Preparation method of solid waste ceramsite for sealing carbon dioxide

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of solid waste ceramsite for sequestration of carbon dioxide, and relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide absorption and sequestration. The preparation method of the solid waste ceramsite for sequestration of carbon dioxide comprises the following steps: S1, raw material preparation; S2, granulation; S3, firing; S4, surface modification; the preparation method comprises the following steps: chemically modifying ceramsite by adopting amino silane, reacting at 60 DEG C for 4 hours, cleaning with deionized water, and drying at 80 DEG C; performance tests show that the modified solid waste ceramsite is beneficial to adsorption of carbon dioxide, and after the solid waste ceramsite is physically mixed with a certain proportion of zeolite, when the mass ratio of the ceramsite to the zeolite is 3: 1, the adsorption effect of the carbon dioxide can be further improved; when the addition amount is 3% of the mass of the raw materials, the carbon dioxide sealing performance of the ceramsite is remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a carbon dioxide absorption and storage technology field, in particular to a preparation method of solid waste ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide. BACKGROUND

[0002] Carbon negative is a real solution to global climate change, not only eliminating all CO2 produced in production and life, but also consuming a large amount of existing CO2, and needs to convert and store carbon dioxide to avoid leakage and secondary escape of carbon dioxide. The key point of realizing carbon negative industry and carbon negative economy lies in system technological innovation. A carbon negative industrial economy is established, which is composed of three parts of carbon absorption, carbon emission reduction and carbon utilization. At present, the carbon removal technology in the global range cannot meet the requirement of net carbon (carbon negative) through the whole life cycle analysis, the cost of treating carbon dioxide is greater than or equal to 600 $ / t, the direct income of investment in carbon dioxide removal is negative, and the commercial promotion of large-scale carbon dioxide removal is limited.

[0003] Large-scale storage and fixation of CO2 is the main way of CO2 emission reduction, including geological storage, ocean storage and mineral fixation. Mineral fixation refers to the process that CO2 reacts with ore or solid waste containing alkaline or alkaline earth metal elements to generate permanent and more stable carbonates, which simulates the process of mineral absorption of CO2 in nature. The mineral ore raw material available for fixing CO2 on the earth is far more than the reserves of fossil energy, so the CO2 emitted by human beings can be completely absorbed by minerals.

[0004] In the research and application of solid waste ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide, the following several kinds are common: fly ash ceramsite: fly ash is a solid waste discharged by a thermal power plant, which has certain potential for being made into ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide, slag ceramsite: slag is a waste residue produced by ore smelting, building waste ceramsite: made of waste concrete, bricks and the like generated in the building demolition process, industrial waste slag ceramsite: such as waste slag of a steel plant and waste slag of a chemical plant, etc., which is converted into ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide through reasonable treatment and formula design, the existing solid waste ceramsite has the following defects: 1: although the solid waste ceramsite can store a certain amount of carbon dioxide, the storage capacity is still relatively small relative to the overall carbon dioxide emission scale; 2: if not properly handled in the preparation and use of the ceramsite, new pollutants may be generated or other negative effects may be caused to the environment. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the defects of the prior art, the application provides a preparation method of solid waste ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide, which solves the problems of carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency and cycle stability.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of solid waste ceramsite for carbon dioxide sequestration, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: raw material preparation

[0008] Select solid waste rich in calcium and magnesium alkaline earth metal elements, such as coal ash powder, and carry out fine grinding and screening to ensure uniform particle size;

[0009] S2: granulation

[0010] Mix the pretreated solid waste with an appropriate amount of water, and make ceramsite particles through a granulator or other forming equipment;

[0011] S3: firing

[0012] Put the ceramsite particles into the kiln for firing, control the firing temperature and time, higher temperature may cause excessive fusion of pores, and lower temperature may not form enough pores, multi-stage calcination process can be used to gradually change the temperature and atmosphere conditions, and optimize the pore structure;

[0013] S4: surface modification

[0014] Surface modification treatment is performed on the fired ceramsite, such as using plasma treatment or chemical grafting method to increase the surface functional groups and improve the affinity with carbon dioxide;

[0015] S5: use of additives

[0016] Add nano-sized metal oxides such as nano-magnesium oxide to improve the reaction activity; incorporate organic amine compounds to promote carbon dioxide adsorption and chemical stability;

[0017] S6: composite other materials

[0018] Composite the solid waste ceramsite with materials with high adsorption performance (such as activated carbon, zeolite) to play a synergistic effect.

[0019] Preferably, the step S1 dries the solid waste to remove moisture, controls the moisture content within a certain range, usually below 5%, to ensure the stability and accuracy of subsequent processing, breaks and grinds the waste particles to a proper size, and the particle size should be between 100 mesh and 200 mesh to increase the reaction activity and uniformity.

[0020] Preferably, the step S2 adopts rolling granulation method, selects water glass as binder, the addition amount is 5%, the moisture content is controlled at 15%, and the rotation speed of the granulator is continuously adjusted to successfully prepare ceramsite particles with particle size of 8mm-15mm and approximately spherical shape.

[0021] Preferably, the step S3 controls the calcination temperature at 800 DEG C, and maintains the carbon dioxide partial pressure at 0.2 MPa.

[0022] Preferably, the step S4 uses amino silane to chemically modify the ceramsite, reacts for 4 hours at 60 DEG C, then is cleaned with deionized water and dried at 80 DEG C.

[0023] Preferably, the step S5 adds nano magnesium oxide in the ceramsite preparation, determines the adding amount as 3% of the raw material mass, and the carbon dioxide storage performance of the ceramsite is significantly improved.

[0024] Preferably, the step S6 is that the mass ratio of the ceramsite to the zeolite is 3:1.

[0025] The application provides a preparation method of a solid waste ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide.

[0026] 1. The application uses amino silane to chemically modify the ceramsite, reacts for 4 hours at 60 DEG C, then is cleaned with deionized water and dried at 80 DEG C. Through performance test, it is found that the modified solid waste ceramsite is beneficial to carbon dioxide adsorption.

[0027] 2. The application mixes the solid waste ceramsite with a certain proportion of zeolite, and finds that when the mass ratio of the ceramsite to the zeolite is 3:1, the carbon dioxide adsorption effect can be further improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0029] Embodiment one:

[0030] The application provides a preparation method of a solid waste ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1: raw material preparation

[0032] Solid waste rich in calcium, magnesium and alkali earth metal elements, such as coal ash powder, is selected and finely ground and screened to ensure uniform particle size.

[0033] Coal ash powder reacts with carbon dioxide: CaOCO2→ CaCO3 179 kJ / mol,

[0034] MgOCO2→ MgCO3 118 kJ / mol,

[0035] CaSiO3 CO2→ CaCO3 SiO2 90 kJ / mol,

[0036] Mg2SiO4 2CO2→ 2MgCO3 SiO2 89 kJ / mol;

[0037] S2: Granulation

[0038] Mix the pretreated solid waste with an appropriate amount of water, and pass it through a granulator or other molding equipment to make ceramsite particles;

[0039] S3: Firing

[0040] Put the ceramsite particles into the kiln for firing, control the firing temperature and time, higher temperature may cause excessive fusion of pores, and lower temperature may not form enough pores, multi-stage calcination process can be used to gradually change the temperature and atmosphere conditions to optimize the pore structure;

[0041] S4: Surface modification

[0042] Surface modification treatment is performed on the fired ceramsite, such as using plasma treatment or chemical grafting method to increase the surface functional groups and improve the affinity with carbon dioxide;

[0043] S5: Use of additives

[0044] Add nano-sized metal oxides such as nano-magnesium oxide to improve the reaction activity, and incorporate organic amine compounds to promote carbon dioxide adsorption and chemical stability;

[0045] The small particles of nano-magnesium oxide can provide more active sites to enhance the interaction between ceramsite and carbon dioxide, and organic amine compounds such as ethanolamine and diethanolamine have good carbon dioxide adsorption performance;

[0046] Nano-magnesium oxide reacts with carbon dioxide: MgO + CO2→ MgCO3;

[0047] S6: Composite other materials

[0048] Composite solid waste ceramsite with high adsorption performance materials such as activated carbon and zeolite to play a synergistic effect;

[0049] The high adsorption capacity of activated carbon is combined with the structural stability of ceramsite, and the special pore structure of zeolite is complementary to the pores of ceramsite, thereby creating a composite material with more excellent performance and playing a greater role in carbon dioxide capture and treatment. Under specific experimental conditions, 100-200 kg of carbon dioxide can be sequestered per ton.

[0050] Step S1: drying treatment is performed on the solid waste to remove moisture, and the moisture content is controlled within a certain range, usually below 5%, to ensure the stability and accuracy of subsequent processing, and the waste particles are refined to an appropriate size, and the particle size should be 150 mesh, to increase the reactivity and uniformity.

[0051] Step S2: a rolling granulation method is used, water glass is selected as the binder, the addition amount is 5%, the moisture content is controlled to be 15%, and the rotational speed of the granulator is continuously adjusted to successfully prepare ceramsite particles with a particle size of 8 mm and a shape close to a sphere.

[0052] Step S3: the calcination temperature is controlled to be 800 DEG C, and the carbon dioxide partial pressure is maintained at 0.2 MPa.

[0053] Step S4: the ceramsite is chemically modified by using amino silane, and the reaction is carried out at 45 DEG C for 4 hours, then the ceramsite is washed with deionized water and dried at 80 DEG C.

[0054] The reaction of amino silane with carbon dioxide is: 2R-NH2+CO2→R-NH-CO-NH-R+H2O.

[0055] Step S5: nano-magnesium oxide is added in the preparation of ceramsite, and when the addition amount is 3% of the mass of the raw material, the carbon dioxide sequestration performance of the ceramsite is significantly improved, and the nano-magnesium oxide is uniformly distributed in the ceramsite by ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes.

[0056] Step S6: when the mass ratio of ceramsite to zeolite is 3:1,

[0057] Zeolite also has good adsorption effect on carbon dioxide. Zeolite is an aluminosilicate mineral, which is very porous. The zeolite foam formed by combining fine zeolite particles with gelatin and cellulose not only has very effective adsorption effect on carbon dioxide, but also has the characteristics of lightness, cheapness and durability, and can be reused multiple times after removing the captured carbon dioxide.

[0058] Example two:

[0059] The preparation method of the solid waste ceramsite for sequestering carbon dioxide provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1: raw material preparation

[0061] Solid waste rich in calcium, magnesium and alkaline earth metals, such as coal ash powder, is selected and finely ground and screened to ensure uniform particle size.

[0062] S2: Granulation

[0063] The pretreated solid waste is mixed with an appropriate amount of water and formed into ceramsite particles through a granulator or other molding equipment.

[0064] S3: Firing

[0065] The ceramsite particles are placed in a kiln for firing, with the firing temperature and time controlled. Higher temperatures can cause excessive fusion of pores, while lower temperatures can not form enough pores. A multi-stage calcination process can be used to gradually change the temperature and atmosphere conditions to optimize the pore structure.

[0066] S4: Surface modification

[0067] The fired ceramsite is subjected to surface modification treatment, such as plasma treatment or chemical grafting, to increase the surface functional groups and improve the affinity for carbon dioxide.

[0068] S5: Use of additives

[0069] Nano-sized metal oxides, such as nano-magnesium oxide, are added to improve the reactivity, and organic amine compounds are incorporated to promote carbon dioxide adsorption and chemical stability.

[0070] S6: Composite other materials

[0071] The solid waste ceramsite is compounded with materials with high adsorption performance, such as activated carbon and zeolite, to play a synergistic effect.

[0072] Step S1: Drying of solid waste

[0073] Step S2: Rolling granulation method is used, with water glass as the binder, with an addition amount of 5%, and the moisture content is controlled at 15%. The speed of the granulator is continuously adjusted to successfully prepare ceramsite particles with a particle size of 15mm and a shape similar to a sphere.

[0074] Step S3: The calcination temperature is controlled at 800℃, and the carbon dioxide partial pressure is maintained at 0.2MPa.

[0075] Step S4: Aminosilane is used for chemical modification of the ceramsite, with a reaction time of 4 hours at 60℃, followed by washing with deionized water and drying at 80℃.

[0076] Step S5 adds nano-magnesium oxide in the process of ceramsite preparation, and when the added amount is 3% of the mass of raw materials, the carbon dioxide storage performance of the ceramsite is significantly improved, and the nano-magnesium oxide is uniformly distributed in the ceramsite by ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes.

[0077] Step S6 is when the mass ratio of ceramsite to zeolite is 3:1.

[0078] Example Three:

[0079] The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of solid waste ceramsite for storing carbon dioxide, comprising the following steps:

[0080] S1: raw material preparation

[0081] The solid waste rich in calcium and magnesium alkaline earth metal elements, such as coal ash powder, is selected and finely ground and screened to ensure uniform particle size;

[0082] Traditional carbon dioxide adsorption material preparation may more depend on pure chemical reagents or natural minerals, etc., and the use of solid waste not only reduces the cost, but also solves the environmental problem of waste disposal, realizes the reuse of resources, and uniform particle size can ensure the consistency of the structure of the ceramsite in the granulation process, so that the pore distribution in the ceramsite is more uniform, which is beneficial to improve the carbon dioxide adsorption performance;

[0083] S2: granulation

[0084] The pretreated solid waste is mixed with an appropriate amount of water, and ceramsite particles are prepared by a granulator or other forming equipment;

[0085] This granulation method by a specific device can accurately control the shape and size of the ceramsite, and compared with some irregular forming methods, the physical structure of the ceramsite can be better planned, thereby laying a foundation for the formation of pore structure in the subsequent firing process;

[0086] S3: firing

[0087] The ceramsite particles are placed in a kiln for firing, and the firing temperature and time are controlled; higher temperature may cause excessive fusion of pores, and lower temperature may not form enough pores; a multi-stage calcination process can be used to gradually change the temperature and atmosphere conditions to optimize the pore structure;

[0088] The multi-stage calcination process can accurately optimize the pore structure by gradually changing the temperature and atmosphere conditions, so that the ceramsite has more pores of suitable size, thereby improving the carbon dioxide adsorption capacity;

[0089] S4: surface modification

[0090] After the ceramic is fired, surface modification treatment is performed, such as plasma treatment or chemical grafting, to increase the surface functional groups and improve the affinity with carbon dioxide;

[0091] Compared with the traditional ceramic that is not subjected to surface modification, this treatment enhances the adsorption capacity of the ceramic for carbon dioxide from the chemical level, and is an innovative means to improve the adsorption performance;

[0092] S5: Use of additives

[0093] Nano-sized metal oxides, such as nano-sized magnesium oxide, are added to improve the reactivity, and organic amine compounds are incorporated to promote the adsorption and chemical stability of carbon dioxide;

[0094] This combination of different types and functions of additives is innovative, and the nano-sized additives can better interact with the ceramic and carbon dioxide at the microscopic level, and the incorporation of organic amine compounds further improves the stability of carbon dioxide after adsorption, and the synergistic effect significantly improves the overall carbon dioxide adsorption performance of the ceramic;

[0095] S6: Composite other materials

[0096] Solid waste ceramic is combined with materials with high adsorption performance, such as activated carbon and zeolite, to achieve synergistic effect;

[0097] Activated carbon and zeolite have strong adsorption capacity, and when combined with solid waste ceramic subjected to the above series of treatments, they can achieve synergistic effect. This composite structure can work together under different adsorption mechanisms, and the adsorption effect is better than that of single material, further improving the adsorption capacity for carbon dioxide.

[0098] Step S1: Dry the solid waste to remove moisture, control the moisture content within a certain range, usually below 5%, to ensure the stability and accuracy of subsequent processing, and crush and grind the waste particles to appropriate size, with particle size of 150 mesh, to increase the reactivity and uniformity.

[0099] Step S2: Use rolling granulation method, select water glass as binder, add amount of 5%, control moisture content of 15%, and continuously adjust the speed of the granulator to successfully prepare ceramic particles with particle size of 8mm and approximately spherical shape.

[0100] Step S3: Control the calcination temperature at 800℃, and maintain the carbon dioxide partial pressure at 0.2MPa.

[0101] Step S4: Use amino silane to chemically modify the ceramic, react at 45℃ for 4 hours, then wash with deionized water and dry at 80℃.

[0102] Step S5 adds nano-magnesium oxide in the process of manufacturing the ceramsite, and it is determined that when the added amount is 3% of the mass of the raw material, the carbon dioxide storage performance of the ceramsite is significantly improved, and at the same time, the nano-magnesium oxide is uniformly distributed in the ceramsite by using the ultrasonic dispersion method for 30 minutes.

[0103] Step S6 is that when the mass ratio of the ceramsite to the zeolite is 3:1;

[0104] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing solid waste ceramic particles for carbon dioxide sequestration, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Raw Material Preparation Select solid wastes rich in calcium, magnesium, alkaline earth metals, such as coal ash, and perform fine grinding and screening to ensure uniform particle size. S2: Granulation The pretreated solid waste is mixed with an appropriate amount of water and then processed into ceramsite pellets using a granulator or other molding equipment. S3: Firing The ceramsite particles are placed in a kiln for firing. The firing temperature and time are controlled. Higher temperatures may cause the pores to fuse excessively, while lower temperatures may not be able to form enough pores. A multi-stage calcination process can be used to gradually change the temperature and atmosphere conditions to optimize the pore structure. S4: Surface Modification Surface modification treatment is carried out on the fired ceramsite, such as by using plasma treatment or chemical grafting, to increase surface functional groups and improve the affinity with carbon dioxide. S5: Use of Additives Adding nanoscale metal oxides, such as nano-magnesium oxide, enhances reactivity; incorporating organic amine compounds promotes carbon dioxide adsorption and chemical stability. S6: Composite materials Solid waste ceramic particles are combined with materials with high adsorption properties (such as activated carbon and zeolite) to achieve synergistic effects.

2. The method for preparing carbon dioxide-encapsulating solid waste ceramic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 involves drying the solid waste to remove moisture and control the moisture content within a certain range, typically below 5%, to ensure the stability and accuracy of subsequent processing. The waste is then crushed and ground to refine the particles to an appropriate size, with a particle size between 100 and 200 mesh, to increase reactivity and uniformity.

3. The method for preparing carbon dioxide-encapsulating solid waste ceramic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 employs a rolling granulation method, using water glass as a binder at a dosage of 5%, controlling the moisture content at 15%, and by continuously adjusting the rotation speed of the granulator, successfully preparing ceramsite particles with a particle size between 8mm and 15mm and a shape approximately spherical.

4. The method for preparing carbon dioxide-encapsulating solid waste ceramic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the calcination temperature is controlled at 800℃, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is maintained at 0.2MPa.

5. The method for preparing carbon dioxide-encapsulating solid waste ceramic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, aminosilane is used to chemically modify the ceramsite. The reaction is carried out at 60°C for 4 hours, then washed with deionized water and dried at 80°C.

6. The method for preparing carbon dioxide-encapsulating solid waste ceramic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, nano-magnesium oxide is added to the ceramsite preparation. When the addition amount is determined to be 3% of the raw material mass, the carbon dioxide sequestration performance of the ceramsite is significantly improved. At the same time, ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes is used to ensure that the nano-magnesium oxide is evenly distributed in the ceramsite.

7. The method for preparing carbon dioxide-encapsulating solid waste ceramic particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the mass ratio of ceramsite to zeolite is 3:1.