Preparation method of high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material, and belongs to the fields of energetic materials, active fragment materials and efficient damage. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an insensitive explosive with graphite powder to form a composite material A which has a core-shell structure and coats the insensitive explosive with graphite, uniformly mixing the composite material A with active metal, tungsten and polyvinylidene fluoride in an all-dimensional planetary ball mill, and then carrying out pre-pressing molding; and sintering to obtain a final product. As an energetic material, the material is very insensitive and safe in a static state, has certain toughness and strength, can be directly machined, and generates violent explosion and combustion to generate high heat and high temperature under the action of high-speed impact; as a fragment material, high kinetic energy is utilized, and high chemical energy released after impact explosion can implement comprehensive damage of penetration, implosion, longitudinal fire and overpressure on a target. The preparation method is wide in raw material source and low in price; the process is simple, low in cost and convenient for batch production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material, and belongs to the field of energetic materials, active fragment materials and high-efficiency damage. Background Art

[0002] With the upgrading of weaponry, metal / fluoropolymer composite energetic materials—high-energy, insensitive energetic materials and active fragmentation materials that react to impact—are gaining increasing attention. Unlike traditional explosives and pyrotechnics, these energetic materials are sintered from two or more non-explosive solids. They are highly insensitive and safe in static conditions, possessing a certain degree of toughness and strength, allowing for direct machining. However, under high-speed impact, they undergo violent explosions and combustion, generating high heat. As active fragmentation materials, they utilize their high kinetic energy and the high chemical energy released after the impact explosion to inflict a combination of damage, including penetration, implosion, incineration, and overpressure, on aerial targets such as cruise missiles, ballistic missiles, and fighter jets. This significantly enhances the damage effectiveness of these materials, and they are widely used in the manufacture or improvement of fragments and charge liners.

[0003] Previously reported metal / fluoropolymer composite energetic materials mostly consisted of aluminum and polytetrafluoroethylene (Al / PTFE) as their primary components. Their impact response was slow, resulting in limited damage to brittle targets (such as radar radomes and stealth aircraft hulls). To enhance their reactivity and sensitivity, and further improve their damage effectiveness, high-energy insensitive explosives were added to the composites, along with other active metals to create a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the reactivity and response sensitivity of existing metal / fluoropolymer composite energetic materials and further enhance the penetration and explosive power. A method for preparing high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic materials is provided. The method adopts coating, powder mixing, molding and sintering processes, which is simple and does not require special process requirements.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] A method for preparing a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material, comprising the following specific steps:

[0007] Step 1: uniformly mixing the insensitive explosive and graphite powder in a vacuum disperser to form a composite material A having a core-shell structure and graphite-coated insensitive explosive; the mass fraction of the graphite powder is 0.5% of the total mass of the insensitive explosive and the graphite powder;

[0008] Step 2: Mix the composite material A prepared in step 1, the active metal, tungsten, and polyvinylidene fluoride in an omnidirectional planetary ball mill. The composite material A, active metal, tungsten powder, and polyvinylidene fluoride are combined by mass, wherein the composite material A accounts for 3-10% of the total mass; the active metal accounts for 15-50% of the total mass; the tungsten powder accounts for 10-50% of the total mass; and the polyvinylidene fluoride accounts for 20-75% of the total mass.

[0009] Step 3: Place the uniform powder obtained in step 2 into a mold and pre-press into shape;

[0010] Step 4: Sinter the pre-pressed specimen obtained in step 3 to obtain the final product.

[0011] The insensitive explosives used in step 1 are NTO, TATB, FOX-7, and TNT.

[0012] The active metals described in step 2 are aluminum powder, magnesium powder, silicon powder, and titanium powder; and the mixing time is 1 hour to 5 hours.

[0013] The pre-pressing pressure in step 2 is 10-50 MPa.

[0014] The sintering temperature in step 3 is 170-190° C., and the sintering time is 2-4 hours.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] 1. A method for preparing a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material, using high-energy explosives, aluminum powder, magnesium powder, titanium powder, silicon powder, tungsten powder, and polyvinylidene fluoride powder as raw materials, with controllable costs; using conventional coating, powder mixing, molding, and sintering processes, the process is simple and suitable for mass production.

[0017] 2. Compared to previously reported aluminum / polytetrafluoroethylene (Al / PTFE) materials, the high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material prepared by this invention incorporates high-energy insensitive explosives and heavy metals, replacing the use of other active metals. This significantly enhances reactivity, sensitivity, and blasting capability. Range testing demonstrates significant improvements in penetration and explosive power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a photograph of the comprehensive damage effect of a 10 mm thick resin plate after being impacted by the high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material prepared in Example 1 at an initial velocity of 950 m / s;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a photo of the comprehensive damage effect of a 5mm tungsten alloy plate after being impacted by the high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material prepared in Example 2 at an initial velocity of 900m / s;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a photo of the comprehensive damage effect of a 5mm tungsten alloy plate after being impacted by the active high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material prepared in Example 3 at an initial velocity of 950m / s. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] A method for preparing a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material, comprising the following specific steps:

[0024] (1) Preparation of composite material A: 2.985 g of insensitive explosive NTO and 0.015 g of graphite powder were uniformly mixed in a vacuum disperser to form a composite material A having a core-shell structure and graphite-coated insensitive explosive;

[0025] (2) Weighing and mixing powders: The mass ratio of each component is: A / active metal / tungsten / polytetrafluoroethylene = 3 / 22 / 40 / 35, that is, weigh 3 g of composite material A, 12 g of aluminum powder, 2.4 g of magnesium powder, 2.8 g of silicon powder, 4.8 g of titanium powder, 40 g of tungsten powder, and 35 g of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, place them in an omnidirectional planetary ball mill and mix them for 1 h.

[0026] (3) Molding: The mixed powder is placed in a mold and compressed at a pressure of 20 MPa, a compression rate of 30 N / s, a holding time of 5 min, a pressure relief rate of 30 N / s, and demolding after pressure relief.

[0027] (4) Sintering: The molded parts after demolding are placed in a sintering furnace for sintering. Argon atmosphere is used during the sintering process. The sintering temperature is 170°C and the sintering time is 2 hours. The heating rate is 30°C / h and the cooling rate is 30°C / h. The parts are cooled in the furnace.

[0028] The high explosive-based energetic material prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 35 MPa and a density of 3.6 g / cm 3 , sensitivity is 0. At an initial velocity of 950m / s, it hits a 10mm glass fiber-based heat-resistant material target plate, causing explosion and penetrating the target plate. Figure 1 shown.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] A method for preparing a high-energy explosive-based energetic material, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Preparation of Composite Material A: Weigh 4.975 g of insensitive explosive NTO and 0.025 g of graphite powder, and mix them uniformly in a vacuum disperser to form a composite material A having a core-shell structure and graphite-coated insensitive explosive;

[0032] (2) Weighing and mixing powders: The mass ratio of each component is: A / active metal / heavy metal / polyvinylidene fluoride = 5 / 22 / 40 / 33, that is, weigh 5g of composite material A, 3.6g of magnesium powder, 4.2g of silicon powder, 7.2g of titanium powder, 7g of aluminum powder, 40g of tungsten powder, and 33g of polyvinylidene fluoride, place them in an omnidirectional planetary mixer and mix them for 2h;

[0033] (3) Molding: The mixed powder is placed in a mold and compressed at a pressure of 30 MPa, a compression rate of 30 N / s, a holding time of 5 min, a pressure relief rate of 30 N / s, and demolding after pressure relief.

[0034] (4) Sintering: The molded parts after demolding are placed in a sintering furnace for sintering. Argon atmosphere is used during the sintering process. The sintering temperature is 180°C and the sintering time is 2.5 hours. The heating rate is 30°C / h and the cooling rate is 30°C / h. The parts are cooled in the furnace.

[0035] The high explosive-based energetic material prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 40 MPa and a density of 3.9 g / cm 3 , sensitivity is 0. At an initial velocity of 900m / s, it hits a 2mm carbon carbide silicon-based insulation material target plate, causing a deflagration. Figure 2 shown.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] A method for preparing a high-energy explosive-based energetic material, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Preparation of Composite Material A: Weigh 6.965 g of insensitive explosive NTO and 0.035 g of graphite powder, and mix them uniformly in a vacuum disperser to form a composite material A having a core-shell structure and graphite-coated insensitive explosive;

[0039] (2) Weighing and mixing powders: The mass ratio of each component is: A / active metal / tungsten / polyvinylidene fluoride = 7 / 21.5 / 20 / 51.5, that is, weigh 7g of composite material A, 16.5g of aluminum powder, 1.2g of magnesium powder, 1.4g of silicon powder, 2.4g of titanium powder, 51.5g of polyvinylidene fluoride, and 20g of tungsten powder, place them in a planetary mixer and mix them for 4h;

[0040] (3) Molding: The mixed powder is placed in a mold and compressed at a pressure of 40 MPa, a compression rate of 30 N / s, a holding time of 5 min, a pressure relief rate of 30 N / s, and demolding after pressure relief.

[0041] (4) Sintering: The molded parts after demolding are placed in a sintering furnace for sintering. Argon atmosphere is used during the sintering process. The sintering temperature is 190°C and the sintering time is 3 hours. The heating rate is 30°C / h and the cooling rate is 30°C / h. The parts are cooled in the furnace.

[0042] The high explosive-based energetic material prepared in this embodiment has a compressive strength of 29 MPa and a density of 3.7 g / cm 3 , sensitivity is 0. It hits the 3mm carbon carbide silicon based insulation material target plate at an initial velocity of 950m / s, and a deflagration occurs. Figure 3 shown.

[0043] The above specific description further illustrates the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material, characterized by: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: uniformly mixing the insensitive explosive and graphite powder in a vacuum disperser to form a composite material A having a core-shell structure and graphite-coated insensitive explosive; the mass fraction of the graphite powder is 0.5% of the total mass of the insensitive explosive and the graphite powder; Step 2: placing the composite material A prepared in step 1, the active metal, tungsten and polyvinylidene fluoride in an omnidirectional planetary ball mill and mixing them evenly; the mass of the composite material A, the active metal, the tungsten powder and the polyvinylidene fluoride is the total mass, wherein the mass of the composite material A is 3-10% of the total mass; the mass of the active metal is 15-50% of the total mass; the mass of the tungsten powder is 10-50% of the total mass; and the mass of the polyvinylidene fluoride is 20-75% of the total mass; Step 3: Place the uniform powder obtained in step 2 into a mold and pre-press into shape; Step 4: Sinter the pre-pressed specimen obtained in step 3 to obtain the final product.

2. The method for preparing a high-energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material according to claim 1, wherein: The insensitive explosive in step 1 is NTO, TATB, FOX-7 or TNT.

3. The method for preparing a high energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material according to claim 1, wherein: The active metals in step 2 are aluminum powder, magnesium powder, silicon powder and titanium powder; and the mixing time is 1 hour to 5 hours.

4. The method for preparing a high energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material according to claim 1, wherein: The pre-pressing pressure in step 2 is 10-50 MPa.

5. The method for preparing a high energy insensitive explosive-based active energetic material according to claim 1, wherein: The sintering temperature in step 3 is 170-190° C., and the sintering time is 2-4 hours.

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