Mechanical drilling rock breaking system based on laser assistance and rock breaking method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser-assisted mechanical drilling rock breaking system which comprises a drill rod, a cooling channel distributed along the length of the drill rod is arranged in the drill rod, a laser emitting head is arranged at the position, corresponding to the cooling channel, of the top of the drill rod, and a mechanical drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod. The laser emitting head emits laser beams in the drill rod in the direction towards the mechanical drill bit, a chip removal through hole is formed in the center of the mechanical drill bit, the chip removal through hole and a cooling channel in the drill rod are coaxially arranged, a plurality of laser spraying holes are evenly formed in the mechanical drill bit, and the laser emitting head is connected with a laser generator through a laser transmission pipe. The laser generator is electrically connected with a control terminal through a wire. The problem that in the prior art, single laser rock breaking cannot be coordinated with mechanical rock breaking equipment during rock breaking, so that the rock breaking efficiency is poor or the equipment is overheated is solved. The invention further discloses a rock breaking method of the mechanical drilling rock breaking system based on laser assistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of auxiliary mechanical rock breaking equipment, and relates to a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system. The present invention also discloses a rock breaking method based on the laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system. Background Art

[0002] In the process of drilling deep and hard formations, due to the complex geological conditions, dense lithology, high hardness and strong abrasiveness, traditional mechanical drilling technology often faces problems such as low drilling speed, long drilling cycle, severe wear of drill tools and high overall cost. Therefore, improving drilling speed and shortening drilling cycle are major scientific research issues that need to be solved in the current drilling engineering field. Laser rock breaking technology has shown good application prospects in the efficient crushing of hard rocks due to its advantages of low cost, high efficiency and strong reliability, and has become a research hotspot in the drilling field. Its principle is to directly act on the rock through a high-energy laser beam, so that the rock is locally melted or even gasified, and is carried away by the auxiliary airflow. It is a non-mechanical contact physical rock breaking method. Studies have shown that the laser drilling speed is 10 to 100 times that of traditional drilling speed. However, single laser rock breaking technology still has limitations in large-scale operations, mainly reflected in high energy consumption, heat accumulation and insufficient adaptability to different rock materials. The penetration depth of laser in high-hardness rocks is limited, resulting in poor deep rock breaking efficiency. In addition, lasers are less efficient when processing high-hardness rocks, causing equipment overheating and affecting the continuity and stability of operations.

[0003] In order to meet the above challenges, it is particularly important to carry out systematic laboratory research before field drilling operations. Indoor experiments can not only evaluate the adaptability of new technologies to different rock types in a controllable environment, optimize key technical parameters (such as laser power, pulse frequency, cooling mechanism, etc.), and provide a scientific basis for field applications. At the same time, indoor experimental research can deeply analyze the physical mechanism of the interaction between laser and rock, and provide theoretical support for technical improvement. At present, the laser rock breaking equipment used for indoor experiments mainly includes high-power lasers, cooling and infrared thermal imagers, high-speed cameras, etc. These devices can simulate the action process of laser on rock under actual drilling conditions. However, the existing experimental equipment is still based on a single laser rock breaking technology, and has not yet achieved effective coordination with mechanical rock breaking equipment. Therefore, there are still problems such as high energy consumption and heat accumulation in large-scale operations, and the rock breaking efficiency of high-hardness rocks needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, which solves the problem in the prior art that a single laser rock breaking cannot cooperate with mechanical rock breaking equipment, resulting in poor rock breaking efficiency or equipment overheating.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a rock breaking method based on a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, including a drill rod, a cooling channel distributed along the length of the drill rod is arranged inside the drill rod, the setting of the cooling channel makes the drill rod present a hollow structure, a laser transmitter is arranged at the position of the cooling channel on the top of the drill rod, a mechanical drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod, the laser transmitter emits a laser beam in the drill rod toward the mechanical drill bit, a beam shaping module is also arranged in the drill rod between the laser transmitter and the mechanical drill bit, a chip removal hole is opened in the center of the mechanical drill bit, the chip removal hole is coaxially arranged with the cooling channel in the drill rod, a plurality of laser nozzles are also evenly arranged on the mechanical drill bit, the laser transmitter is connected to a laser generator through a laser transmission tube, and the laser generator is electrically connected to a control terminal through a wire.

[0007] The present invention is also characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor installed on the surface of the mechanical drill bit or in the working area of ​​the mechanical drill bit, a stress sensor installed above the drill rod, and a displacement sensor installed at the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit. The temperature sensor, the stress sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to a data acquisition module through wires, and the data acquisition module is connected to a control terminal through wires.

[0008] Each blade of the mechanical drill bit is also provided with at least one rectangular cooling through hole.

[0009] The beam shaping module comprises a diffraction optical element and a focusing lens which are arranged in sequence according to the propagation direction of the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter.

[0010] An inlet is arranged in the middle of the drill rod, the inlet is communicated with a cooling channel in the drill rod, and an external cooling liquid source is connected at the inlet through an interface.

[0011] The utility model also comprises a base, on which a pillar is arranged, and a mechanical drilling body is fixedly connected to the pillar by fixing screws, and the top of the drill rod is fixedly connected to the mechanical drilling body.

[0012] The mechanical drilling body comprises a box body fixed on a support by fixing screws, a power driving device is arranged in the box body, and an output end of the power driving device is fixedly connected to the top of the drill pipe.

[0013] A control switch is arranged outside the box, the control switch is connected to the power drive device through a wire, the power drive device is also connected to the control terminal through a wire, and the data acquisition module is arranged on the outer wall of the box.

[0014] The second technical solution of the present invention is a rock breaking method based on a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, which adopts the above-mentioned laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system and is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 1, open the control terminal and ensure that the data transmission is correct; Step 2: according to the rock type and expected drilling depth, set the initial laser parameters, turn on the control switch, turn on the power drive device to realize the rotation and advancement of the mechanical drill bit, and turn on the laser generator until the mechanical drill bit contacts the rock surface; Step 3: The mechanical drill bit continues to rotate and advance according to the drilling depth. During the drilling process, the temperature sensor, stress sensor and displacement sensor transmit the real-time collected data to the control terminal through the data acquisition module, and the control terminal adjusts the laser parameters according to the feedback data. Step 4: After drilling is completed, turn off the laser generator and the power drive device and record the drilling data.

[0015] In step 3, the control terminal adjusts the laser parameters according to the feedback data as follows: Set the upper temperature threshold T at the control terminal 1 and the lower temperature threshold T 2 , and the upper limit of stress S 1 and the lower limit of stress S 2 ; During the drilling process, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is higher than the set threshold T 1 When the temperature is lower than T, reduce the laser power P or increase the coolant flow rate; 2 When the stress sensor detects that the rock stress increases to S 1 , indicating that the difficulty of rock breaking increases, then the laser power P and pulse frequency are increased. f ; If the stress sensor detects that the rock stress decreases to S 2 , the laser power P is reduced to save energy; if the displacement sensor detects that the drill bit enters a thick layer or hard rock layer, the laser power is increased and the coolant flow rate is increased; if it enters a soft rock or thin layer area, the power and coolant flow rate are reduced to ensure an optimized balance between efficiency and energy consumption.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention improves rock breaking efficiency and reduces drill bit wear through the synergistic effect of laser and mechanical drilling. During the rock breaking process, the temperature, stress and displacement indicators of the rock breaking process are monitored in real time, and the laser parameters are adjusted according to different rock types and rock breaking states to optimize the rock breaking process. At the same time, cooling and chip removal are coordinated to effectively control the temperature and remove the rock chips, thereby ensuring the efficient, stable and safe operation of the device, significantly improving the drilling performance, effectively reducing the problem of poor rock breaking efficiency of a single laser or overheating of the equipment, and improving the rock breaking operation efficiency and equipment life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a bottom view of a mechanical drill bit in the laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a working principle diagram of the beam shaping module in the laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Laser generator, 2. Mechanical drilling body, 3. Drill rod, 4. Mechanical drill bit, 5. Data acquisition module, 6. Control terminal, 7. Cooling channel, 7-1. Cooling through hole, 8. Chip removal through hole, 9. Laser nozzle, 10. Beam shaping module, 11. Blade, 12. Base; 13. Pillar, 14. Fixing screw, 15. Control switch, 16. Rock to be tested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 The present invention is based on a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill rod 3, a cooling channel 7 distributed along the length of the drill rod 3 is arranged inside the drill rod 3, the setting of the cooling channel 7 makes the drill rod 3 present a hollow structure, a laser transmitter is arranged at the position of the top of the drill rod 3 corresponding to the cooling channel 7, the lower end of the drill rod 3 is fixedly connected to a mechanical drill bit 4, the laser transmitter emits a laser beam in the drill rod 3 toward the mechanical drill bit 4, a beam shaping module 10 is also arranged between the laser transmitter and the mechanical drill bit 4 in the drill rod 3, a chip removal hole 8 is opened in the center of the mechanical drill bit 4, the chip removal hole 8 is coaxially arranged with the cooling channel 7 in the drill rod 3, a plurality of laser nozzles 9 are also evenly arranged on the mechanical drill bit 4, the laser transmitter is connected to the laser generator 1 through a laser transmission tube, and the laser generator 1 is electrically connected to the control terminal 6 through a wire.

[0021] Example 2 The present invention is based on a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill rod 3, a cooling channel 7 distributed along the length of the drill rod 3 is arranged inside the drill rod 3, the arrangement of the cooling channel 7 makes the drill rod 3 present a hollow structure, a laser transmitter is arranged at the position of the top of the drill rod 3 corresponding to the cooling channel 7, a mechanical drill bit 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod 3, the laser transmitter emits a laser beam in the drill rod 3 toward the direction of the mechanical drill bit 4, and a beam shaping module 10 is also arranged between the laser transmitter and the mechanical drill bit 4 in the drill rod 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, a chip removal hole 8 is provided at the center of the mechanical drill bit 4, and the chip removal hole 8 is coaxially arranged with the cooling channel 7 in the drill rod 3. A plurality of laser nozzle holes 9 are also evenly arranged on the mechanical drill bit 4. The laser emission head is connected to the laser generator 1 through a laser transmission tube, and the laser generator 1 is electrically connected to the control terminal 6 through a wire.

[0022] It also includes a temperature sensor installed on the surface of the mechanical drill bit 4 or in the working area of ​​the mechanical drill bit 4, a stress sensor installed above the drill rod 3, and a displacement sensor installed at the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit. The temperature sensor, the stress sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to a data acquisition module 5 through wires, and the data acquisition module 5 is connected to a control terminal 6 through wires.

[0023] Example 3 The present invention is based on a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system includes a drill pipe 3, a cooling channel 7 distributed along the length of the drill pipe 3 is arranged inside the drill pipe 3, the setting of the cooling channel 7 makes the drill pipe 3 present a hollow structure, a laser transmitter is arranged at the position of the top of the drill pipe 3 corresponding to the cooling channel 7, a mechanical drill bit 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill pipe 3, the laser transmitter emits a laser beam in the drill pipe 3 toward the mechanical drill bit 4, a beam shaping module 10 is also arranged between the laser transmitter and the mechanical drill bit 4 in the drill pipe 3, a chip removal hole 8 is opened in the center of the mechanical drill bit 4, the chip removal hole 8 is coaxially arranged with the cooling channel 7 in the drill pipe 3, a plurality of laser nozzles 9 are also evenly arranged on the mechanical drill bit 4, the laser transmitter is connected to the laser generator 1 through a laser transmission tube, and the laser generator 1 is electrically connected to the control terminal 6 through a wire.

[0024] It also includes a temperature sensor installed on the surface of the mechanical drill bit 4 or in the working area of ​​the mechanical drill bit 4, a stress sensor installed above the drill rod 3, and a displacement sensor installed at the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit. The temperature sensor, the stress sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to a data acquisition module 5 through wires, and the data acquisition module 5 is connected to a control terminal 6 through wires.

[0025] The temperature sensor is arranged in the working area of ​​the mechanical drill bit 4 , that is, the temperature sensor is arranged on the rock 16 to be measured.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, each blade 11 of the mechanical drill bit 4 is also provided with at least one rectangular cooling through hole 7 - 1 .

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the beam shaping module 10 includes a diffraction optical element and a focusing lens which are sequentially arranged according to the propagation direction of the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter.

[0028] Example 4 The present invention is based on a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system includes a drill pipe 3, a cooling channel 7 distributed along the length of the drill pipe 3 is arranged inside the drill pipe 3, the setting of the cooling channel 7 makes the drill pipe 3 present a hollow structure, a laser transmitter is arranged at the position of the top of the drill pipe 3 corresponding to the cooling channel 7, a mechanical drill bit 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill pipe 3, the laser transmitter emits a laser beam in the drill pipe 3 toward the mechanical drill bit 4, a beam shaping module 10 is also arranged between the laser transmitter and the mechanical drill bit 4 in the drill pipe 3, a chip removal hole 8 is opened in the center of the mechanical drill bit 4, the chip removal hole 8 is coaxially arranged with the cooling channel 7 in the drill pipe 3, a plurality of laser nozzles 9 are also evenly arranged on the mechanical drill bit 4, the laser transmitter is connected to the laser generator 1 through a laser transmission tube, and the laser generator 1 is electrically connected to the control terminal 6 through a wire.

[0029] It also includes a temperature sensor installed on the surface of the mechanical drill bit 4 or in the working area of ​​the mechanical drill bit 4, a stress sensor installed above the drill rod 3, and a displacement sensor installed at the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit. The temperature sensor, the stress sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to a data acquisition module 5 through wires, and the data acquisition module 5 is connected to a control terminal 6 through wires.

[0030] Each blade 11 of the mechanical drill bit 4 is also provided with at least one rectangular cooling through hole 7 - 1 .

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the beam shaping module 10 includes a diffraction optical element and a focusing lens which are sequentially arranged according to the propagation direction of the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter.

[0032] An inlet is provided in the middle of the drill rod 3, and the inlet is communicated with a cooling channel 7 inside the drill rod 3, and an external cooling liquid source is connected at the inlet through an interface.

[0033] The machine also includes a base 12 , on which a support 13 is arranged, to which a mechanical drilling body 2 is fixedly connected via fixing screws 14 , and the top of the drill rod 3 is fixedly connected to the mechanical drilling body 2 .

[0034] The mechanical drilling body 2 includes a box body fixed on a support 13 by fixing screws 14 , a power drive device is arranged in the box body, and an output end of the power drive device is fixedly connected to the top of the drill pipe 3 .

[0035] A control switch 15 is arranged outside the box, and the control switch 15 is connected to the power drive device through a wire, and the power drive device is also connected to the control terminal 6 through a wire. The data acquisition module is arranged on the outer wall of the box.

[0036] Example 5 On the basis of Example 4, the power drive device adopts a hydraulic drive mode, the hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic motor to rotate through the pressure oil, and the output end of the hydraulic motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the drill bit, thereby driving the drill bit to rotate and advance.

[0037] Example 6 On the basis of Example 4, the laser generator 1 of the present invention emits a laser beam, which is transmitted in the cooling channel 7 through the laser emission head, and after being shaped by the beam shaping module 10, it is emitted through the chip removal through hole 8 and multiple laser nozzles 9. The multiple laser nozzles can be arranged in a rectangular array or a circular array.

[0038] The beam shaping module 10 changes the shape (elliptical, rectangular) and size of the laser beam by combining a diffractive optical element and a focusing lens.

[0039] Example 7 The rock breaking method based on the laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system of the present invention adopts the laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system in Example 5, and is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 1, open the control terminal 6 to ensure that the data transmission is correct; Step 2, according to the rock type and the expected drilling depth, set the initial laser parameters, that is, the initial laser power and pulse frequency, turn on the control switch 15, turn on the power drive device to realize the rotation and advancement of the mechanical drill bit 4, and turn on the laser generator 1 until the mechanical drill bit 4 contacts the rock surface; Step 3, the mechanical drill bit 4 continues to rotate and advance according to the drilling depth. During the drilling process, the temperature sensor, stress sensor and displacement sensor transmit the real-time collected data to the control terminal 6 through the data acquisition module 5, and the control terminal adjusts the laser parameters according to the feedback data; Step 4: After drilling is completed, turn off the laser generator 1 and the power drive device, and record the drilling data.

[0040] Since the high temperature of the laser heating process is concentrated at the point where the laser irradiates the rock surface, a temperature sensor is arranged around the laser or near the laser irradiation point to monitor the temperature of the laser action area in real time. The temperature sensor can be installed on the surface of the drill bit or in the working area close to the drill bit, especially at the position where the laser and the rock are in direct contact. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature changes on the surface and inside of the rock during laser irradiation to ensure that the laser and the mechanical drill bit work within a safe temperature range to prevent overheating damage; Stress sensors are used to monitor internal stress and crack growth in rocks; Displacement sensors are used to locate the position and movement trajectory of mechanical drilling equipment.

[0041] In step 3, the control terminal adjusts the laser parameters according to the feedback data as follows: the temperature upper limit threshold T is set at the control terminal. 1 and the lower temperature threshold T 2 , and the upper limit of stress S 1 and the lower limit of stress S 2 ; During the drilling process, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is higher than the set threshold T 1 When the temperature is lower than T, reduce the laser power P or increase the coolant flow rate; 2 When the stress sensor detects that the rock stress increases to S 1 , indicating that the difficulty of rock breaking increases, then the laser power P and pulse frequency are increased. f ; If the stress sensor detects that the rock stress decreases to S 2 , the laser power P is reduced to save energy; if the displacement sensor detects that the drill bit enters a thick layer or hard rock layer, the laser power is increased and the coolant flow rate is increased; if it enters a soft rock or thin layer area, the power and coolant flow rate are reduced to ensure an optimized balance between efficiency and energy consumption.

[0042] During rock breaking, the coolant is continuously delivered to the inside of the drill rod 3. A cooling channel 7 is laid in the hollow design of the drill rod 3 to transmit the coolant to the mechanical drill bit 4 in the drill bit area, and then further cooled through the rectangular cooling holes 7-1 set on each blade of the mechanical drill bit 4. The chip removal port is arranged in the center of the drill bit. The broken rock chips are effectively removed through the chip removal port 8 to prevent them from clogging the laser nozzle 9 and the mechanical drill bit 4. The coolant is delivered to the drill rod 3 through a pipeline and a pumping system.

[0043] Example 8 On the basis of Example 7, the laser generator 1 of the present invention adopts a fiber laser.

[0044] Example 9 On the basis of Example 7, the mechanical drill bit 4 of the present invention adopts a commonly used PDC drill bit, and a cooling through hole 7-1 and a laser spray hole 9 are additionally provided on the conventional PDC drill bit.

Claims

1. Laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a drill rod (3), wherein a cooling channel (7) is arranged inside the drill rod (3) and distributed along the length of the drill rod (3), and the arrangement of the cooling channel (7) makes the drill rod (3) present a hollow structure. A laser emitting head is arranged at a position corresponding to the cooling channel (7) at the top of the drill rod (3), and a mechanical drill head (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod (3). The laser emitting head emits a laser beam in the drill rod (3) in a direction toward the mechanical drill head (4). A beam shaping module (10) is also arranged in the drill rod (3) between the laser emitting head and the mechanical drill head (4). A chip removal through hole (8) is opened at the center of the mechanical drill head (4), and the chip removal through hole (8) is arranged coaxially with the cooling channel (7) in the drill rod (3). A plurality of laser spray holes (9) are also evenly arranged on the mechanical drill head (4). The laser emitting head is connected to a laser generator (1) via a laser transmission tube, and the laser generator (1) is electrically connected to a control terminal (6) via a wire.

2. The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor installed on the surface of the mechanical drill bit (4) or in the working area of ​​the mechanical drill bit (4), a stress sensor installed above the drill rod (3), and a displacement sensor installed at the connection between the drill rod and the drill bit, wherein the temperature sensor, the stress sensor, and the displacement sensor are connected to a data acquisition module (5) via a wire, and the data acquisition module (5) is connected to the control terminal (6) via a wire.

3. The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Each blade (11) of the mechanical drill bit (4) is also provided with at least one rectangular cooling through hole (7-1).

4. The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The beam shaping module (10) comprises a diffraction optical element and a focusing lens which are arranged in sequence according to the propagation direction of the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter.

5. The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An inlet is provided in the middle of the drill rod (3), the inlet is in communication with a cooling channel (7) in the drill rod (3), and an external cooling liquid source is connected to the inlet via an interface.

6. The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a base (12), on which a support (13) is arranged, to which a mechanical drilling body (2) is fixedly connected via a fixing screw (14), and the top of the drill rod (3) is fixedly connected to the mechanical drilling body (2).

7. The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mechanical drilling body (2) comprises a box body fixed to the support (13) via fixing screws (14), a power drive device is arranged in the box body, and the output end of the power drive device is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod (3).

8. The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A control switch (15) is arranged outside the box, the control switch (15) is connected to the power drive device via a wire, the power drive device is also connected to the control terminal (6) via a wire, and the data acquisition module is arranged on the outer wall of the box.

9. A rock breaking method based on a laser-assisted mechanical drilling rock breaking system, characterized in that: The laser-assisted mechanical drilling and rock breaking system according to claim 8 is implemented in the following steps: Step 1, open the control terminal (6) to ensure that the data transmission is correct; Step 2, according to the rock type and the expected drilling depth, the initial laser parameters are set, the control switch (15) is turned on, the power drive device is turned on to realize the rotation and advancement of the mechanical drill bit (4), and the laser generator (1) is turned on until the mechanical drill bit (4) contacts the rock surface; Step 3, the mechanical drill bit (4) continues to rotate and advance according to the drilling depth. During the drilling process, the temperature sensor, stress sensor, and displacement sensor transmit the real-time collected data to the control terminal (6) through the data acquisition module (5), and the control terminal adjusts the laser parameters according to the feedback data; Step 4: After the drilling is completed, turn off the laser generator (1) and the power drive device, and record the drilling data.

10. The rock breaking method based on the laser-assisted mechanical drilling rock breaking system according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3, the control terminal adjusts the laser parameters according to the feedback data by setting the temperature upper limit threshold T1 and the temperature lower limit threshold T2, as well as the stress upper limit value S1 and the stress lower limit value S2 at the control terminal; During the drilling process, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is higher than the set threshold T1, the laser power P is reduced or the coolant flow rate is increased; when the temperature is lower than T2, the laser power is increased to ensure rock breaking efficiency; if the stress sensor detects that the rock stress increases to S1, indicating that the rock breaking difficulty increases, the laser power P and pulse frequency are increased. f ; If the stress sensor detects that the rock stress is reduced to S2, the laser power P is reduced to save energy; if the displacement sensor detects that the drill bit enters a thick layer or hard rock layer, the laser power is increased and the coolant flow rate is increased; If entering soft rock or thin layers, the power and coolant flow are reduced to ensure an optimal balance between efficiency and energy consumption.

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