Aluminum alloy material, preparation method thereof and cable

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum alloy material, a preparation method thereof and a cable. The aluminum alloy material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.03 percent to 0.06 percent of Si, 0.80 percent to 1.2 percent of Fe, 0.15 percent to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.005 percent to 0.03 percent of B, 0.001 percent to 0.02 percent of Ti, 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent of Y, 0.08 percent to 0.2 percent of the total mass of La and Ce and the balance of Al. The specific content of Fe is added into the aluminum alloy material and cooperates with the rare earth elements Y, La and Ce, and the elongation at break of the aluminum alloy material is improved; meanwhile, due to the addition amount of the Y element, the fatigue resistance of the material is further improved, the toughness of the material is improved, and the heat resistance and cold resistance of the material can be improved. A specific content of boron element is added to form nuclear particles, so that the effect of refining grains is achieved, and the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material is improved; and meanwhile, the resistivity of the aluminum alloy material is further reduced through cooperation of the boron element and other components. And the titanium element can also play a role in refining grains, so that the tensile strength of the material is further improved. The cable prepared from the aluminum alloy material can meet the requirement of a cable torsion experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, and in particular to an aluminum alloy material, a preparation method thereof, and a cable. Background Art

[0002] As specialized cables for wind power generation, wind-twist cables must possess excellent torsion and bending resistance due to the unique environment they operate in. The aluminum alloy conductor in the center of the cable must not only meet current requirements but also withstand a 360° torsion test with one forward and reverse rotation. Furthermore, the conductor must withstand 10,000 twists at room temperature and 2,000 twists at -40°C without breaking.

[0003] Traditional aluminum alloy rod materials have low tensile strength and elongation at break. After being prepared into cables, the produced aluminum alloy cables were subjected to forward and reverse torsion tests. Core breakage (the middle part of the conductor was broken) began to occur after 2,000 twists under room temperature conditions. Under low temperature conditions of -40°C, core breakage occurred after 1,000 twists. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an aluminum alloy material with high tensile strength and high elongation at break, a preparation method thereof, and a cable.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides an aluminum alloy material, which comprises the following components, calculated by mass percentage:

[0006] Si: 0.03%-0.06%, Fe: 0.80%-1.2%, Cu: 0.15%-0.25%, B: 0.005%-0.03%, Ti: 0.001%-0.02%, Y: 0.05%-0.15%, the total mass of La and Ce: 0.08%-0.2% and the balance Al.

[0007] The above-mentioned aluminum alloy material, through the above-mentioned specific content of components, obtains an aluminum alloy material with high tensile strength and high elongation at break. Among them, by adding a specific content of Fe and the rare earth elements Y, La and Ce to cooperate with each other, the ductility of the aluminum alloy material is improved, and then its elongation at break is improved; at the same time, the addition of the Y element further improves the fatigue resistance of the material, increases the toughness of the material, and can also increase the heat resistance and cold resistance of the material. Adding a specific content of boron element to the components can improve the fluidity of the aluminum alloy material during the preparation process, and can form nuclei, which plays a role in refining the grains; at the same time, the boron element and other components can cooperate to further reduce the resistivity of the aluminum alloy material. Introducing a specific content of titanium element into the aluminum alloy material can further play a role in refining the grains and further improve the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material. The cable prepared by the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material can meet the requirements of the cable torsion test.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:(1-8).

[0009] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of Y is 0.10%-0.12% by mass; and / or,

[0010] The total mass percentage of La and Ce is: 0.08%-0.12%; and / or,

[0011] The mass percentage of Fe is 0.90%-1.05%; and / or,

[0012] The mass percentage of B is 0.01%-0.02%; and / or,

[0013] The mass percentage of Ti is 0.007%-0.015%.

[0014] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy material is a rod or a wire.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0016] Weigh each raw material according to the component ratio;

[0017] Melting and mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixed melt;

[0018] The mixed melt is subjected to refining treatment and casting treatment in sequence to obtain a casting billet;

[0019] The cast slab is subjected to rolling treatment and cooling treatment in sequence.

[0020] In some embodiments, the raw material includes an Al-Ti-B refiner, which is added to the melt after the refining process and before the casting process.

[0021] In some embodiments, the preparation method satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0022] (1) The casting temperature of the casting process is 690°C-710°C;

[0023] (2) Before rolling, heat the ingot to 510-540°C and then start rolling;

[0024] (3) Control the final rolling temperature to 250℃-350℃;

[0025] (4) controlling the cooling rate of the cooling treatment to be ≥20°C / s;

[0026] (5) The temperature of the aluminum alloy after the cooling treatment is controlled to be 60°C-90°C.

[0027] In some embodiments, the preparation method further comprises the following preparation steps:

[0028] The aluminum alloy after cooling treatment is sequentially drawn to obtain aluminum alloy wire.

[0029] In some embodiments, the preparation method further comprises the following preparation steps:

[0030] performing a wire bundling process on the aluminum alloy wire to obtain aluminum alloy strands;

[0031] Twisting the aluminum alloy strands to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy conductor;

[0032] The aluminum alloy conductor is annealed to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor.

[0033] A third aspect of the present invention provides a cable, comprising a conductor, wherein the material of the conductor comprises the aforementioned aluminum alloy material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below, along with preferred embodiments thereof. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided for the purpose of providing a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present application, an aluminum alloy material is provided. The aluminum alloy material comprises the following components, calculated by weight percentage:

[0038] Si: 0.03%-0.06%, Fe: 0.80%-1.2%, Cu: 0.15%-0.25%, B: 0.005%-0.03%, Ti: 0.001%-0.02%, Y: 0.05%-0.15%, the total mass of La and Ce: 0.08%-0.2% and the balance Al.

[0039] The above-mentioned aluminum alloy material, through the above-mentioned specific content of components, obtains an aluminum alloy material with high tensile strength and high elongation at break. Among them, by adding a specific content of Fe and rare earth elements Y, La and Ce, the three work together to improve the ductility of the aluminum alloy material, thereby improving its elongation at break; at the same time, the addition of element Y further improves the fatigue resistance of the material, increases the toughness of the material, and can also increase the heat resistance and cold resistance of the material. Adding a specific content of boron element to the components can improve the fluidity of the aluminum alloy material during the preparation process, and can form nuclei, which plays a role in refining the grains; at the same time, boron element and other components can work together to further reduce the resistivity of the aluminum alloy material. Introducing a specific content of titanium element into the aluminum alloy material can further play a role in refining the grains and further improve the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material. The cable prepared by the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material can meet the requirements of the cable torsion test.

[0040] The cables made of the above-mentioned aluminum alloy materials can meet the requirements of cable torsion tests.

[0041] The Si content by mass is 0.03%-0.06%. It is understood that the Si content can be 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, or 0.06%. Furthermore, in the aluminum alloy material, the Si content by mass can be a range between any two of the above values. Preferably, the Si content by mass is 0.04%-0.05%.

[0042] The aforementioned Fe content by mass is 0.80%-1.20%. It is understood that the Fe content can be 0.80%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 1.0%, 1.05%, or 1.20%. Furthermore, in the aluminum alloy material, the Fe content by mass can be a range between any two of the aforementioned values. Preferably, the Fe content by mass is 0.90%-1.05%.

[0043] The above-mentioned Cu content by mass is 0.15%-0.25%. It can be understood that the Cu content can be 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.165%, 0.17%, 0.175%, 0.18%, 0.185%, 0.19%, 0.20%, 0.21%, 0.22%, 0.23%, 0.24% or 0.25%. Furthermore, in the aluminum alloy material, the Cu content by mass can be a range between any two of the above-mentioned points. Preferably, the Cu content by mass is 0.20%-0.25%.

[0044] The mass percentage of the above-mentioned B is 0.005%-0.03%. It can be understood that the content of B can be 0.005%, 0.008%, 0.01%, 0.015%, 0.02%, 0.025% and 0.03%. Furthermore, in the aluminum alloy, the mass percentage of B can be a range value formed between any two of the above-mentioned point values. Preferably, the mass percentage of B is 0.01%-0.02%. Further controlling the amount of the B element in the aluminum alloy material is beneficial to improving the fluidity of the melt during the casting process and reducing the adverse effects of other elements in the melt. At the same time, B can form nuclear particles, form non-spontaneous nucleation, play a role in refining grains, and enhance the strength of the aluminum alloy material. Moreover, controlling the B element within a certain range and coordinating with aluminum can further reduce the resistivity of the aluminum alloy material.

[0045] The mass percentage of Ti mentioned above is 0.001%-0.02%. It can be understood that the content of B can be 0.001%, 0.0015%, 0.002%, 0.004%, 0.005%, 0.006%, 0.008%, 0.01%, 0.015%, and 0.02%. Furthermore, in the aluminum alloy material, the mass percentage of Ti can be a range between any two of the above points. Preferably, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.007%-0.015%.

[0046] The mass percentage of Y mentioned above is 0.05%-0.15%. It can be understood that the content of Y can be 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14% or 0.15%. Furthermore, in the aluminum alloy material, the mass percentage of Y can be a range of values ​​between any two of the above-mentioned points. Preferably, the mass percentage of Y is 0.10%-0.12%. When the external environment of the material changes, it will have a certain impact on the material (such as strength and torsion resistance). Adding the Y element will increase the hindering effect (due to lattice distortion, dislocation pinning, etc.), alleviating this disadvantage. This will thereby improve the cold and heat resistance of the material.

[0047] The above-mentioned total mass percentage of La and Ce is 0.08%-0.20%. It is understood that the total mass content of La and Ce can be 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, 0.15%, 0.16%, 0.17%, 0.18%, 0.19%, or 0.20%. Furthermore, the mass percentage of the rare earth element in the aluminum alloy material can be a range of values ​​between any two of the above-mentioned points. It is understood that at least one of La and Ce is not zero; further, the contents of both La and Ce are not zero.

[0048] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:(1-8). It is understood that the mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, or 1:8. Furthermore, the mass ratio of La to Ce can be a range of values ​​consisting of any two of the above-mentioned points. Furthermore, the mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:(1-3). Preferably, the mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:2.

[0049] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of aluminum in the aluminum alloy material is ≥98.0%.

[0050] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy material includes the following components:

[0051] Si: 0.04%-0.05%, Fe: 0.90%-1.05%, Cu: 0.20%-0.25%, B: 0.01%-0.02%, Ti: 0.007%-0.015%, Y: 0.10%-0.12%, the total mass of La and Ce: 0.08%-0.20% and the balance Al; rare earth elements include La and Ce, and the mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:(1-3). Further, the aluminum alloy material includes the following components:

[0052] Si: 0.04%-0.045%, Fe: 0.90%-1.0%, Cu: 0.20%-0.23%, B: 0.015%-0.02%, Ti: 0.007%-0.015%, Y: 0.10%-0.12%, the total mass of La and Ce: 0.08%-0.12% and the balance Al; rare earth elements include La and Ce, and the mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:2.

[0053] In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy material is a rod or a wire.

[0054] In some embodiments, the diameter of the aluminum alloy rod is 7.5 mm to 12 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the aluminum alloy wire can be circular, trapezoidal, or S / Z-shaped. For example, the aluminum alloy wire is an aluminum alloy round wire.

[0056] In some embodiments, the cross section of the aluminum alloy wire is circular, and the diameter of the cross section of the aluminum alloy wire is 0.25 mm-0.75 mm.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present application, a method for preparing the above-mentioned aluminum alloy material is provided, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0058] Weigh each raw material according to the above-mentioned component ratio;

[0059] Melting and mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixed melt;

[0060] The mixed melt is subjected to refining treatment and casting treatment in sequence to obtain a casting billet;

[0061] The ingot is rolled and cooled in sequence.

[0062] In some embodiments, the raw materials include aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, aluminum-silicon master alloys, aluminum-iron master alloys, aluminum-copper master alloys, aluminum-rare earth master alloys, aluminum-boron master alloys, and aluminum-titanium master alloys.

[0063] In some embodiments, the step of melting and mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixed melt includes first melting an aluminum ingot in a smelting device to obtain aluminum liquid, and then sequentially melting and mixing other raw material components in the above raw materials.

[0064] In some embodiments, the smelting equipment may be a resistance heating furnace, an induction heating furnace, or a silicon carbon rod heating furnace.

[0065] In some embodiments, the melting process may be performed at 750° C. to 780° C.

[0066] In some embodiments, stirring may be performed during the melt mixing process to ensure uniform melt mixing.

[0067] In some embodiments, the stirring method can be at least one of manual stirring and electromagnetic stirring. The specific stirring rate and stirring time are not limited, as long as the melt is uniformly mixed.

[0068] In some embodiments, after the melt is stirred evenly, the step of standing and keeping warm for 20 minutes to 45 minutes is also included.

[0069] In some embodiments, the raw materials include, in addition to the ingot raw materials corresponding to the above components, an Al-Ti-B refiner, which is added to the melt after the refining process and before the casting process.

[0070] In some embodiments, the refining process includes the following steps:

[0071] A powder refining agent is added to the mixed melt through an injection device to perform a first refining treatment to remove gas and impurities in the melt;

[0072] Then the slag is removed from the surface of the melt.

[0073] In some embodiments, the injection device uses gas as a carrier to add the powdered refining agent into the mixed melt.

[0074] In some embodiments, the carrier gas may be an inert gas. Furthermore, it may be high-purity nitrogen or argon. Preferably, the carrier gas is high-purity nitrogen. Furthermore, the purity of the high-purity nitrogen is 99.999%.

[0075] In some embodiments, the spray powder refining agent is at least one of NaCl, KCl and cryolite.

[0076] In some embodiments, the amount of the spray powder refining agent added is 0.2%-0.25% of the total mass of the mixed melt.

[0077] In some embodiments, the pressure of the carrier gas is 10 KPa to 15 KPa. By controlling the pressure of the carrier gas, the size of bubbles in the melt can be controlled, further reducing the gas content in the melt.

[0078] In some embodiments, the time for the first refining after adding the powdering refining agent is 20 min-30 min.

[0079] In some embodiments, before the casting process, the mixed melt is introduced into a degassing device and a filtering device for a second degassing and deslagging process, wherein the gas and solid impurities remaining in the melt can be further removed by the second degassing and deslagging process.

[0080] In some embodiments, the hydrogen atomic content in the melt after the second degassing and deslagging treatment is ≤0.150 ml / 100 g. Further removing gas and slag impurities from the melt can reduce crack sources in the aluminum alloy, increase the strength of the aluminum alloy, improve processing properties, and further enhance the heat resistance, plasticity, and forgeability of the aluminum alloy, thereby increasing the hardness, strength, and toughness of the aluminum alloy.

[0081] In some embodiments, after the Al-Ti-B refiner is added to the melt after the first refining process and before the casting process, the melt is again introduced into the degassing device and the filtering device for the third degassing and deslagging step before the casting process is performed.

[0082] In some embodiments, the casting temperature during the casting process is 690° C. to 710° C. The casting temperature refers to the temperature of the mixed melt at the beginning of the casting process being 690° C. to 710° C.

[0083] In some embodiments, the casting is performed in a horizontal casting manner.

[0084] In some embodiments, the casting may be straightened and heated during the rolling process, and an aluminum alloy rod meeting size requirements may be obtained through the rolling process.

[0085] In some embodiments, the slab is heated to 510° C.-540° C. before rolling, and then the rolling is started. Heating the slab to 510° C.-540° C. before rolling is beneficial to the formation of solid solution.

[0086] In some embodiments, an emulsion is used to lubricate and cool the rollers and the aluminum alloy during the rolling process.

[0087] In some embodiments, the pressure of the emulsion is 180 bar to 220 bar. Further, the pressure of the emulsion is 200 bar.

[0088] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the emulsion can be 40 m³ / h-60 m³ / h.

[0089] In some embodiments, the emulsion concentration is 8%-12%.

[0090] In some embodiments, the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy material is 250° C.-350° C. upon completion of the rolling process. The final rolling temperature refers to the temperature of the aluminum alloy material being 250° C.-350° C. upon completion of the rolling process. Controlling the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy is beneficial to the formation of a solid solution.

[0091] In some embodiments, after the rolling process is completed, the aluminum alloy material is rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of ≥20°C / s. Furthermore, the cooling rate is between 20°C / s and 50°C / s. The cooling rate refers to the rate of temperature change of the rolled aluminum alloy material before and after the cooling process.

[0092] In some embodiments, after the cooling process, the surface temperature of the aluminum alloy material is 60°C-90°C.

[0093] In some embodiments, the cooling step is achieved by rapidly passing the rolled aluminum alloy material through a cooling water tank.

[0094] In some embodiments, the cooling water tank includes an inlet and an outlet, with multiple cooling zones positioned between the inlet and the outlet. Cooling water is provided in each cooling zone, and the pressure of the cooling water in the multiple cooling zones increases and then decreases from the inlet to the outlet of the cooling water tank. This controls the cooling rate and reduces the moisture content of the aluminum alloy, thereby preventing oxidation of the aluminum alloy surface caused by excessive moisture content.

[0095] In some embodiments, five cooling zones are provided in the middle portion from the inlet to the outlet, namely, a first cooling zone, a second cooling zone, a third cooling zone, a fourth cooling zone, and a fifth cooling zone. The water pressure in the first cooling zone is 100 MPa-150 MPa, the water pressure in the second cooling zone is 200 MPa-250 MPa, the water pressure in the third cooling zone is 100 MPa-150 MPa, the water pressure in the fourth cooling zone is 50 MPa-100 MPa, and the water pressure in the fifth cooling zone is 0 MPa. Controlling the water pressure of the cooling water in each cooling zone facilitates rapid cooling of the aluminum rod, achieving extremely rapid cooling to form a solid solution and reducing the water vapor content on the surface of the aluminum alloy material.

[0096] In some embodiments, the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material further includes the following preparation steps:

[0097] The aluminum alloy after cooling is subjected to wire drawing to obtain aluminum alloy wire.

[0098] In some embodiments, the wire drawing process requires multiple drawing operations, each at a speed of 12 m / s to 25 m / s. The cross-sectional area of ​​the aluminum alloy changes by 20% to 25% before and after each drawing operation. Multiple drawing operations can yield aluminum alloy wire that meets dimensional requirements.

[0099] In some embodiments, the above preparation method further comprises the following preparation steps:

[0100] performing a wire bundling process on the aluminum alloy wire to obtain aluminum alloy strands;

[0101] Twisting the aluminum alloy strands to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy conductor;

[0102] The aluminum alloy conductor is annealed to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor.

[0103] In some embodiments, the annealing temperature is 340° C. to 350° C., and the annealing time is 4 hours to 5 hours.

[0104] In some embodiments, when performing the annealing treatment, the aluminum alloy conductor is heated to the annealing temperature within 1 hour.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present application, a cable is provided, which includes a conductor, and the material of the conductor includes the above-mentioned aluminum alloy.

[0106] In some embodiments, the conductor is a wire.

[0107] In some embodiments, the material of the conductor may also be the aforementioned aluminum alloy, for example, the conductor may be directly made of the aforementioned aluminum alloy wire. It is understood that in other examples, the conductive material may also contain other conductive materials.

[0108] In some embodiments, the cable includes not only the conductors but also an insulation layer disposed on the outer surface of the conductors.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present application, a method for preparing a cable is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0110] An aramid braided layer is added to the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor obtained after annealing, and insulation extrusion and sheath extrusion are completed according to a braiding density of 60%-80% to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0111] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more concise and clear, the present invention is illustrated by the following specific embodiments, but the present invention is by no means limited to these embodiments. The embodiments described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and can be used to describe the present invention. They should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0112] In order to better illustrate the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the following embodiments.

[0113] Example 1

[0114] Preparation of aluminum alloy:

[0115] (1) Raw material inspection and selection: The aluminum ingots used were Al99.70 remelted aluminum ingots. The specific chemical composition of the aluminum ingots is shown in Table 1.

[0116] Table 1

[0117]

[0118] According to the chemical composition of the aluminum ingot in Table 1 and the proportion of the aluminum alloy components in Table 3, appropriate amounts of magnesium ingot, aluminum iron, aluminum silicon, aluminum copper, aluminum boron, aluminum titanium, and aluminum rare earth (lanthanum-rich cerium) master alloy were weighed.

[0119] (2) Melting and mixing: Place the aluminum ingot (Al99.70) into a melting furnace with a melting rate of 10t / h for melting at a temperature of 720℃; after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, transfer it to a holding furnace and stir it evenly, and quickly raise the temperature in the holding furnace to 740±10℃, then add magnesium ingot, aluminum iron, aluminum silicon, aluminum copper, aluminum boron, aluminum titanium, and aluminum rare earth (lanthanum-rich cerium) intermediate alloy; continue stirring for at least 30 minutes to melt and mix the above raw materials evenly.

[0120] (3) First refining: Using 99.999% high-purity nitrogen as a carrier and controlling the pressure at 0.22 MPa, add a high-efficiency powder refining agent of 0.4% of the total mass of the mixture in the furnace to the molten mixture in step (2) through a spraying device, and stir. After the powder spraying is completed, stop stirring and let it stand for 5-10 minutes.

[0121] (4) Slag removal: Open the slag removal door of the insulation furnace and remove the slag on the surface of the melt.

[0122] (5) Second refining: After step (4) is completed, the melt in the furnace is passed through the launder into the online degassing device and the filtering device for refining outside the furnace, and degassing and deslagging are performed again until the hydrogen atom content in the melt is ≤0.150ml / 100g, wherein the gas in the online degassing device is high-purity nitrogen, and the filter plate specification in the filtering device is 40PPI.

[0123] (6) Adding Al-Ti-B refiner: Al-Ti-B wire is added to the melt refined outside the furnace in step (5) through a wire feeder, and the Al-Ti-B wire melts in the melt under the action of the residual temperature of the melt.

[0124] (7) Third refining: After adding Al-Ti-B wire, the melt passes through the online degassing device and filtration device again for slag removal.

[0125] (8) Composition adjustment: After the Al-Ti-B wire is melted, the melt is allowed to stand in a holding furnace for 30-40 minutes, and the temperature of the melt is maintained at 740 ± 10 °C. Then, samples are taken from three different locations in the furnace for rapid chemical composition analysis to confirm that the chemical composition of the melt is consistent with the component ratio in Table 2. If the chemical composition of the melt meets the requirements, the furnace is opened and discharged. If the sampling results are inconsistent with the above composition, adjustments should be made, and the melt should be re-stirred, allowed to stand, and then sampled and analyzed.

[0126] (9) Casting: After the melt in step (8) meets the requirements, the melt is allowed to enter the upper ladle and flow into the lower ladle through the guide pipe. By controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the ladle, the casting temperature is maintained at 690~710℃, the crystallization wheel speed is adjusted to 1.5 rpm, the casting cooling water temperature is 25~35℃, and the total cooling water pressure is 0.30MPa. When the temperature of the billet coming out of the crystallization wheel reaches ≥490℃, it is sent to the rolling step.

[0127] (10) Rolling: The ingot obtained in step (9) is fed into a straightening machine for straightening and then into an induction heating device. By adjusting the induction heating power, the ingot temperature before rolling is controlled at 510-540°C. During the rolling process, an emulsion is used to lubricate and cool the rollers and the aluminum alloy rod. The emulsion concentration is 14%. The emulsion pressure and temperature are adjusted (temperature is 65°C, pressure is 0.25 MPa) so that the final rolling temperature of the aluminum alloy rod is ≤300°C. The diameter of the rolled aluminum alloy rod is 9.5 mm.

[0128] (11) Rapid cooling: The aluminum alloy rods coming out of the rolling mill are quickly passed through the cooling water tank for quenching treatment. The cooling water tank is divided into 5 areas. The cooling water distribution in each area is shown in Table 2 below: The aluminum alloy rods coming out of the rolling mill are quickly cooled with water to control the surface temperature of the aluminum alloy rods to ≤70℃ to ensure the strength of the aluminum alloy rods.

[0129] Table 2

[0130]

[0131] (12) Cleaning the aluminum rod: Use compressed air to blow away the water on the surface of the aluminum rod to keep it clean and dry. A 9.5 mm aluminum alloy rod is obtained.

[0132] (13) Wire drawing: The aluminum alloy rod obtained in step (12) was drawn multiple times on a sliding high-speed wire drawing machine to form a round wire. The drawing speed was 15 m / s, and the cross-sectional change rate of each drawn aluminum alloy rod was 20%. The diameter of the drawn aluminum wire was 0.49 mm. According to the conductor design of 70 square meters, 336 single wires were drawn.

[0133] (14) Bundling and twisting: The aluminum wire obtained in step (13) is bundled to form aluminum alloy strands. 24 aluminum alloy monofilaments are bundled and twisted to form aluminum alloy bundled strands; the pitch is 110-124, and the bundling direction is right-handed.

[0134] The obtained strands are twisted in a 4+10 structure to form an aluminum alloy conductor. The first layer has a pitch of 128-160 and a left-hand lay direction; the second layer has a pitch of 138-183 and a right-hand lay direction, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy conductor.

[0135] (15) Annealing treatment: The aluminum alloy conductor obtained in step (14) is heated to 340°C-350°C within 1 hour and kept at this temperature for 4 hours.

[0136] (16) Cable manufacturing: An aramid braided layer is added to the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor obtained after annealing, and insulation extrusion and sheath extrusion are completed according to the braiding density of 60%-80% to obtain an aluminum alloy cable.

[0137] The preparation methods of Examples 2-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are the same as those of Example 1, with the only difference being that the content of the aluminum alloy components is different. The aluminum alloy components in each example are shown in Table 3:

[0138] Table 3

[0139]

[0140] Note: Aluminum alloys also contain essential impurity components, and the components in Table 3 do not give the composition of the impurity components.

[0141] Performance testing

[0142] Test method for tensile strength and elongation at break of aluminum alloy rods / wires: Test in accordance with the method specified in GB / T 4909.3-2009 Part 3: Tensile test.

[0143] Resistivity test method for aluminum alloy rods / wires: Test in accordance with the method specified in GB / T 3048.2-2007 Electrical properties test methods for wires and cables Part 2: Resistivity test for metallic materials.

[0144] Aluminum alloy composition test method: Test in accordance with the method specified in GB / T 7999-2015 Aluminum and aluminum alloy photoelectric direct reading emission spectroscopy analysis method.

[0145] Torsion Resistance Test: According to the method specified in Appendix B of GB / T 29631-2013, the cables obtained in each embodiment and comparative example were subjected to torsional performance testing, including 10,000 cycles of room temperature torsion tests and 2,000 cycles of low temperature torsion tests (-40°C). The results are shown in Table 4. A cable passes the test if it does not break and has no cracks or distortion on its surface. A cable fails the test if it breaks or has cracks or distortion on its surface.

[0146] The performance test data of the aluminum alloy rod with a diameter of 9.5 mm, the aluminum alloy wire with a diameter of 0.49 mm, and the cable prepared in each embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 4:

[0147] Table 4

[0148]

[0149] As can be seen from Table 4 above, the cables made of aluminum alloy materials prepared using the technical solution of the present application in Examples 1-6 will not break when subjected to 10,000 torsion tests at room temperature and 2,000 torsion tests at a low temperature of -40°C, and no cracks or distortion will occur on the surface, which can meet the use requirements of the cable.

[0150] The element group distribution ratios of Comparative Examples 1-4 are not within the scope of the present application. The cables prepared therefrom break or have cracks on the cable surface during a torsion test, and cannot meet the use requirements of the cables.

[0151] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0152] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be based on the appended claims, and the description may be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy material, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy material includes the following components by mass percentage: Si: 0.03%-0.06%, Fe: 0.80%-1.2%, Cu: 0.15%-0.25%, B: 0.005%-0.03%, Ti: 0.001%-0.02%, Y: 0.05%-0.15%, the total mass of La and Ce: 0.08%-0.2% and the balance Al.

2. The aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of La to Ce is 1:(1-8).

3. The aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, The mass percentage of Y is 0.10%-0.12%; and / or, The total mass percentage of La and Ce is: 0.08%-0.12%; and / or, The mass percentage of Fe is 0.90%-1.05%; and / or, The mass percentage of B is 0.01%-0.02; and / or, The mass percentage of Ti is 0.007%-0.015%.

4. The aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy material is a rod or a wire.

5. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The method comprises the following preparation steps: Weigh each raw material according to the component ratio; Melting and mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixed melt; The mixed melt is subjected to refining treatment and casting treatment in sequence to obtain a casting billet; The cast slab is subjected to rolling treatment and cooling treatment in sequence.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein The raw material includes an Al-Ti-B refiner, which is added to the melt after the refining process and before the casting process.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein The preparation method satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The casting temperature of the casting process is 690°C-710°C; (2) Before the rolling process, the cast slab is heated to 510°C-540°C, and then the rolling process is started; (3) Control the final rolling temperature to 250℃-350℃; (4) controlling the cooling rate of the cooling process to be ≥20°C / s; (5) The temperature of the aluminum alloy after the cooling treatment is controlled to be 60°C-90°C.

8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises the following preparation steps: The aluminum alloy after the cooling treatment is subjected to wire drawing to obtain aluminum alloy wire.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein The preparation method further comprises the following preparation steps: performing a wire bundling process on the aluminum alloy wire to obtain aluminum alloy strands; Twisting the aluminum alloy strands to obtain a pretreated aluminum alloy conductor; The aluminum alloy conductor is annealed to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor.

10. A cable, characterized in that: The cable includes a conductor, and the material of the conductor includes the aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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