A carbon emission tracing method, device and storage medium for power grid line loss

Abstract

The application provides a carbon emission tracing method and device for power grid line loss and a storage medium, the method comprising the following steps: collecting power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters in real time by using sensors arranged in smart meters, deployed power grid line monitoring sensors, transformer online monitoring sensors and flue gas emission sensors, and uploading the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to a cloud platform for preprocessing; constructing a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracking model, and performing real-time tracing of line loss carbon emission based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracking model by using the preprocessed power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters; based on the tracing result, displaying the proportion of line loss carbon emission and the distribution of regional carbon emission in different time periods, and identifying high-carbon lines and / or blocks, and rendering and displaying in a GIS map. The application performs real-time tracing based on a dynamic carbon emission comprehensive factor, and ensures the real-time performance of carbon emission monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0005]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power grid line loss carbon emission monitoring, and specifically relates to a carbon emission traceability method, device and storage medium for power grid line loss. Background Art

[0002] As the core carrier for power transmission and distribution, the line loss electricity such as line loss and transformer loss generated during the operation of the power grid is essentially the secondary conversion of fossil energy consumption on the power generation side, corresponding to a large amount of implicit carbon emissions. According to industry statistics, the comprehensive line loss rate of China's power grid has been maintained at 5% - 6% for a long time, and the carbon emissions corresponding to the line loss electricity account for more than 8% of the total emissions of the power industry. Reducing line loss has become an important potential direction for power grid carbon emission reduction.

[0003] At present, the power grid line loss management focuses on the dimensions of power loss such as line loss rate control and loss reduction technology optimization. The accounting of carbon emissions mostly uses static statistical methods, which have shortcomings such as fuzzy accounting boundaries, low spatio-temporal resolution, and inability to accurately trace the source; existing carbon emission monitoring research mostly focuses on the power generation side and the power consumption side, ignoring the dynamic monitoring and quantification of line loss carbon emissions in the power grid transmission link, and it is difficult to achieve the coordination of line loss management and carbon emission reduction. With the advancement of the construction of the new power system, under the condition of high proportion of new energy grid connection and complex power grid topology, the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of line loss carbon emissions are more complex, and it is urgent to build a refined carbon emission monitoring system adapted to line loss management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of one or more technical defects in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions.

[0005] A carbon emission traceability method for power grid line loss, the method includes: A collection step of using sensors set in smart meters and deployed grid line monitoring sensors, transformer on-line monitoring sensors, and flue gas emission sensors to collect power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters in real time, and uploading the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to a cloud platform for preprocessing; A traceability step of constructing a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracking model, and performing real-time traceability of line loss carbon emissions based on the preprocessed power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters using the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracking model; A display step of displaying the line loss carbon emission ratio by time period and the carbon emission distribution by region based on the traceability result, as well as identifying high-carbon lines and / or regions, and rendering and displaying them on a GIS map.

[0006] Furthermore, the preprocessing operation is as follows: anomaly detection is performed on the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and the detected abnormal data is repaired using the difference method; it is determined whether there are N data sources for the same collected data, and if so, the collected data is calculated by fusing the measurement accuracy, measurement delay and data integrity of the N data sources, where N≥2.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for calculating the electrical quantity and the collected data X based on the fusion of measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity from N data sources is as follows: ; in, This represents the collected data from the i-th data source. for The time of data acquisition sent by the sensor. It is the International Standard Time. Indicates measurement delay; It is the reciprocal of the variance of all data collected from the i-th data source, used to represent the measurement accuracy; This represents the data integrity of all data collected from i data sources. The data integrity is calculated as the ratio of all collected data minus abnormal data to all collected data.

[0008] Furthermore, in the source tracing step: a line loss carbon emission accounting model is constructed based on carbon emission accounting criteria and carbon emission flow theory, wherein the line loss carbon emission accounting model is as follows: ; ; ; in, Indicates the time period for the statistics. This represents the line loss carbon emissions at time t. This represents the line loss at time t. represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor at time t; f represents the set of generating units and cross-provincial / cross-regional power input. This represents the input power of the k-th power source at time t; Let represent the carbon emission factor of the k-th power source at time t.

[0009] Furthermore, if the k-th power source is wind power, hydropower, or photovoltaic power, then =0, the k-th power source is a cross-province, cross-regional power input source, then =The carbon emission factor of the province or region of the input power source; if the k-th power source is a thermal power unit, then: ,in, This refers to the real-time standard coal consumption for power generation in thermal power units. The carbon emission factor per unit standard coal. This is the conversion factor between carbon and carbon dioxide molecules, which can be calculated from the molecular weights of carbon and carbon dioxide. A carbon flow tracing model is constructed to determine the carbon emissions of power grid branches and low-voltage distribution areas. The carbon flow tracing model is as follows: ,in, Let represent the carbon potential of the branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Let represent the input active power of the incoming branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Indicates the load-side equivalent carbon emission factor. , Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted This indicates the amount of electricity transmitted by the branch with endpoints i and j at time t.

[0010] Furthermore, in the demonstration step, with t is the time step, calculate t+n The direction and magnitude of carbon flow in each branch and transformer area of ​​the power grid at time t are rendered based on the direction and magnitude of carbon flow and displayed in the GIS map, where n≥0.

[0011] Furthermore, the rendering includes: transferring each Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted Normalization is performed using the following formula: ,in, These represent the maximum and minimum carbon emissions across all branches of the network. Corresponding to the corresponding color, The smaller the value, the higher the proportion of the green component (G) in RGB. The larger the value, the higher the proportion of the red component (R) in RGB; the width of each line displayed on the GIS map is related to... The lines are directly proportional, meaning the greater the power transmitted, the wider the lines, reflecting the scale of electrical energy transmission.

[0012] Furthermore, the carbon potential of each station area is displayed in the GIS map using a heat map method.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a carbon emission tracing device for power grid line losses, the device comprising: The data acquisition unit uses sensors installed in smart meters, as well as deployed power grid line monitoring sensors, transformer online monitoring sensors, and flue gas emission sensors to collect real-time power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and uploads the collected power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to the cloud platform for preprocessing. Source tracing unit: Constructs a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracing model, and uses preprocessed power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to perform real-time source tracing of line loss carbon emissions based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracing model; The display unit, based on the source tracing results, displays the proportion of carbon emissions from line loss in different time periods and the distribution of carbon emissions in different regions, as well as identifies high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas, and renders and displays them on a GIS map.

[0014] Furthermore, the preprocessing operation is as follows: anomaly detection is performed on the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and the detected abnormal data is repaired using the difference method; it is determined whether there are N data sources for the same collected data, and if so, the collected data is calculated by fusing the measurement accuracy, measurement delay and data integrity of the N data sources, where N≥2.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for calculating the electrical quantity and the collected data X based on the fusion of measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity from N data sources is as follows: ; in, This represents the collected data from the i-th data source. for The time of data acquisition sent by the sensor. It is the International Standard Time. Indicates measurement delay; It is the reciprocal of the variance of all data collected from the i-th data source, used to represent the measurement accuracy; This represents the data integrity of all data collected from i data sources. The data integrity is calculated as the ratio of all collected data minus abnormal data to all collected data.

[0016] Furthermore, in the source tracing unit: a line loss carbon emission accounting model is constructed based on carbon emission accounting criteria and carbon emission flow theory, wherein the line loss carbon emission accounting model is as follows: ; ; ; in, Indicates the time period for the statistics. This represents the line loss carbon emissions at time t. This represents the line loss at time t. represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor at time t; f represents the set of generating units and cross-provincial / cross-regional power input. This represents the input power of the k-th power source at time t; Let represent the carbon emission factor of the k-th power source at time t.

[0017] Furthermore, if the k-th power source is wind power, hydropower, or photovoltaic power, then =0, the k-th power source is a cross-province, cross-regional power input source, then =The carbon emission factor of the province or region of the input power source; if the k-th power source is a thermal power unit, then: ,in, This refers to the real-time standard coal consumption for power generation in thermal power units. The carbon emission factor per unit standard coal. This is the conversion factor between carbon and carbon dioxide molecules, which can be calculated from the molecular weights of carbon and carbon dioxide. A carbon flow tracing model is constructed to determine the carbon emissions of power grid branches and low-voltage distribution areas. The carbon flow tracing model is as follows: ,in, Let represent the carbon potential of the branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Let represent the input active power of the incoming branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Indicates the load-side equivalent carbon emission factor. , Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted This indicates the amount of electricity transmitted by the branch with endpoints i and j at time t.

[0018] Furthermore, in the display unit, with t is the time step, calculate t+n The direction and magnitude of carbon flow in each branch and transformer area of ​​the power grid at time t are rendered based on the direction and magnitude of carbon flow and displayed in the GIS map, where n≥0.

[0019] Furthermore, the rendering includes: transferring each Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted Normalization is performed using the following formula: ,in, These represent the maximum and minimum carbon emissions across all branches of the network. Corresponding to the corresponding color, The smaller the value, the higher the proportion of the green component (G) in RGB. The larger the value, the higher the proportion of the red component (R) in RGB; the width of each line displayed on the GIS map is related to... The lines are directly proportional, meaning the greater the power transmitted, the wider the lines, reflecting the scale of electrical energy transmission.

[0020] Furthermore, the carbon potential of each station area is displayed in the GIS map using a heat map method.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program code, which, when executed by a computer, performs any of the methods described above.

[0022] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a method, device, and storage medium for tracing carbon emissions from power grid line losses. The method includes: a data acquisition step S101, using sensors installed in smart meters and deployed power grid line monitoring sensors, transformer online monitoring sensors, and flue gas emission sensors to collect real-time power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and uploading the collected power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to a cloud platform for preprocessing; a tracing step S102, constructing a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracing model, and using the preprocessed power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to perform real-time tracing of line loss carbon emissions based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and carbon flow tracing model; and a display step S103, displaying the line loss carbon emission ratio and regional carbon emission distribution by time period based on the tracing results, identifying high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas, and rendering the display on a GIS map. This invention uses dynamic comprehensive carbon emission factors for real-time tracing, ensuring the real-time nature of carbon emission monitoring and achieving intuitive and visual display of line loss carbon emissions, thereby facilitating user decision-making. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a carbon emission tracing method for power grid line loss according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a carbon emission tracing device for power grid line loss according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0027] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] The theoretical basis of this invention is as follows: Grid line loss is the active power loss during power transmission. The amount of line loss must be compensated for by generating electricity from the generating units. Fossil fuel power generation directly generates carbon emissions, while renewable energy units achieve zero-carbon power supply. The intensity of carbon emissions from line loss is strongly correlated with the grid's power structure, line loss rate, and equipment operating parameters: grids in areas with a high proportion of coal-fired power have higher carbon emission intensity from line loss; older lines and heavily loaded equipment have greater line losses, corresponding to higher carbon emissions. This invention will achieve comprehensive monitoring of carbon emissions from line loss through precise calculation of line loss, dynamic selection of carbon emission factors, and carbon flow allocation. This is one of the key inventive concepts of this invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This invention illustrates a method for tracing carbon emissions from power grid line losses, the method comprising: In step S101, the sensors installed in the smart meter, as well as the deployed power grid line monitoring sensors, transformer online monitoring sensors, and flue gas emission sensors, are used to collect power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters in real time, and the collected power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters are uploaded to the cloud platform for preprocessing. Source tracing step S102: Construct a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracing model, and use the pre-processed power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to perform real-time source tracing of line loss carbon emissions based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracing model; In step S103, based on the results of the source tracing, the proportion of carbon emissions from line loss and the distribution of carbon emissions by region are displayed in different time periods, and high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas are identified and rendered on a GIS map.

[0030] In this invention, to address the shortcomings of existing power grid line loss management technologies that focus on power loss dimensions such as line loss rate control and loss reduction technology optimization, and which often employ static statistical methods for carbon emission calculation, resulting in fuzzy calculation boundaries, low spatiotemporal resolution, and inability to accurately trace sources, this invention adopts a method that collects real-time power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters. These parameters are then uploaded to a cloud platform for preprocessing. Preprocessing corrects abnormal data and fuses identical data from different sensors, ensuring accurate calculation benchmarks. A line loss carbon emission calculation model and a carbon flow tracing model are then constructed, and the preprocessed parameters are used... The power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters are used to trace the source of line loss carbon emissions in real time based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracing model. That is, the source is traced in real time based on dynamic carbon emission comprehensive factors, which ensures the real-time nature of carbon emission monitoring. Furthermore, the source tracing results are displayed in time periods to show the proportion of line loss carbon emissions and the distribution of carbon emissions in different regions, as well as to identify high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas. The results are then rendered on a GIS map, based on two dimensions: color and width. The carbon potential of the region is also displayed based on a heat map. This achieves an intuitive and visual display of line loss carbon emissions, which facilitates user decision-making. This is one of the important inventive concepts of this invention.

[0031] In one embodiment, the preprocessing operation is as follows: anomaly detection is performed on the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and the detected abnormal data is repaired using a difference method; it is determined whether there are N data sources for the same collected data. If so, the collected data is calculated by fusing the measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity of the N data sources, where N≥2, for example, when the line power is simultaneously measured by SCADA, distribution terminal, and meter accumulation.

[0032] This invention addresses the shortcomings of data collected from multiple sensors, such as asynchronous timing, measurement anomalies, data gaps, and inconsistent spatiotemporal scales, which directly affect the accuracy of line loss calculation and carbon emission accounting. It employs outlier detection and fusion calculation techniques to achieve standardized and precise processing of all data, realizing global consistency matching of multi-source data. This provides accurate data support for line loss and carbon emission monitoring, which is another important inventive aspect of this invention.

[0033] In one embodiment, the method for calculating the electrical quantity and the collected data X based on the measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity of N data sources is as follows: ; in, This represents the collected data from the i-th data source. for The time of data acquisition sent by the sensor. It is the International Standard Time. Indicates measurement delay; It is the reciprocal of the variance of all data collected from the i-th data source, used to represent the measurement accuracy; This represents the data integrity of all data collected from i data sources. The data integrity is calculated as the ratio of all collected data minus abnormal data to all collected data.

[0034] This invention proposes a calculation method for fusing the same data collected by multiple sensors in the power grid from multiple data sources. It proposes a fusion method based on data measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity. The core basis is the variance of the data, which represents the quality of the data. Then, the delay and data integrity are used as weighting factors for the variance, so as to better match the measurement results of the power grid data. This is one of the important inventive points of this invention.

[0035] In one embodiment, in the source tracing step S102: a line loss carbon emission accounting model is constructed based on carbon emission accounting criteria and carbon emission flow theory, wherein the line loss carbon emission accounting model is: ; ; ; in, Indicates the time period for the statistics. This represents the line loss carbon emissions at time t. This represents the line loss at time t. represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor at time t; f represents the set of generating units and cross-provincial / cross-regional power input. This represents the input power of the k-th power source at time t; Let represent the carbon emission factor of the k-th power source at time t.

[0036] This invention addresses the issue that traditional carbon emission accounting uses annual static factors, which fail to reflect the impact of fluctuations in renewable energy output, changes in unit coal consumption, and differences in load periods on carbon emissions. Therefore, a dynamic carbon emission factor is proposed. The calculation method enables accurate accounting of line loss carbon emissions, which is another important inventive point of this invention.

[0037] In one embodiment, if the k-th power source is wind power, hydropower, or photovoltaic power, then =0, the k-th power source is a cross-province, cross-regional power input source, then =The carbon emission factor of the province or region of the input power source; if the k-th power source is a thermal power unit, then: ,in, This refers to the real-time standard coal consumption for power generation in thermal power units. The carbon emission factor per unit standard coal. This is the conversion factor between carbon and carbon dioxide molecules, which can be calculated from the molecular weights of carbon and carbon dioxide. In one embodiment, a carbon flow tracing model is constructed to determine the carbon emissions of power grid branches and low-voltage distribution areas. The carbon flow tracing model is as follows: ,in, Let represent the carbon potential of the branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Let represent the input active power of the incoming branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Indicates the load-side equivalent carbon emission factor. , Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted This indicates the amount of electricity transmitted by the branch with endpoints i and j at time t.

[0038] In this invention, a carbon flow tracking model is constructed to determine the carbon emissions of power grid branches and low-voltage distribution areas, thereby realizing the dynamic carbon factor transfer of the entire link from the power generation side to transmission, distribution and distribution areas, and completely solving the problem of large errors in static factor calculation. This is another important inventive point of this invention.

[0039] In one embodiment, in the demonstration step S103, to t (e.g., 15 minutes) is the time step, calculate t+n The direction and magnitude of carbon flow in each branch and transformer area of ​​the power grid at time t are rendered based on the direction and magnitude of carbon flow and displayed in the GIS map, where n≥0.

[0040] In this invention, based on GIS, power grid topology model and carbon flow calculation results, carbon flow quantification-mapping rendering-spatiotemporal extrapolation is adopted to help dispatchers quickly grasp the dynamic characteristics of power grid carbon emissions in the spatiotemporal dimension, and formulate targeted loss reduction and carbon emission reduction strategies to provide intuitive support for management and control decisions. This is another important inventive point of this invention.

[0041] In one embodiment, the rendering includes: transferring each Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted Normalization is performed using the following formula: ,in, These represent the maximum and minimum carbon emissions across all branches of the network. Corresponding to the corresponding color, The smaller the value, the higher the proportion of the green component (G) in RGB. The larger the value, the higher the proportion of the red component (R) in RGB; the width of each line displayed on the GIS map is related to... The lines are directly proportional, meaning the greater the power transmitted, the wider the lines, reflecting the scale of electrical energy transmission.

[0042] This invention utilizes color and line width to depict the spatiotemporal migration patterns of high-carbon power lines and distribution areas through color and line width variations. Coupled with load fluctuations and the timing characteristics of renewable energy output, it generates a spatiotemporal evolution animation of carbon flow. Through animation simulation, the changes in line loss and carbon emissions during peak, off-peak, and valley periods, as well as the trajectory of high-carbon path transfer, can be clearly displayed. This assists dispatchers in quickly grasping the dynamic characteristics of grid carbon emissions in the spatiotemporal dimensions and formulating targeted loss reduction and carbon emission reduction strategies. This is another important inventive aspect of this invention.

[0043] In one embodiment, the carbon potential of each transformer substation is displayed in the GIS map using a heat map method. The inverse distance weighted interpolation method can be used to generate a regional line loss carbon emission heat map, thereby displaying the carbon emissions of each transformer substation more intuitively.

[0044] Figure 2 This invention illustrates a carbon emission tracing device for power grid line losses, the device comprising: The data acquisition unit 201 uses sensors installed in the smart meter, as well as deployed power grid line monitoring sensors, transformer online monitoring sensors, and flue gas emission sensors to collect power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters in real time, and uploads the collected power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to the cloud platform for preprocessing. Source tracing unit 202: Construct a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracing model, and use preprocessed power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to perform real-time source tracing of line loss carbon emissions based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracing model; The display unit 203 displays the proportion of carbon emissions from line loss and the distribution of carbon emissions by region in different time periods based on the results of the source tracing, as well as identifies high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas, and renders and displays them on a GIS map.

[0045] In this invention, to address the shortcomings of existing power grid line loss management technologies that focus on power loss dimensions such as line loss rate control and loss reduction technology optimization, and which often employ static statistical methods for carbon emission calculation, resulting in fuzzy calculation boundaries, low spatiotemporal resolution, and inability to accurately trace sources, this invention adopts a method that collects real-time power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters. These parameters are then uploaded to a cloud platform for preprocessing. Preprocessing corrects abnormal data and fuses identical data from different sensors, ensuring accurate calculation benchmarks. A line loss carbon emission calculation model and a carbon flow tracing model are then constructed, and the preprocessed parameters are used... The power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters are used to trace the source of line loss carbon emissions in real time based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracing model. That is, the source is traced in real time based on dynamic carbon emission comprehensive factors, which ensures the real-time nature of carbon emission monitoring. Furthermore, the source tracing results are displayed in time periods to show the proportion of line loss carbon emissions and the distribution of carbon emissions in different regions, as well as to identify high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas. The results are then rendered on a GIS map, based on two dimensions: color and width. The carbon potential of the region is also displayed based on a heat map. This achieves an intuitive and visual display of line loss carbon emissions, which facilitates user decision-making. This is one of the important inventive concepts of this invention.

[0046] In one embodiment, the preprocessing operation is as follows: anomaly detection is performed on the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and the detected abnormal data is repaired using a difference method; it is determined whether there are N data sources for the same collected data. If so, the collected data is calculated by fusing the measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity of the N data sources, where N≥2, for example, when the line power is simultaneously measured by SCADA, distribution terminal, and meter accumulation.

[0047] This invention addresses the shortcomings of data collected from multiple sensors, such as asynchronous timing, measurement anomalies, data gaps, and inconsistent spatiotemporal scales, which directly affect the accuracy of line loss calculation and carbon emission accounting. It employs outlier detection and fusion calculation techniques to achieve standardized and precise processing of all data, realizing global consistency matching of multi-source data. This provides accurate data support for line loss and carbon emission monitoring, which is another important inventive aspect of this invention.

[0048] In one embodiment, the method for calculating the electrical quantity and the collected data X based on the measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity of N data sources is as follows: ; in, This represents the collected data from the i-th data source. for The time of data acquisition sent by the sensor. It is the International Standard Time. Indicates measurement delay; It is the reciprocal of the variance of all data collected from the i-th data source, used to represent the measurement accuracy; This represents the data integrity of all data collected from i data sources. The data integrity is calculated as the ratio of all collected data minus abnormal data to all collected data.

[0049] This invention proposes a calculation method for fusing the same data collected by multiple sensors in the power grid from multiple data sources. It proposes a fusion method based on data measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity. The core basis is the variance of the data, which represents the quality of the data. Then, the delay and data integrity are used as weighting factors for the variance, so as to better match the measurement results of the power grid data. This is one of the important inventive points of this invention.

[0050] In one embodiment, in the source tracing unit 202: a line loss carbon emission accounting model is constructed based on carbon emission accounting criteria and carbon emission flow theory, wherein the line loss carbon emission accounting model is: ; ; ; in, Indicates the time period for the statistics. This represents the line loss carbon emissions at time t. This represents the line loss at time t. represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor at time t; f represents the set of generating units and cross-provincial / cross-regional power input. This represents the input power of the k-th power source at time t; Let represent the carbon emission factor of the k-th power source at time t.

[0051] This invention addresses the issue that traditional carbon emission accounting uses annual static factors, which fail to reflect the impact of fluctuations in renewable energy output, changes in unit coal consumption, and differences in load periods on carbon emissions. Therefore, a dynamic carbon emission factor is proposed. The calculation method enables accurate accounting of line loss carbon emissions, which is another important inventive point of this invention.

[0052] In one embodiment, if the k-th power source is wind power, hydropower, or photovoltaic power, then =0, the k-th power source is a cross-province, cross-regional power input source, then =The carbon emission factor of the province or region of the input power source; if the k-th power source is a thermal power unit, then: ,in, This refers to the real-time standard coal consumption for power generation in thermal power units. The carbon emission factor per unit standard coal. This is the conversion factor between carbon and carbon dioxide molecules, which can be calculated from the molecular weights of carbon and carbon dioxide. In one embodiment, a carbon flow tracing model is constructed to determine the carbon emissions of power grid branches and low-voltage distribution areas. The carbon flow tracing model is as follows: ,in, Let represent the carbon potential of the branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Let represent the input active power of the incoming branch with endpoints i and j at time t. Indicates the load-side equivalent carbon emission factor. , Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted This indicates the amount of electricity transmitted by the branch with endpoints i and j at time t.

[0053] In this invention, a carbon flow tracking model is constructed to determine the carbon emissions of power grid branches and low-voltage distribution areas, thereby realizing the dynamic carbon factor transfer of the entire link from the power generation side to transmission, distribution and distribution areas, and completely solving the problem of large errors in static factor calculation. This is another important inventive point of this invention.

[0054] In one embodiment, in the display unit 203, with t (e.g., 15 minutes) is the time step, calculate t+n The direction and magnitude of carbon flow in each branch and transformer area of ​​the power grid at time t are rendered based on the direction and magnitude of carbon flow and displayed in the GIS map, where n≥0.

[0055] In this invention, based on GIS, power grid topology model and carbon flow calculation results, carbon flow quantification-mapping rendering-spatiotemporal extrapolation is adopted to help dispatchers quickly grasp the dynamic characteristics of power grid carbon emissions in the spatiotemporal dimension, and formulate targeted loss reduction and carbon emission reduction strategies to provide intuitive support for management and control decisions. This is another important inventive point of this invention.

[0056] In one embodiment, the rendering includes: transferring each Carbon emissions corresponding to the amount of electricity transmitted Normalization is performed using the following formula: ,in, These represent the maximum and minimum carbon emissions across all branches of the network. Corresponding to the corresponding color, The smaller the value, the higher the proportion of the green component (G) in RGB. The larger the value, the higher the proportion of the red component (R) in RGB; the width of each line displayed on the GIS map is related to... The lines are directly proportional, meaning the greater the power transmitted, the wider the lines, reflecting the scale of electrical energy transmission.

[0057] This invention utilizes color and line width to depict the spatiotemporal migration patterns of high-carbon power lines and distribution areas through color and line width variations. Coupled with load fluctuations and the timing characteristics of renewable energy output, it generates a spatiotemporal evolution animation of carbon flow. Through animation simulation, the changes in line loss and carbon emissions during peak, off-peak, and valley periods, as well as the trajectory of high-carbon path transfer, can be clearly displayed. This assists dispatchers in quickly grasping the dynamic characteristics of grid carbon emissions in the spatiotemporal dimensions and formulating targeted loss reduction and carbon emission reduction strategies. This is another important inventive aspect of this invention.

[0058] In one embodiment, the carbon potential of each transformer substation is displayed in the GIS map using a heat map method. The inverse distance weighted interpolation method can be used to generate a regional line loss carbon emission heat map, thereby displaying the carbon emissions of each transformer substation more intuitively.

[0059] Simulation experiments were conducted using a power grid in a prefecture-level city in East my country as the empirical subject. This power grid includes 220kV and 110kV transmission networks, a 10kV medium-voltage distribution network, and low-voltage distribution areas. The power supply structure is mainly coal-fired power, wind power, and photovoltaic power, with coal-fired power accounting for approximately 85% and new energy accounting for approximately 15%. The overall line loss rate of the power grid is 5.8%. Typical summer load days were selected as the monitoring period, and comprehensive data on power flow, line loss, and power supply operation were collected. Verification showed the following spatiotemporal distribution characteristics: during peak load periods (19:00-21:00), the carbon emission rate from line loss reached 40.5%, significantly higher than during off-peak and valley periods; the carbon emission intensity from line loss in old distribution lines and heavily loaded distribution areas was 2.5 times that of newly built lines, with high-carbon areas concentrated in the old urban distribution network. Model comparison verification showed that compared with traditional static calculation methods, the calculation error of this method was reduced by 4.7%, accurately reflecting the dilution effect of new energy output on line carbon emissions, and the monitoring accuracy was more suitable for the actual operation scenario of the power grid. Based on monitoring results, 12 high-loss, high-carbon power lines and 36 high-carbon distribution areas were identified. Loss reduction measures, including line upgrades, load shifting, and three-phase imbalance mitigation in distribution areas, were proposed. Simulation results show that after implementing these optimization measures, the overall power grid line loss rate can be reduced to 5.1%, and carbon emissions from line losses can be reduced by 11.2 tCO2 / day, demonstrating a significant synergistic effect between loss reduction and carbon emission reduction.

[0060] One embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program on the computer storage medium is executed by a processor, the above-described method is implemented. The computer storage medium may be a hard disk, DVD, CD, flash memory, or other storage device.

[0061] For ease of description, the above apparatus is described by dividing it into various functional units. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0062] As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the apparatus described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of this application.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are for illustration only and not for limiting the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for tracing carbon emissions from power grid line losses, characterized in that, The method includes: The data collection process involves using sensors installed in smart meters, as well as deployed power grid line monitoring sensors, transformer online monitoring sensors, and flue gas emission sensors to collect real-time power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters. The collected power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters are then uploaded to a cloud platform for preprocessing. Source tracing steps: Construct a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracing model, and use preprocessed power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to perform real-time source tracing of line loss carbon emissions based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracing model; The demonstration steps include displaying the proportion of carbon emissions from line loss and the distribution of carbon emissions by region in different time periods based on the results of the source tracing, identifying high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas, and rendering and displaying them on a GIS map.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessing operation is as follows: anomaly detection is performed on the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and the detected abnormal data is repaired using the difference method; it is determined whether there are N data sources for the same collected data. If so, the collected data is calculated by fusing the measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity of the N data sources, where N≥2.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the source tracing step: a line loss carbon emission accounting model is constructed based on carbon emission accounting criteria and carbon emission flow theory. The line loss carbon emission accounting model is as follows: ; ; ； in, Indicates the time period for the statistics. This represents the line loss carbon emissions at time t. This represents the line loss at time t. represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor at time t; f represents the set of generating units and cross-provincial / cross-regional power input. This represents the input power of the k-th power source at time t; Let represent the carbon emission factor of the k-th power source at time t.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the demonstration step, with t is the time step, calculate t+n The direction and magnitude of carbon flow in each branch and transformer area of ​​the power grid at time t are rendered based on the direction and magnitude of carbon flow and displayed in the GIS map, where n≥0.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon potential of each station area is displayed in the GIS map using a heat map method.

6. A carbon emission tracing device for power grid line losses, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition unit uses sensors installed in smart meters, as well as deployed power grid line monitoring sensors, transformer online monitoring sensors, and flue gas emission sensors to collect real-time power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and uploads the collected power grid operating parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to the cloud platform for preprocessing. Source tracing unit: Constructs a line loss carbon emission accounting model and a carbon flow tracing model, and uses preprocessed power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters to perform real-time source tracing of line loss carbon emissions based on the line loss carbon emission accounting model and the carbon flow tracing model; The display unit, based on the source tracing results, displays the proportion of carbon emissions from line loss in different time periods and the distribution of carbon emissions in different regions, as well as identifies high-carbon lines and / or transformer areas, and renders and displays them on a GIS map.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preprocessing operation is as follows: anomaly detection is performed on the collected power grid operation parameters and power source carbon emission parameters, and the detected abnormal data is repaired using the difference method; it is determined whether there are N data sources for the same collected data. If so, the collected data is calculated by fusing the measurement accuracy, measurement delay, and data integrity of the N data sources, where N≥2.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the source tracing unit: a line loss carbon emission accounting model is constructed based on carbon emission accounting criteria and carbon emission flow theory. The line loss carbon emission accounting model is as follows: ; ; ； in, Indicates the time period for the statistics. This represents the line loss carbon emissions at time t. This represents the line loss at time t. represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor at time t; f represents the set of generating units and cross-provincial / cross-regional power input. This represents the input power of the k-th power source at time t; Let represent the carbon emission factor of the k-th power source at time t.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the display unit, with t is the time step, calculate t+n The direction and magnitude of carbon flow in each branch and transformer area of ​​the power grid at time t are rendered based on the direction and magnitude of carbon flow and displayed in the GIS map, where n≥0.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-5.

Images