An extraction and concentration system and method

Abstract

The present application discloses an extraction and concentration system and method, belonging to the technical field of extraction and concentration. It includes a feed tank, a heater, a steam generator, and a separator; the heater includes a tank body, a uniform distribution structure, a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes, and a metal mesh cylinder. An upper partition plate and a lower partition plate are installed in the tank body. The upper partition plate and the lower partition plate divide the inner cavity of the tank body into a feed cavity, a heating cavity, and a discharge cavity. The uniform distribution structure is located in the feed cavity; both ends of the heating tube are fixed to the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate respectively, and both ends of the heating tube are communicated with the feed cavity and the discharge cavity respectively. The inner wall of the heating tube is a conical inner wall, and the diameter of the upper port of the conical inner wall is larger than that of the lower port. The metal mesh cylinder is a conical cylinder shape, and the taper of the metal mesh cylinder is consistent with that of the conical inner wall. The metal mesh cylinder is located inside the heating tube, and the upper end of the metal mesh cylinder is higher than the upper partition plate. The upper end part of the metal mesh cylinder is set as a guiding part. The present application can slow down the flow rate of the liquid film, extend the heating time, and at the same time, the metal mesh cylinder makes the liquid material easier to form a film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of extraction and concentration, and relates to an extraction and concentration system and method. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of food, medicine, and chemical industry, a feed liquid is often concentrated by an extraction and concentration system. Existing extraction and concentration systems include a feed tank, a heater, a steam generator, and a separator.

[0003] Existing heaters include falling film evaporators. A falling film evaporator includes a tank body, a uniform distribution structure, and a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes. The feed liquid enters the uniform distribution structure from the top of the tank body. The uniform distribution structure evenly distributes the feed liquid in each heating tube and makes the feed liquid flow downward along the inner wall of the heating tube in a film shape. The liquid film receives the heat transferred from the tube wall and evaporates and vaporizes.

[0004] The heating time of the liquid film is the time when the liquid film flows in the tube. If the length of the heating tube is increased to extend the heating time of the liquid film, the overall size of the heater is large and it occupies a large space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to extend the heating time of the liquid film to improve the heating effect, an extraction and concentration system and method are provided.

[0006] This application provides an extraction and concentration system, and specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve it:

[0007] An extraction and concentration system includes a feed tank, a heater, a steam generator, and a separator; the heater includes a tank body, a uniform distribution structure, a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes, and a metal mesh cylinder. An upper partition and a lower partition are installed in the tank body. The upper partition and the lower partition divide the inner cavity of the tank body into a feed cavity, a heating cavity, and a discharge cavity. The tank body is provided with a feed pipe communicating with the feed cavity, a steam inlet pipe communicating with the heating cavity, a steam discharge pipe communicating with the heating cavity, and a feed pipe communicating between the discharge cavity and the separator; the uniform distribution structure is located in the feed cavity; both ends of the heating tube are fixed to the upper partition and the lower partition respectively, and both ends of the heating tube are communicated with the feed cavity and the discharge cavity respectively. The inner wall of the heating tube is a conical inner wall, and the diameter of the upper port of the conical inner wall is larger than that of the lower port. The metal mesh cylinder is a conical cylinder, and the taper of the metal mesh cylinder is the same as that of the conical inner wall; the metal mesh cylinder is composed of a mesh cloth woven by metal wires, and the warp and weft directions of the metal wires are both inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh cylinder; the metal mesh cylinder is located in the heating tube, and the upper end of the metal mesh cylinder is higher than the upper partition, and the upper end part of the metal mesh cylinder is set as a guiding part.

[0008] Through the above technical scheme, the slurry enters the uniform structure of the feed chamber through the feed pipe, and the uniform structure divides the slurry into multiple strands. The multiple strands of slurry fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition and enter the heating tube through the upper pipe mouth of the heating tube. In this process, since the guide part is higher than the upper partition, the guide part blocks the high-speed splashing of the slurry to a certain extent, so that the slurry flows downward along the outer wall of the metal mesh tube more stably, so that the slurry forms a relatively stable liquid film on the conical inner wall of the heating tube, and the liquid film covers the metal mesh tube. The metal mesh tube can not only lock the liquid film to ensure the stability of the liquid film, but also exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film to reduce the flow speed of the liquid film, thereby prolonging the flow time of the liquid film to improve the heating effect; secondly, since the longitude and latitude directions of the metal wires of the metal mesh tube are inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh tube, the downward flowing liquid film will diffuse circumferentially under the guidance of the metal wires, so that the circumferential distribution of the liquid film on the conical inner wall is more uniform, so as to greatly improve the heating effect and reduce the occurrence of scaling.

[0009] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a displacement control component, which is used to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder; when the metal mesh cylinder is at the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder fits the conical inner wall; when the metal mesh cylinder is at the highest point, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder and the conical inner wall is greater than or equal to the liquid film thickness.

[0010] Through the above technical scheme, a displacement control component is set to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder, such as controlling the height position of the metal mesh cylinder relative to the heating tube. Since the metal mesh cylinder can exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film, when the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder is completely in contact with the conical inner wall, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film is the largest, and the liquid film flow rate is the lowest. When the metal mesh cylinder rises to the highest point and the shortest distance between the outer wall and the conical inner wall is the largest, the metal mesh cylinder has no interference with the liquid film, and the liquid film flow rate is the largest. Therefore, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film can be adjusted by controlling the metal mesh cylinder, thereby controlling the liquid film flow rate, so as to adapt to different types of liquid films with a wider range.

[0011] Secondly, the displacement control component can control the continuous lifting and reciprocating movement of the metal mesh cylinder. Since the flow state of the liquid film is laminar flow, the flow velocity of the liquid film near the conical inner wall is lower than that of the liquid film far from the conical inner wall, and the temperature of the liquid film near the conical inner wall is also slightly higher than that of the liquid film far from the conical inner wall. Moreover, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film will also affect the flow velocity and movement range of different parts of the liquid film. Therefore, during the process of the metal mesh cylinder moving from being attached to the conical inner wall to being away from the conical inner wall, that is, during the upward movement of the metal mesh cylinder, the interference of the metal mesh cylinder on the liquid film at the conical inner wall part decreases, causing the flow velocity of the liquid film at the conical inner wall part to increase. The increased flow velocity of this part of the liquid film will guide the liquid film far from the conical inner wall to move towards the conical inner wall direction, achieving convergence, that is, mixing the two parts of the liquid film, increasing the exchange and renewal frequency, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency. When the internal and external temperature difference is small, the vaporization will strongly disturb the inner surface of the liquid film and scale formation is not easy to occur; during the process of the metal mesh cylinder moving from being away from the conical inner wall to being attached to the conical inner wall, that is, during the downward movement of the metal mesh cylinder, the flow velocity of the liquid film far from the conical inner wall part increases. The increased flow velocity of this part of the liquid film will guide the liquid film near the conical inner wall to move along the direction away from the conical inner wall, achieving convergence, that is, mixing the two parts of the liquid film, increasing the exchange and renewal frequency, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency. In this way, when the metal mesh cylinder makes continuous lifting and reciprocating movement, it will affect the flow velocity of different parts of the liquid film, causing the two parts of the liquid film to be intermittently mixed, increasing the exchange and renewal frequency, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the metal mesh cylinder can also drive the radial movement of part of the liquid film to a certain extent, thereby further increasing the exchange and renewal frequency.

[0012] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a damping component, and the damping component is used to make the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder have damping.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder has damping, which can make the lifting of the metal mesh cylinder more gentle, and its interference on the liquid film is also more gentle to ensure the stability of the liquid film.

[0014] Optionally, the displacement control component includes a lifting ring and a lifting drive structure. The lifting ring is vertically slidably matched with the inner wall of the tank body, and the upper end of each metal mesh cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting ring through a bracket. The lifting drive structure is used to drive the lifting ring to vertically slide.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, by setting the lifting ring and the lifting drive structure, the overall lifting of each metal mesh cylinder can be realized, which is more convenient and efficient.

[0016] Optionally, the tank body is provided with a damping component, and the damping component is used to make the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder have damping. The damping component includes a rubber sleeve, and the rubber sleeve is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the lifting ring, and the outer wall of the rubber sleeve is attached to the inner wall of the tank body.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the friction between the rubber sleeve and the inner wall of the tank is relatively large, so that the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder has damping.

[0018] Optionally, the displacement control assembly includes a sliding tube, an electromagnet, a first spring and a slider. The sliding tube is arranged vertically, the upper end of the sliding tube is fixed to the uniform structure, the slider is connected to the metal mesh cylinder, the slider is vertically slidably matched with the inner wall of the sliding tube, and when the electromagnet is energized, it adsorbs the slider to move upward, and the elastic force of the first spring is used to force the slider to slide downward relative to the sliding tube.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, by setting the electromagnet and the first spring to cooperate to control the lifting of the slider and the metal mesh cylinder, and at the same time, each displacement control assembly is correspondingly controlled with each metal mesh cylinder, so that the lifting of individual metal mesh cylinders can be controlled. For example, the heating tube near the steam inlet tube heats up faster, and the liquid film flow rate in the heating tube can be controlled to increase, while the heating tube far from the steam inlet tube heats up slower, and the liquid film flow rate in the heating tube can be controlled to decrease, so that the liquid film temperatures at various positions are relatively uniform.

[0020] Secondly, the liquid film speeds in different heating tubes can all be different.

[0021] Optionally, the tank is provided with a damping assembly for making the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder have damping. The damping assembly includes a rubber ring, and the rubber ring is located on the sliding fit surface between the slider and the sliding tube.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the friction between the rubber ring and the inner wall of the sliding tube is relatively large, so that the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder has damping.

[0023] Optionally, the slider and the metal mesh cylinder are fixedly connected by a second spring arranged vertically; a spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the sliding tube, a round block is fixed on the outer wall of the slider, and the round block is slidably matched with the spiral groove; when the metal mesh cylinder is at the lowest position, the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder fits against the conical inner wall, the second spring is in a compressed state, and as the slider gradually moves downward, the second spring is gradually compressed.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, when controlled by the electromagnet and the first spring, through the sliding fit of the round block and the spiral groove, the slider will make a circumferential rotation, thereby driving the second spring and the metal mesh cylinder to make a circumferential rotation. When the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder fits against the conical inner wall, the slider continues to move downward. Although the metal mesh cylinder does not continue to move downward, it still remains in a rotating state, and the second spring is gradually compressed. Therefore, the metal mesh cylinder attached to the conical inner wall will move circumferentially and scrape off the scale on the conical inner wall to avoid the situation of reduced heat transfer efficiency due to excessive scale. And during the continuous compression process of the second spring, the elastic force gradually increases, and the abutting pressure of the metal mesh cylinder on the conical inner wall increases, and the descaling effect gradually enhances.

[0025] Optionally, the mesh count of the metal mesh cylinder is 20 - 120 meshes.

[0026] The present application provides an extraction and concentration method, which specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:

[0027] An extraction and concentration method includes the following steps: The liquid in the material barrel enters the uniform distribution structure in the feed chamber through the feed pipe. The uniform distribution structure divides the liquid into multiple strands, and the multiple strands of liquid fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition plate and enter the heating pipe through the upper pipe orifice of the heating pipe. The liquid forms a downward flowing liquid film on the conical inner wall of the heating pipe, and the liquid film covers the metal mesh cylinder. During this period, the steam from the steam generator enters the heating chamber through the steam inlet pipe, and the steam heats the heating pipe to heat the liquid film in the heating pipe. The steam is discharged from the steam discharge pipe; the concentrated liquid and the secondary steam evaporated are obtained by heating the liquid film. The secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator through the feed pipe to separate the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0029] 1. By setting the metal mesh cylinder and the conical inner wall, the metal mesh cylinder can not only lock the liquid film to ensure the stability of the liquid film, but also exert resistance to the flow of the liquid film to reduce the flow rate of the liquid film, thereby prolonging the flow time of the liquid film to improve the heating effect; Secondly, since the warp and weft directions of the metal wires of the metal mesh cylinder are both inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh cylinder, the downward flowing liquid film will be circumferentially diffused under the guidance of the metal wires, making the circumferential distribution of the liquid film on the conical inner wall more uniform, so as to greatly improve the heating effect and reduce the occurrence of fouling.

[0030] 2. By setting the displacement control component, which controls the metal mesh cylinder to make continuous reciprocating up and down movements, it will affect the flow rates of different parts of the liquid film, making the two parts of the liquid film mix intermittently, increasing the exchange and update frequency, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the metal mesh cylinder can also drive part of the liquid film to move radially to a certain extent, thereby further increasing the exchange and update frequency;

[0031] 3. Through the sliding fit of the round block and the spiral groove, the slider will make a circumferential rotation, thereby driving the second spring and the metal mesh cylinder to make a circumferential rotation. Therefore, the metal mesh cylinder attached to the conical inner wall will move circumferentially and scrape off the fouling on the conical inner wall to avoid the situation of reduced heat transfer efficiency due to excessive fouling. And during the continuous compression of the second spring, the elastic force gradually increases, and the contact pressure of the metal mesh cylinder on the conical inner wall increases, and the descaling effect gradually enhances. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is the overall system schematic diagram of Embodiment 1.

[0033] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the heater of Embodiment 1.

[0034] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of the position A in

[0035] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heater of Embodiment 2.

[0036] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged view of the position B in

[0037] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the heater of Embodiment 3.

[0038] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view of the position C in

[0039] Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the displacement control assembly of Embodiment 4 for showing.

[0040] Figure 9 is Figure 8 a partial enlarged view of the position D in

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic view of the sliding tube of Embodiment 4.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, heating tube; 3, displacement control assembly; 10, material tank; 11, conical inner wall; 12, metal mesh cylinder; 13, guiding part; 15, support rod; 20, heater; 201, tank body; 202, upper partition plate; 203, lower partition plate; 205, feeding cavity; 206, heating cavity; 207, discharging cavity; 208, feeding pipe; 209, steam inlet pipe; 210, steam outlet pipe; 211, material conveying pipe; 22, uniform distribution structure; 221, upper uniform distribution plate; 222, lower uniform distribution plate; 223, side wall; 30, steam generator; 31, lifting drive structure; 32, lifting ring; 321, bracket; 322, rubber sleeve; 33, sliding tube; 331, spiral groove; 35, electromagnet; 36, slider; 361, round block; 37, first spring; 38, rubber ring; 39, second spring; 40, separator. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0043] The following details the embodiments of the present application, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the attached Figures 1-10 figures.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "certain embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Example 1 discloses an extraction and concentration system, as Figure 1 shown. The extraction and concentration system includes a feed tank 10, a heater 20, a steam generator 30, and a separator 40. The feed tank 10 is used to inject the feed liquid into the heater 20, and the steam in the steam generator 30 is injected into the heater 20 to heat the feed liquid in the heater 20 to obtain concentrated liquid and secondary steam evaporated. The secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator 40 to separate and obtain secondary steam and concentrated liquid.

[0047] In this embodiment, there is one heater 20, one steam generator 30, and one separator 40, that is, a single-effect extraction and concentration system. In other embodiments, the heater 20 and the separator 40 can be set to three, and the steam of the steam generator 30 is heated through each heater 20 in turn. The heating temperatures of each heater 20 are different, and the feed liquid is heated through each heater 20 in turn. At the same time, the secondary steam can also participate in the steam flow of the steam generator 30 to improve the thermal energy utilization rate, and thus a triple-effect extraction and concentration system can also be formed.

[0048] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, the heater 20 includes a tank body 201, a uniform distribution structure 22, a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes 1, and a metal mesh cylinder 12. The tank body 201 is vertical and cylindrical. A circular upper partition 202 and a circular lower partition 203 are installed in the tank body 201. The upper partition 202 and the lower partition 203 divide the inner cavity of the tank body 201 into a feed cavity 205, a heating cavity 206, and a discharge cavity 207. The tank body 201 is provided with a feed pipe 208 communicating with the feed cavity 205, a steam inlet pipe 209 communicating with the heating cavity 206, a steam discharge pipe 210 communicating with the heating cavity 206, and a feed pipe 211 communicating between the discharge cavity 207 and the separator 40.

[0049] The uniform distribution structure 22 is located inside the feed chamber 205. Specifically, the uniform distribution structure 22 includes an upper uniform distribution plate 221 and a lower uniform distribution plate 222 installed in the feed chamber 205. The diameter of the lower uniform distribution plate 222 is larger than that of the upper uniform distribution plate 221. The outer edge of the lower uniform distribution plate 222 has a side wall 223. Both the upper uniform distribution plate 221 and the lower uniform distribution plate 222 are densely provided with holes for the feed liquid to pass through, and the holes of the upper uniform distribution plate 221 and the lower uniform distribution plate 222 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0050] The heating tube 1 is vertically arranged. The two ends of the heating tube 1 are respectively fixed to the upper partition plate 202 and the lower partition plate 203, that is, the two ends of the heating tube 1 respectively penetrate through the upper partition plate 202 and the lower partition plate 203, so that the two ends of the heating tube 1 are respectively communicated with the feed chamber 205 and the discharge chamber 207, and the upper pipe orifice of the heating tube 1 is arranged in a staggered manner with the holes of the lower uniform distribution plate 222.

[0051] The inner wall of the heating tube 1 is set as a conical inner wall 11, and the diameter of the upper port of the conical inner wall 11 is larger than that of the lower port. The taper of the conical inner wall 11 is less than or equal to 1:130.

[0052] The metal mesh cylinder 12 is set as a conical cylinder. The taper of the metal mesh cylinder 12 is the same as that of the conical inner wall 11. The metal mesh cylinder 12 is composed of a mesh cloth formed by weaving metal wires. The warp and weft directions of the metal wires are both inclined to the axis of the metal mesh cylinder 12; the mesh number of the mesh holes of the metal mesh cylinder 12 is 20 - 120 meshes.

[0053] In this embodiment, the metal mesh cylinder 12 is located inside the heating tube 1, and the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 is attached to the conical inner wall 11. Through the support of the conical inner wall 11, the metal mesh cylinder 12 is positioned and supported. In other embodiments, the upper end of the metal mesh cylinder 12 can be fixed to the upper uniform distribution plate 221, the metal mesh cylinder 12 is suspended inside the heating tube 1, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 and the conical inner wall 11. This gap is used for part of the liquid film to pass through, and the other part of the liquid film contacts the metal mesh cylinder 12.

[0054] The upper end of the metal mesh cylinder 12 is higher than the upper partition plate 202. The upper end part of the metal mesh cylinder 12 is set as a guiding part 13. The mesh number of the mesh holes of the guiding part 13 can be the same as that of other parts of the metal mesh cylinder 12, or the mesh number of the mesh holes of the guiding part 13 can be smaller than that of other parts of the metal mesh cylinder 12.

[0055] This embodiment also discloses an extraction and concentration method using the above extraction and concentration system, including the following steps: The feed liquid in the feed barrel enters the uniform distribution structure 22 in the feed chamber 205 through the feed pipe 208. The uniform distribution structure 22 divides the feed liquid into multiple strands, and the multiple strands of feed liquid fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition plate 202 and enter the heating tube 1 through the upper pipe orifice of the heating tube 1.

[0056] During this process, since the guide portion 13 is higher than the upper partition 202, the guide portion 13 blocks the high-speed splashing of the slurry to a certain extent, so that the slurry flows downward along the outer wall of the metal mesh tube 12 more stably, so that the slurry forms a more stable liquid film on the conical inner wall 11 of the heating tube 1, and the liquid film covers the metal mesh tube 12. The metal mesh tube 12 can not only lock the liquid film to ensure the stability of the liquid film, but also exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film to reduce the flow speed of the liquid film, thereby prolonging the flow time of the liquid film to improve the heating effect; secondly, since the longitude and latitude directions of the metal wires of the metal mesh tube 12 are inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh tube 12, the downward flowing liquid film will diffuse circumferentially under the guidance of the metal wires, so that the circumferential distribution of the liquid film on the conical inner wall 11 is more uniform, thereby greatly improving the heating effect and reducing the occurrence of scaling.

[0057] While the liquid film flows in the heating tube 1, the steam from the steam generator 30 enters the heating chamber 206 through the steam inlet pipe 209, the steam heats the heating tube 1 to heat the liquid film in the heating tube 1, and the steam is discharged from the steam outlet pipe 210; the heated liquid film obtains concentrated liquid and evaporated secondary steam, the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator 40 through the feed pipe 211 to separate the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the tank body 201 is provided with a displacement control component 3, which is used to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder 12. When the displacement control component 3 moves the metal mesh cylinder 12 to the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 fits the conical inner wall 11; when the displacement control component 3 moves the metal mesh cylinder 12 to the highest point, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 and the conical inner wall 11 is greater than or equal to the liquid film thickness.

[0060] In this embodiment, the displacement control component 3 includes a lifting ring 32 and a lifting drive structure 31. The lifting ring 32 cooperates with the inner wall of the tank body 201 to slide vertically. The upper end of each metal mesh tube 12 is fixedly connected to the lifting ring 32 through a bracket 321. The lifting drive structure 31 is used to drive the lifting ring 32 to slide vertically. The lifting drive structure 31 can be a cylinder, which is installed on the outside of the tank body 201. The cylinder is vertically arranged, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder slides through the tank body 201 and is fixedly connected to the bracket 321.

[0061] In order to make the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder 12 gentler, the following settings can also be made. The tank body 201 is provided with a damping component, and the damping component is used to make the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder 12 have damping. In this embodiment, the damping component includes a rubber sleeve 322. The rubber sleeve 322 is sleeved and fixed outside the lifting ring 32, and the outer wall of the rubber sleeve 322 is attached to the inner wall of the tank body 201. Since the friction force between the rubber sleeve 322 and the inner wall of the tank body 201 is relatively large, the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder 12 has damping.

[0062] The application working conditions of the displacement control component 3 are various. For example, the displacement control component 3 can adjust the height position of the metal mesh cylinder 12 relative to the heating tube 1 and keep it at this height position for a long time. Since the metal mesh cylinder 12 can exert resistance on the flow of the liquid film, when the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 is completely attached to the conical inner wall 11, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder 12 on the liquid film is the largest and the liquid film flow rate is the lowest. When the metal mesh cylinder 12 rises to the highest position and the shortest distance between the outer wall and the conical inner wall 11 is the largest, the metal mesh cylinder 12 has no interference on the liquid film and the liquid film flow rate is the largest. Therefore, by controlling the metal mesh cylinder 12, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder 12 on the liquid film can be adjusted, thereby controlling the liquid film flow rate to adapt to a wider range for different types of liquid films.

[0063] For another example, the displacement control component 3 can control the continuous lifting and reciprocating movement of the metal mesh cylinder 12. Since the flow state of the liquid film is laminar flow, the flow velocity of the liquid film near the conical inner wall 11 is lower than that of the liquid film far from the conical inner wall 11, and the temperature of the liquid film near the conical inner wall 11 is also slightly higher than that of the liquid film far from the conical inner wall 11. Moreover, the interference volume of the metal mesh cylinder 12 on the liquid film will also affect the flow velocity and movement range of different parts of the liquid film. Therefore, during the process of the metal mesh cylinder 12 moving from being attached to the conical inner wall 11 to being away from the conical inner wall 11, that is, during the upward movement of the metal mesh cylinder 12, the interference of the metal mesh cylinder 12 on the liquid film at the conical inner wall 11 part decreases, causing the flow velocity of the liquid film at the conical inner wall 11 part to increase. The increase in the flow velocity of this part of the liquid film will guide the liquid film far from the conical inner wall 11 to move towards the conical inner wall 11 direction, achieving convergence, that is, mixing the two parts of the liquid film, increasing the exchange and update frequency, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency. When the internal and external temperature difference is small, vaporization will strongly disturb the inner surface of the liquid film, making it not easy to scale; during the process of the metal mesh cylinder 12 moving from being away from the conical inner wall 11 to being attached to the conical inner wall 11, that is, during the downward movement of the metal mesh cylinder 12, the flow velocity of the liquid film far from the conical inner wall 11 increases. The increase in the flow velocity of this part of the liquid film will guide the liquid film near the conical inner wall 11 to move along the direction away from the conical inner wall 11, achieving convergence, that is, mixing the two parts of the liquid film, increasing the exchange and update frequency, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency. In this way, when the metal mesh cylinder 12 makes continuous lifting and reciprocating movement, it will affect the flow velocity of different parts of the liquid film, causing the two parts of the liquid film to be intermittently mixed, increasing the exchange and update frequency, and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the metal mesh cylinder 12 can also drive the radial movement of part of the liquid film to a certain extent, thereby further increasing the exchange and update frequency.

[0064] Embodiment 3

[0065] The difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 is that, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, the displacement control component 3 includes a sliding tube 33, an electromagnet 35, a first spring 37, and a slider 36. The sliding tube 33 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the sliding tube 33 is fixed to the bottom of the lower uniform distribution disk 222. The slider 36 is a cylindrical block, and the slider 36 is fixedly connected to the metal mesh cylinder 12 through a support rod 15. The slider 36 is vertically slidably matched with the inner wall of the sliding tube 33. The electromagnet 35 is located directly above the slider 36, and when the electromagnet 35 is energized, it adsorbs the slider 36 to move upward; the first spring 37 is vertically arranged, the lower end of the first spring 37 abuts against the top of the slider 36, and the elastic force of the first spring 37 is used to force the slider 36 to slide downward relative to the sliding tube 33.

[0066] By setting the electromagnet 35 and the first spring 37 to cooperate in controlling the lifting of the slider 36 and the metal mesh cylinder 12. Specifically, when the electromagnet 35 is energized once, its magnetic force will adsorb the slider 36 and the metal mesh cylinder 12 to move upward. At this time, the first spring 37 is compressed. When the electromagnet 35 is de-energized, the first spring 37 resumes its deformation, and the elastic force of the first spring 37 will force the slider 36 and the metal mesh cylinder 12 to slide downward. That is, the effects achieved by the displacement control assembly 3 in this embodiment include the effects achieved by the displacement control assembly 3 in Embodiment 2.

[0067] Moreover, each displacement control assembly 3 in this embodiment corresponds to and controls each metal mesh cylinder 12 one by one, so as to be able to control the lifting of individual metal mesh cylinders 12. Its control is more flexible than that in Embodiment 2. For example, the heating tube 1 close to the steam inlet pipe 209 heats up faster, and the metal mesh cylinder 12 corresponding to this heating tube 1 can be controlled to be higher, so that the liquid film flow rate in this heating tube 1 is increased. While the heating tube 1 far from the steam inlet pipe 209 heats up slower, and the metal mesh cylinder 12 corresponding to this heating tube 1 can be controlled to be lower, so that the liquid film flow rate in this heating tube 1 is reduced, thereby making the liquid film temperatures at various positions more uniform.

[0068] Secondly, a damping assembly can also be added in this embodiment. The damping assembly in this embodiment includes a rubber ring 38, and the rubber ring 38 is located on the sliding fit surface between the slider 36 and the sliding tube 33.

[0069] Embodiment 4

[0070] The difference between Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 3 is that, as Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 shown, the slider 36 and the support rod 15 are fixedly connected by a second spring 39 arranged vertically. In this embodiment, the damping assembly of Comparative Document 2 can be adopted, or the damping assembly of Comparative Document 2 can be not adopted.

[0071] The inner wall of the sliding tube 33 is provided with a spiral groove 331, and a round block 361 is fixed on the outer wall of the slider 36. The round block 361 is in sliding fit with the spiral groove 331. When the electromagnet 35 and the first spring 37 control the lifting and sliding of the slider 36, through the sliding fit between the round block 361 and the spiral groove 331, the slider 36 will perform a circumferential rotation, thereby driving the second spring 39 and the metal mesh cylinder 12 to perform a circumferential rotation.

[0072] When the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder 12 fits against the conical inner wall 11 (i.e., when the metal mesh cylinder 12 moves down to the lowest position), the first spring 37 still forces the slider 36 to continue moving down. Although the metal mesh cylinder 12 does not continue to move down, the slider 36 continues to move down and rotates circumferentially, so that the metal mesh cylinder 12 still remains in a rotating state. During this process, the second spring 39 is gradually compressed. Therefore, the metal mesh cylinder 12 that fits against the conical inner wall 11 will move circumferentially and scrape off the scale on the conical inner wall 11 to avoid the situation of reduced heat transfer efficiency caused by excessive scale. And during the continuous compression of the second spring 39, the elastic force gradually increases, and the abutting pressure of the metal mesh cylinder 12 against the conical inner wall 11 increases, and the descaling effect gradually enhances.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An extraction and concentration system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a material tank (10), a heater (20), a steam generator (30) and a separator (40); the heater (20) comprises a tank body (201), a uniformly distributed structure (22), a plurality of vertically arranged heating tubes (1) and a metal mesh cylinder (12); an upper partition (202) and a lower partition (203) are installed in the tank body (201); the upper partition (202) and the lower partition (203) divide the inner cavity of the tank body (201) into a feeding cavity (205), a heating cavity (206) and a discharging cavity (207); The tank body (201) is provided with a feed pipe (208) connected to the feed chamber (205), a steam inlet pipe (209) connected to the heating chamber (206), a steam outlet pipe (210) connected to the heating chamber (206), and a feed pipe (211) connected between the discharge chamber (207) and the separator (40); the uniform distribution structure (22) is located in the feed chamber (205); the two ends of the heating pipe (1) are respectively fixed to the upper partition (202) and the lower partition (203); the two ends of the heating pipe (1) are respectively connected to the feed chamber (205); 05) is connected to the discharge chamber (207), the inner wall of the heating tube (1) is set as a conical inner wall (11), the upper end diameter of the conical inner wall (11) is larger than the lower end diameter, the metal mesh cylinder (12) is set as a conical cylinder, and the taper of the metal mesh cylinder (12) is consistent with the taper of the conical inner wall (11); the metal mesh cylinder (12) is composed of a mesh cloth woven by metal wires, wherein the warp and weft directions of the metal wires are both arranged to be inclined to the axial direction of the metal mesh cylinder (12); the metal mesh cylinder (12) is located in the heating tube (1), and the upper end of the metal mesh cylinder (12) The upper end of the metal mesh cylinder (12) is higher than the upper partition (202) and is set as a guide part (13); the tank body (201) is provided with a displacement control component (3), and the displacement control component (3) is used to control the lifting and lowering of the metal mesh cylinder (12); when the metal mesh cylinder (12) is at the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder (12) fits the conical inner wall (11); when the metal mesh cylinder (12) is at the highest point, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the metal mesh cylinder (12) and the conical inner wall (11) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the liquid film.

2. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank body (201) is provided with a damping assembly, and the damping assembly is used to provide damping for the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh cylinder (12).

3. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement control assembly (3) comprises a lifting ring (32) and a lifting drive structure (31); the lifting ring (32) cooperates with the inner wall of the tank body (201) to slide vertically; the upper end of each metal mesh cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the lifting ring (32) via a bracket (321); and the lifting drive structure (31) is used to drive the lifting ring (32) to slide vertically.

4. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tank body (201) is provided with a damping assembly, which is used to damp the lifting movement of the metal mesh cylinder (12). The damping assembly comprises a rubber sleeve (322), which is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the lifting ring (32), and the outer wall of the rubber sleeve (322) is in contact with the inner wall of the tank body (201).

5. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement control assembly (3) comprises a slide tube (33), an electromagnet (35), a first spring (37) and a slider (36); the slide tube (33) is arranged vertically; the upper end of the slide tube (33) is fixed to the uniformly distributed structure (22); the slider (36) is connected to the metal mesh tube (12); the slider (36) and the inner wall of the slide tube (33) are vertically slidably matched; when the electromagnet (35) is energized, the slider (36) is attracted to move upward; and the elastic force of the first spring (37) is used to force the slider (36) to slide downward relative to the slide tube (33).

6. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tank body (201) is provided with a damping assembly, which is used to damp the lifting and lowering movement of the metal mesh cylinder (12). The damping assembly includes a rubber ring (38), and the rubber ring (38) is located on the sliding matching surface between the slider (36) and the slide tube (33).

7. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slider (36) is fixedly connected to the metal mesh tube (12) via a second spring (39) arranged vertically; a spiral groove (331) is provided on the inner wall of the slide tube (33); a round block (361) is fixed on the outer wall of the slider (36); the round block (361) and the spiral groove (331) are slidably matched; when the metal mesh tube (12) is at the lowest point, the outer wall of the metal mesh tube (12) fits the conical inner wall (11), the second spring (39) is in a compressed state, and the second spring (39) is gradually compressed as the slider (36) gradually moves downward.

8. The extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh size of the metal mesh cylinder (12) is 20 to 120 meshes.

9. An extraction and concentration method, applied to the extraction and concentration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The liquid in the material tank (10) enters the uniform distribution structure (22) of the feed chamber (205) through the feed pipe (208). The uniform distribution structure (22) divides the liquid into multiple strands. The multiple strands of liquid fall onto the upper surface of the upper partition (202) and enter the heating tube (1) through the upper pipe opening of the heating tube (1). The liquid forms a downward-flowing liquid film on the conical inner wall (11) of the heating tube (1). The liquid film covers the metal mesh tube (12). During this period, the steam of the steam generator (30) enters the heating chamber (206) through the steam inlet pipe (209). The steam heats the heating tube (1) to heat the liquid film in the heating tube (1). The steam is discharged from the steam discharge pipe (210). The liquid film is heated to obtain a concentrated liquid and evaporated secondary steam. The secondary steam and the concentrated liquid enter the separator (40) through the feed pipe (211) to separate the secondary steam and the concentrated liquid.

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