drawing, its mechanical properties support the structural requirements of the optical fiber and can reduce the risk of deformation and strength reduction. The 7075 aluminum alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 0.35μm metal wire at 770°C for 80 minutes.

[0090] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 1 The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used to arrange the wires, and the metal wires are inserted into the gaps between the optical fiber monofilaments. They are tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires. Then, they are clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at 790℃ for 55 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0091] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 800° C. for 70 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0092] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0093] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 65N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time of hot melt pressing is controlled at 165 minutes, and an optical fiber panel with a unit wire diameter of 3.9μm is obtained.

[0094] Example 5: EMP-proof fiber optic panel (wire material: 7075 aluminum alloy) - replaceable insert

[0095] The preparation method is as follows:

[0096] (1) After matching the core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and the skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820℃ for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; 7075 aluminum alloy has good electrical conductivity and can effectively reflect and disperse electromagnetic waves, thereby providing certain electromagnetic shielding performance. When drawing at high temperature, its mechanical properties support the structural requirements of the optical fiber and can reduce the risk of deformation and strength reduction. The 7075 aluminum alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 760℃ for 45 minutes. The light absorbing glass rod is drawn into a 0.35μm light absorbing wire at a temperature of 825℃ for 50 minutes. The skin glass with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm is drawn into a structural wire at a temperature of 830℃ for 55 minutes to obtain a drawn 0.35μm structural wire.

[0097] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 2 The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used for arranging the wires, wherein light absorbing wires and structural wires are inserted in alternate rows in the gaps between the optical fiber single wires, the optical fiber single wire in the center is replaced by a metal wire, and it is tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 790°C for 55 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0098] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 700° C. for 70 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0099] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0100] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 65N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing the plate. The pressing time is controlled at 165 minutes to obtain an optical fiber panel with a unit wire diameter of 3.9μm.

[0101] Example 6: EMP-proof fiber optic panel (wire material: 7075 aluminum alloy) - intermittent and replacement combination insertion

[0102] The preparation method is as follows:

[0103] (1) After matching the core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and the skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820℃ for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; 7075 aluminum alloy has good electrical conductivity and can effectively reflect and disperse electromagnetic waves, thereby providing a certain electromagnetic shielding performance. During high-temperature drawing, its mechanical properties support the structural requirements of the optical fiber and can reduce the risk of deformation and strength reduction. The 7075 aluminum alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 760℃ for 45 minutes. At the same time, the 7075 aluminum alloy material is drawn into a 0.35μm metal wire at 770℃ for 80 minutes.

[0104] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 3 The optical fiber arrangement diagram is used for arranging the wires, wherein metal wires are inserted into all the gaps between the optical fiber filaments, the optical fiber filaments in the center are replaced with metal wires, and are bound with cotton thread, and the two ends are bound with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at 790°C for 55 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0105] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 800° C. for 70 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0106] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0107] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 65N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time of hot melt pressing is controlled at 165 minutes, and an optical fiber panel with a unit wire diameter of 3.9μm is obtained.

[0108] The shielding effectiveness (SE) and light transmittance (collimated light) results of the electromagnetic pulse resistance test of the optical fiber panels obtained in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Example 1 are summarized in Table 3.

[0109] Table 3

[0110]

[0111] According to the shielding effectiveness data in Table 3, by inserting 7075 aluminum alloy metal wire into the optical fiber, the shielding effectiveness is greatly improved compared with the traditional optical fiber panel (Comparative Example 1). The effect of using replacement insertion (Example 5) of the metal wire is better than that of gap insertion (Example 4), and the combination of the two insertions (Example 6) has the best effect. However, no matter which method is used, the overall shielding effectiveness is lower than that of the nickel-chromium alloy metal wire. The effective area occupied by the 7075 aluminum alloy metal wire in the optical fiber increases, which seriously reduces the optical performance and makes the light transmission efficiency the worst. Compared with the optical fiber panel of nickel-chromium alloy metal wire, there is no obvious difference in transmittance between the two.

[0112] Example 7: The preparation method of EMP-proof optical fiber light cone (metal wire material: nickel-chromium alloy) - intermittent insertion is as follows:

[0113] (1) A core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594 nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594 nm are matched and then single-filament drawing is performed at a temperature of 820° C. The drawing time is 45 minutes to obtain a drawn single-filament of 2.6 μm; since nickel-chromium alloy has good high-temperature resistance and strength, can remain stable in an environment of up to 1000° C., has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and can effectively resist electromagnetic pulse interference, the nickel-chromium alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 0.35 μm metal wire at 840° C., and the drawing time is 60 minutes.

[0114] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 1The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used to arrange the wires, and the metal wires are inserted into the gaps between the optical fiber single wires. They are tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires. Then, they are clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at 830℃ for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0115] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830° C. for 65 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0116] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0117] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time of hot melt pressing is controlled at 170 minutes, and an optical fiber blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.9 μm is obtained.

[0118] (6) Stretching: The blank is stretched at a temperature of 730°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 75 mm, a large end diameter of 27 mm, and a small end diameter of 9 mm.

[0119] Example 8: EMP-proof fiber optic light cone (metal wire material: nickel-chromium alloy) - replacement insertion preparation method is as follows:

[0120] (1) After matching a core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820°C for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; since nickel-chromium alloy has good high temperature resistance and strength, can remain stable in an environment up to 1000°C, has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and can effectively resist electromagnetic pulse interference, nickel-chromium alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 820°C for 50 minutes. The light-absorbing glass rod is drawn into a 0.35μm light-absorbing wire at a temperature of 825°C for 50 minutes. The skin glass with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm is drawn into a structural wire at a temperature of 830°C for 55 minutes to obtain a drawn 0.35μm structural wire.

[0121] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 2 The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used for arranging the wires, wherein light absorbing wires and structural wires are inserted in alternate rows in the gaps between the optical fiber single wires, the optical fiber single wire in the center is replaced by a metal wire, and it is tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830°C for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0122] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830° C. for 65 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0123] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0124] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time of hot melt pressing is controlled at 170 minutes, and an optical fiber blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.9 μm is obtained.

[0125] (6) Stretching: The blank is stretched at a temperature of 730°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 75 mm, a large end diameter of 27 mm, and a small end diameter of 9 mm.

[0126] Example 9: EMP-proof fiber optic light cone (wire material: nickel-chromium alloy) - intermittent and replacement combination insertion

[0127] The preparation method is as follows:

[0128] (1) After matching a core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820°C for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; since nickel-chromium alloy has good high temperature resistance and strength, can remain stable in an environment up to 1000°C, has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and can effectively resist electromagnetic pulse interference, the nickel-chromium alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 820°C for 50 minutes. At the same time, the nickel-chromium alloy material is drawn into a 0.35μm metal wire at 840°C for 60 minutes.

[0129] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 3 The optical fiber arrangement diagram is used for arranging the wires, wherein metal wires are inserted into all the gaps between the optical fiber filaments, the optical fiber filaments in the center are replaced with metal wires, and are bound with cotton thread, and the two ends are bound with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at 830°C for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0130] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 830° C. for 65 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0131] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0132] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time is controlled at 170 minutes, and an optical fiber blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.9 μm is obtained.

[0133] (6) Stretching: The blank is stretched at a temperature of 730°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 75 mm, a large end diameter of 27 mm, and a small end diameter of 9 mm.

[0134] Comparative Example 2: Fiber Optic Taper

[0135] The preparation method is as follows:

[0136] (1) After matching a core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and a skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire was drawn at a temperature of 820°C for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; a light absorbing glass rod was drawn into a 0.35μm light absorbing wire at a temperature of 825°C for 50 minutes. A skin glass with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm was drawn into a structural wire at a temperature of 830°C for 55 minutes to obtain a drawn 0.35μm structural wire.

[0137] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 2 The optical fiber arrangement diagram is used to arrange the wires, wherein light absorbing wires and structural wires are inserted into the gaps between the optical fiber single wires in alternate rows, and they are bound with cotton thread, and the two ends are bound with non-flammable copper wires. Then, they are clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 815°C for 50 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0138] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilament: The primary multifilament obtained in step (2) is arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wire, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 835° C. for 65 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0139] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0140] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 70N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time is controlled at 170 minutes, and an optical fiber blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.9 μm is obtained.

[0141] (6) Stretching: The blank is stretched at a temperature of 730°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 75 mm, a large end diameter of 27 mm, and a small end diameter of 9 mm.

[0142] The shielding effectiveness (SE) and light transmittance (collimated light) results of the electromagnetic pulse resistance test of the optical fiber panels obtained in Examples 7-9 and Comparative Example 2 are summarized in Table 3.

[0143] Table 4

[0144]

[0145] According to the shielding effectiveness data in Table 4, by inserting the nickel-chromium alloy wire into the optical fiber, the shielding effectiveness is greatly improved compared with the traditional optical fiber light cone (Comparative Example 2). Similarly, the effect of the replacement insertion (Example 8) of the wire is better than the gap insertion (Example 7), and the combination of the two (Example 9) has the best effect. Compared with the optical fiber panel made of the same wire material, the electromagnetic shielding performance of the optical fiber light cone is slightly worse. Due to the increase in the effective area occupied by the nickel-chromium alloy wire in the optical fiber, the optical performance of the optical fiber light cone is seriously reduced, making the light transmission efficiency the worst. At the same time, due to the relatively complex transmission path of the tapered optical fiber in the optical fiber light cone, the light transmission loss is large, and the transmittance is worse than that of the light panel.

[0146] Example 10: EMP-proof fiber optic light cone (wire material: 7075 aluminum alloy) - intermittent insertion

[0147] The preparation method is as follows:

[0148] (1) After matching the core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and the skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820℃ for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; 7075 aluminum alloy has good electrical conductivity and can effectively reflect and disperse electromagnetic waves, thereby providing certain electromagnetic shielding performance. When drawing at high temperature, its mechanical properties support the structural requirements of the optical fiber and can reduce the risk of deformation and strength reduction. The 7075 aluminum alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 0.35μm metal wire at 770℃ for 80 minutes.

[0149] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 1 The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used to arrange the wires, and the metal wires are inserted into the gaps between the optical fiber monofilaments. They are tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires. Then, they are clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at 790℃ for 55 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0150] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 800° C. for 70 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0151] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0152] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 65N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time is controlled at 165 minutes, and an optical fiber blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.9 μm is obtained.

[0153] (6) Stretching: The blank is stretched at a temperature of 720°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 75 mm, a large end diameter of 27 mm, and a small end diameter of 9 mm.

[0154] Example 11: EMP-proof fiber optic light cone (wire material: 7075 aluminum alloy) - replaceable insert

[0155] The preparation method is as follows:

[0156] (1) After matching the core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and the skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820℃ for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; 7075 aluminum alloy has good electrical conductivity and can effectively reflect and disperse electromagnetic waves, thereby providing certain electromagnetic shielding performance. When drawing at high temperature, its mechanical properties support the structural requirements of the optical fiber and can reduce the risk of deformation and strength reduction. The 7075 aluminum alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 760℃ for 45 minutes. The light absorbing glass rod is drawn into a 0.35μm light absorbing wire at a temperature of 825℃ for 50 minutes. The skin glass with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm is drawn into a structural wire at a temperature of 830℃ for 55 minutes to obtain a drawn 0.35μm structural wire.

[0157] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 2The optical fiber arrangement diagram in the figure is used for arranging the wires, wherein light absorbing wires and structural wires are inserted in alternate rows in the gaps between the optical fiber single wires, the optical fiber single wire in the center is replaced by a metal wire, and it is tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 790°C for 55 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0158] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 800° C. for 70 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0159] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0160] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 65N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time is controlled at 165 minutes, and an optical fiber blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.9 μm is obtained.

[0161] (6) Stretching: The blank is stretched at a temperature of 720°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 75 mm, a large end diameter of 27 mm, and a small end diameter of 9 mm.

[0162] Example 12: EMP-proof fiber optic taper (wire material: 7075 aluminum alloy) - intermittent and replacement combination insertion

[0163] The preparation method is as follows:

[0164] (1) After matching the core glass rod with a refractive index of 1.87 at a wavelength of 594nm and the skin glass tube with a refractive index of 1.47 at a wavelength of 594nm, a single wire is drawn at a temperature of 820℃ for 45 minutes to obtain a drawn 2.6μm single wire; 7075 aluminum alloy has good electrical conductivity and can effectively reflect and disperse electromagnetic waves, thereby providing a certain electromagnetic shielding performance. During high-temperature drawing, its mechanical properties support the structural requirements of the optical fiber and can reduce the risk of deformation and strength reduction. The 7075 aluminum alloy material can be selected to be drawn into a 2.6μm metal wire at 760℃ for 45 minutes. At the same time, the 7075 aluminum alloy material is drawn into a 0.35μm metal wire at 770℃ for 80 minutes.

[0165] (2) Preparing a primary multifilament: Arrange the single filaments drawn in step (1) into a hexagon with a regular hexagonal cross section, and arrange the single filaments in the hexagon according to Figure 3 The optical fiber arrangement diagram is used to arrange the wires, wherein the wires are inserted into all the gaps between the optical fiber filaments, the optical fiber filament in the center is replaced by a metal wire, and it is tied with cotton thread, and the two ends are tied with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 790°C for 55 minutes to form a primary multifilament with a side size of 1.02μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0166] (3) Preparation of secondary multifilaments: The primary multifilaments obtained in step (2) are arranged in a regular hexagonal structure, tied with cotton thread, and tied at both ends with non-flammable copper wires, and then clamped on a wire drawing machine and drawn at a temperature of 800° C. for 70 minutes to form primary multifilaments with opposite side dimensions of 0.82 μm and a regular hexagonal cross section.

[0167] (4) The secondary multifilament obtained in step (3) is arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner and tied with copper wire to form a composite optical fiber bundle, and then the composite optical fiber bundle is cut into 110 mm optical fiber blanks with a side dimension of 40 mm.

[0168] (5) Hot melt pressing: The optical fiber blank obtained in step (4) is placed in a hot melt pressing mold. The mold with the optical fiber blank installed is placed in a hot melt pressing furnace at a high temperature of 550°C. A pressure of 65N is applied in six directions of the optical fiber blank to start pressing. The pressing time is controlled at 165 minutes, and an optical fiber blank with a unit wire diameter of 3.9 μm is obtained.

[0169] (6) Stretching: The blank is stretched at a temperature of 720°C to obtain a highly uniform light cone with a length of 75 mm, a large end diameter of 27 mm, and a small end diameter of 9 mm.

[0170] The shielding effectiveness (SE) and light transmission rate (collimated light) of the optical fiber panels obtained in Examples 10-12 and Comparative Example 2 were tested against electromagnetic pulses and the results are summarized in Table 5.

[0171] Table 5

[0172]

[0173] According to the data in Table 5, by inserting the metal wire of 7075 aluminum alloy into the optical fiber, the shielding effectiveness is greatly improved compared with the traditional optical fiber panel (Comparative Example 2). The effect of the metal wire inserted by replacement (Example 11) is better than that of the metal wire inserted by gap insertion (Example 10), and the combination of the two insertions (Example 12) has the best effect. However, no matter which method is used, the overall shielding effectiveness is lower than that of the metal wire made of nickel-chromium alloy. Compared with the optical fiber panel made of the same metal wire material, the electromagnetic shielding performance of the optical fiber light cone is slightly worse. The effective area occupied by the metal wire of 7075 aluminum alloy in the optical fiber increases, which seriously reduces the optical performance and makes the light transmission efficiency the worst. Compared with the tapered optical fiber of the metal wire of nickel-chromium alloy, there is no obvious difference in the transmittance of the two. Similarly, the transmittance of the optical fiber light cone of the metal wire of 7075 aluminum alloy is worse than that of the optical fiber panel.

[0174] As the core component of space detectors, fiber-optic image sensors are responsible for the critical task of collecting optical signals from distant targets and transmitting them to sensors. Inserting metal wires with electromagnetic pulse (EMP) resistance into fiber-optic image sensors is particularly important for electromagnetic interference in space environments, especially in areas close to the sun or other strong electromagnetic sources. The presence of electromagnetic pulses may cause signal distortion, transmission errors or imaging errors, affecting the overall performance of the detector. Therefore, enhancing the anti-EMP capability of fiber-optic image sensors can ensure the stable operation of detectors in extreme space environments, especially in complex space exploration missions such as celestial image acquisition and cosmic radiation monitoring. Through this coupling structure, the fiber-optic image sensor not only completes the effective transmission of optical signals, but also provides a protective barrier against electromagnetic pulses for the CMOS sensor, avoiding image noise or signal loss caused by electromagnetic interference.

[0175] In the specification of the present invention, a lot of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some embodiments, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0176] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0177] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

[0178] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 matches the core glass rod and the skin glass tube and draws them into a single wire; S2 draws the metal material as a metal rod into a metal wire; S3: the primary monofilaments obtained in step S1 are arranged in a hexagonal closest arrangement, and the metal wires obtained in step S2 are arranged in a wire arrangement according to the rules of intermittent insertion, replacement insertion, or intermittent and replacement combination insertion to obtain a primary composite rod, and then the primary composite rod is drawn into a primary multifilament with a regular hexagonal cross section; S4: arranging the primary multifilaments obtained in step S3 into a secondary composite rod having a regular hexagonal cross section, and drawing the secondary composite rod into secondary multifilaments; S5: the secondary multifilaments obtained in step S4 are arranged in a hexagonal close-packed manner, and are cut to a fixed length and arranged into plate segments; S6: hot-melt-press-form the plate segment obtained in step S5 to obtain the electromagnetic pulse-resistant optical fiber imaging element.

2. The method for preparing the electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the intermittent insertion is: inserting the metal wire obtained in step S2 into all the gaps between the single wires once.

3. The method for preparing the electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the replacement insertion is: inserting the light absorbing wires into the gaps between the primary single wires in alternate rows, inserting structural wires with the same material composition as the skin glass in the remaining gaps, and replacing the primary single wire at the center position with the metal wire.

4. The method for preparing the electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the intermittent and replacement combined insertion is: inserting the metal wire into all the gaps between the primary monofilaments, and replacing the primary monofilament at the center with the metal wire.

5. The method for preparing the electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 also includes stretching forming: the optical fiber board blank obtained by hot melt pressing is processed and stretched to obtain a light cone.

6. The method for preparing the electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the unit wire diameter of the optical fiber panel or the optical fiber board blank is 3.85-4.05 μm.

7. An optical fiber image transmission element resistant to electromagnetic pulses, characterized in that: It comprises an output end, an input end and an optical fiber part arranged between the output end and the input end; the optical fiber part comprises a plurality of optical fibers, and the unit fiber diameter thereof is 3.85-4.05 μm.

8. The electromagnetic pulse resistant optical fiber imaging element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The optical fiber image transmission element is an optical fiber panel or a light cone.

9. A high-energy ray imaging device, characterized in that: The high-energy ray imaging device includes an optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses; the optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses includes an output end, an input end, and an optical fiber portion arranged between the output end and the input end; the optical fiber portion includes a plurality of optical fibers, and the unit wire diameter thereof is 3.85-4.05 μm.

10. A night vision device, characterized in that: The night vision device includes an optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses; the optical fiber imaging element resistant to electromagnetic pulses includes an output end, an input end, and an optical fiber portion arranged between the output end and the input end; the optical fiber portion includes a plurality of optical fibers, and the unit wire diameter thereof is 3.85-4.05 μm.

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