Slag gathering and protecting device at bottom of slag slipping well in vertical shaft construction

Abstract

A vertical shaft construction slag sliding well bottom rock ballast gathering and protecting device comprises a supporting structure, an upper fence and a sliding groove structure are sequentially arranged on the supporting structure from top to bottom through a traction structure, and a lower fence is arranged on the lower portion of the sliding groove structure. The lower fence and the sliding groove structure are driven through a linkage structure. When the lower fence is unfolded, the sliding groove structure is folded; when the lower fence is folded, the sliding groove structure is unfolded. According to the stone slag gathering and protecting device at the bottom of the slag slipping well for vertical shaft construction, stone slag falling to the bottom of a vertical shaft can be effectively gathered; meanwhile, in the bottom deslagging operation process, the device can stop rock ballast falling from the upper portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shaft construction, and particularly to a device for aggregating and protecting crushed stones at the bottom of a slush shaft during shaft construction. Background Art

[0002] Shaft projects are an important part of the underground projects of hydraulic structures in the water conservancy industry, mainly playing roles such as water diversion, ventilation, and transportation, including water diversion shafts, ventilation shafts, and transportation shafts. During the shaft excavation construction process, the protection against the splashing of crushed stones at the bottom of the slush shaft and the measures to prevent falling stones during the centralized mucking process are key links to ensure the safety of shaft excavation. Due to the vertical structural characteristics of the shaft, the crushed stones falling during the excavation process pose a serious threat to the operators and equipment below. Therefore, construction is usually suspended in the area near the bottom of the slush shaft, and a safety isolation zone is set for the adjacent traffic channels to maintain a sufficient safety distance, thereby reducing safety risks. At the same time, the treatment of crushed stones is a key step in shaft construction. Usually, during the shaft excavation process, the crushed stones are discharged to the bottom of the shaft through the slush shaft, and after being centrally piled up at the bottom, they are transported away uniformly. During this process, the risk of stone falling is relatively high, which may pose safety hazards to the operators and equipment below.

[0003] In the prior art, during shaft construction, the length of the connecting tunnel is usually extended to increase the safety distance between the bottom of the shaft and the adjacent construction area, thereby reducing the impact of shaft operation on the surrounding strata and structures; at the same time, during the centralized mucking stage at the bottom, the construction operation of the upper part of the shaft is stopped to reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock and the risk of rock shedding, and thus ensure the safety of the equipment and personnel below; similar purposes can also be achieved by suspending the construction operation in the area around the bottom of the shaft. However, the above method of extending the connecting tunnel to increase the safety distance not only significantly increases the construction cost, but also greatly increases the mucking difficulty due to the limited cross-section of the connecting tunnel; while the method of stopping the construction operation can ensure safety to a certain extent, it leads to a decrease in construction efficiency and an extension of the overall construction period. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for aggregating and protecting crushed stones at the bottom of a slush shaft during shaft construction. This device can effectively aggregate the crushed stones falling to the bottom of the shaft, prevent the crushed stones from splashing, and thus reduce the influence range on the surrounding construction area. At the same time, during the mucking operation at the bottom, this device can block the crushed stones falling from the upper part, provide reliable protection for the equipment and personnel operating below, and significantly improve the safety during the shaft construction process.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A device for aggregating and protecting crushed stones at the bottom of a slag chute in shaft construction, comprising a support structure. On the support structure, an upper fence, a chute structure are sequentially arranged from top to bottom through a pulling structure, and a lower fence is arranged below the chute structure; the lower fence and the chute structure are driven by a linkage structure; when the lower fence is unfolded, the chute structure is retracted; when the lower fence is retracted, the chute structure is unfolded.

[0006] The support structure includes columns, with backing plates welded to both ends of the columns, and the backing plates are fixed by being embedded in the concrete piers at the bottom and top; first flange plates are fixedly arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the columns between the upper and lower backing plates, and bolt holes are formed in the first flange plates.

[0007] The pulling structure includes sleeves, and double-jointed connecting rods are threadedly connected to both ends of the sleeves. One side of the double-jointed connecting rod is fixed to the column by a nut, and the other side of the double-jointed connecting rod is fixed to the chute structure or the upper fence by a nut.

[0008] The double-jointed connecting rod includes a rope, with the two ends of the rope respectively fixedly connected to a first round rod and a second round rod. Among them, the second round rod is threadedly connected to the sleeve, and the first round rod is fixed to the corresponding chute structure or upper fence or support structure.

[0009] The chute structure includes a circular chute, with the lower end of the circular chute being open to form a chute passage. Inside the inner circle of the circular chute, there are a fixed circular arc baffle and a rotatable circular arc baffle. Among them, the fixed circular arc baffle is fixedly connected to the circular chute, and the side wall of the rotatable circular arc baffle is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft. One end of the connecting shaft is rotatably installed on the support of the circular chute and is driven by a linkage structure; when the rotatable circular arc baffle rotates to the unfolded state, the fixed circular arc baffle and the rotatable circular arc baffle form an annular mechanism; when the rotatable circular arc baffle rotates to the folded state, the fixed circular arc baffle and the rotatable circular arc baffle form a semi-circular groove; a chain mesh bag is arranged below the fixed circular arc baffle and the rotatable circular arc baffle.

[0010] Hooks are arranged below the fixed circular arc baffle and the rotatable circular arc baffle, and the chain mesh bag is suspended on the hooks through a reinforcing rib ring.

[0011] The lower fence includes lower fence pieces and upper fence pieces. Adjacent lower fence pieces and upper fence pieces are rotatably connected through a horizontal transfer mechanism, and adjacent lower fence pieces or between adjacent upper fence pieces are rotatably connected through a vertical transfer mechanism; a gear is fixedly installed at the upper end of each upper fence piece, and the gears between adjacent upper fence pieces mesh with each other; a round rod joint is fixedly installed at the upper end of each gear, and a buckle freely passes through the round rod joint and is limited by a nut; slide rods are arranged at intervals at the upper ends of multiple buckles of the lower fence, and the slide rods are located in the chute passage and slide along the chute passage.

[0012] The upper fence includes fence mesh panels. Adjacent fence mesh panels are clamped and bolted together through connecting plates and connecting grooves to form an annular structure. A third flange plate and a second lifting lug are fixed on the outer side of the annular structure. The third flange plate is bolted to the first flange plate, and the second lifting lug is bolted to the first round bar. The upper fence is distributed in multiple sections from top to bottom.

[0013] The linkage structure includes a motor, and the output end of the motor is connected to a vertical transmission rod. A first turntable, a second turntable, and a third turntable are installed on the vertical transmission rod. Among them, the first turntable drives the transmission ring to move reciprocally. One end of the transmission ring is fixedly connected to the lower transmission rod, and the other end of the lower transmission rod is connected to a buckle in the lower fence. The second turntable and the third turntable are of the same size and each tooth on them occupies half of its own circumference. The teeth of the second turntable are located in the toothless area of the third turntable. The gear is located between the second turntable and the third turntable and its axis is perpendicular to the second turntable and the third turntable. The gear meshes with the teeth on the second turntable and the third turntable alternately. The output shaft of the gear is coaxially connected to a connecting shaft on one side of the rotatable arc-shaped baffle.

[0014] The length of the teeth on the edge of the first turntable occupies half of the circumference of the first turntable. Rack teeth are arranged on the inner sides of the two horizontal sections of the transmission ring, and the rack teeth mesh with the teeth. When the first turntable rotates half a circle, the transmission ring moves from one extreme end to the other extreme end.

[0015] The present invention provides a device for aggregating and protecting crushed stones at the bottom of a slush shaft during shaft construction, and has the following technical effects: 1). This device can effectively reduce the influence range of splashing crushed stones, enabling other construction operations to be safely carried out in the area near the bottom of the shaft, thereby promoting the parallel construction of multiple processes in the construction project.

[0016] 2). Compared with the existing technology that increases the safety distance between the bottom of the shaft and the adjacent construction area by extending the length of the connecting tunnel and reduces the influence of shaft operation on the surrounding strata and structures, this device has the following advantages: on the one hand, it can significantly shorten the excavation length of the connecting tunnel, thereby reducing the excavation workload of the connecting tunnel and lowering the construction cost; on the other hand, the shortened connecting tunnel can improve the slag discharging efficiency at the bottom of the shaft and further optimize the construction progress.

[0017] 3). The lower fence can effectively gather the fallen crushed stones and reduce the dispersion range of the crushed stones, thereby improving the cleaning and loading and unloading efficiency during slag discharging.

[0018] 4). During the process of transporting crushed stones, due to the small cross-sectional size of the connecting tunnel, the loading and unloading machine equipment cannot turn around in the tunnel and can only shovel the crushed stones to the dump truck parked in the large cavern for external transportation through reciprocating operations. Shortening the length of the connecting tunnel can reduce the reciprocating distance of the loading and unloading machine, thereby improving the slag discharging efficiency.

[0019] 5), In addition, the device can reduce the restriction of the mucking operation at the lower part of the shaft on the upper excavation work, making the process arrangement more flexible, thereby ensuring the construction efficiency of the entire shaft excavation.

[0020] 6), The support structure is used to provide bearing and support for the device, and the rest of the components of the device are fixedly arranged on the support structure by hanging to achieve the overall fixation and stability of the device.

[0021] 7), The chute structure is used to realize the closing and folding of the lower fence; and due to the specific structure of the chute structure 3, the sliding rod on the lower fence slides more smoothly in the chute structure and significantly reduces the operation resistance.

[0022] 8), The linkage structure is used to close the lower fence and drive the chain mesh bag to fold, or to fold the lower fence and drive the chain mesh bag to unfold through one operation, thereby reducing operation errors and simplifying the operation process.

[0023] 9), When the chute structure is unfolded, the lower fence is folded and retracted; when the mesh bag of the chute structure is folded, the lower fence is unfolded. The advantage is that the linkage structure is used to close the lower fence and drive the chain mesh bag to fold, or to fold the lower fence and drive the chain mesh bag to unfold through one operation, thereby reducing operation errors and simplifying the operation process.

[0024] 10), Both the upper fence and the lower fence are used to guide the falling rocks in the shaft; on the premise of ensuring that the lower fence has a predetermined height, by setting the upper fence, the upper part of the device is connected to the bottom of the shaft; due to the setting of the upper fence, the height and overall weight of the lower fence can be reduced, thereby reducing the hanging pressure on the sliding rod and the chute structure 3. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a layout schematic diagram of the present invention (first perspective).

[0026] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention (first perspective).

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention (second perspective).

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention (removing the upper fence).

[0030] Figure 6This is the structural schematic diagram of the chute structure in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is the partial structural schematic diagram of the chute structure in the present invention (first perspective).

[0032] Figure 8 This is the partial structural schematic diagram of the lower fence in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is the structural schematic diagram of the lower fence in the unfolded state in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is the partial structural schematic diagram of the chute structure in the present invention (second perspective).

[0035] Figure 11 This is the partial structural schematic diagram of the chute structure in the present invention (third perspective).

[0036] Figure 12 This is the structural schematic diagram of the linkage structure in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 This is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed arc baffle and the rotatable arc baffle in the present invention (unfolded).

[0038] Figure 14 This is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed arc baffle and the rotatable arc baffle in the present invention (folded).

[0039] Figure 15 This is the structural schematic diagram of the pulling structure in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 16 This is the structural schematic diagram of the upper fence in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 17 This is the structural schematic diagram of the buckle in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 18 This is the cross-sectional view of the circular chute in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 19 This is the cross-sectional view of the vertical transfer mechanism in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 20 This is the structural schematic diagram of the fence mesh in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 21 This is the schematic diagram of the first working state of the first turntable and the transmission ring in the present invention.

[0046] Figure 22 This is the schematic diagram of the second working state of the first turntable and the transmission ring in the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: support structure 1, column 101, first flange plate 102, backing plate 103, bolt 104, concrete pier 105, lower fence 2, lower fence sheet 201, horizontal transfer mechanism 202, upper fence sheet 203, vertical transfer mechanism 204, gear 205, round rod joint 206, buckle 207, sliding rod 208, chute structure 3, circular chute 301, first lifting lug 302, second flange plate 303, fixed arc baffle 304, rotatable arc baffle 305, support 306, hook 307, chain mesh bag 308, reinforcing rib ring 309, linkage structure 4, motor 401, first turntable 402, second turntable 403, third turntable 404, vertical transmission rod 405, transmission ring 406, gear 407, upper transmission rod 408, lower transmission rod 409), pulling structure 5, first round rod 501, nut 502, rope 503, second round rod 504, sleeve 505, upper fence 6, fence sheet 601, bolt 602, third flange plate 603, second lifting lug 604, large cavity 7, connecting hole 8, shaft 9. Detailed implementation mode

[0048] As Figure 1-4 shown, a device for aggregating and protecting crushed stones at the bottom of a waste chute for shaft construction includes a support structure 1, a lower fence 2, a chute structure 3, a linkage structure 4, a pulling structure 5, and an upper fence 6. After the whole device is assembled, it is arranged at the bottom of the shaft 9 and located in the connecting hole 8.

[0049] As Figure 5 shown, the support structure 1 includes a column 101, and the column 101 is processed from an I-beam. First flange plates 102 are welded at intervals along the vertical direction on the inner side of the column 101, and bolt holes are provided on the welding surface where the first flange plates 102 are located. At the same time, backing plates 103 are welded at both ends of the column 101, and the backing plates 103 are made of steel plates. Bolt holes are also provided on the backing plates 103. Parts of the backing plates 103 and the ends of the column 101 are respectively buried in the concrete piers 105 at the bottom and top and fixed at the very bottom of the shaft. To enhance stability, bolts 104 pass through the backing plates 103 to strengthen the anchoring of the support structure 1, thereby improving the overall stability.

[0050] As Figure 15 shown, each pulling structure 5 consists of a sleeve 505 and two double-jointed rod-like connecting rods. The inner hole of the sleeve 505 has internal threads, and both ends of the sleeve 505 are respectively threadedly connected to a double-jointed rod-like connecting rod. The other end of the upper double-jointed rod-like connecting rod is fixed to the column 101 through a nut 502. The other end of the lower double-jointed rod-like connecting rod is fixed to the first lifting lug 302 or the second second lifting lug 604 through a nut 502. After assembly, the tightness of the whole pulling structure can be adjusted by rotating the sleeve 505.

[0051] AsFigure 15 As shown, each nunchaku type connecting rod includes a rope 503, the rope 503 is a steel cable, and the two ends of the rope 503 are respectively fixedly connected to the first round rod 501 and the second round rod 504. The rope 503, the first round rod 501 and the second round rod 504 form a nunchaku type connecting rod. The ends of the first round rod 501 and the second round rod 504 are both provided with threads, wherein the second round rod 504 is conveniently threadedly connected to the sleeve 505, and the first round rod 501 is conveniently threadedly connected and fastened to the nut 502.

[0052] Preferably, the two nunchaku type connecting rods in the pulling structure 5 include a first nunchaku type connecting rod and a second nunchaku type connecting rod, and the length of the first nunchaku type connecting rod is longer than that of the second nunchaku type connecting rod.

[0053] A plurality of pulling structures 5 connect the chute structure 3 , the upper fence 6 and the supporting structure 1 , thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection between the chute structure 3 and the upper fence 6 .

[0054] like Figure 7 , Figure 18 As shown, the chute structure 3 includes a circular chute 301, which includes a left side plate 301.1, a right side plate 301.2 and a bottom plate 301.3. The left side plate 301.1, the right side plate 301.2 and the bottom plate 301.3 form a hollow trough body with a U-shaped cross section. A chute channel 301.4 is provided on the bottom plate 301.3 along the track direction, and the two sides of the chute channel 301.4 are semicircular contact surfaces. End plates 301.5 are provided at intervals on the upper end surfaces of the left side plate 301.1 and the right side plate 301.2 along the track direction, and the end plates 301.5 make the upper end of the circular chute 301 spaced to form an opening 301.6.

[0055] A fixed arc baffle 304 is welded on the upper part of the circular chute 301. The fixed arc baffle 304 is a semi-annular structure, and the angle between the two ends of the semi-annular structure and the center line is slightly less than 180 degrees. The cross section of the fixed arc baffle 304 is L-shaped.

[0056] A support 306 is also installed on the upper part of the circular slide 301. The connecting shaft is connected to the support 306 through a bearing and can rotate around the axis of the connecting shaft. One end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the rotatable circular arc baffle 305. When the connecting shaft rotates, the connecting shaft drives the rotatable circular arc baffle 305 to rotate. Figure 7 , Figure 14 As shown, in the reset state, the rotatable arc baffle 305 is located below the fixed arc baffle 304 and inside the circular slide groove 301. Figure 5 As shown, when the chain net bag 308 needs to be unfolded, the rotatable arc baffle 305 rotates and unfolds to form an annular structure with the fixed arc baffle 304.

[0057] like Figure 13-15 As shown, a hook 307 is provided below the fixed arc baffle 304 and the rotatable arc baffle 305, and a reinforcing rib ring 309 is provided circumferentially on the upper end of the corresponding chain net bag 308. The reinforcing rib ring 309 is hung with the hook 307, so that the chain net bag 308 is suspended below the circular slide 301. The reinforcing rib ring 309 can ensure the strength when hanging. When the rotatable arc baffle 305 and the fixed arc baffle 304 form an annular structure, the chain net bag 308 is unfolded; when the rotatable arc baffle 305 is folded and located below the fixed arc baffle 304, the chain net bag 308 is folded.

[0058] like Figure 11 , Figure 6 As shown, a pair of second flange plates 303 are welded symmetrically on the circular chute 301, and a pair of first lifting ears 302 are welded symmetrically on the circular chute 301. After the chute structure 3 is assembled, the second flange plate 303 is bolted to the first flange plate 102 on the column 101. At the same time, the pulling structure 5 passes through the bolt holes on the first lifting ear 302 and the column 101, and is fixed by the nut 502. The tightness of the pulling structure 5 is adjusted by adjusting the sleeve 505, so that the chute structure 3 is stably suspended between the two columns 101.

[0059] like Figure 9 As shown, the lower fence 2 includes a lower fence piece 201 and an upper fence piece 203. Adjacent lower fence pieces 201 and upper fence pieces 203 are connected via a horizontal transfer mechanism 202, and adjacent lower fence pieces 201 or adjacent upper fence pieces 203 are connected via a vertical transfer mechanism 204.

[0060] like Figure 19 As shown, the horizontal transfer mechanism 202 and the vertical transfer mechanism 204 both include a first connection sleeve 204.1 and a second connection sleeve 204.2. The first connection sleeve 204.1 is welded to the edge of the fence sheet on one side. The first connection sleeve 204.1 is arranged in two groups with an upper and lower interval, and the interval distance matches the length of the second connection sleeve 204.2. The second connection sleeve 204.2 is located between the two first connection sleeves 204.1 and is kept facing the first connection sleeve 204.1. The second connection sleeve 204.2 has a thread inside. The screw 204.3 freely passes through the upper and lower first connection sleeves 204.1 and is threadedly connected to the second connection sleeve 204.2.

[0061] The function of the lateral transfer mechanism 202 and the vertical transfer mechanism 204 is to enable adjacent fence pieces to rotate around the axis of the corresponding screw rod 204.3.

[0062] like Figure 8As shown, a gear 205 is welded to the upper end of each upper fence piece 203, and adjacent upper fence pieces 203 are meshed and connected through the gears 205.

[0063] As Figure 8 , Figure 17 shown, a round rod joint 206 is welded to the gear 205. The upper part of the round rod joint 206 has an external thread. A through hole is reserved at the bottom of the corresponding buckle 207. After the lower end of the buckle 207 freely passes through the round rod joint 206, a nut is screwed onto the round rod joint 206 to limit the upward movement of the buckle 207. The upper end of the buckle 207 is threadedly connected to the sliding rod 208. The upper end of the sliding rod 208 is of a frustum structure, with a larger diameter at the end and a smaller diameter near the middle, and a cylindrical structure at the bottom. During installation, the sliding rod 208 is inserted into the circular sliding groove 301 from the upper part. Since the width of the sliding groove passage 301.4 of the sliding groove is greater than the small diameter end of the sliding rod 208 and less than the large diameter end of the sliding rod 208, the sliding rod 208 partially extends out of the circular sliding groove 301 and partially lies within the circular sliding groove 301, and can move or rotate along the sliding groove passage 301.4 of the circular sliding groove 301. The lower end of the sliding rod 208 is connected to the upper end of the buckle 207. This design enables the lower fence 2 to slide more smoothly along the circular sliding groove 301 through the sliding rod 208. The structure of the lower fence 2 after assembly is as Figures 8 to 9 shown.

[0064] As Figure 16 shown, the number of sections of the upper fence 6 can be flexibly set according to the distance between the sliding groove structure 3 and the connecting hole top. Each section of the fence is assembled by four fence mesh pieces 601, and its structure is as Figure 20 shown. Third flange plates 603 and second lifting lugs 604 are symmetrically welded to the upper and lower ends of each section of the fence, and the specific structure is as Figure 16 shown. Each section of the fence is fixedly connected to the first flange plate 102 on the column 101 through the third flange plate 603 by bolts.

[0065] As Figure 16 shown, at the same time, one end of the pulling structure 5 passes through the second lifting lug 604, the other end passes through the bolt hole on the column 101, and is fixed together by a nut. The tightness of the pulling structure 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the sleeve 505, so as to ensure that the upper fence 6 is stably suspended between the two columns 101.

[0066] As Figure 12As shown in the figure, the linkage structure 4 includes a motor 401. The motor 401 drives the upper first turntable 402, second turntable 403, and third turntable 404 to rotate through a vertical transmission rod 405. The first turntable 402 is radially provided with teeth in half of the area of its disk surface. Rack teeth are arranged on the inner sides of both horizontal sections of the transmission ring 406, and the length of the rack teeth is the same as the length of the arc section of the teeth. That is, when the first turntable 402 rotates half a turn, the transmission ring 406 just moves from one extreme end to the other extreme end. The transmission ring 406 includes a left half-ring and a right half-ring, and the left half-ring and the right half-ring are connected by two horizontal sections to form an annular structure.

[0067] As Figure 21 shown in the figure, the thick line part represents the meshing part of the teeth and the rack teeth, and the thin line part represents the smooth parts of the transmission ring 406 and the first turntable 402. When the first turntable 402 is in the initial state, the starting end of the teeth just meshes with the right rack teeth of the transmission ring 406. During the counterclockwise rotation of the first turntable 402, the teeth of the first turntable 402 mesh with the lower half of the rack teeth of the transmission ring 406, and the smooth part of the first turntable 402 contacts the upper half of the rack teeth of the transmission ring 406 (no transmission can be formed). In this way, the transmission ring 406 is gradually driven to move to the right until the transmission ring 406 moves to the first extreme position.

[0068] As Figure 22 shown in the figure, when the first turntable 402 continues to rotate counterclockwise, the teeth of the first turntable 402 mesh with the upper half of the rack teeth of the transmission ring 406, and the smooth part of the first turntable 402 contacts the lower half of the transmission ring 406 (no transmission can be formed). In this way, the transmission ring 406 is gradually driven to move to the left until the transmission ring 406 moves to the second extreme position.

[0069] Thus, when the first turntable 402 rotates, it drives the transmission ring 406 to make a reciprocating motion through its own teeth.

[0070] As Figure 12 shown in the figure, the transmission ring 406 is fixedly connected to one end of the lower transmission rod 409, and the other end of the lower transmission rod 409 is connected to the buckle 207 in the lower fence 2. Through the reciprocating motion of the transmission ring 406, the lower transmission rod 409 is driven to drive the connected buckle 207 to make a reciprocating motion (alternately moving to the left and to the right). Since the tops of the upper fence pieces 203 in the lower fence 2 are meshed with each other through gears 205, and the sliding rod 208 is suspended in the circular chute 301, pushing one buckle 207 can make all the fence pieces move synchronously through the transmission of the gears 205 and the guidance of the sliding rod 208 and the circular chute 301, and slide along the circular chute 301 to realize the unfolding or folding of the lower fence 2.

[0071] As Figure 10 、 Figure 12As shown in the figure, the second turntable 403 is located below the third turntable 404. The teeth of the second turntable 403 are arranged on the upper disk surface and occupy half of the circumference of the second turntable 403, that is, half of the disk area. The teeth of the third turntable 404 are arranged on the lower disk surface and occupy half of the circumference of the third turntable 404, that is, half of the disk area. The toothed area of the second turntable 403 corresponds to the toothless area of the third turntable 404. A gear 407 is arranged between the second turntable 403 and the third turntable 404, and the axis of the gear 407 is perpendicular to the axes of the second turntable 403 and the third turntable 404. Through the linkage of the gear 407, the driving upper transmission rod 408 is driven to rotate repeatedly (alternately rotating clockwise and counterclockwise). For example, as Figure 12 shown, the teeth on the gear 407 are meshed with the teeth on the second turntable 403, and the teeth on the gear 407 are facing the smooth part of the third turntable 404. When the second turntable 403 and the third turntable 404 rotate counterclockwise, the gear 407 rotates clockwise. After rotating half a circle, the teeth on the gear 407 are facing the smooth part of the second turntable 403, and the teeth on the gear 407 are meshed with the teeth on the third turntable 404. When the second turntable 403 and the third turntable 404 continue to rotate counterclockwise, the gear 407 rotates counterclockwise.

[0072] The upper transmission rod 408 is connected to the rotatable arc-shaped baffle 305 in the chute structure 3 through a connecting shaft, thereby driving the rotatable arc-shaped baffle 305 to rotate and unfold or rotate in the reverse direction and fold.

[0073] After the entire linkage structure 4 is assembled, a metal protective cover is installed outside it for protection. The metal protective cover is fixed to the I-beam column 101 through bolts, thereby ensuring that the linkage structure 4 is not affected by the external environment during operation. A horizontal plate is arranged inside the metal protective cover, and the horizontal plate horizontally supports the transmission ring 406.

[0074] After each structure is assembled, the whole device is arranged directly below the shaft and fixed in the connecting tunnel.

[0075] During the use of the present invention, the following operating steps are included: Step 1: When operations such as drilling, charging, blasting, mucking, and supporting are carried out on the upper part of the shaft, and the mucking operation at the bottom of the shaft is suspended, the driving motor 401 is started through remote control operation, driving the lower transmission rod 409 to radially advance inward. Each mesh of the lower fence 2 slides along the circular chute 301 under the action of the meshing of the gears 205 and finally closes into an annular fence.

[0076] Step 2: Meanwhile, the rotatable arc baffle 305 rotates below the fixed arc baffle 304 under the rotational drive of the upper transmission rod 408. The chain mesh bag 308 is hemispherical under its own weight; the rotation radius of the rotatable arc baffle 305 is the same as the radius of the hemispherical chain mesh bag 308. Therefore, by driving the rotatable arc baffle 305, the chain mesh bag 308 can be received in the semi-circular groove jointly formed by the rotatable arc baffle 305 and the fixed arc baffle 304. The final state is as Figure 14 shown.

[0077] At this time, no matter the slag generated by the disturbance during the slag scraping or other operations in the upper part of the shaft drops, the annular fence formed by the closed lower fence 2 can effectively block the splashing of the slag and play a safety protection role.

[0078] Step 3: When the slag in the annular fence accumulates to a certain height and needs to be cleared, the motor 401 is remotely operated to start, driving the lower transmission rod 409 to radially pull outwards. At this time, each mesh of the lower fence 2 shrinks and folds to one side under the meshing action of the gears 205, forming an open state for the equipment to shovel the slag.

[0079] Step 4: Meanwhile, the rotatable arc baffle 305 rotates under the rotational drive of the upper transmission rod 408 to form an annular structure in combination with the fixed arc baffle 304, and the chain mesh bag 308 suspended below it unfolds under the action of gravity. During this stage, the slag scraping operation above the shaft needs to be paused, but other processes can continue to be operated. The unfolded chain mesh bag 308 can effectively block the accidentally dropped slag, thereby protecting the safety of the equipment and personnel operating below the shaft. The final state is as Figure 4 shown.

[0080] The present invention provides a device for slag convergence and protection at the bottom of a sluice well for shaft construction. This device can effectively block the rebound and splashing of slag when it falls to the ground, thereby reducing the impact on the surrounding area. At the same time, when slag discharging operations are carried out in the lower part of the shaft, the device reduces the restrictions on the upper shaft processes and helps to flexibly adjust the processes. In addition, the device provides reliable protection for the lower operating equipment and personnel. It is worth mentioning that the meshes of structures such as the lower fence are connected by shafts, which is convenient for quickly replacing relevant components when damaged, thus effectively shortening the maintenance time of the device and improving the maintenance efficiency.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute, characterized in that: The invention comprises a supporting structure (1), wherein the supporting structure (1) is sequentially installed with an upper fence (6) and a slide groove structure (3) from top to bottom through a pulling structure (5), and a lower fence (2) is installed below the slide groove structure (3); the lower fence (2) and the slide groove structure (3) are driven through a linkage structure (4); when the lower fence (2) is extended, the slide groove structure (3) is retracted; when the lower fence (2) is retracted, the slide groove structure (3) is extended.

2. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure (1) comprises a column (101), with pads (103) welded at both ends of the column (101), the pads (103) being embedded in concrete piers (105) at the bottom and top for fixing; first flange plates (102) are fixed at intervals in the vertical direction on the column (101) between the upper and lower pads (103), and bolt holes are provided on the first flange plates (102).

3. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulling structure (5) comprises a sleeve (505), both ends of which are threadedly connected with nunchaku-type connecting rods, the nunchaku-type connecting rod on one side is fixed to the column (101) via a nut (502), and the nunchaku-type connecting rod on the other side is fixed to the slide structure (3) or the upper fence (6) via a nut (502).

4. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nunchaku-type connecting rod comprises a rope (503), the two ends of which are respectively fixedly connected to a first round rod (501) and a second round rod (504), wherein the second round rod (504) is threadedly connected to a sleeve (505), and the first round rod (501) is fixed to a corresponding slide groove structure (3) or an upper fence (6) or a supporting structure (1).

5. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide groove structure (3) comprises a circular slide groove (301), the lower end of the circular slide groove (301) is open and forms a slide groove channel (301.4), and the inner ring of the circular slide groove (301) is provided with a fixed arc baffle (304) and a rotatable arc baffle (305), wherein the fixed arc baffle (304) is fixedly connected to the circular slide groove (301), and the side wall of the rotatable arc baffle (305) is fixed to a connecting shaft, and one end of the connecting shaft is rotatably mounted on a support (306) of the circular slide groove (301). The fixed arc baffle (304) and the rotatable arc baffle (305) are connected to each other and driven by the linkage structure (4); when the rotatable arc baffle (305) is rotated to an unfolded state, the fixed arc baffle (304) and the rotatable arc baffle (305) form an annular mechanism; when the rotatable arc baffle (305) is rotated to a folded state, the fixed arc baffle (304) and the rotatable arc baffle (305) form a semi-annular groove; and a chain net bag (308) is provided below the fixed arc baffle (304) and the rotatable arc baffle (305).

6. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 5, characterized in that: A hook (307) is provided below the fixed arc baffle (304) and the rotatable arc baffle (305), and the chain net bag (308) is suspended on the hook (307) via a reinforcing rib ring (309).

7. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower fence (2) comprises a lower fence piece (201) and an upper fence piece (203); adjacent lower fence pieces (201) and upper fence pieces (203) are rotatably connected via a transverse transfer mechanism (202); adjacent lower fence pieces (201) or adjacent upper fence pieces (203) are rotatably connected via a vertical transfer mechanism (204); a gear (205) is fixed to the upper end of each upper fence piece (203). The gears (205) between adjacent upper fence pieces (203) are meshed with each other; a round rod joint (206) is fixed to the upper end of each gear (205), and the buckle (207) freely passes through the round rod joint (206) and is limited by a nut; a sliding rod (208) is arranged on the upper end of the buckle (207) facing the inner side of the lower fence (2) in the folded state, and the sliding rod (208) is located in the slide groove channel (301.4) and slides along the slide groove channel (301.4).

8. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper fence (6) comprises fence meshes (601), and adjacent fence meshes (601) are clamped and bolted together through connecting plates and connecting grooves to form an annular structure; a third flange plate (603) and a second lifting ear (604) are fixed to the outer side of the annular structure, the third flange plate (603) is bolted to the first flange plate (102), and the second lifting ear (604) is bolted to the first round rod (501); the upper fence (6) is divided into multiple sections and distributed from top to bottom.

9. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 8, characterized in that: The linkage structure (4) comprises a motor (401), the output end of the motor (401) is connected to a vertical transmission rod (405); a first rotating disk (402), a second rotating disk (403) and a third rotating disk (404) are mounted on the vertical transmission rod (405); wherein the first rotating disk (402) drives the transmission ring (406) to reciprocate; the transmission ring (406) is fixedly connected to one end of a lower transmission rod (409), and the other end of the lower transmission rod (409) is connected to a buckle (207) in the lower fence (2); the second rotating disk (403) and the third rotating disk (404) are fixedly connected to one end of a lower transmission rod (409), and the other end of the lower transmission rod (409) is connected to a buckle (207) in the lower fence (2); The disks (404) are of the same size and their respective gear teeth occupy half of their own circumferences. The gear teeth of the second rotating disk (403) are located in the toothless area of ​​the third rotating disk (404). The gear (407) is located between the second rotating disk (403) and the third rotating disk (404) and its axis is perpendicular to the second rotating disk (403) and the third rotating disk (404). The gear (407) is meshed with the gears on the second rotating disk (403) and the third rotating disk (404). The output shaft of the gear (407) is coaxially connected to the connecting shaft on one side of the rotatable circular arc baffle (305).

10. The device for collecting and protecting slag at the bottom of a vertical shaft construction slag chute according to claim 9, characterized in that: The length of the gear teeth on the edge of the first rotating disk (402) accounts for half of the circumference of the first rotating disk (402), and racks are arranged on the inner sides of the two horizontal sections of the transmission ring (406), and the racks are meshed with the gear teeth. When the first rotating disk (402) rotates half a circle, the transmission ring (406) moves from one extreme end to the other extreme end.

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