Laser cutting equipment and cutting method for metal material

Abstract

The invention discloses laser cutting equipment and a cutting method for metal materials, and relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment.The laser cutting equipment comprises a machine table, a laser cutter is arranged at the top of the machine table, the laser cutter comprises a shell, and a laser cutting head is installed in the shell; a rotating disc rotating around the laser cutting head is arranged on the edge of the laser cutting head, and an air supply spray head is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the rotating disc. According to the laser cutting equipment, the air supply spray head capable of rotating around the laser cutting head is arranged, materials are cleaned before cutting, and the air supply spray head is located behind the laser cutting head during cutting, so that residual slag in a notch is cleaned, the temperature difference between the notch and other parts of the materials is reduced, and then thermal stress is reduced; according to the cutting method matched with the cutting device, the material is preheated through low-power laser before cutting, and the thermal stress in the cutting process is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and particularly to a laser cutting equipment and a cutting method for metal materials. Background Art

[0002] During laser cutting, the heat affected zone is the area where the organizational structure, mechanical properties, and physical properties change due to local high temperature when the laser energy acts on the material. The existence of the heat affected zone may have a significant impact on the subsequent use performance of the material.

[0003] The high energy density of the laser beam rapidly raises the temperature of the material surface to the melting point or even the vaporization temperature, forming a molten pool. The high temperature diffuses to the surrounding materials through heat conduction, resulting in a very large temperature gradient in the adjacent area, and then generating thermal stress, which causes cracks and warping in the metal material. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting equipment and a cutting method for metal materials to solve the problem in the prior art that laser cutting leads to a very large temperature gradient in the adjacent area and then generates thermal stress as mentioned in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A laser cutting equipment for metal materials, including a machine table, on the top of which a laser cutter and a traveling mechanism for driving the laser cutter to move are provided. The laser cutter includes a housing, inside which a laser cutting head is installed. On the edge of the laser cutting head, a rotating disk that rotates around the laser cutting head is provided. On one side of the bottom of the rotating disk, a gas supply nozzle is fixedly installed.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: The bottom of the inner wall of the housing is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the inner wall of the mounting plate is rotationally connected with the rotating disk, a cavity is opened inside the rotating disk, the top of the gas supply nozzle is communicated with the inside of the cavity, a gas supply chamber is opened inside the mounting plate, the top edge of the cavity is communicated with the gas supply chamber, the top of the gas supply chamber is fixedly connected with a gas supply pipe, the top of the rotating disk is fixedly connected with an alignment ring, and on one side of the inner wall of the housing, an alignment motor is fixedly installed. The output end of the alignment motor is fixedly connected with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the alignment ring.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the air supply nozzle includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The inner cavity of the inner sleeve is set as an inner exhaust cavity, and the gap between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is called an outer exhaust cavity. An inner exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and an outer exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve. A partition plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the cavity, and two electromagnetic intake valves are fixedly installed above the partition plate. The output ends of the two electromagnetic intake valves are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the inner exhaust pipe and the outer exhaust pipe.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: an intake mechanism is fixedly installed at the top of the inner wall of the housing. The intake mechanism includes a box body, an intake pump is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box body, the output end of the intake pump is fixedly connected to a heating cover, a heating grid is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heating cover, and one end of the heating cover is fixedly connected to one end of an intake pipe.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: a cutting groove is provided in the middle of the machine table, a supporting plate is provided inside the cutting groove, and a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the top of the supporting plate.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: an adjusting assembly for adjusting the attitude of the supporting plate is provided below the supporting plate. The adjusting assembly includes an adjusting oil cylinder, the output end of the adjusting oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom of the supporting plate, an adjusting motor is fixedly installed at the corner of the bottom of the supporting plate, the output end of the adjusting motor is fixedly connected to a docking plate, a linear motor is fixedly installed on the bottom edge of the docking plate, the output end of the linear motor is fixedly connected to a jacking rod, and the bottom of the jacking rod is rotatably connected to a supporting ball.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a cleaning port is provided on one side of the bottom of the cutting groove, a cleaning air pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning port, and a slag discharge port is provided on one side of the bottom of the cutting groove.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the traveling mechanism includes a horizontal guide rail, an installation frame is slidably installed on the inner wall of the horizontal guide rail, a transverse guide rail is fixedly installed on one side of the installation frame, a lifting frame is slidably installed on the inner wall of the transverse guide rail, a lifting guide rail is fixedly installed on one side of the lifting frame, an extension frame is slidably installed on the inner wall of the lifting guide rail, an orientation adjusting assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the extension frame, and one side of the orientation adjusting assembly is fixedly connected to a laser cutter.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the orientation adjusting assembly includes a flipping motor, the output end of the flipping motor is fixedly connected to a flipping frame, a tilting motor is fixedly connected to one end of the inner wall of the flipping frame, the output end of the tilting motor is fixedly connected to a connecting column, and the middle of the connecting column is fixedly connected to the middle of the housing.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: One end of the top of the machine table is provided with an air distribution mechanism. The air distribution mechanism includes an air distribution frame. One side bottom of the air distribution frame is provided with an air distribution groove. The bottom surface height of the air distribution groove is the same as the top surface height of the machine table. One side of the inner wall of the air distribution frame is fixedly connected with a side guide plate. The bottom of the inner wall of the air distribution frame is fixedly connected with a lower guide plate. A guide cavity is arranged between the top of the lower guide plate and the bottom of the side guide plate. One end of the guide cavity is communicated with the air distribution groove. One end of the air distribution frame is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe.

[0015] A laser cutting method for a metal material includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the material to be cut on the supporting plate and fix it. Step 2: Drive the laser cutter to move along the cutting path by the traveling mechanism. The laser cutting head operates at low power to preheat the part of the material on the cutting path. Step 3: During the movement, send out air flow through the air supply mechanism to clean the impurities attached to the part of the material on the cutting path. Step 4: Drive the laser cutter to return along the cutting path by the traveling mechanism. During the return process, the laser cutting head operates at high power to cut the material along the cutting path. Step 5: During the cutting process, send out air flow through the air supply mechanism to clean the residual slag on the cutting path. Step 6: After the cutting is completed, disassemble and remove the material from the supporting plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The laser cutting equipment of the present invention is provided with an air supply nozzle that can rotate around the laser cutting head. Before cutting, the air supply nozzle is located in front of the laser cutting head and is used to clean the part of the material on the cutting path to remove the dust and impurities attached thereto, thereby improving the stability of laser welding and reducing the generation of fumes. During cutting, through the rotational displacement of the air supply nozzle, the air supply nozzle is located behind the laser cutting head to clean the residual slag in the cutting gap, keep the cut clean, reduce the temperature difference between the cut and the rest of the material, and further reduce the thermal stress. The laser cutting equipment of the present invention controls the air supply volume and air supply speed of the inner exhaust pipe and the outer exhaust pipe respectively through two electromagnetic air inlet valves to meet different usage requirements. By setting a heating cover and a heating grid, the temperature of the sent-out gas is adjusted to improve the temperature change gradient of the material, make the temperature of each part of the material more balanced, and further reduce the thermal stress. This laser cutting device is equipped with an adjustment component. By using an adjustment oil cylinder to drive the lifting of the supporting plate, the support of the supporting plate is achieved. In cooperation with structures such as the docking plate and linear motor arranged at the edge position, the overall rotation and inclination of the supporting plate are driven to adjust the position and attitude of the material to be cut thereon. The flipping motor drives the flipping frame to make a horizontal swing within a certain angle, and the tilting motor drives the flipping frame to make a pitching rotation within a certain angle to adjust the angle and orientation of the laser cutter, so as to meet the cutting requirements for different curved surface shapes and positions of the material. The laser cutting method of the present invention first conducts a preheating before formal cutting, that is, drives the laser cutting head to move along the cutting path once and return through the driving mechanism. During the preheating process, the laser cutting head operates at a low power to achieve the preheating of the metal material on the cutting path. After the preheating is completed, the laser cutting head operates at a high power, and the driving mechanism drives the laser cutting head to move along the cutting path to achieve the cutting of the metal material. Secondly, by setting a rotating gas supply mechanism near the laser cutting head. During the preheating stage, the gas supply mechanism is located in front of the laser cutting head, and the air flow it sends out is used to clean the cutting path to remove oil stains, impurities, etc. attached to the metal material. While during the cutting stage, the gas supply mechanism rotates to be located behind the laser cutting head, and the auxiliary gas it sends out is used for the discharge of molten metal. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 is of the present invention Figure 1 is an enlarged view of the partial structure A in the present invention; Figure 3 is a sectional view of the laser cutter of the present invention; Figure 4 is a perspective view of the gas supply nozzle of the present invention; Figure 5 is a bottom view of the laser cutter of the present invention; Figure 6 is a perspective view of the direction adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 7 is a sectional view of the air distribution mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 is a sectional view of the cutting groove of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Machine platform; 2. Traveling mechanism; 201. Horizontal guide rail; 202. Mounting frame; 203. Transverse movement guide rail; 204. Lifting frame; 205. Lifting guide rail; 206. Extension frame; 207. Tipping motor; 208. Tipping frame; 209. Tilting motor; 210. Connecting column; 3. Laser cutter; 301. Housing; 302. Mounting plate; 303. Air supply chamber; 304. Rotating disk; 305. Electromagnetic air inlet valve; 306. Air supply nozzle; 3061. Outer sleeve; 3062. Inner sleeve; 3063. Outer exhaust pipe; 3064. Inner exhaust pipe; 3065. Air dispersion port; 307. Direction adjustment motor; 308. Driving gear; 309. Direction adjustment ring; 310. Box body; 311. Air inlet pump; 312. Heating cover; 313. Heating mesh; 314. Air supply pipe; 4. Air distribution mechanism; 401. Air distribution frame; 402. Side flow guide plate; 403. Lower flow guide plate; 404. Air distribution groove; 405. Air guide pipe; 5. Cutting groove; 501. Support plate; 502. Adjusting oil cylinder; 503. Docking disk; 504. Linear motor; 505. Support ball; 506. Cleaning port; 507. Slag discharge port; 508. Positioning hole; 6. Laser cutting head. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a laser cutting device for metal materials includes a machine platform 1, a laser cutter 3 is arranged on the top of the machine platform 1, and a traveling mechanism 2 for driving the laser cutter 3 to move. Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the laser cutter 3 includes a housing 301, a laser cutting head 6 is installed inside the housing 301, a rotating disk 304 that rotates around the laser cutting head 6 is arranged on the edge of the laser cutting head 6, and an air supply nozzle 306 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the rotating disk 304; in this application, by setting the air supply nozzle 306 that can rotate around the laser cutting head 6, before cutting, the air supply nozzle 306 is located in front of the laser cutting head 6, and is used to clean the part of the material on the cutting path, remove the dust and impurities attached thereto, thereby improving the stability of laser welding and reducing the generation of smoke. During cutting, by the rotational displacement of the air supply nozzle 306, the air supply nozzle 306 is located behind the laser cutting head 6, thereby cleaning the molten slag remaining in the cutting gap and keeping the cut clean.

[0021] During the cutting operation of the laser cutter 3, translation in different directions is required. To ensure that the air supply nozzle 306 is always in front of the laser cutting head 6 (during the preheating stage before cutting, used to clean dust and impurities, and needs to stay in front of the laser cutting head 6 during movement) or behind it (during the cutting stage, used to blow and clean the slag generated during cutting, and needs to stay behind the laser cutting head 6 during movement), the air supply nozzle 306 needs to be able to rotate and maintain stable air flow delivery during rotation. At the bottom of the inner wall of the housing 301 of this application, a mounting plate 302 is fixedly connected. The inner wall of the mounting plate 302 is rotatably connected to a rotating disk 304. A cavity is provided inside the rotating disk 304. The top of the air supply nozzle 306 communicates with the inside of the cavity. An air supply chamber 303 is provided inside the mounting plate 302. The top edge of the cavity communicates with the air supply chamber 303. A gas supply pipe 314 is fixedly connected to the top of the air supply chamber 303, thereby realizing stable air flow delivery during the rotation of the rotating disk 304. Please refer to Figure 3 , to drive the rotating disk 304, a steering ring 309 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating disk 304. The steering ring 309 is sleeved on the outer wall of the laser cutting head 6. A steering motor 307 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the housing 301. The output end of the steering motor 307 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 308. The driving gear 308 is meshed with the steering ring 309. The rotation of the steering motor 307 drives the steering ring 309 and the rotating disk 304 to rotate.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 4 , the air supply nozzle 306 includes an inner sleeve 3062 and an outer sleeve 3061. The inner cavity of the inner sleeve 3062 is set as an inner exhaust cavity. The gap between the outer sleeve 3061 and the inner sleeve 3062 is called an outer exhaust cavity. An inner exhaust pipe 3064 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner sleeve 3062. The end of the inner exhaust pipe 3064 communicates with the inside of the inner exhaust cavity for delivering air flow to the inner exhaust cavity. An outer exhaust pipe 3063 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 3061. The end of the inner exhaust pipe 3064 communicates with the inside of the outer exhaust cavity for delivering air flow to the outer exhaust cavity. Please refer to Figure 3 , a partition plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the cavity. Two electromagnetic intake valves 305 are fixedly installed above the partition plate. The output ends of the two electromagnetic intake valves 305 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the inner exhaust pipe 3064 and the outer exhaust pipe 3063. By controlling the air supply volume and air supply speed of the inner exhaust pipe 3064 and the outer exhaust pipe 3063 respectively through the two electromagnetic intake valves 305, different usage requirements are met.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 4, a plurality of evenly distributed air dispersion openings 3065 are formed at the bottom of the side wall of the outer sleeve 3061, and the inner wall of the air dispersion opening 3065 is inclined downward to improve the diffusion coverage range of the air flow sent out by the outer exhaust cavity.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 3 , to realize the air supply operation of the air supply pipe 314, an air intake mechanism is fixedly installed at the top of the inner wall of the housing 301. The air intake mechanism includes a box body 310, an air intake pump 311 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box body 310, the input end of the air intake pump 311 is communicated with the output end of an external gas supply device, and the gas output by the gas supply device is nitrogen or inert gas. In this application, nitrogen is used considering the comprehensive cost.

[0025] The output end of the air intake pump 311 is fixedly connected with a heating cover 312, a heating grid 313 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heating cover 312, and one end of the heating cover 312 is fixedly connected to one end of the air inlet pipe; by setting the heating cover 312 and the heating grid 313, the temperature of the sent-out gas is adjusted, the temperature change gradient of the material is improved, the temperature of each part of the material is made more balanced, and the thermal stress is reduced accordingly.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 , a cutting groove 5 is arranged in the middle of the machine table 1, a supporting plate 501 is arranged inside the cutting groove 5, and a plurality of positioning holes 508 are formed at the top of the supporting plate 501. When needed, the material can be positioned by the cooperation of the positioning holes 508 and an external positioning device, avoiding displacement and making it difficult to carry out the cutting operation stably; at the same time, the existence of the positioning holes 508 also facilitates the discharge of debris and slag during the cutting process.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 8 , a regulating component for regulating the attitude of the supporting plate 501 is arranged below the supporting plate 501. The regulating component includes a regulating oil cylinder 502, the output end of the regulating oil cylinder 502 is rotationally connected to the bottom of the supporting plate 501, a regulating motor is fixedly installed at the corner of the bottom of the supporting plate 501, the output end of the regulating motor is fixedly connected with a docking plate 503, a linear motor 504 is fixedly installed at the bottom edge of the docking plate 503, the output end of the linear motor 504 is fixedly connected with a jacking rod, and the bottom of the jacking rod is rotationally connected with a supporting ball 505 to reduce the friction between the bottom of the jacking rod and the inner wall bottom of the cutting groove 5; in this application, by setting the regulating component, the supporting plate 501 is jacked up by the regulating oil cylinder 502 to support the supporting plate 501, and the structure such as the docking plate 503 and the linear motor 504 arranged at the edge position is used to drive the whole supporting plate 501 to rotate and tilt, realizing the adjustment of the position and attitude of the material to be cut on it.

[0028] To clean the dust and impurities that fall from the positioning hole 508 into the cutting groove 5, a cleaning port 506 is provided on one side of the bottom of the cutting groove 5 of the present application. One side of the cleaning port 506 is fixedly connected with a cleaning air pipe, and one end of the cleaning air pipe is fixedly connected with the output end of an external air pump. A slag discharge port 507 is provided on one side of the bottom of the cutting groove 5, and the height of the slag discharge port 507 is the same as that of the cleaning port 506.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 For the translational drive of the laser cutter 3, the traveling mechanism 2 includes a horizontal guide rail 201 fixedly installed on the top edge of the machine table 1. An installation frame 202 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the horizontal guide rail 201. A transverse movement guide rail 203 is fixedly installed on one side of the installation frame 202. A lifting frame 204 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the transverse movement guide rail 203. A lifting guide rail 205 is fixedly installed on one side of the lifting frame 204. An extension frame 206 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the lifting guide rail 205. One side of the extension frame 206 is connected to the laser cutter 3. Through the coordinated movement of the horizontal guide rail 201, the transverse movement guide rail 203, and the lifting guide rail 205, the translational drive of the laser cutter 3 is realized, so that the laser cutter 3 can move along different cutting paths to complete the cutting operation of the material.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 In the present application, an alignment adjustment component is provided between the extension frame 206 and the laser cutter 3. The alignment adjustment component includes a flipping motor 207. The output end of the flipping motor 207 is fixedly connected with a flipping frame 208. One end of the inner wall of the flipping frame 208 is fixedly connected with a tilting motor 209. The output end of the tilting motor 209 is fixedly connected with a connecting column 210. The middle of the connecting column 210 is fixedly connected with the middle of the housing 301. The flipping motor 207 drives the flipping frame 208 to make a horizontal swing within a certain angle, and the tilting motor 209 drives the flipping frame 208 to make a pitching rotation within a certain angle, so as to adjust the angle and orientation of the laser cutter 3 to meet the cutting requirements for different curved surface shapes and positions of the material.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7, one end of the top of the machine table 1 is provided with a gas distribution mechanism 4. The gas distribution mechanism 4 includes a gas distribution frame 401. A gas distribution groove 404 is opened at the bottom of one side of the gas distribution frame 401. The bottom surface height of the gas distribution groove 404 is the same as the top surface height of the machine table 1. One side of the inner wall of the gas distribution frame 401 is fixedly connected with a side flow guide plate 402. The bottom of the inner wall of the gas distribution frame 401 is fixedly connected with a lower flow guide plate 403. A flow guide cavity is arranged between the top of the lower flow guide plate 403 and the bottom of the side flow guide plate 402. One end of the flow guide cavity is communicated with the gas distribution groove 404; One end of the gas distribution frame 401 is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe 405. By setting the gas distribution mechanism 4, inert gas is conveyed to the top surface of the base through the gas distribution groove 404, so as to disperse and isolate the air in the cutting area, reduce the oxidation of metal materials during cutting, and at the same time, use the blowing of the gas to assist the dust and impurities generated by cutting to fall into the positioning holes 508.

[0032] This application also provides a laser cutting method for metal materials, including the following steps: Step 1: Place the metal material to be cut on the supporting plate 501 and fix it. Step 2: Drive the laser cutter 3 to move along the cutting path by the traveling mechanism 2. The laser cutting head 6 operates at low power to preheat the part of the material on the cutting path. Step 3: During the movement in Step 2, the air supply mechanism controls the air supply nozzle 306 to rotate so that it is always in front of the moving direction of the laser cutting head 6. The air flow is sent out through the air supply mechanism to clean the impurities attached to the part of the material on the cutting path. Step 4: Drive the laser cutter 3 to return along the cutting path by the traveling mechanism 2. During the return process, the laser cutting head 6 operates at high power to cut the material along the cutting path. Step 5: During the cutting process in Step 4, the air supply mechanism controls the air supply nozzle 306 to rotate so that it is always behind the moving direction of the laser cutting head 6. The air supply mechanism rotates to send out the air flow to clean the remaining slag on the cutting path. Step 6: After cutting is completed, remove the material from the supporting plate 501.

[0033] When the present invention is in use, place the metal material to be cut on the supporting plate 501, and fix it by using the positioning holes 508 and bolts or other limiting parts thereon; The walking mechanism 2 drives the laser cutter 3 to move along the cutting path. Specifically, the horizontal guide rail 201 drives the entire mounting frame 202 to move horizontally, thereby driving the laser cutter 3 to move horizontally. The cross-movement guide rail 203 drives the laser cutter 3 to move laterally, and then the lifting guide rail 205 drives the laser cutter 3 to move up and down, enabling the laser cutter 3 to move along the cutting path. In cooperation with the flipping motor 207 driving the flipping frame 208 to swing horizontally and the tilting motor 209 driving the flipping frame 208 to rotate pitchwise, the angle and orientation of the laser cutter 3 are adjusted. During this movement, the air supply mechanism drives the driving gear 308 through the direction-adjusting motor 307, and then drives the direction-adjusting ring 309 to rotate, causing the entire rotating disk 304 to rotate, and then driving the air supply nozzle 306 to rotate, so that it is always located in front of the moving direction of the laser cutting head 6. By starting the air inlet pump 311, air flow is sent into the air supply cavity 303 in the mounting plate 302 through the air supply pipe 314. Then the air flow enters the cavity. At this time, the electromagnetic air inlet valve 305 connected to the inner exhaust pipe 3064 is opened, and the electromagnetic air inlet valve 305 connected to the outer exhaust pipe 3063 is opened. The air flow is concentrated and sent out by the inner sleeve 3062 to clean the impurities attached to the part of the material located on the cutting path with a relatively high impact force. At the same time, the laser cutting head 6 operates at a low power to preheat the part of the material located on the cutting path. Specifically, when in use, the electric heating grid 313 can also be started synchronously to increase the temperature of the sent air flow, preheat the metal material on a large scale, and reduce the problem of excessive thermal stress caused by preheating only the cutting path. After the preheating is completed, the walking mechanism 2 drives the laser cutter 3 to return along the cutting path. During the return process, the air supply mechanism controls the air supply nozzle 306 to rotate so that it is always located behind the moving direction of the laser cutting head 6. By operating the laser cutting head 6 at a high power, the material is cut along the cutting path. During the cutting process, both electromagnetic air inlet valves 305 are opened, and the electromagnetic air inlet valve 305 connected to the outer exhaust pipe 3063 is opened slightly. So that the air flow sent out by the inner sleeve 3062 has a higher speed, and the air flow sent out by the outer exhaust cavity (that is, the area between the outer sleeve 3061 and the inner sleeve 3062) has a lower speed. Due to the existence of the air dispersion ports 3065 on the outer sleeve 3061, the speed of the air flow sent out by it is further reduced. The purpose of this design is to use the high-speed air flow of the inner sleeve 3062 to blow and remove the molten slag generated by cutting, use the gas sent out by the outer exhaust cavity (including the gas sent out by the air dispersion ports 3065) to isolate the air, prevent the cut from oxidizing, and at the same time drive the heat at the cut position to conduct and diffuse through the blowing of the air flow, reduce the temperature gradient between the cut position and the rest of the material, and thus reduce the generation of thermal stress. After the cutting is completed, the material is removed from the supporting plate 501, and an external air pump is started to send air flow into the cutting groove 5 through the cleaning port 506, and the remaining dust and impurities inside are sent out through the slag discharge port 507.

[0034] As described above, it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments by using the disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for metal materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a machine platform (1), wherein a laser cutter (3) and a walking mechanism (2) for driving the laser cutter (3) to move are arranged on the top of the machine platform (1), wherein the laser cutter (3) comprises a shell (301), wherein a laser cutting head (6) is installed inside the shell (301), wherein a rotating disk (304) rotating around the laser cutting head (6) is arranged at the edge of the laser cutting head (6), and an air supply nozzle (306) is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the rotating disk (304).

2. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting plate (302) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the shell (301), the inner wall of the mounting plate (302) is rotatably connected to the rotating disk (304), a cavity is provided inside the rotating disk (304), the top of the air supply nozzle (306) is communicated with the inside of the cavity, an air supply cavity (303) is provided inside the mounting plate (302), the top edge of the cavity is communicated with the air supply cavity (303), an air supply pipe (314) is fixedly connected to the top of the air supply cavity (303), a direction adjustment ring (309) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating disk (304), a direction adjustment motor (307) is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the shell (301), a driving gear (308) is fixedly connected to the output end of the direction adjustment motor (307), and the driving gear (308) is meshingly connected to the direction adjustment ring (309).

3. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply nozzle (306) comprises an inner sleeve (3062) and an outer sleeve (3061); the inner wall of the inner sleeve (3062) is fixedly connected to an inner exhaust pipe (3064); the inner wall of the outer sleeve (3061) is fixedly connected to an outer exhaust pipe (3063); a partition plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the cavity; two electromagnetic air intake valves (305) are fixedly installed above the partition plate; the output ends of the two electromagnetic air intake valves (305) are fixedly connected to one end of the inner exhaust pipe (3064) and one end of the outer exhaust pipe (3063), respectively.

4. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air intake mechanism is fixedly mounted on the top of the inner wall of the shell (301), the air intake mechanism comprising a box (310), an air intake pump (311) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the box (310), an output end of the air intake pump (311) is fixedly connected to a heating cover (312), an inner wall of the heating cover (312) is fixedly connected to a heating net (313), and one end of the heating cover (312) is fixedly connected to one end of an air intake pipe.

5. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cutting groove (5) is provided in the middle of the machine platform (1), a supporting plate (501) is provided inside the cutting groove (5), and a plurality of positioning holes (508) are provided on the top of the supporting plate (501).

6. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjustment component for adjusting the posture of the support plate (501) is arranged below the support plate (501), and the adjustment component includes an adjustment cylinder (502), the output end of the adjustment cylinder (502) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support plate (501), an adjustment motor is fixedly installed at the corner of the bottom of the support plate (501), the output end of the adjustment motor is fixedly connected to a docking plate (503), a linear motor (504) is fixedly installed on the bottom edge of the docking plate (503), and the output end of the linear motor (504) is fixedly connected to a lifting rod.

7. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air distribution mechanism (4) is provided at one end of the top of the machine (1), and the air distribution mechanism (4) comprises an air distribution frame (401), and an air distribution groove (404) is provided at the bottom of one side of the air distribution frame (401), and the bottom surface height of the air distribution groove (404) is consistent with the top surface height of the machine (1); a side guide plate (402) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the air distribution frame (401), and a lower guide plate (403) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the air distribution frame (401); a guide cavity is provided between the top of the lower guide plate (403) and the bottom of the side guide plate (402), and one end of the guide cavity is connected to the air distribution groove (404); and an air duct (405) is fixedly connected to one end of the air distribution frame (401).

8. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking mechanism (2) comprises a horizontal guide rail (201), a mounting frame (202) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the horizontal guide rail (201), a transverse guide rail (203) is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting frame (202), a lifting frame (204) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the transverse guide rail (203), a lifting frame (204) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting frame (204), a lifting guide rail (205) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting frame (204), an extension frame (206) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the lifting guide rail (205), a direction adjustment component is fixedly mounted on one side of the extension frame (206), and one side of the direction adjustment component is fixedly connected to the laser cutter (3).

9. The laser cutting device for metal materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: The direction adjustment component comprises a flip motor (207), the output end of the flip motor (207) is fixedly connected to a flip frame (208), one end of the inner wall of the flip frame (208) is fixedly connected to a tilting motor (209), the output end of the tilting motor (209) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (210), and the middle part of the connecting column (210) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the housing (301).

10. A laser cutting method for metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: placing the material to be cut on the support plate (501) and fixing it; Step 2: The walking mechanism (2) drives the laser cutter (3) to move along the cutting path, and the cutting head operates at low power to preheat the portion of the material located on the cutting path; Step 3: During the movement, the air supply mechanism sends out airflow to clean the impurities attached to the part of the material located on the cutting path; Step 4: The walking mechanism (2) drives the laser cutter (3) to return along the cutting path. During the return process, the cutting head operates at high power to cut the material along the cutting path. Step 5: During the cutting process, the air supply mechanism sends out airflow to clean the residual slag on the cutting path; Step 6: After the cutting is completed, the material is removed from the support plate (501).

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