Greenhouse soil microbiome portable analysis device and method for early warning of soil-borne diseases

Abstract

The invention discloses a greenhouse soil microbiome portable analysis device and method for early warning of soil-borne diseases, the device is mainly composed of a case, a feeding and screening mechanism, a detection mechanism and a main control mechanism, the feeding and screening mechanism drives a sampling screen frame through a linear motion module and a vibration motor to complete automatic conveying and screening of soil; the screened soil falls into the detection table, the detection mechanism adopts an electron microscope with a protection part to collect images of soil microorganisms, the detection table is automatically cleaned through a cleaning assembly, and the main control mechanism integrates an intelligent analysis system. Microorganisms are identified and classified by applying an image processing algorithm, a pre-trained decision tree classification model and a convolutional neural network model, and the system finally outputs microorganism species, quantity distribution and disease risk assessment results through multiple rounds of sampling analysis, so that rapid early warning of soil-borne diseases is realized. The device has the characteristics of high automation degree, high portability and the like, and is suitable for soil health monitoring of agricultural environments such as greenhouses and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil analysis technology, specifically to a portable analysis device and method for greenhouse soil microbiome for early warning of soil-borne diseases. Background Technology

[0002] Soil-borne diseases are plant diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms (such as fungi, bacteria, nematodes, etc.). They are spread through the soil and seriously threaten the health of crops, leading to reduced yields or even crop failure. Traditional methods for detecting soil-borne diseases mainly rely on laboratory analysis, such as culture methods, molecular biological detection (such as PCR technology) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although these methods are highly accurate, they have the following significant drawbacks: (1) The detection cycle is long, usually taking several days or even weeks from sampling to obtaining results; (2) They rely on professional equipment and personnel, and are complex and costly to operate; (3) It is difficult to achieve real-time field monitoring and cannot meet the needs of modern agriculture for rapid disease early warning.

[0003] In recent years, rapid detection technology based on image recognition has been introduced into the field of soil disease analysis. For example, the micro-ecological characteristics investigation method and system of polluted farmland soil disclosed in announcement number CN117172992 B still faces many challenges in its practical application. For example, soil samples are often mixed with large particles such as stones and roots. If images are collected directly, the impurities will obscure the microbial targets or interfere with the imaging clarity, resulting in a decrease in recognition accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a portable analysis device that can quickly analyze and provide early warning with high accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above objectives is: a portable analysis device for greenhouse soil microbiome for early warning of soil-borne diseases, comprising a device casing, a feeding and screening mechanism, a detection mechanism, and a main control mechanism. The feeding and screening mechanism is provided inside the device casing, and a material inlet is provided on the device casing in conjunction with the feeding and screening mechanism. The feeding and screening mechanism is used to transfer sampled soil from the outside through the material inlet to a predetermined position and screen the soil. The detection mechanism is located at the bottom of the feeding and screening mechanism inside the device housing. The detection mechanism includes a detection platform and an image acquisition component. The detection platform is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding and screening mechanism. The detection platform is used to collect the soil samples screened by the feeding and screening mechanism. The image acquisition component is fixedly connected to one side of the detection platform. The image acquisition component can acquire images of the soil samples on the detection platform. The device chassis is also equipped with the main control mechanism, which works in conjunction with the image acquisition component to achieve intelligent analysis of the sampled soil images.

[0006] Furthermore, the testing mechanism also includes a cleaning component, which works in conjunction with the testing platform. The device chassis is equipped with a soil discharge port in conjunction with the cleaning component, and the cleaning component is used to clean the testing soil on the testing platform. The image acquisition component includes an electron microscope and a protective component that works in conjunction with the electron microscope. The protective component can seal the lens of the electron microscope, and the electron microscope corresponds to the detection stage.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the feeding and screening mechanism adopts the following structure: The feeding and screening mechanism includes a linear motion module, an elastic clamping component, a sampling sieve frame, a vibrating motor, and a baffle plate. The linear motion module is located inside the device housing. The linear motion module includes a linear motion table capable of linear motion. A support platform is fixedly connected to the linear motion table. The support platform is equipped with the elastic clamping component, which clamps the sampling sieve frame. The vibrating motor is fixedly connected to the elastic clamping component. A drop opening is provided on the support platform corresponding to the sampling sieve frame. The baffle plate is fixedly connected to one side of the testing platform inside the device housing, and the bottom surface of the support platform abuts against the top surface of the baffle plate.

[0008] In a further optimization, the cleaning component and the support platform are connected by a transmission component, so that the cleaning component can be driven to perform cleaning work when the support platform moves linearly; The protective component and the support stage are connected by a driving component, so that when the support stage moves linearly, it can push the protective component to protect or open the electron microscope.

[0009] In one embodiment, the linear motion module has the following structure: The linear motion module further includes a motor, a lead screw, and a sliding column. The sliding column is fixedly connected inside the device housing. The linear motion table is slidably connected to the sliding column. The lead screw is threadedly connected to the linear motion table. The motor is fixedly connected to the device housing, and the motor is powered by the lead screw.

[0010] In one embodiment, the elastic clamping member has the following structure: The elastic clamping component includes a fixed platform, a first spring, and a clamping platform. The fixed platforms are fixedly connected to both sides of the drop opening on the bearing platform. Each set of fixed platforms has a clamping platform on its inner side. A guide post is fixedly connected to the clamping platform. The guide post passes through the fixed platform and is fitted with the first spring. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the fixed platform, and the other end is fixedly connected to the clamping platform. The sampling sieve frame is clamped between the two sets of clamping platforms. The vibration motor is fixedly connected to the clamping platform.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the structure of the cleaning component is as follows: The cleaning assembly includes a reciprocating drive module and a cleaning platform. The reciprocating drive module is located inside the device chassis. The reciprocating drive module includes a drive platform capable of reciprocating motion. The drive platform is slidably connected to the detection platform. The cleaning platform is fixedly connected to the drive platform. The bottom surface of the cleaning platform abuts against the detection platform. The reciprocating drive module and the support platform are poweredly connected through the transmission assembly.

[0012] In one embodiment, the reciprocating drive module has the following structure: The reciprocating drive module further includes a rotating disk, an eccentric shaft, and a traction shaft. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating disk and rotatably connected to the bottom of the baffle plate. The eccentric shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating disk and rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft. A push shaft is fixedly connected to the drive platform, and the end of the traction shaft is rotatably connected to the push shaft. The rotating shaft and the support platform are powered through the transmission assembly.

[0013] In one embodiment, the transmission assembly has the following structure: The transmission assembly includes a drive gear, a drive rack, a central shaft, a synchronous drive assembly, and a ratchet assembly. The central shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the blocking plate. The central shaft and the rotating shaft are connected through the synchronous drive assembly. The drive gear is fixedly connected to the central shaft. The drive rack is fixedly connected to the support platform. The drive gear and the drive rack cooperate. The ratchet assembly is provided on the rotating shaft at the bottom of the synchronous drive assembly. When the support platform moves toward the feed inlet under the action of the ratchet assembly, the drive rack drives the drive gear to rotate, and the rotating disk does not rotate. When the support platform moves away from the feed inlet, the drive rack drives the drive gear to rotate, and the rotating disk rotates 360°.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the structure of the protective component is as follows: The protective component includes a fixed frame, a second spring, a protective baffle, and a guide post. The fixed frame is fixedly connected inside the device housing. The electron microscope is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The guide post is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The protective baffle is slidably connected to the guide post. The second spring is sleeved on the guide post. One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the protective baffle. The protective baffle can seal the lens of the electron microscope. Furthermore, when the above structure is used, the driving component adopts a pusher block to achieve the following structure: The pusher block cooperates with the protective baffle. When the support platform moves toward the feed inlet, the protective baffle moves away from the electron microscope. When the support platform moves away from the feed inlet, the drive member pushes the protective baffle toward the electron microscope.

[0015] According to the aforementioned portable soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases in greenhouses, an analysis method is provided, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Collect greenhouse soil samples by placing the soil samples on the sampling sieve frame of the device; Step 2: The linear motion module drives the sampling sieve frame to the predetermined position inside the device housing, and the vibration motor drives the sampling sieve frame to vibrate, so that the soil on the sampling sieve frame falls onto the detection platform at the bottom. Step 3: The electron microscope scans the soil on the testing platform, captures high-resolution images of microorganisms, and automatically uploads the images to the analysis system of the main control device; Step 4: Clean the soil off the testing platform using the cleaning components, and repeat steps 2 and 3. Step 5: After multiple iterations, the analysis system performs noise reduction, enhancement, and segmentation on each group of images to highlight the microbial targets. Then, it calls the pre-trained decision tree classification model to initially classify the microorganisms. Finally, it uses a convolutional neural network model to accurately identify specific pathogenic microorganisms and outputs the microbial species, quantity, and potential pathogenicity assessment. Step 6: Integrate all test results, analyze the system to assess the probability of disease occurrence based on the microbial identification results, and visualize the output.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The sampled soil can be transferred to the corresponding testing platform through the feeding and screening mechanism. The soil is then screened by the feeding and screening mechanism, and the screened soil falls onto the testing platform. The image acquisition component then captures microbial images of the soil on the testing platform. Combined with the built-in analysis system of the main control device, the soil can be identified and warned of whether it has soil-borne disease microorganisms. The above device can perform preliminary and rapid early warning analysis of the soil, which solves the problems of traditional soil-borne disease detection relying on laboratories, long cycle, and high cost. 2. The feeding and screening mechanism can screen the sampled soil to prevent large particles such as stones from entering the detection platform, thereby avoiding the impact of large impurities on image acquisition and improving the final recognition effect. It is also equipped with a cleaning component to clean the soil on the detection platform. After multiple screenings and tests, the sampled soil is integrated with all test results before a final conclusion is given, which can further improve the accuracy of the final warning. 3. The image acquisition component uses an electron microscope to acquire images of the soil being tested. It is also equipped with a protective component to seal and protect the lens of the electron microscope. This prevents soil from falling and causing dust to adhere to the lens of the electron microscope, thus affecting the detection accuracy, when the sampled soil is screened. 4. The linear motion module, combined with the transmission component, can use the power of the linear motion module to perform the cleaning work of the cleaning component. The linear motion module, combined with the protective component, can use the power of the linear motion module to determine whether the protective component protects the lens of the electron microscope. This overall structure can reduce the drive source and control circuit, reduce the failure rate of the device, and achieve better performance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another state of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the soil sieving process of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during soil image acquisition according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during soil cleaning according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding and screening mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic clamping component in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in this invention from another angle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the protective component and the driving component in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the protective component in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the image analysis process structure in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 100 Equipment casing, 101 Material inlet, 102 Soil discharge outlet, 103 Sealing cover; 200 Feeding and screening mechanism, 201 Linear motion module, 2011 Linear motion table, 2012 Motor, 2013 Lead screw, 2014 Sliding column, 202 Elastic clamping component, 2021 Fixed table, 2022 First spring, 2023 Clamping table, 2024 Guide column, 203 Sampling screen frame, 204 Vibrating motor, 205 Baffle plate, 206 Bearing platform, 2061 Drop outlet; 300 Testing mechanism, 301 Testing table, 302 Image acquisition component, 3021 Electron microscope, 3022 Protective component, 3023 Fixing frame, 3024 Second spring, 3025 Protective baffle, 3026 Guide column, 303 Cleaning component, 3031 Reciprocating drive module, 3032 Cleaning table, 3033 Drive table, 3034 Rotary disk, 3035 Eccentric shaft, 3036 Traction shaft, 3037 Rotating shaft, 3038 Push shaft; 400 main control unit; 500 Transmission assembly, 501 Drive gear, 502 Drive rack, 503 Central shaft, 504 Synchronous drive assembly, 505 Ratchet assembly; 600 drive unit. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0020] Please see Figures 1-5A portable soil microbiome analysis device for greenhouses used for early warning of soil-borne diseases includes a device housing 100, a feeding and screening mechanism 200, a detection mechanism 300, and a main control mechanism 400. The feeding and screening mechanism 200 is located inside the device housing 100. The device housing 100 is equipped with a feeding port 101 that works in conjunction with the feeding and screening mechanism 200. The feeding port 101 is fitted with a sealing cover 103. The feeding and screening mechanism 200 is used to transfer sampled soil from the outside through the feeding port 101 to a predetermined location and screen the soil. Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 The feeding and screening mechanism 200 includes a linear motion module 201, an elastic clamping member 202, a sampling screen frame 203, a vibrating motor 204, and a baffle plate 205. Specifically, the linear motion module 201 is located inside the device housing 100. The linear motion module 201 includes a linear motion table 2011 capable of linear motion. A support platform 206 is fixedly connected to the linear motion table 2011. An elastic clamping member 202 is provided on the support platform 206, clamping the sampling screen frame 203. A vibrating motor 204 is fixedly connected to the elastic clamping member 202. A drop opening 2061 is provided on the support platform 206 corresponding to the sampling screen frame 203 (see [reference]). Figure 6 In addition, a baffle plate 205 is fixedly connected to one side of the detection table 301 inside the device housing 100. The bottom surface of the support table 206 abuts against the top surface of the baffle plate 205. In this way, the linear motion module 201 can drive the support table 206 to move linearly. When the sampling sieve frame 203 is placed on the elastic clamp 202 for clamping, the sampling sieve frame 203 can be driven into the device housing 100. The baffle plate 205 blocks the sampling sieve frame 203 so that the soil will not fall when it does not reach the predetermined position. When the sampling sieve frame 203 reaches the predetermined position, the vibration motor 204 can drive the sampling sieve frame 203 to vibrate, so that the sampling sieve frame 203 can screen the soil. Furthermore, please refer to Figure 4 Inside the device housing 100, at the bottom of the feeding and screening mechanism 200, there is a detection mechanism 300. The detection mechanism 300 includes a detection platform 301 and an image acquisition component 302. The detection platform 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding and screening mechanism 200. The detection platform 301 is used to collect the soil samples screened by the feeding and screening mechanism 200. The image acquisition component 302 is fixedly connected to one side of the detection platform 301. The image acquisition component 302 can acquire images of the soil samples on the detection platform 301. For more details, please refer to Figure 3The image acquisition component 302 also includes an electron microscope 3021 and a protective component 3022 that works with the electron microscope 3021. The lens of the electron microscope 3021 can be sealed by the protective component 3022. The electron microscope 3021 corresponds to the detection stage 301. In other words, the electron microscope 3021 is used to acquire microbial images of the soil on the detection stage 301. To elaborate further, please refer to Figure 5 The aforementioned testing organization 300 also includes a cleaning component 303, which works in conjunction with the testing platform 301. The device housing 100 is equipped with a soil discharge port 102 in conjunction with the cleaning component 303. The cleaning component 303 is used to clean the testing soil on the testing platform 301, and the cleaned soil is discharged to the outside through the soil discharge port 102. Furthermore, please refer to Figure 2 The device chassis 100 is also equipped with a main control mechanism 400, which integrates an analysis system. The main control mechanism 400 works in conjunction with the image acquisition component 302 to realize intelligent analysis of the sampled soil images.

[0021] In summary, the soil sample can be placed on the sampling screen, and then the sampling screen can be placed on the elastic clamp 202 for clamping. Then, the linear motion module 201 drives the sampling screen to a predetermined position, that is, the sampling screen corresponds to the testing platform 301. The vibration motor 204 drives the sampling screen to vibrate, so that the sampling screen sieves the soil, and the sieved soil can fall onto the testing platform 301. After the soil screening is completed, the vibrating motor 204 stops working, and the linear motion module 201 drives the sampling sieve frame 203 to reach the baffle plate 205, preventing the soil from falling further. The protective component 3022 removes the protection of the electron microscope 3021, allowing the electron microscope 3021 to collect microbial images of the soil on the testing stage 301; The soil on the testing platform 301 is cleaned by the cleaning component 303, and the sampling sieve frame 203 is transferred to the corresponding testing platform 301 by the linear motion module 201. Then the soil on the sampling sieve frame 203 is sieved, and the sieved soil falls back onto the testing platform 301. The soil is collected again by the electron microscope 3021 and the image is transmitted to the analysis system. After repeating the above steps multiple times, the analysis system can denoise, enhance, and segment the image to highlight the microbial targets. Then, a pre-trained decision tree classification model (built based on historical soil images and environmental data) is called to initially classify the microorganisms. Then, a convolutional neural network model is used to accurately identify specific pathogenic microorganisms (such as Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, etc.), and output the microbial species, quantity, and potential pathogenicity assessment analysis system. The system integrates all detection results, statistically analyzes the abundance and distribution characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms, assesses the probability of disease occurrence, and visualizes the output. After the test is completed, the linear motion module 201 can drive the sampling sieve frame 203 to move out of the material port 101, and the staff will remove the sampling sieve frame 203. Example

[0022] Please see Figures 6-9 A portable soil microbiome analysis device for greenhouses used for early warning of soil-borne diseases, this embodiment further discloses, based on Example 1: In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 The linear motion module 201 also includes a motor 2012, a lead screw 2013, and a sliding column 2014. The sliding column 2014 is fixedly connected inside the device housing 100. A linear motion table 2011 is slidably connected to the sliding column 2014. The lead screw 2013 is threadedly connected to the linear motion table 2011. The motor 2012 is fixedly connected to the device housing 100. The motor 2012 and the lead screw 2013 are poweredly connected. The motor 2012 drives the lead screw 2013 to rotate, so that the linear motion table 2011 moves linearly on the sliding column 2014. With this lead screw 2013 transmission method, the position of the linear motion table 2011 can be precisely controlled, which in turn allows for precise control of the position of the sampling sieve frame 203.

[0023] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 The elastic clamping component 202 includes a fixed platform 2021, a first spring 2022, and a clamping platform 2023. Fixed platforms 2021 are fixedly connected to both sides of the drop opening 2061 on the bearing platform 206. A clamping platform 2023 is provided on the inner side of each set of fixed platforms 2021. A guide post 2024 is fixedly connected to the clamping platform 2023. The guide post 2024 passes through the fixed platform 2021. The first spring 2022 is sleeved on the guide post 2024. One end of the first spring 2022 is fixedly connected to the fixed platform 2021, and the other end is fixedly connected to the clamping platform 2023. A sampling sieve frame 203 is clamped between the two sets of clamping platforms 2023. A vibration motor 204 is fixedly connected to the clamping platform 2023. The clamping table 2023 clamps the sampling sieve frame 203 by the elastic force of the first spring 2022. When the vibration motor 204 is working, the sampling sieve frame 203 can also vibrate by the elastic force of the first spring 2022, thus ensuring the sieving effect of the sampling sieve frame 203.

[0024] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 9 The cleaning component 303 includes a reciprocating drive module 3031 and a cleaning table 3032. Specifically, the reciprocating drive module 3031 is located inside the device housing 100. The reciprocating drive module 3031 includes a drive table 3033, a rotating disk 3034, an eccentric shaft 3035, and a traction shaft 3036. Specifically, a rotating shaft 3037 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 3034 and rotatably connected to the bottom of the baffle plate 205. An eccentric shaft 3035 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 3034, and a traction shaft 3036 is rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft 3035. A push shaft 3038 is fixedly connected to the drive table 3033. The end of shaft 3036 is rotatably connected to push shaft 3038, and drive platform 3033 is slidably connected to detection platform 301. When rotating disk 3034 rotates, drive platform 3033 can move linearly along detection platform 301 under the action of traction shaft 3036. Cleaning platform 3032 is fixedly connected to drive platform 3033. The bottom surface of cleaning platform 3032 abuts against detection platform 301. In this way, drive platform 3033 can drive cleaning platform 3032 to move linearly, and clean the soil on detection platform 301 through cleaning platform 3032. The power of rotating disk 3034 can be driven by motor 2012. Example

[0025] Please see Figures 8-11 A portable soil microbiome analysis device for greenhouses used for early warning of soil-borne diseases, this embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1: Please see Figure 8 , Figure 9The rotating shaft 3037 and the support platform 206 are connected by a transmission assembly 500, so that when the support platform 206 moves linearly, it can drive the cleaning assembly 303 to perform cleaning work. Specifically, the transmission assembly 500 includes a drive gear 501, a drive rack 502, a central shaft 503, a synchronous drive assembly 504 (a combination of a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt), and a ratchet assembly 505. That is, the bottom of the baffle plate 205 is rotatably connected to the central shaft 503, and the central shaft 503 and the rotating shaft 3037 are connected by the synchronous drive assembly 504. The drive gear 501 is fixedly connected to the central shaft 503, and the drive rack 502 is fixedly connected to the support platform 206. The drive gear 501 and the drive rack 502 cooperate with each other. The ratchet assembly 505 is provided on the rotating shaft 3037 at the bottom of the synchronous drive assembly 504. Under the action of the ratchet assembly 505, when the support platform 206 moves toward the feed port 101, the drive rack 502 drives the drive gear 501 to rotate, and the rotating disk 3034 does not rotate. When the support platform 206 moves away from the feed port 101, the drive rack 502 drives the drive gear 501 to rotate, and the rotating disk 3034 rotates 360°. Specifically, after the soil screening is completed, the linear motion module 201 drives the sampling sieve frame 203 to move towards the feed inlet 101, so that the baffle plate 205 closes the sampling sieve frame 203 to prevent soil from falling onto the testing table 301. At this time, the drive rack 502 drives the drive gear 501 to rotate, but the rotating disk 3034 does not rotate, so the soil on the testing table 301 is not cleaned, so that the electron microscope 3021 can collect images of the soil on the testing table 301. When the soil is screened and tested again, the linear motion module 201 drives the sampling screen frame 203 to move away from the feed inlet 101, so that the sampling screen frame 203 corresponds to the testing platform 301. At this time, the drive rack 502 drives the drive gear 501 to rotate, and the rotating disk 3034 rotates 360°. The rotation of the rotating disk 3034 can drive the traction table to perform a reciprocating linear motion, so that the cleaning table 3032 cleans the soil on the testing platform 301 and returns to its original position. The clean testing platform 301 can then carry the screened soil again.

[0026] To further optimize this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 10 , Figure 11The protective component 3022 and the support stage 206 are connected by a drive component 600, so that when the support stage 206 moves linearly, it can push the protective component 3022 to protect or open the electron microscope 3021. Specifically, the protective component 3022 includes a fixed frame 3023, a second spring 3024, a protective baffle 3025, and a guide post 3026. That is, the fixed frame 3023 is fixedly connected to the inside of the device housing 100, the electron microscope 3021 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 3023, the guide post 3026 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 3023, the protective baffle 3025 is slidably connected to the guide post 3026, and the second spring 3024 is sleeved on the guide post 3026. One end of the second spring 3024 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 3023, and the other end is fixedly connected to the protective baffle 3025. The protective baffle 3025 can close the lens of the electron microscope 3021. When the above structure is selected, the driving component 600 adopts a pushing block, so that the pushing block cooperates with the protective baffle 3025. When the support stage 206 moves towards the feed port 101, the protective baffle 3025 moves away from the electron microscope 3021. When the support stage 206 moves away from the feed port 101, the driving component 600 pushes the protective baffle 3025 towards the electron microscope 3021. More specifically, after the soil screening is completed, the electron microscope 3021 needs to acquire images of the soil on the testing stage 301. At this time, the linear motion module 201 needs to drive the sampling sieve frame 203 to the upper part of the baffle plate 205. In this way, the support stage 206 moves towards the material inlet 101. Thus, the drive component 600 no longer pushes the protective baffle plate 3025. The elastic force of the second spring 3024 is used to move the protective baffle plate 3025 away from the electron microscope 3021 to open the electron microscope 3021 and meet the subsequent image acquisition work. When soil sieving and sampling is required again, the linear motion module 201 drives the support platform 206 to move towards the testing platform 301. At this time, the drive component 600 pushes the protective baffle 3025, so that the protective baffle 3025 protects the lens of the electron microscope 3021, and at the same time stretches the second spring 3024. Example

[0027] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 13 According to the portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases provided in Example 1, this embodiment also provides an analysis method, including the following steps: Step 1: Collect greenhouse soil samples by placing the soil samples on the sampling sieve frame 203 of the device; Step 2: The linear motion module 201 drives the sampling sieve frame 203 to a predetermined position inside the device housing 100, and the vibration motor 204 drives the sampling sieve frame to vibrate, so that the soil on the sampling sieve frame 203 falls onto the detection platform 301 at the bottom. Step 3: The electron microscope 3021 scans the soil on the detection platform 301, captures high-resolution images of microorganisms, and automatically uploads the images to the analysis system of the main control device. Step four: Clean the soil on the testing platform 301 using the cleaning component 303, and repeat steps two and three. Step 5: After multiple iterations, the analysis system performs noise reduction, enhancement, and segmentation on each group of images to highlight the microbial targets. Then, it calls the pre-trained decision tree classification model to initially classify the microorganisms. Finally, it uses a convolutional neural network model to accurately identify specific pathogenic microorganisms and outputs the microbial species, quantity, and potential pathogenicity assessment. Step 6: Integrate all test results, analyze the system to assess the probability of disease occurrence based on the microbial identification results, and visualize the output.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0029] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A portable soil microbiome analysis device for greenhouses used in early warning of soil-borne diseases, comprising a device housing (100), a feeding and screening mechanism (200), a detection mechanism (300), and a main control mechanism (400), characterized in that: The device housing (100) is equipped with the feeding and screening mechanism (200). The device housing (100) is equipped with a feed inlet (101) in conjunction with the feeding and screening mechanism (200). The feeding and screening mechanism (200) is used to transfer the sampled soil from the outside through the feed inlet (101) to a predetermined position and screen the soil. The detection mechanism (300) is located at the bottom of the feeding and screening mechanism (200) inside the device housing (100). The detection mechanism (300) includes a detection platform (301) and an image acquisition component (302). The detection platform (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding and screening mechanism (200). The detection platform (301) is used to collect the soil samples screened by the feeding and screening mechanism (200). The image acquisition component (302) is fixedly connected to one side of the detection platform (301). The image acquisition component (302) can acquire images of the soil samples on the detection platform (301). The device chassis (100) is also equipped with the main control mechanism (400), which works in conjunction with the image acquisition component (302) to realize intelligent analysis of the sampled soil image.

2. The portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing mechanism (300) also includes a cleaning component (303), which works in conjunction with the testing platform (301). The device housing (100) is provided with a soil discharge port (102) in conjunction with the cleaning component (303). The cleaning component (303) is used to clean the testing soil on the testing platform (301). The image acquisition component (302) includes an electron microscope (3021) and a protective component (3022) that works with the electron microscope (3021). The protective component (3022) can seal the lens of the electron microscope (3021). The electron microscope (3021) corresponds to the detection stage (301).

3. The portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding and screening mechanism (200) includes a linear motion module (201), an elastic clamping member (202), a sampling sieve frame (203), a vibration motor (204), and a baffle plate (205). The linear motion module (201) is provided inside the device housing (100). The linear motion module (201) includes a linear motion table (2011) capable of linear motion. A support platform (206) is fixedly connected to the linear motion table (2011). The elastic clamping member (202) is provided on the support platform (206). The elastic clamping member (202) clamps the sampling sieve frame (203). The vibration motor (204) is fixedly connected to the elastic clamping member (202). A drop opening (2061) is provided on the support platform (206) corresponding to the sampling sieve frame (203). The device housing (100) is fixedly connected to the baffle plate (205) on one side of the detection table (301), and the bottom surface of the support platform (206) abuts against the top surface of the baffle plate (205). The cleaning component (303) and the support platform (206) are connected by a transmission component (500), so that the cleaning component (303) can be driven to perform cleaning work when the support platform (206) moves in a straight line; The protective component (3022) and the support stage (206) cooperate through a drive component (600), so that when the support stage (206) moves linearly, it can push the protective component (3022) to protect or open the electron microscope (3021).

4. A portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linear motion module (201) also includes a motor (2012), a lead screw (2013), and a sliding column (2014). The sliding column (2014) is fixedly connected inside the device housing (100). The linear motion table (2011) is slidably connected to the sliding column (2014). The lead screw (2013) is threadedly connected to the linear motion table (2011). The motor (2012) is fixedly connected to the device housing (100). The motor (2012) is poweredly connected to the lead screw (2013).

5. A portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic clamping member (202) includes a fixed platform (2021), a first spring (2022), and a clamping platform (2023). The fixed platform (2021) is fixedly connected to both sides of the drop opening (2061) on the bearing platform (206). The clamping platform (2023) is provided on the inner side of each set of fixed platforms (2021). A guide post (2024) is fixedly connected to the clamping platform (2023). The guide post (2024) passes through the fixed platform (2021). The first spring (2022) is sleeved on the guide post (2024). One end of the first spring (2022) is fixedly connected to the fixed platform (2021), and the other end is fixedly connected to the clamping platform (2023). The sampling sieve frame (203) is clamped between the two sets of clamping platforms (2023). The vibration motor (204) is fixedly connected to the clamping platform (2023).

6. A portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning component (303) includes a reciprocating drive module (3031) and a cleaning table (3032). The reciprocating drive module (3031) is provided inside the device housing (100). The reciprocating drive module (3031) includes a drive table (3033) capable of reciprocating motion. The drive table (3033) is slidably connected to the detection table (301). The cleaning table (3032) is fixedly connected to the drive table (3033). The bottom surface of the cleaning table (3032) abuts against the detection table (301). The reciprocating drive module (3031) and the support platform (206) are connected by a power transmission component (500).

7. A portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating drive module (3031) further includes a rotating disk (3034), an eccentric shaft (3035), and a traction shaft (3036). A rotating shaft (3037) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (3034), and the rotating shaft (3037) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the baffle plate (205). The eccentric shaft (3035) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (3034), and the traction shaft (3036) is rotatably connected to the eccentric shaft (3035). A push shaft (3038) is fixedly connected to the drive platform (3033), and the end of the traction shaft (3036) is rotatably connected to the push shaft (3038). The rotating shaft (3037) and the bearing platform (206) are connected by a power transmission assembly (500).

8. A portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (500) includes a drive gear (501), a drive rack (502), a central shaft (503), a synchronous drive assembly (504), and a ratchet assembly (505). The central shaft (503) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the baffle plate (205). The central shaft (503) and the rotating shaft (3037) are connected through the synchronous drive assembly (504). The drive gear (501) is fixedly connected to the central shaft (503). The drive rack (502) is fixedly connected to the support platform (206). The drive gear (501) and the drive rack (502) cooperate so that the drive rack (502) can drive the drive gear (501) to rotate. The ratchet assembly (505) is provided on the rotating shaft (3037) at the bottom of the synchronous drive assembly (504). When the ratchet assembly (505) moves the support platform (206) toward the feed inlet (101), the rotating disk (3034) does not rotate. When the support platform (206) moves away from the feed inlet (101), the rotating disk (3034) rotates 360°.

9. A portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective component (3022) includes a fixed frame (3023), a second spring (3024), a protective baffle (3025), and a guide post (3026). The fixed frame (3023) is fixedly connected inside the device housing (100). The electron microscope (3021) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (3023). The guide post (3026) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (3023). The protective baffle (3025) is slidably connected to the guide post (3026). The second spring (3024) is sleeved on the guide post (3026). One end of the second spring (3024) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (3023), and the other end is fixedly connected to the protective baffle (3025). The protective baffle (3025) can seal the lens of the electron microscope (3021). The driving component (600) is a pusher block, which cooperates with the protective baffle (3025). When the support platform (206) moves toward the feed inlet (101), the protective baffle (3025) moves away from the electron microscope (3021). When the support platform (206) moves away from the feed inlet (101), the driving component (600) pushes the protective baffle (3025) toward the electron microscope (3021).

10. A portable greenhouse soil microbiome analysis device for early warning of soil-borne diseases according to claim 3, wherein an analysis method is provided, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect greenhouse soil samples by placing the soil samples on the sampling sieve frame (203) of the device; Step 2: The linear motion module (201) drives the sampling sieve frame to a predetermined position inside the device housing (100), and the vibration motor (204) drives the sampling sieve frame (203) to vibrate, so that the soil on the sampling sieve frame (203) falls onto the detection platform (301) at the bottom. Step 3: The electron microscope (3021) scans the soil on the detection platform (301), captures high-definition microbial images, and automatically uploads the images to the analysis system of the main control device; Step four: Clean the soil on the testing platform (301) using the cleaning component (303), and repeat steps two and three; Step 5: After multiple iterations, the analysis system performs noise reduction, enhancement, and segmentation on each group of images to highlight the microbial targets. Then, it calls the pre-trained decision tree classification model to initially classify the microorganisms. Finally, it uses a convolutional neural network model to accurately identify specific pathogenic microorganisms and outputs the microbial species, quantity, and potential pathogenicity assessment. Step 6: Integrate all test results, analyze the system to assess the probability of disease occurrence based on the microbial identification results, and visualize the output.

Images