Water-cooled screw liquid full type water chiller

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of refrigeration equipment technology, specifically to a water-cooled screw-type flooded chiller, comprising a chiller body and an evaporator. The evaporator is mounted on the chiller body, with an inlet pipe at its bottom and an outlet pipe at its top connected to a screw compressor on the chiller body. This invention uses a float plate and guide assembly to vertically raise and lower the tube bundle according to the refrigerant level: when the system load decreases and the liquid level drops, the tube bundle moves downwards synchronously, always remaining submerged in liquid refrigerant, avoiding the loss of heat exchange capacity due to the upper part of the traditional fixed tube bundle being exposed to gaseous refrigerant; when the load increases and the liquid level rises, the tube bundle moves upwards synchronously to a shallow liquid level area near the liquid surface, where the static pressure is lower, effectively overcoming the defect of traditional fixed tube bundles at the bottom where excessive static pressure inhibits refrigerant boiling. This ensures that the tube bundle is in the optimal heat exchange position under different loads, thereby significantly improving the overall heat exchange efficiency and the chiller's comprehensive energy efficiency ratio.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refrigeration equipment technology, and in particular to a water-cooled screw chiller with full liquid level. Background Technology

[0002] Water-cooled screw chillers are widely used in central air conditioning, industrial cooling, and other fields due to their high heat exchange efficiency and stable operating characteristics. Their core working principle is as follows: inside the evaporator, liquid refrigerant completely submerges the heat exchange tube bundle. The refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat outside the tubes, thereby cooling the cooling medium (such as water) flowing inside the tubes. The resulting refrigerant gas is then drawn into and compressed by the screw compressor.

[0003] In existing flooded evaporator designs, heat exchange tube bundles are typically rigidly fixed to the tube sheets at both ends of the evaporator. This fixed structure has inherent technical drawbacks in actual operation. Specifically, the refrigerant level within the evaporator fluctuates dynamically with changes in system load. When the system is under low load, refrigerant evaporation decreases, resulting in a relatively high level; conversely, under high load, refrigerant evaporation is intense, causing a significant drop in level. Since the tube bundle position remains fixed, when the level drops, the upper part of the tube bundle is exposed to gaseous refrigerant, leading to a sharp decrease in the heat exchange efficiency between this portion of the tube bundle and the refrigerant, rendering it unable to participate in effective heat exchange. Simultaneously, while the lower part of the tube bundle remains submerged in liquid refrigerant, the increased liquid level height raises the bottom static pressure, inhibiting refrigerant boiling and further deteriorating the heat exchange effect. This inadequate heat exchange caused by the mismatch between liquid level fluctuations and tube bundle position directly reduces the overall energy efficiency ratio and cooling capacity of the chiller. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a water-cooled screw-type flooded chiller to solve the technical problem in the prior art where the tube bundles inside the evaporator are fixedly set, causing the tube bundles to be unable to adjust their position with changes in refrigerant level, resulting in insufficient heat exchange of some tube bundles and low energy efficiency ratio of the chiller.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a water-cooled screw-type flooded chiller, comprising a chiller body and an evaporator, wherein the evaporator is mounted on the chiller body, the evaporator has a liquid inlet pipe at its bottom and an outlet pipe at its top connected to a screw compressor on the chiller body, and further comprises:

[0006] Metal bellows are fixed to the water inlet and water outlet of the evaporator respectively. Each of the two metal bellows has a liquid distribution plate fixedly connected to one end opposite to the other. Several tube bundles are fixedly installed between the two liquid distribution plates.

[0007] A float plate is fixed between the tops of two liquid distribution plates, and the float plate is floated on the refrigerant inside the evaporator;

[0008] A guide assembly symmetrically arranged between the liquid leveling plate and the top wall of the evaporator is used to vertically raise and lower the float plate, the liquid leveling plate and the tube bundle as the refrigerant level changes.

[0009] An adjustment assembly is provided between the liquid inlet pipe and the adjacent liquid distribution plate. The adjustment assembly can adjust the refrigerant supply flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe according to the change in refrigerant density inside the evaporator.

[0010] Preferably, hollow floats are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the float plate, and the hollow floats are made of lightweight and corrosion-resistant materials.

[0011] Preferably, the guiding component includes:

[0012] A guide sleeve symmetrically fixed on both sides of the liquid equalization plate and a guide rod movably passing through the guide sleeve, the top of the guide rod being fixedly installed on the top wall of the evaporator;

[0013] A limiting ring is fixed to the upper end of the guide rod, and a spring is sleeved on the upper surface of the guide rod. The two ends of the spring are respectively fixed between the top wall of the evaporator and the top of the limiting ring.

[0014] Preferably, a support plate is fixed to the middle of the outer wall of all the tube bundles, and the top surface of the support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the floating plate.

[0015] Preferably, the adjustment component includes:

[0016] A liquid supply valve seat is fixed to the liquid inlet pipe and communicates with the interior of the evaporator. The liquid supply valve seat has a flow chamber for refrigerant to flow through, and the flow chamber has perforations on both sides.

[0017] A regulating valve core is rotatably installed between the perforations on both sides inside the flow chamber, and the outer wall of the regulating valve core is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the flow chamber;

[0018] A flow hole is provided through the middle of the regulating valve core and communicates with the flow chamber, so that the supply of refrigerant can be adjusted by changing the opening and closing angle of the flow hole when the refrigerant density changes.

[0019] A connecting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the regulating valve core. The end of the connecting rod away from the regulating valve core is hinged to a hinged connecting rod, and the end of the hinged connecting rod away from the connecting rod is hinged to the lower end of the corresponding liquid distribution plate. When the liquid distribution plate is vertically raised and lowered by the guide assembly, the hinged connecting rod is driven to deflect, and the regulating valve core inside the liquid supply valve seat rotates at a corresponding angle to change the refrigerant supply.

[0020] Preferably, the flow hole is configured as a horizontal waist-shaped hole structure to facilitate the flow of liquid.

[0021] Preferably, the bottom of the inner side of the flow chamber is provided with a cylindrical positioning groove that is adapted to the outer wall of the regulating valve core, and the top two sides of the inner side of the flow chamber are integrally formed with sealing sections, which extend toward the axial direction of the regulating valve core so that the refrigerant can flow into the evaporator through the flow hole.

[0022] Preferably, the chiller further includes a defoaming component located between the lower end of the air outlet pipe and the metal corrugated pipe, the defoaming component comprising:

[0023] A mounting plate located below the vent pipe and not in contact with the bottom of the vent pipe, wherein the mounting plate has a perforation in the middle for gas flow.

[0024] A conical defoaming plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate. The conical defoaming plate has a conical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. It is used to puncture large bubbles and guide, intercept, and condense small droplets.

[0025] A rotating cylinder is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting plate. The upper and lower ends of the rotating cylinder are rotatably mounted with fixed sleeve rods through bearings. The fixed sleeve rods are composed of a cylinder body rotatably installed inside the rotating cylinder and a connecting shaft fixed to the top of the cylinder body. The connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the top wall of the evaporator.

[0026] A straight groove that penetrates vertically through the surface of the cylinder;

[0027] An arc-shaped groove is vertically opened through the surface of the rotating drum;

[0028] An installation rod is inserted into the inside of the cylinder, and the bottom of the installation rod is fixedly installed on the top of the corresponding metal bellows;

[0029] A guide pin is fixed to one side of the upper end of the mounting rod, and the guide pin is slidably assembled in the straight groove and the arc groove in sequence.

[0030] Preferably, the conical defoaming plate is a four-sided conical metal mesh plate, and a plurality of defoaming needles are evenly arrayed on the surface of the conical defoaming plate.

[0031] Preferably, the arc-shaped groove is composed of a central 90° arc-shaped rotating section and straight guide sections respectively connected to both ends of the arc-shaped rotating section.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The water-cooled screw chiller of this invention uses a float plate and guide assembly to vertically raise and lower the tube bundle according to the refrigerant level. When the system load decreases and the liquid level drops, the tube bundle moves downwards synchronously, always remaining submerged in liquid refrigerant, avoiding the loss of heat exchange capacity due to the upper part of the traditional fixed tube bundle being exposed to gaseous refrigerant. When the load increases and the liquid level rises, the tube bundle moves upwards synchronously to a shallow liquid level area near the liquid surface, where the static pressure is lower, effectively overcoming the defect of traditional tube bundles fixed at the bottom, which inhibits refrigerant boiling due to excessively high static pressure. This ensures that the tube bundle is in the optimal heat exchange position under different loads, thereby significantly improving the overall heat exchange efficiency and the chiller's comprehensive energy efficiency ratio.

[0033] By incorporating an adjustment component, the lifting and lowering movement of the tube bundle is directly mechanically linked to the liquid supply flow rate of the inlet pipe. When the load inside the evaporator increases, refrigerant evaporation intensifies, and density decreases, causing the liquid level and tube bundle assembly to drop, this component automatically drives the regulating valve core to rotate, increasing the opening of the flow orifice and thus increasing the refrigerant supply. Conversely, when the load decreases, the liquid supply automatically decreases. This system, relying on refrigerant density changes and mechanical linkage, eliminates the need for external power, electronic sensors, or complex control systems. It offers advantages such as fast response, high reliability, and low cost. It can match the real-time liquid demand of the evaporator, preventing insufficient or excessive liquid supply and further optimizing system operational stability.

[0034] The defoaming component is designed and linked to the lifting and lowering movement of the tube bundle. Under high-load conditions, when the refrigerant boils violently, generating a large number of bubbles and potentially entraining liquid droplets, the tube bundle assembly sinks, and the linked defoaming component automatically rotates to directly below the outlet pipe. The rising airflow and foam first pass through the conical defoaming plate and defoaming needles, where large bubbles are punctured, and small droplets are intercepted, condensed, and guided back to the bottom of the evaporator. This significantly reduces the amount of liquid refrigerant entrained in the refrigerant entering the screw compressor, thereby significantly reducing the risk of liquid slugging in the compressor and effectively improving the operational safety and service life of the entire chiller unit. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic front cross-sectional view of the evaporator in this invention;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the right cross-section of the evaporator in this invention;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0041] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of a portion of the liquid inlet pipe, liquid supply valve seat, and regulating valve core in this invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the liquid supply valve seat and flow chamber in this invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the metal bellows, float plate, and guide rod in this invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the mounting plate, fixing sleeve, and rotating cylinder in this invention.

[0045] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of the structure at point C;

[0046] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the fixed sleeve, rotating cylinder, and mounting rod in this invention.

[0047] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0048] 1. Chiller body; 2. Evaporator; 3. Metal bellows; 4. Liquid distribution plate; 5. Tube bundle; 6. Float; 601. Support plate; 7. Hollow float; 8. Liquid inlet pipe; 9. Gas outlet pipe; 10. Guide rod; 11. Limiting ring; 12. Spring; 13. Liquid supply valve seat; 14. Flow chamber; 15. Adjusting valve core; 16. Flow hole; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Hinge connecting rod; 19. Mounting plate; 20. Conical defoaming plate; 2001. Defoaming needle; 21. Fixing sleeve rod; 2101. Straight groove; 22. Rotary drum; 2201. Arc groove; 23. Mounting rod; 2301. Guide pin. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0051] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a water-cooled screw-type flooded chiller, such as... Figure 1-11 As shown, the system includes a chiller body 1 and an evaporator 2. The evaporator 2 is mounted on the chiller body 1. The bottom of the evaporator 2 has a liquid inlet pipe 8 for introducing high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the condenser. The top of the evaporator 2 has an outlet pipe 9 connected to the screw compressor on the chiller body 1, which is also connected to the suction port of the screw compressor on the chiller body 1. A filter can be installed on the liquid inlet pipe 8 depending on the system cleanliness level. The system also includes:

[0052] Metal corrugated pipes 3 are fixed to the inlet and outlet of the evaporator 2, respectively. Each of the two metal corrugated pipes 3 has a liquid distribution plate 4 fixedly connected to one end of the opposite side. Several tube bundles 5 are fixedly installed between the two liquid distribution plates 4. The liquid distribution plate 4 has holes corresponding to the tube bundles 5 for distributing the water entering the tube bundles 5. The two ends of the metal corrugated pipes 3 are respectively sealed and welded to the inlet and outlet of the evaporator 2 and one side of the liquid distribution plate 4 to enhance the overall rigidity. The metal corrugated pipes 3 are stainless steel flexible sealed corrugated pipes with vertical expansion and contraction compensation function. They can adaptively expand and contract with the vertical rise and fall of the liquid distribution plate 4 and the tube bundles 5, maintaining the sealed connection between the water circuit of the evaporator 2 and the liquid distribution plate 4 throughout the process. This does not hinder the rise and fall of the components and can prevent water leakage, thus solving the problem that rigid pipes cannot adapt to adaptive rise and fall.

[0053] A float plate 6 is fixed between the tops of the two liquid distribution plates 4, and the float plate 6 floats on the refrigerant inside the evaporator 2;

[0054] A guide assembly is symmetrically arranged between the liquid leveling plate 4 and the top wall of the evaporator 2. The guide assembly is used to vertically raise and lower the float plate 6, the liquid leveling plate 4 and the tube bundle 5 as the refrigerant liquid level changes; to ensure that the tube bundle assembly rises and falls vertically and does not swing horizontally.

[0055] An adjustment assembly is located between the liquid inlet pipe 8 and the adjacent liquid distribution plate 4. This assembly can adjust the refrigerant supply flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe 8 according to the change in refrigerant density inside the evaporator 2, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the liquid supply according to the load.

[0056] In existing technology, the tube bundle 5 is rigidly fixed to both ends of the evaporator 2. When the liquid level drops, the tube bundle 5 cannot sink, causing the upper part of the tube bundle 5 to be exposed to the gaseous refrigerant, while the refrigerant remaining in the lower part cannot participate in heat exchange, resulting in severe insufficient heat exchange. By using the buoyancy of the float plate 6 and the hollow float 7, the tube bundle 5 is always maintained at a high position near the liquid surface (i.e., a shallower depth below the liquid surface), preventing the tube bundle 5 from sinking to the bottom of the evaporator 2 (where the bottom liquid level difference is large, the static pressure is high, and boiling is suppressed), thereby eliminating the problem of insufficient heat exchange caused by the liquid level difference.

[0057] In this embodiment: Hollow floats 7 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the float plate 6, and the hollow floats 7 are made of lightweight and corrosion-resistant materials. The float plate 6 is made of high-strength closed-cell foam plastic or lightweight corrosion-resistant metal alloy to ensure sufficient structural rigidity while maintaining buoyancy. The hollow floats 7 are made of corrosion-resistant engineering plastics (such as reinforced polypropylene or polyvinylidene fluoride) or stainless steel thin-walled sealed shells with sealed cavities inside to provide stable and durable buoyancy. The buoyancy of the hollow floats 7 is precisely matched and designed so that the buoyancy of a single set of hollow floats is greater than the total weight of the float plate 6, support plate 601, all tube bundles 5 and liquid leveling plate 4, with a buoyancy margin coefficient of 1.2-1.5. The vertical immersion depth of the top of the tube bundle 5 with the refrigerant liquid surface is constantly maintained in the shallow range of 10-30mm. This depth can completely avoid the problem of high static pressure at the bottom of the evaporator inhibiting refrigerant boiling. The hollow float 7 is a sealed hollow structure with a wall thickness of 0.8-1.2mm and a single volume of 80-120cm³. It should be further noted that there is a predetermined vertical distance between the tube bundle 5 and the hollow float 7 above. This distance ensures that when the hollow float 7 floats on the refrigerant surface, the entire tube bundle 5 remains completely submerged in the liquid refrigerant, and the top of the tube bundle 5 is always located at a relatively shallow depth below the liquid surface (i.e., a high point near the liquid surface). This ensures that the heat exchange tube bundle is in the optimal heat exchange position under different loads, thereby significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency under all operating conditions and the overall energy efficiency ratio of the chiller.

[0058] In this embodiment: the guiding component includes:

[0059] The guide sleeves are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the liquid equalization plate 4 and the guide rod 10 is movable through the guide sleeves. The top of the guide rod 10 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the evaporator 2.

[0060] A limiting ring 11 is fixed to the upper end of the guide rod 10, and a spring 12 is sleeved on the upper surface of the guide rod 10. The two ends of the spring 12 are respectively fixed between the top wall of the evaporator 2 and the top of the limiting ring 11. It should be noted that the spring 12 is a stainless steel compression spring, which has a preset preload after assembly. The magnitude of the preload matches the no-load buoyancy of the float 6. Through the setting of the limiting ring 11 and the spring 12, the lowest position of the tube bundle assembly is limited when the machine stops or the buoyancy is insufficient, preventing it from sinking excessively and causing damage.

[0061] In this embodiment: a support plate 601 is fixedly attached to the middle of the outer wall of all tube bundles 5, and the top surface of the support plate 601 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the float plate 6. The top surface of the support plate 601 is welded to the bottom surface of the float plate 6 to enhance the support for the tube bundles 5.

[0062] In this embodiment: the adjustment component includes:

[0063] A liquid supply valve seat 13 is fixed to the liquid inlet pipe 8 and communicates with the inside of the evaporator 2. The liquid supply valve seat 13 has a flow chamber 14 for refrigerant to flow through, and the flow chamber 14 has perforations on both sides.

[0064] The regulating valve core 15 is rotatably installed between the two perforations inside the flow chamber 14, and the outer wall of the regulating valve core 15 is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the flow chamber 14.

[0065] A flow hole 16, which is opened through the middle of the regulating valve core 15 and can communicate with the flow chamber 14, is used to adjust the refrigerant supply by changing the opening and closing angle of the flow hole 16 when the refrigerant density changes.

[0066] A connecting rod 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the regulating valve core 15. A hinged connecting rod 18 is hinged to the end of the connecting rod 17 away from the regulating valve core 15. The end of the hinged connecting rod 18 away from the connecting rod 17 is hinged to the lower end of the corresponding liquid distribution plate 4. When the liquid distribution plate 4 is vertically raised and lowered by the guide assembly, the hinged connecting rod 18 is driven to deflect, causing the regulating valve core 15 inside the liquid supply valve seat 13 to rotate at a corresponding angle, thereby changing the refrigerant supply volume. During high-load operation of the chiller, the refrigerant boiling and vaporization rate accelerates, the liquid refrigerant mixing density decreases, and under the same buoyancy, the float 6 and tube bundle assembly sink as a whole, and the liquid level drops synchronously. During low-load operation, the refrigerant vaporization is slower, the liquid refrigerant density increases, the liquid level rises, and the tube bundle assembly floats. The rotation angle range of the regulating valve core 15 is 0°-90°. When the valve core rotates at 0°, the flow hole 16 is completely closed and the liquid supply stops. When the valve core rotates at 90°, the flow hole 16 is fully open and the maximum liquid supply is reached. The rotation angle of the valve core is linearly related to the liquid level rise and fall, which accurately matches the refrigerant demand under different densities and loads, and realizes the self-adaptive liquid supply regulation without electrical control.

[0067] When the load inside evaporator 2 increases, the refrigerant boils more intensely, its density decreases, the liquid level drops, and the entire tube bundle assembly moves downward. The liquid leveling plate 4 pulls the connecting rod 17 downward via the hinged connecting rod 18, causing the regulating valve core 15 to rotate. The opening direction of the flow orifice 16 changes accordingly, increasing its cross-sectional area with the flow chamber 14, thus allowing more refrigerant to flow into evaporator 2. Conversely, when the load decreases, the liquid level rises, the tube bundle assembly moves upward, driving the regulating valve core 15 to rotate in the opposite direction, reducing the opening of the flow orifice 16 and decreasing the liquid supply. By relying on changes in refrigerant density and mechanical linkage, this system eliminates the need for external power, electronic sensors, or complex control systems. It offers advantages such as fast response, high reliability, and low cost, and can match the real-time liquid demand of evaporator 2, preventing insufficient or excessive liquid supply, further optimizing system operational stability.

[0068] In this embodiment, the flow hole 16 is configured as a horizontal waist-shaped hole structure to facilitate the flow of liquid.

[0069] In this embodiment: the bottom inner side of the flow chamber 14 is provided with a cylindrical positioning groove that is adapted to the outer wall of the regulating valve core 15. The top two sides of the inner side of the flow chamber 14 are integrally formed with sealing sections, which extend toward the axial direction of the regulating valve core 15 so that the refrigerant can flow into the evaporator 2 through the flow hole 16.

[0070] In this embodiment: the chiller also includes a defoaming component located between the lower end of the air outlet pipe 9 and the metal bellows 3, the defoaming component including:

[0071] A mounting plate 19 is located below the vent pipe 9 and does not contact the bottom of the vent pipe 9. A perforation for gas flow is provided in the middle of the mounting plate 19.

[0072] A conical defoaming plate 20 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 19. The conical defoaming plate 20 has a conical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. It is used to puncture large bubbles and guide, intercept and condense small droplets.

[0073] A rotating cylinder 22 is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting plate 19. The upper and lower ends of the rotating cylinder 22 are rotatably installed with fixed sleeve rods 21 through bearings. The fixed sleeve rods 21 consist of a cylinder body rotatably installed inside the rotating cylinder 22 and a connecting shaft fixed to the top of the cylinder body. The connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the top wall of the evaporator 2.

[0074] A vertical groove 2101 is opened through the surface of the cylinder;

[0075] An arc-shaped groove 2201 is vertically opened through the surface of the rotating cylinder 22;

[0076] The mounting rod 23 is inserted into the cylinder body, and the bottom of the mounting rod 23 is fixedly installed on the top of the corresponding metal bellows 3; the bottom of the mounting rod 23 is fixedly installed on the flange ring at the top of the corresponding metal bellows 3.

[0077] The guide pin 2301 is fixed to one side of the upper end of the mounting rod 23. The guide pin 2301 is slidably assembled in the straight groove 2101 and the arc groove 2201 in sequence.

[0078] In this embodiment: the conical defoaming plate 20 is a four-sided conical metal mesh plate, and a plurality of defoaming needles 2001 are evenly arrayed on the surface of the conical defoaming plate 20. The conical defoaming plate 20 is made of 316L stainless steel metal mesh plate with a mesh plate aperture of 2-3mm. The defoaming needles 2001 on the plate surface are arranged in a matrix even array, with a needle length of 5mm and a needle spacing of 8mm, and the needle tips are arranged upwards. Under high load conditions, the large bubbles generated by the boiling of refrigerant are quickly punctured after contacting the needle tips and decomposed into tiny bubbles; the tiny bubbles and the entrained small liquid droplets collide with the surface of the conical mesh plate, are intercepted, and condense into large droplets. Under the guiding action of the conical inclined surface, they slide down the plate to the bottom of the evaporator 2, and the dry refrigerant gas enters the outlet pipe 9 through the perforations of the mesh plate and the mounting plate 19, completely preventing droplets from entering the compressor and causing liquid slugging failure.

[0079] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped groove 2201 is composed of a central 90° arc-shaped rotating section and straight guide sections connected to both ends of the arc-shaped rotating section. The straight guide sections at both ends of the arc-shaped groove 2201 are 15mm long, serving as upper and lower limit switches to restrict the sliding stroke of the guide pin 2301 and prevent excessive rotation of the rotating drum 22 from causing structural jamming or wear. Specifically, when the guide pin 2301 slides on the lower straight section, the defoaming component remains stationary and aligned directly below the air outlet pipe 9; when the guide pin 2301 slides on the central 90° arc section, it drives the rotating drum 22 to rotate precisely 90°, achieving lateral avoidance of the defoaming plate; when the guide pin 2301 slides on the upper straight section, the component remains stationary and avoids interference throughout the entire movement.

[0080] Under low load conditions, the liquid level is high, causing the tube bundle assembly to float. The metal bellows 3 compensates for the displacement difference, driving the mounting rod 23 to move upward. The guide pin 2301 first moves along the lower straight section of the arc-shaped groove 2201, and then enters the 90° arc section. Under the guidance constraint of the straight groove 2101, when the guide pin 2301 slides in the arc-shaped groove 2201, it forces the rotating cylinder 22 to rotate relative to the fixed sleeve rod 21. When the mounting rod 23 rises to the highest point of the arc section, the rotating cylinder 22 rotates exactly 90 degrees, causing the conical defoaming plate 20 to move from directly below the air outlet pipe 9 to the side. At this time, the gas flow path is smooth and the resistance is minimal.

[0081] Under high load conditions, the refrigerant boils violently, the liquid level drops, the tube bundle assembly sinks, and the metal bellows 3 is stretched, causing the mounting rod 23 to descend. The guide pin 2301 slides in the opposite direction along the arc groove 2201, driving the rotating drum 22 to rotate 90 degrees in the opposite direction, so that the conical defoaming plate 20 returns precisely to directly below the outlet pipe 9. The large bubbles carried by the rising airflow are first punctured by the tip of the conical defoaming plate 20 and the defoaming needle 2001, and small droplets condense on the surface of the metal mesh plate, eventually dripping back to the bottom of the evaporator 2, while the dry refrigerant gas enters the outlet pipe 9 through the perforations of the mounting plate 19. When the mounting rod 23 continues to descend to the lower limit position, the guide pin 2301 enters the upper straight section of the arc groove 2201. At this time, the rotating drum 22 stops rotating, preventing excessive rotation and significantly reducing the amount of liquid refrigerant entrained in the refrigerant entering the screw compressor, thereby significantly reducing the risk of liquid slugging in the compressor and effectively improving the operational safety and service life of the entire chiller unit.

[0082] Working principle: High load condition: Refrigerant evaporates rapidly, density decreases, and liquid level drops. Float 6 drives tube bundle 5 to sink, guides it vertically, and adjusts the liquid supply valve core to increase refrigerant supply. Simultaneously, the defoaming component automatically aligns with the outlet pipe to achieve efficient defoaming and prevent liquid slugging. Low load condition: Refrigerant evaporates slowly, density increases, and liquid level rises. Tube bundle floats, adjusts the valve core to decrease liquid supply, and the defoaming component automatically avoids it, reducing airflow resistance. It features adaptive linkage across all operating conditions, requiring no electrical control intervention, achieving efficient, stable, and safe operation.

[0083] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A water-cooled screw-type flooded chiller, comprising a chiller body (1) and an evaporator (2), wherein the evaporator (2) is mounted on the chiller body (1), the evaporator (2) has a liquid inlet pipe (8) at its bottom and an outlet pipe (9) at its top connected to a screw compressor on the chiller body (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Metal corrugated pipes (3) are fixed to the water inlet and water outlet of the evaporator (2) respectively. Each of the two metal corrugated pipes (3) is fixedly connected to a liquid distribution plate (4) at one end opposite to the other. Several tube bundles (5) are fixedly installed between the two liquid distribution plates (4). A float plate (6) is fixed between the tops of two liquid distribution plates (4), and the float plate (6) is floated on the refrigerant inside the evaporator (2); A guide assembly is symmetrically arranged between the liquid leveling plate (4) and the top wall of the evaporator (2). The guide assembly is used to vertically raise and lower the float plate (6), the liquid leveling plate (4) and the tube bundle (5) as the refrigerant level changes. An adjustment assembly is provided between the liquid inlet pipe (8) and the adjacent liquid distribution plate (4). The adjustment assembly can adjust the refrigerant supply flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe (8) according to the change of refrigerant density inside the evaporator (2).

2. A water-cooled screw chiller with flooded liquid flow according to claim 1, characterized in that, Hollow floats (7) are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the float plate (6), and the hollow floats (7) are made of lightweight and corrosion-resistant materials.

3. A water-cooled screw chiller with full-load liquid distribution according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The guiding component includes: The guide sleeves are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the liquid equalization plate (4) and the guide rod (10) is movable through the guide sleeves. The top of the guide rod (10) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the evaporator (2). A limiting ring (11) is fixed to the upper end of the guide rod (10), and a spring (12) is sleeved on the upper surface of the guide rod (10). The two ends of the spring (12) are respectively fixed between the top wall of the evaporator (2) and the top of the limiting ring (11).

4. A water-cooled screw chiller with full liquid level according to claim 3, characterized in that, A support plate (601) is fixedly fixed to the middle of the outer wall of all the tube bundles (5), and the top surface of the support plate (601) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the floating plate (6).

5. A water-cooled screw chiller with flooded liquid flow according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment component includes: A liquid supply valve seat (13) is fixed to the liquid inlet pipe (8) and communicates with the inside of the evaporator (2). The liquid supply valve seat (13) has a flow chamber (14) for refrigerant to flow through, and the flow chamber (14) has perforations on both sides. The regulating valve core (15) is rotatably installed between the two perforations inside the flow chamber (14), and the outer wall of the regulating valve core (15) is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the flow chamber (14); A flow hole (16) is provided through the middle of the regulating valve core (15) and can communicate with the flow chamber (14) so ​​that the supply of refrigerant can be adjusted by changing the opening angle of the flow hole (16) when the refrigerant density changes. A connecting rod (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the regulating valve core (15). A hinged connecting rod (18) is hinged to the end of the connecting rod (17) away from the regulating valve core (15). The end of the hinged connecting rod (18) away from the connecting rod (17) is hinged to the lower end of the corresponding liquid distribution plate (4). When the liquid distribution plate (4) is vertically raised and lowered by the guide assembly, the hinged connecting rod (18) is driven to deflect and drive the regulating valve core (15) inside the liquid supply valve seat (13) to rotate at a corresponding angle to change the liquid supply of refrigerant.

6. A water-cooled screw chiller with flooded liquid flow according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flow hole (16) is configured as a horizontal waist-shaped hole structure to facilitate the flow of liquid.

7. A water-cooled screw chiller with full liquid level according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom inner side of the flow chamber (14) is provided with a cylindrical positioning groove that is adapted to the outer wall of the regulating valve core (15). The top two sides of the inner side of the flow chamber (14) are integrally formed with sealing sections. The sealing sections extend toward the axial direction of the regulating valve core (15) so that the refrigerant can flow into the evaporator (2) through the flow hole (16).

8. A water-cooled screw chiller with full liquid level according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chiller also includes a defoaming component located between the lower end of the air outlet pipe (9) and the metal bellows pipe (3), the defoaming component comprising: A mounting plate (19) located below the vent pipe (9) and not in contact with the bottom of the vent pipe (9) has a perforation in the middle for gas flow. A conical defoaming plate (20) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate (19). The conical defoaming plate (20) has a conical structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. It is used to puncture large bubbles and to guide, intercept and condense small droplets. A rotating cylinder (22) is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting plate (19). The upper and lower ends of the rotating cylinder (22) are rotatably mounted with fixed sleeve rods (21) through bearings. The fixed sleeve rods (21) consist of a cylinder body rotatably installed inside the rotating cylinder (22) and a connecting shaft fixed to the top of the cylinder body. The connecting shaft is fixedly installed on the top wall of the evaporator (2). A vertical groove (2101) is opened through the surface of the cylinder. An arc-shaped groove (2201) is vertically opened through the surface of the rotating cylinder (22); An installation rod (23) is inserted into the inside of the cylinder, and the bottom of the installation rod (23) is fixedly installed on the top of the corresponding metal bellows (3); A guide pin (2301) is fixed to one side of the upper end of the mounting rod (23). The guide pin (2301) is slidably assembled in the straight groove (2101) and the arc groove (2201) in sequence.

9. A water-cooled screw chiller with flooded liquid flow according to claim 8, characterized in that, The conical defoaming plate (20) is a four-sided conical metal mesh plate, and a number of defoaming needles (2001) are evenly arranged on the surface of the conical defoaming plate (20).

10. A water-cooled screw chiller with flooded liquid flow according to claim 8, characterized in that, The arc-shaped groove (2201) is composed of a central 90° arc-shaped rotating section and straight guide sections connected to both ends of the arc-shaped rotating section.

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