Tunnel inverted arch trestle construction equipment

Abstract

The invention provides tunnel inverted arch trestle construction equipment, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment. The tunnel inverted arch trestle construction equipment comprises a trestle, an arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device is arranged at the front end of the trestle, the rear end of the trestle is connected with a rear slope bridge, the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device is provided with an independent walking mechanism, and a main body part of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device is located on the front side of the trestle. The arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device comprises a front slope bridge and a transition bridge connecting the front slope bridge and the trestle bridge, the rear portion of the transition bridge and the front portion of the trestle bridge are provided with an overlapping part, the overlapping part can relatively slide front and back, and the maximum length of the overlapping part is larger than the single excavation stroke of forward excavation of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device. The arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device can conduct excavation forwards without the help of a feeding driving piece connected to the trestle, the problems that stability is poor and trestle supporting is not stable due to the fact that the feeding driving piece is used are solved, the transition bridge and the trestle are always kept in the connection state in the excavation process, and the normal traffic function is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a tunnel arch bridge construction equipment, belonging to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The unique geographical environment and climate conditions of high-altitude areas are prone to extreme low temperatures and seasonal freeze-thaw cycles, leading to problems such as poor structural stability, insufficient durability, and frequent frost heave damage in traditional tunnel construction. Many completed tunnels located in high-altitude and cold regions have suffered from a series of defects due to water leakage and frost heave, including mud pumping in the invert arch, lining cracking, floor bulging, and even encroachment, placing a great burden on railway operation safety.

[0003] To address the issues of tunnel frost damage and winter drainage, the installation of deep-buried central drainage ditches has become an effective measure adopted in the design and construction of tunnels in high-altitude and cold regions in recent years. This has essentially eliminated frost damage and safety hazards during operation. Therefore, many high-altitude railways incorporate the deep-buried drainage ditch construction process before the construction of arch bridges.

[0004] Traditional deep-buried trench and invert arch excavation methods employ blasting, resulting in excessive over-excavation, significant disturbance to the surrounding rock, and severe impacts on worker safety and construction efficiency. Furthermore, traditional excavation requires prolonged road closures, severely restricting vehicle access to the excavation face and significantly limiting excavation operations. Additionally, the removal of slag from deep-buried trenches is challenging, typically requiring backfilling after blasting and slag removal concurrently with invert arch construction, increasing the construction process and severely hindering project progress.

[0005] In response, Chinese invention patent application CN115898443A discloses a trestle system for arch-bottom surrounding rock construction. This trestle system is proposed to solve various problems encountered when constructing deep-buried trenches using the drill-and-blast method. It includes a trestle with an arch-bottom surrounding rock construction mechanism installed at its front end or front part. The trestle is equipped with a longitudinal movement mechanism, a pitching and swinging mechanism, a lateral movement mechanism, a horizontal rotation mechanism, and a lateral swinging mechanism, enabling the arch-bottom surrounding rock construction mechanism to have multi-dimensional movement. Specifically, the longitudinal movement mechanism includes a longitudinal movement base slidably mounted on the trestle and a feed drive component for moving the longitudinal movement base back and forth. The arch-bottom surrounding rock construction mechanism is connected to and follows the longitudinal movement base. Through the driving action of the feed drive component, the arch-bottom surrounding rock construction mechanism moves back and forth relative to the trestle to complete the arch-bottom surrounding rock construction operation. In addition, the front end of the trestle is connected to a front slope bridge that can swing up and down, and the rear end of the trestle is usually connected to a rear slope bridge that can swing up and down. When the front slope bridge and the rear slope bridge are in the upward swinging state, the trestle system can be moved back and forth. When the front slope bridge and the rear slope bridge are in the downward swinging state, vehicles can pass normally and the arch bottom surrounding rock construction and invert arch construction can be carried out under the trestle bridge.

[0006] The aforementioned feed drive components are specifically telescopic hydraulic cylinders, telescopic pneumatic cylinders, or telescopic electric cylinders. These feed drive components connect the longitudinal base and the trestle bridge, providing power for the forward excavation of the arch-bottom surrounding rock construction mechanism. On the one hand, because the trestle bridge needs to provide reaction force, it is prone to instability in its support; on the other hand, because the trestle bridge cannot move forward when the concrete reaches a certain strength, the forward excavation stroke of the arch-bottom surrounding rock construction mechanism depends entirely on the stroke of the feed drive component. To meet the excavation stroke requirements of the arch-bottom surrounding rock, a feed drive component with a large stroke is needed. This also leads to insufficient rigidity of the feed drive component, making it prone to deformation and resulting in poor stability during use. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel arch trestle construction device to solve the problems in the prior art where the feed drive unit connected between the longitudinal base and the trestle provides power for the forward excavation of the arch bottom surrounding rock construction mechanism, which easily leads to unstable trestle support and deformation of the feed drive unit, resulting in poor stability in use.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A tunnel invert arch trestle construction device includes a trestle, with an arch bottom rock excavation device installed at the front end of the trestle and a swingable rear slope bridge connected to the rear end of the trestle. The arch bottom rock excavation device is equipped with an independent walking mechanism. The main body of the arch bottom rock excavation device is located on the front side of the trestle. The arch bottom rock excavation device includes a swingable front slope bridge and a horizontally arranged transition bridge to connect the front slope bridge and the trestle. A telescopic bridge structure that can extend and retract forward and backward is provided at the rear of the transition bridge or the front of the trestle, or the rear of the transition bridge and the front of the trestle have an overlapping part and the overlapping part can slide relative to each other forward and backward. The extension stroke of the telescopic bridge structure or the maximum length of the overlapping part is greater than the single excavation stroke of the arch bottom rock excavation device.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This invention is an improved invention, which further limits the specific setting of the arch bottom rock excavation device. The main body of the arch bottom rock excavation device is located on the front side of the trestle bridge. The arch bottom rock excavation device includes a front slope bridge that can swing up and down and a horizontally arranged transition bridge to connect the front slope bridge and the trestle bridge. That is, in this invention, the arch bottom rock excavation device is set further forward. The front slope bridge is no longer connected to the trestle bridge, but is part of the arch bottom rock excavation device. At the same time, the arch bottom rock excavation device also includes a horizontally arranged transition bridge to connect the front slope bridge and the trestle bridge. Thus, combined with the rear slope bridge at the rear end of the trestle bridge, it ensures that normal traffic can be achieved while the trestle bridge construction equipment is fixed.

[0010] Meanwhile, the present invention provides an independent walking mechanism for the arch bottom rock excavation device. The arch bottom rock excavation device can excavate forward independently using its own walking mechanism without relying on the feed drive component connected to the trestle. This avoids the problems of deformation and poor stability caused by using the feed drive component. In addition, the trestle does not bear the reaction force, thus avoiding the problem of unstable support of the trestle.

[0011] Meanwhile, the rear of the transition bridge or the front of the trestle is equipped with a telescopic bridge structure that can extend and retract forward and backward, or the rear of the transition bridge and the front of the trestle have an overlapping part that can slide relative to each other. The extension stroke of the telescopic bridge structure or the maximum length of the overlapping part is greater than the single excavation stroke of the arch bottom rock excavation device. In this way, when the arch bottom rock excavation device is excavating forward, the extension of the telescopic bridge structure or the length of the overlapping part can ensure that the transition bridge is always connected to the trestle, thereby ensuring that the trestle construction equipment can be opened to traffic as long as the front slope bridge and the rear slope bridge are in the lowered state.

[0012] Furthermore, the rear of the transition bridge has an overlapping section that connects to the trestle bridge, and the overlapping section constitutes the overlapping part of the transition bridge.

[0013] Furthermore, the rear end of the transition bridge is provided with an inclined rear guide surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the rear end of the front slope bridge is located below the front end of the transition bridge, and the front end of the transition bridge is provided with an inclined front guide surface.

[0015] Furthermore, the trestle bridge includes two main bridge decks arranged at left and right intervals, and the transition bridge includes two transition bridge decks arranged at left and right intervals, with the interval between the two transition bridge decks corresponding to and connected to the interval between the two main bridge decks.

[0016] Furthermore, the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device is also equipped with a scraper conveyor for lifting and transporting the excavated slag to the dump trucks parked on the trestle. The scraper conveyor is positioned to correspond to the interval between the two transition bridge plates and the interval between the two main bridge plates. The scraper conveyor has a working position with the slag discharge end located above the interval for discharging slag into the dump truck, and also has a clearance position that allows it to fall to the trestle for normal traffic flow via the interval. The scraper conveyor is equipped with a control mechanism to control its switching between the working position and the clearance position.

[0017] Furthermore, the scraper conveyor includes a swinging muck-carrying section capable of swinging up and down to switch the scraper conveyor between a working position and a clearance position, and the control mechanism is a telescopic power control mechanism hinged between the frame of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device and the swinging muck-carrying section.

[0018] Furthermore, the scraper conveyor also includes a fixed slag conveying section fixedly installed on the frame. The fixed slag conveying section is located in front of the swing slag conveying section and gradually tilts backward from bottom to top. The front end of the swing slag conveying section is hinged to the rear end of the fixed slag conveying section.

[0019] Furthermore, the hinged joint between the swing slag transport section and the fixed slag transport section is located between two transition bridge plates.

[0020] Furthermore, the walking mechanism is a tracked walking mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the tunnel arch bridge construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the front end of the tunnel arch trestle and the surrounding rock excavation device at the bottom of the arch in the embodiment of the tunnel arch trestle construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the excavation device for the front end of the tunnel arch trestle bridge and the surrounding rock at the bottom of the arch in the embodiment of the tunnel arch trestle bridge construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the pouring system in the embodiment of the tunnel arch bridge construction equipment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the rear end of the trestle in the embodiment of the tunnel arch trestle construction equipment of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 100, Arch bottom rock excavation device; 101, Cutting arm; 102, Excavation boom; 103, First hydraulic cylinder; 104, Second hydraulic cylinder; 105, Scraper conveyor; 1051, Swinging muck conveying section; 1052, Fixed muck conveying section; 106, Front slope bridge; 107, Transition bridge plate; 1071, Rear guide face; 1072, Front guide face; 108, Frame; 109, Third hydraulic cylinder; 110, Star wheel muck collection mechanism; 111, Tracked walking mechanism; 112, Fourth hydraulic cylinder; 20 0. Trestle; 201. Main bridge deck; 202. Support device; 203. Hydraulic outrigger; 204. Drive wheel; 205. Rear slope bridge; 206. Fifth hydraulic cylinder; 207. Sprinkler system; 300. Pouring system; 301. Pouring boom; 3011. Slewing base; 3012. Pouring boom; 3013. Intermediate boom; 3014. Steering boom; 3015. Pouring pipe; 302. Pouring formwork; 303. Formwork hoisting device; 400. Reinforcing cage binding area; 500. Dump truck. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the basic concept of this invention is to equip the arch bottom rock excavation device with an independent walking mechanism, which can excavate forward without the need for a feed drive component connected to a trestle. Furthermore, the main body of the arch bottom rock excavation device is located on the front side of the trestle, and a front slope bridge and a transition bridge connecting the front slope bridge and the trestle are provided on the arch bottom rock excavation device. At the same time, a telescopic bridge structure that can extend and retract forward and backward is provided at the rear of the transition bridge or the front of the trestle, or the rear of the transition bridge and the front of the trestle have an overlapping part. The extension and retraction stroke of the telescopic bridge structure or the maximum length of the overlapping part ensures that the transition bridge and the trestle remain connected when the arch bottom rock excavation device excavates forward, thereby ensuring the normal traffic function of the trestle construction equipment.

[0024] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0025] Implementation method of the tunnel arch bridge construction equipment in this invention: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tunnel arch trestle construction equipment includes a trestle 200, a rear slope bridge 205 that can swing up and down connected to the rear end of the trestle 200, and an arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 set at the front end of the trestle 200.

[0026] The arch base rock excavation device 100 includes an excavation mechanism for excavating the arch base rock. The device is equipped with an independent walking mechanism; in this embodiment, the walking mechanism is a tracked walking mechanism 111, but in other embodiments, it can be a wheeled walking mechanism. The arch base rock excavation device 100 excavates forward independently using its own walking mechanism, without the need for a feed drive connected to a trestle bridge. This avoids the problems of feed drive deformation and poor stability that can occur with feed drives. Furthermore, the trestle bridge 200 does not bear reaction force during the forward movement of the arch base rock excavation device 100, preventing instability of the trestle bridge 200's support.

[0027] In this invention, the main body of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 is located in front of the trestle bridge 200, facilitating the arrangement of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100, its independent forward movement, and the excavation operation of the excavation mechanism. The arch bottom rock excavation device 100 includes a front slope bridge 106 that can swing up and down and a horizontally arranged transition bridge connecting the front slope bridge 106 and the trestle bridge 200. The transition bridge includes two horizontally spaced transition bridge plates 107. Compared with the prior art, in this invention, the arch bottom rock excavation device is positioned further forward. The front slope bridge is no longer connected to the trestle bridge but is part of the arch bottom rock excavation device. Therefore, a transition bridge is provided to connect the front slope bridge 106 and the trestle bridge 200, ensuring normal traffic flow while the tunnel invert arch trestle bridge construction equipment remains stationary.

[0028] Specifically, the excavation mechanism in this embodiment includes an excavation boom 102 connected to the frame 108 of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 and a cutting arm 101 connected to the excavation boom 102. The excavation boom 102 and the cutting arm 101 are located at the front end of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100. A second hydraulic cylinder 104 for controlling the height of the excavation boom 102 is hinged between the excavation boom 102 and the frame 108. A first hydraulic cylinder 103 for controlling the angle of the cutting arm 101 is hinged between the cutting arm 101 and the excavation boom 102. The specific structure of the cutting arm 101 can adopt existing technology, such as having a cutting head or cutting roller at the end, which will not be described in detail in this invention. In other embodiments, the excavation mechanism can also be an excavator arm or a muck loader arm.

[0029] The rear end of the front slope bridge 106 is hinged to the frame 108, with the hinge position located above the hinge position between the excavation boom 102 and the frame 108, and also at the front end of the transition bridge plate 107 for docking. A fourth hydraulic cylinder 112 is hinged between the front slope bridge 106 and the frame 108 to control the up-and-down swing of the front end of the front slope bridge 106. When the excavation mechanism is performing excavation operations, the front slope bridge 106 is in an upward swinging state to provide sufficient working space for the excavation mechanism. When the excavation mechanism stops working and the trestle construction equipment needs to be open to traffic, the front slope bridge 106 is in a lowered state, with its front end resting on the surrounding rock on the front side of the work area, allowing vehicles to pass together with the transition bridge plate 107, the trestle bridge 200, and the lowered rear slope bridge 205.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the rear end of the front ramp 106 is located below the front end of the transition bridge 107. The front end of the transition bridge 107 is provided with an inclined front guide surface 1072, so that vehicles can travel from the transition bridge 107 onto the front ramp 106, or from the front ramp 106 onto the transition bridge 107. In other embodiments, the rear end of the front ramp 106 and the front end of the transition bridge 107 can be at the same height. In this case, it is not necessary to provide a front guide surface 1072 on the transition bridge 107. Of course, in order to ensure that the front ramp 106 can swing up and down smoothly, there is a certain gap between the rear end of the front ramp 106 and the front end of the transition bridge 107 that does not affect the normal passage of vehicles.

[0031] In this invention, the rear part of the transition bridge and the front part of the trestle bridge have an overlapping portion, and the overlapping portion can slide relative to each other. The maximum length of the overlapping portion is greater than the single excavation stroke of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100. Thus, when the arch bottom rock excavation device is excavating forward, the gradual reduction in the length of the overlapping portion ensures that the transition bridge remains connected to the trestle bridge 200. This ensures that the trestle bridge construction equipment can operate normally as long as the front slope bridge 106 and the rear slope bridge 205 are in the lowered state. When the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 is stationary and the trestle bridge 200 moves forward, the length of the overlapping portion gradually increases to prepare for the next excavation by the arch bottom rock excavation device 100.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the rear of the transition bridge has an overlapping section that connects to the trestle 200. The trestle 200 includes two main bridge plates 201 arranged parallel to each other, and the gap between the two transition bridge plates 107 corresponds to the gap between the two main bridge plates 201. The rear parts of the two transition bridge plates 107 overlap the corresponding main bridge plates 201, and the overlapping sections of the transition bridge plates 107 constitute the overlapping part of the transition bridge. This structure is relatively simple and achieves the connection between the transition bridge plates 107 and the main bridge plates 201 in the simplest way, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0033] Furthermore, the rear end of the transition bridge plate 107 is provided with an inclined rear guide surface 1071, so that vehicles can travel from the transition bridge plate 107 to the main bridge plate 201, or from the main bridge plate 201 to the transition bridge plate 107. In other embodiments, even if the transition bridge plate 107 overlaps the main bridge plate 201, the rear end of the transition bridge plate 107 may not be provided with the rear guide surface 1071. In other embodiments, the transition bridge plate 107 may also be located below the main bridge plate 201, that is, the main bridge plate 201 overlaps the transition bridge plate 107. In this case, a guide slope can be provided at the front end of the main bridge plate 201. In other embodiments, one of the transition bridge plate 107 and the main bridge plate 201 is provided with a slot, and the other is inserted into the slot, so that there is an overlapping part between the two and the overlapping part can slide back and forth relative to each other.

[0034] In other embodiments, the transition bridge plate 107 and the main bridge plate 201 may not be in an overlapping or plug-in relationship, but rather a telescopic bridge structure that can extend and retract forward and backward is provided at the rear of the transition bridge or the front of the trestle. For example, a chamber is provided in the rear of the two transition bridge plates 107, and a telescopic bridge plate is provided in the chamber. The telescopic bridge plate and the transition bridge plate 107 form a nested structure. The rear end of the telescopic bridge plate can be directly connected to the main bridge plate 201, and the telescopic bridge plate is connected to a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, telescopic pneumatic cylinder, or electric push rod to control its extension or retraction into the chamber. When the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 excavates forward, the telescopic bridge plate extends backward in accordance with the excavation speed of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100, so that the transition bridge plate 107 and the main bridge plate 201 always remain connected.

[0035] Alternatively, a chamber can be provided in the front part of the main bridge plate 201, and a telescopic bridge plate can be provided in the chamber. The telescopic bridge plate and the main bridge plate 201 form a nested structure. The front end of the telescopic bridge plate can be directly connected to the transition bridge plate 107. The telescopic bridge plate is connected to a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, telescopic pneumatic cylinder or electric push rod that controls its extension or retraction into the chamber. When the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 excavates forward, the telescopic bridge plate extends forward in accordance with the excavation speed of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100, so that the transition bridge plate 107 and the main bridge plate 201 always remain connected.

[0036] In both embodiments described above, the telescopic bridge plate's extension stroke is greater than the single excavation stroke of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 during forward excavation, ensuring the normal operation of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100. When the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 is excavating forward, the telescopic bridge plate is always extended; therefore, when the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 is stationary and the trestle 200 moves forward, the telescopic bridge plate is always retracted.

[0037] In addition, the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 is also equipped with a scraper conveyor 105 for lifting and transporting the excavated soil to the dump truck 500 parked on the trestle 200. This allows for the simultaneous excavation and discharge of soil. Once the dump truck 500 is full, it can be directly transported out of the tunnel via the trestle 200, resulting in higher soil discharge efficiency and improved efficiency for subsequent construction.

[0038] The scraper conveyor 105 is positioned to correspond to the intervals between the two transition bridge plates 107 and the two main bridge plates 201. The scraper conveyor 105 has a working position where the discharge end is located above the intervals between the two transition bridge plates 107 and the two main bridge plates 201, allowing the excavated soil to be discharged into the dump truck 500. It also has a clearance position where it descends to the trestle bridge 200 via the intervals between the two transition bridge plates 107 and the two main bridge plates 201, allowing for normal traffic flow. The scraper conveyor 105 is equipped with a control mechanism to switch between the working position and the clearance position. This fully utilizes the intervals between the two transition bridge plates 107 and the two main bridge plates 201 to achieve the desired arrangement of the scraper conveyor 105. By switching the working position, the excavated soil can be discharged normally into the dump truck 500, while avoiding other vehicles, ensuring the normal traffic flow of the trestle bridge 200 and preventing any impact on the construction progress at the working face.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the scraper conveyor 105 in this embodiment includes a swinging muck-carrying section 1051 capable of swinging up and down to switch between a working position and a clearance position. The control mechanism is a telescopic power control mechanism hinged between the frame 108 of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 and the swinging muck-carrying section 1051. This design makes control convenient, and the up-and-down swinging of the swinging muck-carrying section 1051 does not occupy excessive space, resulting in a compact structure. In this embodiment, the telescopic power control mechanism is a third hydraulic cylinder 109, but it can also be other control mechanisms capable of outputting telescopic power, such as a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0040] Furthermore, the scraper conveyor 105 also includes a fixed muck-carrying section 1052 fixedly mounted on the frame 108. The fixed muck-carrying section 1052 is located in front of the swing muck-carrying section 1051 and gradually tilts backward from bottom to top. This prevents the swing fulcrum of the swing muck-carrying section 1051 from being too low. Since sufficient clearance space needs to be provided below the swing muck-carrying section 1051 to allow it to swing up and down, if the swing fulcrum is too low, it will affect the setting of other components of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100. However, after raising the swing fulcrum of the swing muck-carrying section 1051, the arrangement of other components below the swing muck-carrying section 1051 is not affected.

[0041] In this embodiment, the front end of the swing conveying section 1051 is hinged to the rear end of the fixed conveying section 1052, which is equivalent to dividing the frame of the scraper conveyor 105 into two sections, which are hinged together. In other embodiments, the fixed conveying section 1052 can be an independent scraper conveyor, and the swing conveying section 1051 can also be an independent scraper conveyor, with the front end of the swing conveying section 1051 located below the rear end of the fixed conveying section 1052, and the two sections overlap vertically to achieve relay conveying of slag and soil.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gap between the two transition bridge plates 107 corresponds to the gap between the two main bridge plates 201, allowing the scraper conveyor 105 to pass through. The two transition bridge plates 107 are located at the top of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100, are horizontally arranged, and are fixed bridge plates. The hinge point between the swing muck transport section 1051 and the fixed muck transport section 1052 is located between the two transition bridge plates 107, so that the swing fulcrum of the swing muck transport section 1051 is located at a higher position. At the same time, when the scraper conveyor is in the avoidance position, the swing muck transport section 1051 is basically parallel to the two transition bridge plates 107, but does not protrude from the bridge surface of the transition bridge plates 107. The swing stroke of the swing muck transport section 1051 mainly occupies the space above the two transition bridge plates 107, and hardly occupies the space below the transition bridge plates 107 and the main bridge plates 201, which is convenient for installation and control, and the structure is relatively compact.

[0043] In other embodiments, the hinge joint between the swing muck-carrying section 1051 and the fixed muck-carrying section 1052 can also be located below the gap between the two transition bridge plates 107. In other embodiments, the scraper conveyor may not include the fixed muck-carrying section, but may consist entirely of the swing muck-carrying section. In this case, the swing fulcrum of the swing muck-carrying section is relatively low, and the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device needs to be provided with a clearance space for it to swing downwards. In other embodiments, when the height of the trestle bridge is sufficient, the scraper conveyor can also move straight up and down to switch between the working position and the clearance position. When the scraper conveyor is in the clearance position, the space under the trestle bridge can accommodate the scraper conveyor. Of course, for ease of arrangement, the scraper conveyor can be set at an angle, that is, it moves straight up and down in an inclined state.

[0044] Of course, in other embodiments, the arch bottom rock excavation device may not be equipped with a scraper conveyor. In this case, the excavated soil is transported to a dump truck by another excavator. Alternatively, if it is not necessary to avoid the scraper conveyor, the transition bridge can be a single piece of transition bridge deck. The part of the trestle bridge that connects to the transition bridge is also a single main bridge deck. Other aspects, such as the installation of telescopic bridge structures or overlapping sections, are the same as in the embodiments described above.

[0045] The arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 is also equipped with a soil collection mechanism for collecting the excavated arch bottom surrounding rock and transferring the soil to the scraper conveyor 105. In this embodiment, the soil collection mechanism is a star wheel soil collection mechanism 110, which is located below the excavation boom 102 and can gather the soil towards the center and transfer it to the fixed slag transport section 1052. In other embodiments, the soil collection mechanism can also be a slag removal robot. Of course, in other embodiments, the soil collection mechanism can be omitted. For example, when the excavation mechanism is an excavator arm or a slag removal robot arm, the excavated soil can be directly transferred to the scraper conveyor 105.

[0046] In fact, in this embodiment, the main body of the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 is a cantilever tunneling machine, and the star wheel muck collection mechanism 110 is part of the cantilever tunneling machine. The advantage of the cantilever tunneling machine is that it has its own walking mechanism, which allows the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 to move forward independently as a mobile device, and to carry out excavation operations while the trestle bridge 200 is fixed.

[0047] To ensure the normal traffic flow of the trestle construction equipment, the two transition bridge slabs 107 in this embodiment each include an overlapping section that horizontally overlaps the corresponding main bridge slab 201 and can slide back and forth relative to the main bridge slab 201. The maximum overlap length (i.e., the maximum length of the overlapping part) is more than 6 meters. The arch bottom rock excavation device 100 excavates forward 3 meters at a time. Therefore, after one excavation, if the area behind the trestle bridge 200 is at the same concrete strength, the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 can continue to excavate forward 3 meters, and the overlapping length of the transition bridge slab 107 and the main bridge slab 201 reaches its minimum. This does not affect the equal strength of the concrete in the rear area, while ensuring the construction progress and normal traffic flow. After the equal strength of the concrete in the rear area is completed, the trestle bridge 200 moves forward relative to the arch bottom rock excavation device 100, so that the overlapping length of the transition bridge slab 107 and the main bridge slab 201 reaches its maximum again. Of course, in other embodiments, the maximum length of the overlapping part does not need to be greater than twice the single excavation stroke of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device. Depending on the specific length of the concrete in the rear area, it may only be greater than one time the single excavation stroke.

[0048] In addition to the main bridge deck 201, the trestle 200 also includes main beams on both sides and a support device 202 at the bottom. The support device 202 is provided at both the front and rear ends, and the support device 202 includes support wheels. Figures 1-3 (Not shown in the drawing), wherein the rear support device 202 includes a drive wheel 204 ( Figure 5 As shown, the drive wheel 204 can drive the entire trestle 200 forward. Simultaneously, hydraulic outriggers 203 are provided at the front and rear ends of the trestle 200. During normal movement, the trestle 200 is supported by the support device 202, and the hydraulic outriggers 203 are in a retracted state. When the trestle 200 is in position, the hydraulic outriggers 203 extend and support the ground, maintaining a distance between the support device 202 and the ground. Therefore, when the trestle 200 needs to move, the hydraulic outriggers 203 should be retracted first.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, the rear slope bridge 205 is hinged to the rear end of the trestle bridge 200. A fifth hydraulic cylinder 206 is hinged between the rear slope bridge 205 and the trestle bridge 200 to control the up and down swing of the rear slope bridge 205. When the trestle bridge 200 moves normally, the rear slope bridge 205 is in the raised state. When the trestle bridge 200 moves into place, the rear slope bridge 205 is lowered and rests on the solidified invert arch.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the area behind the arch bottom rock excavation device 100 and below the trestle 200 is the steel cage binding area 400. Workers can bind steel bars below the trestle 200, which can be carried out simultaneously with excavation and slag removal processes.

[0051] A pouring system 300 is installed on the trestle 200 behind the steel cage binding area 400. The pouring system 300 includes a pouring boom 301 arranged on one side of the trestle 200 and a pouring formwork 302 located below the trestle 200.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pouring boom 301 includes a slewing base 3011 fixed to one side of the trestle 200, a pouring boom 3012 installed on the slewing base 3011, an intermediate arm 3013 connected to the pouring boom 3012, a steering arm 3014 connected to the intermediate arm 3013, and a pouring pipe 3015 connected to the steering arm 3014. The parts are connected end to end, and telescopic cylinders are hinged between adjacent parts, so that the pouring boom 301 can cover a 6-meter pouring area on both sides, satisfying the pouring function while allowing traffic to pass.

[0053] The casting formwork 302 is used for the casting of the invert arch. After the concrete in the casting formwork 302 has solidified, the trestle 200 needs to move the casting formwork 302 forward to cast the area of ​​the steel cage that has been tied in front. Therefore, a formwork hoisting device 303 is arranged on the side of the trestle 200 to hoist the casting formwork 302 to the designated position.

[0054] In addition, after the pouring is completed, the formwork structure needs to be cured, such as... Figure 5 As shown, a spraying device 207 is installed at the bottom of the trestle 200 to spray and cure the concrete.

[0055] The working process of the tunnel arch bridge construction equipment of the present invention is as follows: First, it should be noted that the trestle construction equipment can be used in high-altitude and cold regions to carry out simultaneous excavation of deep-buried central ditches and invert arches. Of course, it can also be used to construct tunnel invert arches separately, that is, in non-high-altitude and cold regions, where it is not necessary to construct tunnels and deep-buried central ditches, but only to construct invert arches.

[0056] During construction, the front slope bridge 106 is in the retracted state, the rear slope bridge 205 is in the lowered state, the scraper conveyor 105 is in the working position, and the excavation mechanism of the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 performs simultaneous excavation of the deep-buried central water ditch and the invert arch, or only excavates the invert arch. During excavation, the arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device 100 moves forward independently relative to the trestle bridge 200, as long as the transition bridge plate 107 is kept overlapping the main bridge plate 201.

[0057] After excavation, the excavated soil is gathered in the middle by the star wheel slag collection mechanism 110 and then transported to the fixed slag transport section 1052 and the swing slag transport section 1051, and then transported to the dump truck 500 parked on the trestle bridge 200. After the dump truck 500 is full, it can drive directly out of the tunnel through the trestle bridge 200.

[0058] After excavation and muck removal are completed, the scraper conveyor 105 is lowered (i.e., the swinging muck-carrying section 1051 is swung downwards to the middle of the bridge deck via the third hydraulic cylinder 109) to a safe position. At the same time, the front slope bridge 106 is lowered, and the trestle bridge 200 can then be opened to traffic normally. Of course, even if the muck truck 500 is not fully loaded and muck removal is not completed, if construction vehicles at the working face urgently need to pass, the scraper conveyor 105 and the front slope bridge 106 can be temporarily lowered to ensure smooth traffic flow and maximize traffic availability during construction, avoiding any impact on the construction progress at the working face.

[0059] While the arch base excavation device 100 excavates forward, workers can assemble the steel cage under the trestle bridge 200. Then, the pouring work is carried out. The pouring system 300 can cover the entire formwork area, and the bridge deck can be kept open to traffic during the pouring process.

[0060] After a section of construction is completed, the rear slope bridge 205 is raised, the hydraulic outriggers 203 are retracted, the trestle bridge 200 is supported by the support device 202, and the drive wheel 204 provides the power for the trestle bridge 200 to move forward. After reaching the designated position, the hydraulic outriggers 203 are extended, and the rear slope bridge 205 is lowered. The previous operation is repeated to proceed to the next construction process.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel invert arch trestle construction device, comprising a trestle, an arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device installed at the front end of the trestle, and a swingable rear slope bridge connected to the rear end of the trestle, characterized in that, The arch bottom rock excavation device is equipped with an independent walking mechanism. The main body of the arch bottom rock excavation device is located in front of the trestle. The arch bottom rock excavation device includes a front slope bridge that can swing up and down and a horizontally arranged transition bridge to connect the front slope bridge and the trestle. The rear of the transition bridge or the front of the trestle is provided with a telescopic bridge structure that can extend and retract forward and backward, or the rear of the transition bridge and the front of the trestle have an overlapping part and the overlapping part can slide relative to each other forward and backward. The telescopic stroke of the telescopic bridge structure or the maximum length of the overlapping part is greater than the single excavation stroke of the arch bottom rock excavation device.

2. The tunnel arch trestle construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear of the transition bridge has an overlapping section that connects to the trestle bridge, forming the overlapping part of the transition bridge.

3. The tunnel arch trestle construction equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rear end of the transition bridge is equipped with an inclined rear guide surface.

4. The tunnel invert arch trestle construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The rear end of the front slope bridge is located below the front end of the transition bridge, and the front end of the transition bridge is provided with an inclined front guide surface.

5. The tunnel invert arch trestle construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The trestle bridge includes two main bridge decks arranged at intervals on the left and right, and the transition bridge includes two transition bridge decks arranged at intervals on the left and right. The intervals between the two transition bridge decks correspond to and are connected to the intervals between the two main bridge decks.

6. The tunnel invert arch trestle construction equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The arch bottom surrounding rock excavation device is also equipped with a scraper conveyor for lifting and transporting the excavated soil to dump trucks parked on the trestle. The scraper conveyor is positioned to correspond to the interval between the two transition bridge plates and the interval between the two main bridge plates. The scraper conveyor has a working position with the slag discharge end located above the interval for discharging the soil into the dump truck, and also has a clearance position that allows it to fall to the trestle for normal traffic flow via the interval. The scraper conveyor is equipped with a control mechanism to control its switching between the working position and the clearance position.

7. The tunnel invert arch trestle construction equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that the scraper... The conveyor includes a swinging muck-carrying section that can swing up and down to switch the scraper conveyor between a working position and a clearance position. The control mechanism is a telescopic power control mechanism hinged between the frame of the arch bottom rock excavation device and the swinging muck-carrying section.

8. The tunnel invert arch trestle construction equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The scraper conveyor also includes a fixed slag conveying section fixedly installed on the frame. The fixed slag conveying section is located in front of the swing slag conveying section and gradually tilts backward from bottom to top. The front end of the swing slag conveying section is hinged to the rear end of the fixed slag conveying section.

9. The tunnel invert arch trestle construction equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The hinged joint between the swing slag transport section and the fixed slag transport section is located between two transition bridge plates.

10. The tunnel invert arch trestle construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The walking mechanism is a tracked walking mechanism.

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