Structure for improving high-speed performance of turbocharger with fixed nozzle ring

Abstract

A structure for improving high-speed performance of a turbocharger with a fixed nozzle ring relates to the technical field of engine appliances and comprises a turbine shell, a turbine rotor is rotatably arranged in the turbine shell, the turbine shell is fixedly provided with the nozzle ring at the wheel back of the turbine rotor, and an external cavity is formed in the turbine shell. A turbine shell inlet hole communicating with the outer cavity is formed in the inner wall of the turbine shell, a turbine shell return hole communicating the outer cavity with the turbine shell inner cavity is further formed in the turbine shell, and a piston controlling connection and disconnection of the turbine shell inlet hole and the turbine shell return hole is arranged in the outer cavity in a self-adaptive sliding mode. The problems that according to a turbocharger with a fixed nozzle ring in the prior art, under the high rotating speed and the high expansion ratio of the turbocharger, due to the fact that the flow area of a turbine is fixed, waste gas of an engine cannot smoothly enter a turbine rotor, the turbine is blocked, the performance of the turbocharger is reduced, and the power of the engine is insufficient are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engine tools, in particular to a structure for improving the high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger. Background Art

[0002] In the existing turbocharger with a fixed nozzle ring structure, the nozzle ring blades are fixed in position and then fixed on a sleeve and installed between the volute and the turbine to change the turbine flow area to improve the efficiency of the turbocharger.

[0003] The prior art discloses a patent with publication number CN202832670U, which consists of a blade seat, nozzle ring blades, a cover plate, an outer wind shield, a first inner wind shield, a second inner wind shield, a step-type limit pin, a distance sleeve, a limit pin and a support hub. It reduces the efficiency loss caused by the rotation of the nozzle ring blades, improves the turbocharger's boost ratio and acceleration performance, and enables the turbocharger to efficiently match some of the engine's operating loads.

[0004] As the existing devices are used, the shortcomings of the technology are gradually exposed, mainly in the following aspects:

[0005] This structure improves low-speed performance, but as the engine speed increases, the turbine flow area cannot increase accordingly, causing the exhaust back pressure and flow rate to increase, resulting in blockage of the turbocharger at high speeds and high expansion ratios, and ultimately causing the efficiency of the turbocharger to drop, thereby reducing the performance of the entire turbocharger and failing to better meet the matching requirements with the engine, thereby failing to achieve the engine's power and economy requirements.

[0006] In summary, the prior art has obvious inconveniences and defects, so it is necessary to improve it. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the defects in the prior art, the utility model not only solves the problem of the turbocharger with a fixed nozzle ring in the traditional technology, but also solves the problem that at high speed and high expansion ratio of the turbocharger, the engine exhaust gas cannot smoothly enter the turbine rotor due to the fixed turbine flow area, causing the turbine to be blocked, the turbocharger performance to be reduced, and the engine power to be insufficient.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A structure for improving the high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger comprises a turbine shell, a turbine rotor is rotatably arranged inside the turbine shell, a nozzle ring is fixedly arranged on the turbine shell at the wheel back of the turbine rotor, an external cavity is formed on the turbine shell, a turbine shell inlet hole communicating with the external cavity is formed on the inner wall of the turbine shell, the turbine shell is also provided with a turbine shell return hole communicating with the external cavity with the inner cavity of the turbine shell, and a piston is adaptively slidably arranged in the external cavity to control the connection and disconnection of the turbine shell inlet hole and the turbine shell return hole.

[0010] As an optimized solution, a nozzle ring hole connected to the return hole of the turbine casing is opened on the nozzle ring.

[0011] As an optimized solution, the nozzle ring hole includes a main air outlet hole connected to the turbine shell return hole, and a plurality of sub-air holes are arranged in parallel on the main air outlet hole.

[0012] As an optimized solution, a cover plate is fixedly provided on the outer end of the turbine shell, and the cover plate closes the external cavity. A spring is provided in the external cavity, and two ends of the spring respectively abut against the piston and the cover plate.

[0013] As an optimized solution, a fixing protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the cover plate, and one end of the spring is inserted into the fixing protrusion.

[0014] As an optimized solution, the cover plate is fixed to the outer end of the turbine shell by a clamp.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] It can make more gas in the turbine shell channel enter the turbine rotor at high speed of the supercharger, increase the turbine intake volume of the supercharger at high speed and high expansion ratio, increase the flow capacity of the turbine, improve the high-speed performance of the supercharger, and at the same time improve the maximum power and torque of the matching engine, improve the specific power of the engine, improve the power of the engine, reduce the fuel consumption of the engine, and improve the economy of the engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific implementation or the prior art description. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the nozzle ring hole of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 1-turbine rotor; 2-nozzle ring; 3-turbine shell; 4-turbine shell inlet hole; 5-external cavity; 6-piston; 7-spring; 8-clamp; 9-cover plate; 10-turbine shell return hole; 11-nozzle ring hole; 12-main air outlet hole; 13-dividing air hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the utility model are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the structure for improving the high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger comprises a turbine shell 3, a turbine rotor 1 is rotatably arranged inside the turbine shell 3, a nozzle ring 2 is fixedly arranged on the back of the turbine rotor 1 of the turbine shell 3, an external cavity 5 is formed on the turbine shell 3, a turbine shell inlet hole 4 connected to the external cavity 5 is formed on the inner wall of the turbine shell 3, the turbine shell 3 is further provided with a turbine shell return hole 10 connecting the external cavity 5 with the inner cavity of the turbine shell 3, and a piston 6 for controlling the connection and disconnection of the turbine shell inlet hole 4 and the turbine shell return hole 10 is adaptively slidably arranged in the external cavity 5.

[0023] The nozzle ring 2 is provided with a nozzle ring hole 11 which is connected with the return hole 10 of the turbine casing.

[0024] The nozzle ring hole 11 includes a main air outlet 12 connected to the turbine shell return hole 10. The main air outlet 12 is provided with a plurality of branch air holes 13 in parallel, which help the gas in the external cavity 5 to smoothly enter the turbine rotor.

[0025] A cover plate 9 is fixedly provided at the outer end of the turbine shell 3 , and the cover plate 9 closes the external cavity 5 . A spring 7 is provided in the external cavity 5 , and two ends of the spring 7 are respectively against the piston 6 and the cover plate 9 .

[0026] A fixing protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the cover plate, and one end of the spring 7 is inserted into the fixing protrusion.

[0027] The cover plate 9 is fixed to the outer end of the turbine shell 3 by a clamp 8. The fastening method is not limited to the clamp, and other methods may also be used.

[0028] The working principle of this device is:

[0029] When the engine is running at a low speed, the fixed guide vane nozzle ring 2 reduces the turbine flow cross section. When the exhaust gas discharged from the engine enters the turbine rotor 1 through the turbine shell 3 and the nozzle ring 2, it enters the external cavity 5 through the turbine shell inlet hole 4 under low speed conditions. At this time, the pressure in the external cavity 5 is relatively small, and the gas pressure in the external cavity 5 is less than the elastic force of the right spring 7. The piston 6 is in a compressed state and the piston 6 is not opened. At this time, the engine exhaust gas directly enters the turbine rotor 1, ensuring the boost ratio and acceleration performance of the supercharger under low speed conditions.

[0030] When the engine is running at a high speed, as the high-pressure gas continuously enters the turbine housing 3, and then enters the external cavity 5 through the turbine housing 3, the gas pressure in the external cavity 5 becomes larger and larger. When the gas pressure in the external cavity 5 is higher than the elastic force set by the right spring 7, the piston 6 moves to the right, and the piston 6 opens. At this time, the gas smoothly enters the turbine rotor 1 along the nozzle ring hole 11 through the turbine housing return hole 10, and drives the turbine rotor 1 to rotate and do work, thereby improving the compression ratio and efficiency, ensuring the high-speed performance of the supercharger, improving the output power of the engine, and improving the performance of the engine.

[0031] It can make more gas in the channel of turbine shell 3 enter turbine rotor 1 at high speed of supercharger, increase the air intake of turbine at high speed and high expansion ratio of supercharger, increase the flow capacity of turbine, improve the high-speed performance of supercharger, and also improve the maximum power and torque of matching engine, improve the specific power of engine, improve the power of engine, reduce the fuel consumption of engine and improve the economy of engine.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the utility model.

Claims

1. A structure for improving the high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger, characterized in that: The invention comprises a turbine shell (3), wherein a turbine rotor (1) is rotatably arranged inside the turbine shell (3), a nozzle ring (2) is fixedly arranged on the turbine shell (3) at the wheel back of the turbine rotor (1), an external cavity (5) is provided on the turbine shell (3), a turbine shell inlet hole (4) connected to the external cavity (5) is provided on the inner wall of the turbine shell (3), the turbine shell (3) is also provided with a turbine shell return hole (10) connecting the external cavity (5) with the inner cavity of the turbine shell (3), and a piston (6) for controlling the opening and closing of the turbine shell inlet hole (4) and the turbine shell return hole (10) is adaptively slidably arranged inside the external cavity (5).

2. A structure for improving high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle ring (2) is provided with a nozzle ring hole (11) which is connected to the turbine shell return hole (10).

3. The structure for improving high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nozzle ring hole (11) comprises a main air outlet hole (12) connected to the turbine shell return hole (10), and a plurality of air distribution holes (13) are arranged in parallel on the main air outlet hole (12).

4. The structure for improving high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover plate (9) is fixedly provided at the outer end of the turbine shell (3), and the cover plate (9) closes the external cavity (5). A spring (7) is provided in the external cavity (5), and two ends of the spring (7) respectively abut against the piston (6) and the cover plate (9).

5. The structure for improving high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the cover plate, and one end of the spring (7) is inserted into the fixing protrusion.

6. The structure for improving high-speed performance of a fixed nozzle ring turbocharger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cover plate (9) is fixed to the outer end of the turbine shell (3) via a clamp (8).

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