Gas rock cracking agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel gas rock cracking agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of gunpowder. In order to solve the technical problems of danger in reprocessing of propellant powder, low utilization rate, environmental pollution and the like, the invention provides a gas rock cracking agent which comprises the following components: 25-75% of main charge, 20-70% of performance regulator and 2-5% of curing agent, the main charge is at least one of single-base propellant powder, double-base propellant powder or three-base propellant powder, the performance regulator is at least one of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate and ammonium dinitramide, and the curing agent is nitrocotton. The gas rock cracking agent is stable and free of overall explosion hazard, has the characteristics of low vibration, controllable flying rocks, clean products and the like when being used for rock cracking, and can well meet rock cracking operation under sensitive environments and various special working conditions; by adopting a wet mixing process, the fire blast risk caused by friction and static electricity in the mixing process of the propellant powder and the performance regulator can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gunpowder, and in particular relates to a fuel gas rock cracking agent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Propellants are primarily used in civilian applications such as fireworks, oil and gas drilling, and mine blasting. However, these applications present a range of challenges, including complex and dangerous reprocessing, low propellant utilization, and safety and environmental concerns. For many years, this field has been dedicated to promoting the green, safe, and efficient use of propellants and developing new products to expand their applications and channels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to address technical issues in civilian propellant applications, such as dangerous reprocessing, low utilization rates, and safety and environmental issues. The present invention utilizes a zero-oxygen balance design for the combustion of a fuel gas rock cracking agent, resulting in a complete combustion reaction. Furthermore, the present invention improves the preparation technology, with a wet mixing process that effectively reduces the risk of explosion caused by friction and static electricity during the mixing of the propellant and performance modifier. Furthermore, after drying and curing, the agent forms a stable mixed structure, without stratification or internal friction. The preparation process is simple, convenient, safe, and reliable.

[0004] The present invention provides a gas rock cracking agent, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: a gas rock cracking agent, characterized in that it is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 25% to 75% of a main charge, 20% to 70% of a performance regulator, and 2% to 5% of a curing agent; the main charge is at least one of a single-base propellant, a double-base propellant, or a triple-base propellant; and the performance regulator is at least one of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, or ammonium dinitramide.

[0005] Among them, in the above-mentioned gas cracking agent, the curing agent is nitrocellulose.

[0006] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gas rock cracking agent, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] A. Preparation of curing agent solution: dissolve the weighed curing agent in a mixed solvent of ethanol and ether to prepare a curing agent solution;

[0008] B. Wetting and premixing the main charge: Add the weighed main charge into the mixing pot, and evenly spray 40% to 60% of the curing agent solution obtained in step A into the mixing pot to wet and premix the main charge.

[0009] C. Wet mixing of the reagents: evenly add the weighed performance regulator into the mixing pot after premixing in step B, evenly spray the remaining amount of the curing agent solution obtained in step A into the mixing pot, and mix evenly to obtain a viscous mixed reagent;

[0010] D. Charging, drying and packaging: The viscous mixed agent obtained in step C is filled, dried and packaged to obtain the fuel gas rock cracking agent.

[0011] Wherein, in the preparation method of the above-mentioned fuel gas rock cracking agent, in step A, the added amount of the ethanol and ether mixed solvent is 10-18% of the total mass of the main charge, performance regulator and curing agent.

[0012] Among them, in the preparation method of the above-mentioned fuel gas rock cracking agent, in step A, the mass ratio of ethanol to ether in the ethanol and ether mixed solvent is 1:1.5-2.

[0013] In the preparation method of the above-mentioned fuel gas rock cracking agent, the ratio of the total mass of the main charge and the performance regulator to the mass of the curing agent solution is controlled to be 6 to 8:1.

[0014] Wherein, in the preparation method of the above-mentioned fuel gas rock cracking agent, in step D, the drying temperature is 60±2°C.

[0015] Wherein, in the preparation method of the above-mentioned fuel gas rock cracking agent, in step D, the drying time is 6 hours to 10 hours.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The non-crushing propellant of the present invention can significantly reduce the risk of explosion during the reprocessing of the propellant. The wet mixing technology of the curing agent solvent can effectively reduce the hidden dangers of explosion caused by agent friction and static electricity accumulation compared with the traditional dry mixing process, and the safety risk of the production process is controllable. The agent of the present invention is applicable to a wide range of propellant models. Typical granular, flaky, spherical, and oblate propellants can be used directly. The raw materials are widely available, and because the formula adopts a zero oxygen balance design, the final combustion product is relatively clean and environmentally friendly. No large amount of harmful waste water and waste gas is generated in the production process, and the structure of the gas cracking agent encapsulated in the shell after solidification is stable, and it is evenly vibrated without stratification under long-term vibration. The rock cracking agent of the present invention has no overall explosion hazard, and is constructed using traditional drilling and blasting technology. It has the advantages of small vibration, controllable flying rocks, simple and quick operation, etc. when cracking rocks. It can well solve the problems of crushing and demolition, slope management, road widening, emergency rescue, polishing, and pre-cracking operations in sensitive environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the preparation process of the gas cracking agent of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Specifically, a gas cracking agent is composed of the following components in the following mass percentages: a gas cracking agent, characterized in that it is composed of the following components in the following mass percentages: 25% to 75% of a main charge, 20% to 70% of a performance regulator, and 2% to 5% of a curing agent; the main charge is at least one of a single-base propellant, a double-base propellant, or a triple-base propellant; the performance regulator is at least one of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, or ammonium dinitramide.

[0020] In the fuel gas rock cracking agent of the present invention, the curing agent is nitrocellulose.

[0021] The present invention improves the formula and adopts a zero-oxygen balanced clean formula design. Typical granular, flaky, spherical, and oblate propellants can be used directly. Retired and waste propellants can also be used. The raw materials are widely available, and the final combustion products are mainly nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc., without flammable gases and harmful components such as halogen compounds.

[0022] The present invention has conducted in-depth research on the formula of gas cracking agent, and found that: if the main charge content in the components is less than 25%, and the performance regulator content is greater than 70%, the obtained agent is filled into a cracking tube and an ignition test is carried out, and its ignition reliability drops sharply. As the main charge content decreases, the performance regulator content increases and the misfire rate increases, which cannot meet the ignition quality requirements of the product; if the main charge content is greater than 75% and the performance regulator content is less than 20%, the obtained agent is filled into a cracking tube and 6 (a): a single package is used. Detonation, 6 (d): In the detonation test without isolation package, all packages will catch fire and burn, which cannot pass the 1.4 level hazard level test; if no curing agent is added, the obtained agent is filled to obtain 100 rock cracking tubes and subjected to a vibration test for 48 hours, and then ignited. The ignition rate is 86%, which does not meet the product ignition rate > 99% indicator; if the curing agent content is less than 2%, the curing agent viscosity decreases and the agent mixing uniformity is poor. If the curing agent content is > 5%, the curing agent viscosity is too high, which makes the agent easy to clump, and the construction difficulty increases.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned gas rock cracking agent, which comprises the following steps:

[0024] A. Preparation of curing agent solution: dissolve the weighed curing agent in a mixed solvent of ethanol and ether to prepare a curing agent solution;

[0025] B. Wetting and premixing the main charge: Add the weighed main charge into the mixing pot, and evenly spray 40% to 60% of the curing agent solution obtained in step A into the mixing pot to wet and premix the main charge.

[0026] C. Wet mixing of the reagents: evenly add the weighed performance regulator into the mixing pot after premixing in step B, evenly spray the remaining amount of the curing agent solution obtained in step A into the mixing pot, and mix evenly to obtain a viscous mixed reagent;

[0027] D. Charging, drying and packaging: The viscous mixed agent obtained in step C is filled, dried and packaged to obtain the fuel gas rock cracking agent.

[0028] In this field, pulverizing propellants is a very dangerous process, because there have been too many explosion accidents caused by pulverizing propellants. Secondly, the dry mixing of propellants and performance modifiers is prone to in-situ friction collision or static electricity accumulation, leading to explosion. Therefore, the present invention adopts wet mixing, and the curing agent is configured into a curing agent solution with a mass concentration of 10% to 18%, and is added twice to reduce the sensitivity of the agent and improve the process safety. It can significantly reduce the above-mentioned explosion risk, and the agent is mixed evenly. After being cured with the curing agent, the agent will not be stratified by long-term vibration (such as long-distance transportation) and has good ignition performance. Agent stratification may cause ignition failure (the performance modifier locally concentrated near the ignition device cannot be ignited by the ignition device, resulting in ignition failure). At the same time, the main charge is first added to wet the premix, and then the performance modifier is added for wet mixing, which reduces the sensitivity of the agent in the entire preparation process and further improves the process safety.

[0029] Meanwhile, in step A of the method for preparing a fuel gas rock cracking agent of the present invention, the mass ratio of ethanol to ether in the ethanol-ether mixed solvent is 1:1.5-2. In step A, the amount of the added ethanol-ether mixed solvent is controlled to be 10-18% of the total mass of the main charge, performance modifier, and curing agent, and the ratio of the total mass of the main charge and performance modifier to the mass of the curing agent solution is controlled to be 6-8:1 to ensure wet mixing of the components.

[0030] In step D of the method for preparing the fuel gas rock cracking agent of the present invention, the drying temperature is controlled to be 60±2° C., and the drying time is 6 h to 10 h.

[0031] The present invention is further described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0032] Example

[0033] The composition of the fuel gas fracturing agent is shown in Table 1.

[0034] The preparation method of the fuel gas fracturing agent comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) Preparation of curing agent solution: Add a mixed solvent of ethanol and ether in a mass ratio of 1:2 to a stirring pot, then add nitrocellulose, stir evenly to dissolve, and prepare a curing agent solution of a certain concentration.

[0036] (2) Wetting of main charge: Add the weighed main charge into the mixing pot, and evenly spray 50% of the curing agent solution prepared in step (1) into the mixing pot to wet the curing agent and premix it evenly.

[0037] (3) Wet mixing of reagents: The weighed performance regulator is evenly added into the mixing pot, and the remaining 50% curing agent solution is evenly sprayed into the mixing pot, and mixed evenly with the main charge pre-mixed by wetting in step (2) to obtain a viscous mixed reagent.

[0038] (4) Charging, drying, and packaging: The viscous mixed agent prepared in step (3) is quantitatively filled into the packaging shell by a filling device as quickly as possible, and then dried at 60±2°C for 8 hours. The independently packaged fuel gas fracturing agent is then packaged.

[0039] Table 1 Composition of fuel gas fracturing agent formulation / wt%

[0040]

[0041] Performance testing:

[0042] 1. The fuel gas fracturing agents prepared in Examples 1-5 were tested according to GJB770B-2005 "Propellant Test Methods" and the oxygen balance calculation method. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0043] Table 2 Performance of gas fracturing agent

[0044] Test items Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Compatibility First level compatibility First level compatibility First level compatibility First level compatibility First level compatibility Flash point ℃ ＞180 ＞180 ＞180 ＞180 ＞180 OB% 0.82 0.75 0.88 1.02 1.05

[0045] 2. The gas fracturing agents prepared in Examples 1-5 were assembled into "rock cracking tubes" after being charged and tested in accordance with the seventh revised edition of the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" - "Manual of Tests and Criteria". The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0046] Table 3 Performance of cracked rock pipe

[0047]

[0048] 3. The gas fracturing agents prepared in Examples 1-5 were assembled into single-pieces with a charge of 15 g. The cracked rock pipe was drilled in the geometric center of the top surface of two groups of 1000mm square C30 concrete (compressive strength of about 34.5Mpa), bluestone (compressive strength of about 68Mpa), and granite (compressive strength of about 310MPa) samples. The drill hole was drilled and a solitary rock cracking test was carried out. After detonation, the sample broke quickly with a smooth cross-section. There was no crushing and fracturing zone in the detonation center and no flying rocks during the process. The test showed that the instantaneous maximum pressure in the blast hole was between 420Mpa and 530Mpa, which was enough to make the sample crack in a controlled manner, but would not cause the sample to break and produce flying rocks due to excessive pressure.

[0049] As can be seen from the examples, the present invention adopts solidifying agent solvent wet mixing technology to stop the flammable hidden danger brought because of medicament friction, static accumulation, and production process safety risk is controllable. Medicament of the present invention is applicable to propellant model widely, and the propellants such as typical granular, sheet, spherical, flattened sphere can directly use, and decommissioning, waste propellant amount can also be applicable, and raw material sources are extensive, and because formula adopts and approaches (0 oxygen balance design), final combustion product is comparatively clean, environmental protection. Production process does not have a large amount of harmful waste water, waste gas generation, and the gas cracking agent structure after the solidification encapsulated in the housing is stable, is evenly without stratification by long-term vibration, rock cracking agent of the present invention does not have its hazard level of overall explosion hazard and can reach 1.4 class explosive standards, adopt traditional drilling and blasting process to construct, have the advantages such as vibration is little, flying stone is controllable, easy and quick to operate when carrying out rock fracture, can well solve the broken demolition under sensitive environment, slope management, road widening, emergency rescue and smooth surface, pre-splitting operation etc.

Claims

1. Gas rock cracking agent, characterized by: The invention is composed of the following components in the following mass percentages: 25% to 75% of main charge, 20% to 70% of performance modifier, and 2% to 5% of curing agent; the main charge is at least one of single-base propellant, double-base propellant or triple-base propellant; the performance modifier is at least one of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate or ammonium dinitramide.

2. The gas rock cracking agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing agent is nitrocellulose.

3. The method for preparing the gas rock cracking agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Preparation of curing agent solution: dissolve the weighed curing agent in a mixed solvent of ethanol and ether to prepare a curing agent solution; B. Wetting and premixing the main charge: Add the weighed main charge into the mixing pot, and evenly spray 40% to 60% of the curing agent solution obtained in step A into the mixing pot to wet and premix the main charge. C. Wet mixing of the reagents: evenly add the weighed performance regulator into the mixing pot after premixing in step B, evenly spray the remaining amount of the curing agent solution obtained in step A into the mixing pot, and mix evenly to obtain a viscous mixed reagent; D. Charging, drying and packaging: The viscous mixed agent obtained in step C is filled, dried and packaged to obtain the fuel gas rock cracking agent.

4. The method for preparing a gas rock cracking agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step A, the amount of the ethanol and ether mixed solvent added is 10-18% of the total mass of the main charge, the performance regulator and the curing agent.

5. The method for preparing a gas rock cracking agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step A, the mass ratio of ethanol to ether in the ethanol-ether mixed solvent is 1:1.5-2.

6. The method for preparing a gas rock cracking agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ratio of the total mass of the main charge and the performance regulator to the mass of the curing agent solution is controlled to be 6 to 8:

1.

7. The method for preparing a gas rock cracking agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step D, the drying temperature is 60±2°C.

8. The method for preparing a fuel gas rock cracking agent according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: In step D, the drying time is 6 hours to 10 hours.

Images