Solar-powered controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system and control method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and particularly to a solar-controlled, all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system and control method. The system includes a concentrating module, a solar energy collection module, a photocatalytic reaction module, and a solar tracking module. The concentrating module comprises a parabolic disc assembly and an opening / closing adjustment mechanism. The parabolic disc assembly includes multiple mirror lobes arranged circumferentially. The opening / closing adjustment mechanism drives the multiple mirror lobes to rotate circumferentially, thereby causing the multiple mirror lobes to converge and expand, adjusting the expansion degree of the parabolic disc assembly. The solar energy collection module includes interconnected solar panels and batteries, with the solar panels located in the shaded area of ​​the parabolic disc assembly. The photocatalytic reaction module includes a photocatalytic reaction chamber, a photocatalytic bed disposed within the photocatalytic reaction chamber, and an ultraviolet lamp. The photocatalytic reaction chamber is located at the focal point of the multiple mirror lobes, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected to the solar energy collection module. The solar tracking module is used to adjust the sun-facing angle of the parabolic disc assembly and the solar panels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to a solar-powered controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional water treatment technologies (such as chemical, biological, and physical methods) generally suffer from problems such as easy secondary pollution, long treatment cycles, and high operating costs. However, photocatalytic water treatment technology driven by real sunlight is considered a promising next-generation solution due to its advantages such as environmental friendliness, low cost, and broad-spectrum treatment of pollutants.

[0003] However, achieving efficient photocatalytic water treatment requires meeting two key conditions: suitable light intensity (typically 2000 W / m²). 2 Both a suitable reaction temperature and a suitable temperature range (generally 30-65℃) are needed. However, in reality, it's difficult to simultaneously meet both conditions: firstly, the highest solar irradiance reaching the Earth's surface is typically only 900-1000 W / m². 2 Secondly, the ambient temperature rarely reaches above 50°C. Therefore, under natural light conditions, the photocatalytic reaction is difficult to carry out under optimal operating conditions, and the processing efficiency is significantly limited.

[0004] More importantly, this technology is highly dependent on sunlight and cannot operate continuously on cloudy days or at night due to interrupted light. This inherent limitation severely restricts the reliability and widespread application of photocatalysis technology in practical water treatment projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar-controlled concentrated all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system and control method to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a solar-powered, controllable concentrating, all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system, comprising:

[0008] A focusing assembly includes a disc-shaped parabolic mirror group and an opening and closing adjustment mechanism. The disc-shaped parabolic mirror group includes multiple mirror lobes arranged in a circle. The cross-sectional shape of each mirror lobe is parabolic, wherein the parabolic opening direction of each mirror lobe is the sun-facing side and the back side is the shaded side. The multiple mirror lobes are staggered sequentially along the axial direction of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror group. The opening and closing adjustment mechanism is used to drive the multiple mirror lobes to rotate circumferentially, so as to drive the multiple mirror lobes to move closer and open, thereby adjusting the opening degree of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror group.

[0009] A solar energy collection assembly includes interconnected solar panels and batteries, wherein the solar panels are located on the shaded side of the dish-shaped parabolic mirror assembly and are oriented in the same direction as the sun-facing side;

[0010] A photocatalytic reaction assembly includes a photocatalytic reaction chamber, a photocatalytic bed disposed within the photocatalytic reaction chamber, and an ultraviolet lamp. The photocatalytic reaction chamber is located at the focal point of the plurality of mirror lobes, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected to the solar energy collection assembly.

[0011] A solar tracking component is used to drive the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly and the solar panel to rotate synchronously around the vertical axis and swing around the horizontal axis, so as to adjust the sun-facing angle of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly and the solar panel.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the plurality of mirror lobes include a fixed mirror lobe, a plurality of driven mirror lobes, and an active mirror lobe arranged sequentially along the circumference. The opening and closing adjustment mechanism includes a limiting linkage structure and a rotation drive structure. The rotation drive structure is connected to the active mirror lobe in a transmission manner. The rotation drive structure is used to drive the active mirror lobe to rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed mirror lobe. The limiting linkage structure is disposed between the fixed mirror lobe, the plurality of driven mirror lobes, and the active mirror lobe. The limiting linkage structure is used to cause the plurality of driven mirror lobes to follow the active mirror lobe in rotation circumferentially during the rotation of the active mirror lobe.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fixed mirror flap, the plurality of driven mirror flaps, and the active mirror flap are sequentially offset along the axial direction of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly. The limiting linkage structure includes an active limiting key and a baffle on the active mirror flap, a driven limiting key and a driven traction key on each driven mirror flap, and a fixed limiting key on the fixed mirror flap. The active limiting key and the baffle are sequentially spaced apart on one side near the driven mirror flap along the unfolding and rotation direction of the active mirror flap. The driven limiting key and the driven traction key are sequentially spaced apart on both sides of the driven mirror flap along the unfolding and rotation direction of the driven mirror flap. The driven traction key is located on the side near the active mirror flap, and the fixed limiting key is located on the side of the fixed mirror flap near the driven mirror flap.

[0014] During the rotation of the active mirror flap along the unfolding rotation direction, the active limiting key abuts against the adjacent driven traction key, and the driven limiting key abuts against the adjacent driven traction key, so that the multiple driven mirror flaps follow the active mirror flap in sequence.

[0015] During the rotation of the active mirror flap along the approaching rotation direction, the baffle sequentially abuts against multiple driven mirror flaps to sequentially push the multiple driven mirror flaps to retract and overlap.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the rotation drive structure includes a rotation shaft coaxially arranged with the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly and a rotation drive unit for driving the rotation shaft. Each of the multiple driven mirror lobes is connected to a driven rotation ring at one end near the center of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly, and an active rotation ring is connected to one end of the active mirror lobe near the center of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly. The active rotation ring and the multiple driven rotation rings are coaxially sleeved on the rotation shaft, and the active rotation ring is rigidly connected to the rotation shaft.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the solar energy collection component also includes a support frame, the solar panel is rigidly connected to the support frame, the fixed mirror flap is rigidly connected to the support frame through a support plate, the rotation drive unit is fixed to the support frame, and the solar tracking component is drivenly connected to the support frame.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a stationary ring is connected to one end of the fixed mirror flap near the center of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly. A plurality of driven rotating rings are coaxially located between the stationary ring and the active rotating ring. The stationary ring is close to the photocatalytic reaction chamber. The photocatalytic reaction chamber is fixed to the stationary ring by a mounting bracket, which extends along the axial direction of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the solar tracking component is provided with a swing tracking mechanism and a rotation tracking mechanism. The swing tracking mechanism is used to drive the support frame to swing around the horizontal axis, and the rotation tracking mechanism is used to drive the support frame to rotate around the vertical axis.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the rotary tracking mechanism includes an azimuth rotary disk and a rotary tracking drive unit for driving the azimuth rotary disk to rotate around a vertical axis. The swing tracking mechanism includes a support frame mounted on the azimuth rotary disk and a swing tracking drive unit mounted on the support frame. The support frame is connected to the support frame via a horizontally extending connecting shaft, and the swing tracking drive unit is drively connected to the connecting shaft.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the photocatalytic reaction chamber is connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, this invention also proposes a control method for solar-controlled concentrated all-weather photocatalytic water treatment, applicable to the aforementioned solar-controlled concentrated all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system, the control method comprising:

[0023] Under sufficient sunlight, multiple mirror lobes are controlled to rotate along the approaching direction, causing the disc-shaped parabolic mirror group to retract and form a first concentrating mirror with a first preset expansion angle. The first concentrating mirror is used to focus sunlight and irradiate the photocatalytic reaction chamber, keeping the photocatalytic reaction chamber at a preset light intensity and preset reaction temperature to stimulate the photocatalytic bed to perform photocatalytic water treatment. At the same time, the solar panel is controlled to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy for storage.

[0024] In the case of insufficient sunlight, multiple mirror lobes are controlled to rotate along the unfolding direction, so that the disc-shaped parabolic mirror group unfolds to form a second focusing mirror with a second preset unfolding angle. The solar energy collection component is controlled to supply power to the ultraviolet lamp, and the ultraviolet lamp is used to supplement the light of the photocatalytic reaction chamber, so that the photocatalytic reaction chamber is maintained at a preset light intensity and preset reaction temperature, so as to excite the photocatalytic bed to carry out photocatalytic water treatment.

[0025] According to the change of the sun's position, the disc-shaped parabolic mirror group and the solar panel are controlled to rotate synchronously around the vertical axis and swing around the horizontal axis to adjust their sun-facing angle.

[0026] During nighttime operation, the solar energy collection component is controlled to supply power to the ultraviolet lamp, which in turn excites the photocatalytic bed for photocatalytic water treatment.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] This invention achieves all-weather, high-efficiency photocatalytic water treatment through an integrated system of light concentration, energy storage, and supplementary lighting. The system can dynamically adjust according to the external environment, based on adaptive light concentration and energy management: according to the season, time of day, solar position, ambient temperature, and weather conditions, the system drives multiple mirror lobes to rotate circumferentially through an opening and closing adjustment mechanism, switching between convergent and unfolded states, thereby continuously adjusting the overall unfolding degree of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly to form different light-concentrating mirror surfaces. This dynamic adjustment mechanism can precisely control the solar irradiance energy converged into the photocatalytic reaction cavity, keeping it at the optimal light intensity and reaction temperature, thereby maximizing the efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction.

[0029] When the mirror lobes converge to form a high-concentration-ratio mirror, the system prioritizes and efficiently focuses sunlight onto the photocatalytic reaction chamber, directly driving the reaction. Simultaneously, the convergence of the mirror lobes creates an unobstructed light-receiving area for the solar panels positioned on their shaded side. In this state, the solar panels efficiently generate electricity and store it. The stored energy is used to power ultraviolet lamps on cloudy days, at dusk, or at night, continuously stimulating the photocatalytic bed through supplemental ultraviolet lighting, ensuring uninterrupted water treatment.

[0030] This invention achieves fully automatic, high-precision real-time tracking of the sun's position and altitude by using a solar tracking component to drive a disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly and a solar panel to rotate synchronously around a vertical axis and swing around a horizontal axis. This ensures that at any given time, the concentrator and solar panel can be aligned with the sun at the optimal angle, achieving precise, controllable focusing and maximum capture of solar energy.

[0031] This invention overcomes the limitations of natural light conditions on photocatalytic technology. Through the synergistic control of "dynamic light concentration adjustment + photovoltaic energy storage supplementary lighting + precise sun tracking", it constructs an environmentally adaptive, all-weather (sunny, cloudy, day and night) photocatalytic water treatment system that is highly efficient and stable, significantly improving the engineering application feasibility and treatment efficiency of this technology.

[0032] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar-controlled concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an axial schematic diagram of the unfolded disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contracted disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly and the photocatalytic reaction chamber provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stationary ring provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the driven rotating ring provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the active rotating ring provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar-controlled concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the control method for solar-controlled concentrated all-weather photocatalytic water treatment provided by the present invention;

[0044] Icon labels:

[0045] Disc-type parabolic mirror assembly 100; fixed mirror flap 110; fixed limit key 111; stationary ring 112; driven mirror flap 120; driven rotating ring 121; driven limit key 122; driven traction key 123; active mirror flap 130; active rotating ring 131; active limit key 132; baffle 133; rotating shaft 140; rotating drive unit 150;

[0046] Solar panel 200; support frame 210;

[0047] Photocatalytic reaction chamber 300; water inlet pipe 310; water outlet pipe 320; mounting bracket 330;

[0048] Rotary tracking mechanism 400; azimuth rotary disk 410; rotary tracking drive unit 420;

[0049] Swing tracking mechanism 500; load-bearing frame 510; connecting shaft 520; swing tracking drive unit 530. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0053] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0055] Reference Figures 1-9 The solar-controlled concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system of the present invention is illustrated in the following embodiments:

[0056] This invention provides a solar-controlled concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system. Its core lies in integrating concentrating, photovoltaic energy storage, and precise solar tracking functions to overcome the limitations of natural sunlight and achieve continuous and efficient water treatment. The system mainly includes a concentrating module, a solar energy collection module, a photocatalytic reaction module, and a solar tracking module.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the focusing assembly of the present invention includes a disc-shaped parabolic mirror group 100 and an opening and closing adjustment mechanism.

[0058] The disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100 includes multiple mirror lobes arranged in a circumferential array. Each mirror lobe has a parabolic cross-section, with its parabolic opening facing the sun and its back facing the shaded side. The mirror lobes are arranged in a staggered, layered manner along the axial direction of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100, forming a composite parabolic structure that can be expanded and retracted. In this embodiment, the mirror lobes are made of a high-reflectivity material (such as a silver-plated mirror).

[0059] The opening and closing adjustment mechanism is connected to the mirror flap drive, which is used to drive the mirror flap to rotate synchronously in the circumference, thereby realizing the overall convergence or expansion of the mirror flap group, so as to continuously and accurately adjust the geometric expansion and light concentration ratio of the entire disc parabolic lens group 100.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the solar energy collection assembly of the present invention includes a solar panel 200 and a battery electrically connected thereto. The solar panel 200 is fixedly installed on the shaded side of the dish-type parabolic mirror assembly 100, and its light-receiving surface is aligned with the sun-facing surface of the dish-type parabolic mirror assembly 100 to ensure that unobstructed sunlight can be obtained when the mirror lobes are closed to generate electricity, and the generated energy is stored in the battery.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the photocatalytic reaction assembly of the present invention includes: a photocatalytic reaction chamber 300, a photocatalytic bed, and an ultraviolet lamp.

[0062] The photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 is precisely positioned at the focal point of the parabolic surface formed by the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100 to maximize the collection of sunlight. A photocatalytic bed is filled or fixed within the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300, supporting the photocatalytic material. An ultraviolet lamp is positioned inside or near the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 and electrically connected to the battery of the aforementioned solar energy collection assembly, allowing for supplemental lighting powered by the battery when necessary.

[0063] In this embodiment, the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 is connected to an inlet pipe 310 and an outlet pipe 320, thereby achieving continuous flow photocatalytic water treatment; the use of a photocatalytic bed can avoid the loss of photocatalyst; and the use of an ultraviolet lamp, due to its low power consumption and optimal excitation of photocatalytic semiconductors, achieves the purpose of energy saving and high efficiency.

[0064] This invention drives multiple mirror lobes to rotate circumferentially through an opening and closing adjustment mechanism, thereby switching between their close-up and open states. This continuously adjusts the overall expansion of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100 to form different light-concentrating mirrors. This dynamic adjustment mechanism can precisely control the solar irradiance energy converged into the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300, ensuring that its interior is always maintained at the optimal light intensity and reaction temperature, thereby maximizing the photocatalytic reaction efficiency.

[0065] Simultaneously, it achieves optimized spatial utilization and time-sharing reuse of solar energy:

[0066] Mode 1 (High Light Period - Direct Concentration): When the mirror lobes come together to form a mirror with a high concentration ratio, the system prioritizes and efficiently concentrates sunlight into the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 to directly drive the reaction.

[0067] Mode 2 (Low Light / Energy Storage Period - Photovoltaic Power Generation): The mirror lobes converge, simultaneously creating an unobstructed light-receiving area for the solar panel 200 positioned on its shaded side. In this mode, the solar panel 200 efficiently generates electricity and stores it. The stored energy is used to power ultraviolet lamps on cloudy days, in the evening, or at night, continuously stimulating the photocatalytic bed through supplemental ultraviolet lighting, ensuring uninterrupted water treatment.

[0068] The solar tracking component of this invention is a dual-axis drive mechanism used to drive the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100 and the solar panel 200 as a whole to rotate synchronously around the vertical axis (azimuth adjustment) and swing around the horizontal axis (elevation angle adjustment), thereby achieving fully automatic, high-precision real-time tracking of the sun's azimuth and altitude, ensuring that the system always captures solar energy at the optimal angle. This ensures that at any time, the concentrating mirror and the solar panel 200 can be aligned with the sun at the optimal angle, achieving precise, controllable focusing and maximum capture of solar energy.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the multiple mirror lobes include a fixed mirror lobe 110, multiple driven mirror lobes 120 and an active mirror lobe 130 arranged sequentially along the circumference. All mirror lobes are arranged in a staggered layer along the axial direction of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror group 100, with small gaps between them, allowing them to rotate relative to each other around a common axis, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the overall light-gathering area.

[0070] The opening and closing adjustment mechanism in this embodiment includes a limit linkage structure and a rotation drive structure.

[0071] Among them, such as Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the rotary drive structure is connected to the active mirror flap 130. The rotary drive structure is used to drive the active mirror flap 130 to rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed mirror flap 110. Specifically, the rotary drive structure includes a rotary shaft 140 coaxially arranged with the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100 and a rotary drive unit 150 that drives the rotary shaft 140 to rotate. The rotary drive unit 150 includes, but is not limited to, a motor. Figure 7 As shown, the active mirror flap 130 is rigidly connected to the rotating shaft 140 via an active rotating ring 131, and can therefore be directly driven by the rotating shaft 140. Figure 6 As shown, each driven mirror flap 120 is connected to the rotating shaft 140 via a driven rotating ring 121, and does not have an independent driving force.

[0072] A limiting linkage structure is located between the fixed mirror flap 110, multiple driven mirror flaps 120, and the active mirror flap 130 to achieve a "one-drive-multiple-followers" synchronous motion mode. The limiting linkage structure is used to ensure that, during the rotation of the active mirror flap 130, the multiple driven mirror flaps 120 sequentially follow the active mirror flap 130 in circumferential rotation. This invention employs one active mirror flap 130, with the other multiple driven mirror flaps 120 being pulled and controlled by this single active mirror flap 130, significantly reducing control difficulty.

[0073] Specifically, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the limiting linkage structure includes an active limiting key 132 and a baffle 133 on the active mirror flap 130, a passive limiting key 122 and a passive traction key 123 on each passive mirror flap 120, and a fixed limiting key 111 on the fixed mirror flap 110. The active limiting key 132 and the baffle 133 are sequentially spaced on the side near the passive mirror flap 120 along the unfolding and rotation direction of the active mirror flap 130. The passive limiting key 122 and the passive traction key 123 are sequentially spaced on both sides of the passive mirror flap 120 along the unfolding and rotation direction of the passive mirror flap 120. The passive traction key 123 is located on the side near the active mirror flap 130, the passive limiting key 122 is located on the side away from the active mirror flap 130, and the fixed limiting key 111 is located on the side of the fixed mirror flap 110 near the passive mirror flap 120.

[0074] During the rotation of the active mirror flap 130 along the unfolding rotation direction, the active limiting key 132 abuts against the adjacent driven traction key 123, and the driven limiting key 122 abuts against the adjacent driven traction key 123, so that multiple driven mirror flaps 120 sequentially follow the rotation of the active mirror flap 130. It can be understood that during the unfolding process, i.e., increasing the light-gathering area, when the rotation drive structure drives the active mirror flap 130 to rotate along the unfolding rotation direction, its active limiting key 132 will push the driven traction key 123 of the adjacent first driven mirror flap 120, forcing that driven mirror flap 120 to rotate. After the driven mirror flap 120 rotates, its own driven limiting key 122 will then push the driven traction key 123 of the next driven mirror flap 120, and so on, until all the driven mirror flaps 120 are sequentially pulled and unfolded under mechanical limiting, until they are limited by the fixed limiting key 111 of the fixed mirror flap 110.

[0075] During the rotation of the active mirror lobe 130 along the approaching rotation direction, the baffle 133 abuts against the multiple driven mirror lobes 120 in sequence, thereby pushing the multiple driven mirror lobes 120 to retract and overlap in sequence. It can be understood that during the retraction process, i.e. the reduction of the light-gathering area, when the active mirror lobe 130 rotates in the opposite direction, the baffle 133 on it will abut against the edge or structure of each driven mirror lobe 120 in sequence, thereby pushing all driven mirror lobes 120 to retract and overlap in sequence until they return to the initial tight state.

[0076] This embodiment, through the aforementioned precise mechanical linkage design, enables the precise and reliable driving of all driven mirror lobes 120 to complete complex deployment and retraction sequences using only a single drive unit controlling one active mirror lobe 130 and purely mechanically limiting the movement. This greatly simplifies the control system, reduces cost and system complexity, while ensuring the synchronization and repeatability of the adjustment actions.

[0077] To achieve a compact and reliable structure, the distance from the outer edge of each mirror flap to the rotation axis 140 is different in this embodiment. The distance from the outer edge of the fixed mirror flap 110 to the rotation axis 140 is the smallest, the distance from the outer edge of the active mirror flap 130 to the rotation axis 140 is the largest, and the distance from the outer edge of each driven mirror flap 120 to the rotation axis 140 increases sequentially along the unfolding rotation direction. This ensures that no spatial interference occurs during rotation.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a stationary ring 112 is connected to one end of the fixed mirror flap 110 near the center of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100. Multiple driven rotating rings 121 are coaxially located between the stationary ring 112 and the active rotating ring 131. The stationary ring 112 is close to the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300. Figure 3As shown, the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 is fixed to the stationary ring 112 by the mounting bracket 330. The mounting bracket 330 extends along the axial direction of the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100 to minimize its own obstruction of the incident light.

[0079] The solar energy collection assembly in this embodiment also includes a support frame 210, and the solar panel 200 is rigidly connected to the support frame 210, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the fixed mirror flap 110 is rigidly connected to the support frame 210 through the support plate 113, the rotary drive unit 150 is fixed to the support frame 210, and the solar tracking component is connected to the support frame 210 for transmission, thereby driving the entire focusing and collecting system to perform dual-axis solar tracking motion.

[0080] The solar tracking component in this embodiment employs a dual-axis drive structure to achieve precise and independent tracking of the sun's azimuth and altitude angle. Its specific configuration is as follows:

[0081] like Figure 9 As shown, the solar tracking assembly consists of two interconnected mechanisms: a rotary tracking mechanism 400 and a swing tracking mechanism 500. The rotary tracking mechanism 400 rotates around a vertical axis (azimuth angle); the swing tracking mechanism 500, mounted on top of the rotary tracking mechanism 400, swings around a horizontal axis (altitude angle). Together, they drive the entire support frame 210 and all its integrated components to achieve full-space directional tracking of the sun.

[0082] The rotation tracking mechanism 400 includes an orientation rotating disk 410 and a rotation tracking drive unit 420. The orientation rotating disk 410 is a disk or turntable structure that can rotate around a vertical axis.

[0083] The rotation tracking drive unit 420 is mounted on the base and is used to drive the orientation rotary disk 410 to perform precise rotational movements.

[0084] The swing tracking mechanism 500 is mounted on the azimuth rotary disk 410 and is responsible for adjusting the pitch direction. The swing tracking mechanism 500 includes a support frame 510, a connecting shaft 520, and a swing tracking drive unit 530. The support frame 510 is fixedly mounted on the azimuth rotary disk 410 and serves as the support base for the swing motion. The connecting shaft 520 is a shaft extending horizontally, with both ends rotatably connected to the support frame 510. The support frame 210 is rigidly fixed to this connecting shaft 520 and can swing along with it.

[0085] The swing tracking drive unit 530 is mounted on the support frame 510, and its output end is connected to the connecting shaft 520 via transmission (e.g., through gears, synchronous belts or direct drive) to drive the connecting shaft 520 and the support frame 210 to perform precise pitch swing around the horizontal axis.

[0086] The aforementioned swing tracking drive unit 530 and rotation tracking drive unit 420 can employ, but are not limited to, electric actuators such as servo motors and stepper motors that can achieve precise position and speed control, in conjunction with corresponding deceleration and transmission components to ensure the smoothness and positioning accuracy of the tracking motion.

[0087] Meanwhile, the swing tracking drive unit 530 and the rotation tracking drive unit 420 are respectively connected to the battery, and the battery supplies power to the swing tracking drive unit 530 and the rotation tracking drive unit 420.

[0088] Based on the solar position calculation model or sensor feedback, the rotation tracking drive unit 420 and the swing tracking drive unit 530 are controlled synchronously or sequentially to drive the azimuth rotating disk 410 to rotate and the support frame 210 to swing, thereby adjusting the orientation of the concentrating mirror and the solar panel 200 in real time so that their normal is always aligned with the sun, achieving efficient energy capture in all weather conditions.

[0089] Furthermore, this invention also proposes a control method for solar-controlled concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment, applicable to the aforementioned solar-controlled concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the control method of the present invention includes:

[0090] Step S100: Under sufficient sunlight, control multiple mirror lobes to rotate along the approaching direction, so that the disc parabolic mirror group 100 is retracted to form a first concentrating mirror with a first preset expansion angle. The first concentrating mirror is used to focus sunlight and irradiate the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300, so that the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 is maintained at a preset light intensity and preset reaction temperature to stimulate the photocatalytic bed to carry out photocatalytic water treatment. At the same time, control the solar panel 200 to collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy for storage.

[0091] Step S200: Under insufficient sunlight conditions, control multiple mirror lobes to rotate along the unfolding direction, so that the disc parabolic mirror group 100 unfolds to form a second focusing mirror with a second preset unfolding angle. Control the solar energy collection component to supply power to the ultraviolet lamp, and use the ultraviolet lamp to supplement the light of the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300, so that the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 is maintained at a preset light intensity and preset reaction temperature, so as to excite the photocatalytic bed to carry out photocatalytic water treatment.

[0092] Step S300: According to the change of the sun's position, control the disc-shaped parabolic mirror group 100 and the solar panel 200 to rotate around the vertical axis and swing around the horizontal axis in sync to adjust their sun-facing angle.

[0093] Step S400: Under nighttime operation, control the solar energy collection components to supply power to the ultraviolet lamps, and use the ultraviolet lamps to excite the photocatalytic bed for photocatalytic water treatment.

[0094] This invention overcomes the limitations of natural light conditions on photocatalytic technology. Through the synergistic control of "dynamic light concentration adjustment + photovoltaic energy storage supplementary lighting + precise sun tracking", it constructs an environmentally adaptive, all-weather (sunny, cloudy, day and night) photocatalytic water treatment system that is highly efficient and stable, significantly improving the engineering application feasibility and treatment efficiency of this technology.

[0095] The following are specific control methods based on the sun's position in the sky at different times of the day, different ambient temperatures, and weather conditions:

[0096] Under sunny working conditions:

[0097] At sunrise, due to the long optical path of sunlight in the atmosphere and the severe energy attenuation of the ultraviolet band caused by morning fog, the rotation drive unit 150 drives the active rotation ring 131 to rotate via the rotation shaft 140, causing the active mirror lobe 130 to rotate in the unfolding rotation direction. After the active mirror lobe 130 is fully unfolded during rotation, the active limit key 132 of the active mirror lobe 130 begins to pull the passive traction key 123 of the adjacent passive mirror lobe 120, thereby causing the passive mirror lobe 120 to also begin to rotate and unfold. After the passive mirror lobe 120 is fully unfolded, its passive limit key 122 further begins to pull the passive traction key 123 of the next passive mirror lobe 120 to achieve unfolding. After all the driven mirror flaps 120 have fully expanded in sequence, the driven limit key 122 of the last driven mirror flap 120 hooks the fixed limit key 111 of the fixed mirror flap 110, thereby stopping the disc parabolic mirror assembly 100 from expanding further. At this time, the disc parabolic mirror assembly 100 has expanded to its maximum.

[0098] The disc-shaped parabolic mirror group 100 is opened to the maximum to quickly preheat the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 to 40-50 degrees Celsius, while providing as much ultraviolet energy as possible to maximize the photocatalytic water treatment efficiency.

[0099] From sunrise to noon, as the solar altitude angle gradually increases, the loss of light in the atmosphere decreases, and the energy of the ultraviolet band reaching the Earth's surface increases. During this period, in order to maintain the stability of water treatment capacity, the disc parabolic mirror assembly 100 dynamically reduces its deployment degree according to the actual solar intensity. During the dynamic reduction of deployment, the rotation drive unit 150 drives the active rotation ring 131 in the opposite direction through the rotation shaft 140, causing the active mirror lobe 130 to rotate in the direction of convergence. When the active mirror lobe 130 is completely retracted below the adjacent driven mirror lobe 120 and continues to retract, the baffle 133 of the active mirror lobe 130 begins to push the adjacent driven mirror lobe 120 to retract synchronously. When both the driven mirror lobe 120 and the active mirror lobe 130 have retracted below the next driven mirror lobe 120 and continue to retract, the baffle 133 begins to push the next driven mirror lobe to retract together. The baffle 133 of the active mirror lobe 130 sequentially pushes each driven mirror lobe 120 to retract, thereby continuously reducing the size of the dish-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100. This stabilizes the solar radiation energy received by the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 as the natural light intensity increases. Simultaneously, due to the reduced deployment of the dish-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100, the solar panel 200 located on the shaded side of the assembly begins to directly receive solar radiation, thus efficiently generating and storing electricity.

[0100] During nighttime operation, the ultraviolet lamps inside the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 are powered by electricity stored from solar power generated on sunny days, continuing to excite the photocatalytic bed and carry out photocatalytic water treatment.

[0101] Under cloudy conditions, the disc-shaped parabolic mirror assembly 100 is deployed to its maximum extent, providing as much direct and diffused light as possible to the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300. Simultaneously, the ultraviolet lamps within the photocatalytic reaction chamber 300 are powered by electricity stored from solar power generated on sunny days, continuing to excite the photocatalytic bed and proceeding with photocatalytic water treatment.

[0102] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0103] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar controllable light condensing all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system, characterized in that, Comprising: A light - concentrating component, including a dish - type parabolic mirror group and an opening - and - closing adjustment mechanism. The dish - type parabolic mirror group includes a plurality of mirror petals arranged in a circle. The cross - sectional shape of each mirror petal is a parabola. Among them, the opening direction of the parabola of the mirror petal is the sunny side, and the back is the shady side. The plurality of mirror petals are stagger - arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the dish - type parabolic mirror group. The opening - and - closing adjustment mechanism is used to drive the plurality of mirror petals to rotate circumferentially, so as to drive the plurality of mirror petals to close and unfold, and adjust the unfolding degree of the dish - type parabolic mirror group; A solar energy collection component, including a solar panel and a battery connected to each other. The solar panel is located in the shady area of the dish - type parabolic mirror group and is arranged in the same direction as the sunny side; A photocatalytic reaction component, including a photocatalytic reaction chamber, a photocatalytic bed layer arranged in the photocatalytic reaction chamber, and an ultraviolet lamp. The photocatalytic reaction chamber is located at the focus of the plurality of mirror petals, and the ultraviolet lamp is electrically connected to the solar energy collection component; A solar tracking component, used to drive the dish - type parabolic mirror group and the solar panel to rotate synchronously around the vertical axis and swing around the horizontal axis, so as to adjust the sunny angles of the dish - type parabolic mirror group and the solar panel; The plurality of mirror petals include fixed mirror petals, a plurality of driven mirror petals, and a driving mirror petal arranged in sequence along the circumferential arrangement order. The opening - and - closing adjustment mechanism includes a limit linkage structure and a rotation driving structure. The rotation driving structure is传动连接 to the driving mirror petal. The rotation driving structure is used to drive the driving mirror petal to rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed mirror petal. The limit linkage structure is arranged between the fixed mirror petal, the plurality of driven mirror petals, and the driving mirror petal. The limit linkage structure is used to make the plurality of driven mirror petals sequentially follow the driving mirror petal to rotate circumferentially during the rotation process of the driving mirror petal; The photocatalytic reaction chamber is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe.

2. The solar - energy controllable light - concentrating all - weather photocatalytic water treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed mirror petal, the plurality of driven mirror petals, and the driving mirror petal are stagger - arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the dish - type parabolic mirror group. The limit linkage structure includes a driving limit key and a baffle arranged on the driving mirror petal, a driven limit key and a driven traction key arranged on each driven mirror petal, and a fixed limit key located on the fixed mirror petal. The driving limit key and the baffle are sequentially arranged at intervals on the side close to the driven mirror petal along the unfolding rotation direction of the driving mirror petal. The driven limit key and the driven traction key are sequentially arranged at intervals on both sides of the driven mirror petal along the unfolding rotation direction of the driven mirror petal. Among them, the driven traction key is located on the side close to the driving mirror petal, and the fixed limit key is located on the side of the fixed mirror petal close to the driven mirror petal; During the rotation process of the driving mirror petal along the unfolding rotation direction, the driving limit key abuts against the adjacent driven traction key, and the driven limit key abuts against the adjacent driven traction key, so as to make the plurality of driven mirror petals sequentially follow the driving mirror petal to rotate; During the rotation of the active mirror flap in the closing rotation direction, the baffle plate abuts against a plurality of the driven mirror flaps in sequence to push the plurality of the driven mirror flaps to retract and overlap in sequence.

3. The solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: The rotation drive structure includes a rotation shaft coaxially arranged with the dish parabolic mirror group and a rotation drive unit for driving the rotation shaft. One ends of the plurality of driven mirror flaps close to the center of the dish parabolic mirror group are respectively connected with driven rotating rings, and one end of the active mirror flap close to the center of the dish parabolic mirror group is connected with an active rotating ring. The active rotating ring and the plurality of driven rotating rings are coaxially sleeved on the rotation shaft, and the active rotating ring is rigidly connected with the rotation shaft.

4. The solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system according to claim 3, wherein: The solar energy collection component further includes a support frame. The solar panel is rigidly connected with the support frame. The fixed mirror flap is rigidly connected with the support frame through a support plate. The rotation drive unit is fixed on the support frame, and the sun tracking component is in transmission connection with the support frame.

5. The solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: One end of the fixed mirror flap close to the center of the dish parabolic mirror group is connected with a stationary ring. The plurality of driven rotating rings are coaxially located between the stationary ring and the active rotating ring. The stationary ring is close to the photocatalytic reaction chamber, and the photocatalytic reaction chamber is fixed to the stationary ring through a mounting frame. The mounting frame extends along the axial direction of the dish parabolic mirror group.

6. The solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: The sun tracking component is provided with a swing tracking mechanism and a rotation tracking mechanism. The swing tracking mechanism is used for driving the support frame to swing around the horizontal axis, and the rotation tracking mechanism is used for driving the support frame to rotate around the vertical axis.

7. The solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system according to claim 6, wherein: The rotation tracking mechanism includes an azimuth rotation disk and a rotation tracking drive unit for driving the azimuth rotation disk to rotate around the vertical axis. The swing tracking mechanism includes a bearing frame mounted on the azimuth rotation disk and a swing tracking drive unit mounted on the bearing frame. The support frame is connected with the bearing frame through a connecting shaft extending horizontally. The swing tracking drive unit is in transmission connection with the connecting shaft.

8. A control method of solar controllable light condensing all-weather photocatalytic water treatment, characterized in that: Adopting the solar energy controllable concentrating all-weather photocatalytic water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the control method includes: Under the condition of sufficient sunlight, control multiple mirror flaps to rotate in the closing direction, so as to fold the dish parabolic mirror group to form a first condensing mirror surface with a first preset unfolding angle, and use the first condensing mirror surface to converge sunlight and irradiate the photocatalytic reaction chamber, so as to maintain the photocatalytic reaction chamber at a preset light intensity and a preset reaction temperature, so as to stimulate the photocatalytic bed to carry out photocatalytic water treatment. At the same time, control the solar panel to collect solar energy and convert it into electric energy for storage; Under the condition of insufficient sunlight, control multiple mirror flaps to rotate in the unfolding direction, so as to unfold the dish parabolic mirror group to form a second condensing mirror surface with a second preset unfolding angle, control the solar energy collection component to supply power to the ultraviolet lamp, and use the ultraviolet lamp to supplement light to the photocatalytic reaction chamber, so as to maintain the photocatalytic reaction chamber at a preset light intensity and a preset reaction temperature, so as to stimulate the photocatalytic bed to carry out photocatalytic water treatment; According to the change of the sun's azimuth, control the dish parabolic mirror group and the solar panel to rotate synchronously around the vertical axis and swing around the horizontal axis to adjust their sun-facing angles; Under the night condition, control the solar energy collection component to supply power to the ultraviolet lamp, and use the ultraviolet lamp to stimulate the photocatalytic bed to carry out photocatalytic water treatment.

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