Manual mold for simulating pore-derived retinal detachment occurrence and reset mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a manual mold for simulating a pore-derived retinal detachment occurrence and reduction mechanism. The manual mold comprises a ciliary body, a retina and a choroid, the choroid is connected to the rear part of the ciliary body and positioned in the middle layer of the eyeball wall; the retina is the inner layer of the eyeball wall, and a vitreous cavity for accommodating the vitreous body is formed on the inner side surface; the retina comprises a nerve cell layer located on the inner side and a pigment epithelium located on the outer side, the pigment epithelium is bonded to the inner wall of the choroid, and the nerve cell layer is provided with a separation area; a vitreous body bag filled with gas is arranged in the vitreous body cavity, the vitreous body bag is adhered to the inner wall of the vitreous body cavity, and flowable liquid is arranged in a nerve cell layer separation area between the vitreous body cavity and the vitreous body bag; the nerve cell layer is provided with a valve in the separation area, the bottom of the valve is connected with the pigment epithelium layer, and the valve is connected to the vitreous body bag. The teaching demonstration device is strong in simulation, can realize on-site practical operation, is good in visual communication effect, and can greatly improve the teaching demonstration effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical models, and in particular to a manual mold for simulating the occurrence and repositioning mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there is no manual mold on the market that can simulate the occurrence and reposition mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Since the subjects are not ophthalmologists, they do not understand the structure and function of the eye. When the medical staff explain the occurrence and reposition mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment to them, it is difficult for the patients to understand only through pictures or verbal descriptions. Therefore, there is a communication barrier in the preoperative explanation, which leads to the hidden danger of postoperative disputes. During the clinical internship, students of ophthalmology have only a partial understanding of eye anatomy, and the teaching teachers only use pictures or verbal descriptions to prevent students from fully understanding the teaching content, resulting in poor teaching results. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a manual mold for simulating the occurrence and resetting mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, which can improve the teaching effect through on-site demonstration.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A manual mold for simulating the occurrence and repositioning mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, comprising a ciliary body, a retina, and a choroid; the choroid is connected to the back of the ciliary body and is located in the middle layer of the eyeball wall; the retina is the inner layer of the eyeball wall, and its inner side forms a vitreous cavity for accommodating the vitreous body; the retina comprises a nerve cell layer located on the inner side and a pigment epithelium layer located on the outer side, the pigment epithelium layer is bonded to the inner wall of the choroid, and the nerve cell layer has a detachment area; a vitreous capsule filled with gas is arranged in the vitreous cavity, the vitreous capsule is bonded to the inner wall of the vitreous cavity, and a flowable liquid is arranged between the vitreous cavity and the vitreous capsule in the detachment area of ​​the nerve cell layer; the nerve cell layer is in the detachment area The domain has a valve, the bottom of the valve is connected to the pigment epithelium, and the valve is connected to the vitreous capsule; after the gas in the vitreous capsule is sucked out, the vitreous capsule shrinks to simulate vitreous liquefaction, and the valve mouth opens after the valve is pulled by the vitreous capsule, and the liquid enters between the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium of the retina through the valve mouth, causing the separation of the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium in the detachment area, that is, simulating the occurrence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; the wrinkled vitreous capsule is filled after being injected with gas, and the detached nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium are adhered, and at the same time the liquid between the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium of the retina is squeezed out, and the valve mouth is closed, that is, simulating the reattachment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

[0006] Preferably, the flap is U-shaped or horseshoe-shaped.

[0007] Preferably, the detachment area is located in the superotemporal position of the eyeball.

[0008] Preferably, the vitreous capsule is polyimide high-performance engineering plastic.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes sclera and iris, wherein the sclera, iris, choroid, pigment epithelium and non-detached nerve cell layer are made of tempered glass, and the detached nerve cell layer is made of light yellow high elastic material.

[0010] Preferably, the iris, ciliary body, and choroid are red; the sclera is white and translucent; the retina is light yellow and translucent; and the vitreous capsule is light yellow.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an external insufflation and suction cylinder, through which the vitreous capsule is inserted to suction or inject gas.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the manual mold of the utility model for simulating the occurrence and resetting mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment has strong simulation, can realize on-site operation, is highly intuitive, has good visual communication effect, is easy to understand, can greatly improve the teaching effect, and is easy to carry and simple to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a manual mold for simulating the occurrence and resetting mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the manual mold simulating the retinal reattachment mechanism shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly set on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0018] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a manual mold for simulating the occurrence and resetting mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The manual mold is designed to simulate the intraocular structure of the occurrence and resetting mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and the eyeball wall is made of special materials and dyes, with strong simulation.

[0022] The sagittal structure of the eyeball includes sclera 1, iris 2, ciliary body 3, base 4, vitreous capsule 5, valve 6, retina 7, choroid 8, optic disc 9, macula 10, etc. The mold can also be provided with a bracket 11 to place the above-mentioned simulated eyeball structure.

[0023] The choroid 8 is connected to the rear of the ciliary body 3 and is the middle layer of the eyeball wall. The retina 7 is the inner layer of the eyeball wall, and its inner side accommodates the vitreous body. This cavity is called the vitreous cavity. The retina 7 includes a nerve cell layer located on the inner side and a pigment epithelium located on the outer side. The pigment epithelium is bonded to the inner wall of the choroid, and the nerve cell layer has a detachment area (specifically, it can be equivalent to the temporal position above the eyeball, which is the most common position for detachment when a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment occurs in the actual eyeball). The flat part of the ciliary body 3 forms a base 4 that is closely connected with the choroid 8 and the retinal pigment epithelium.

[0024] A vitreous body capsule 5 filled with gas is provided in the vitreous body cavity, the vitreous body capsule 5 is bonded to the inner wall of the vitreous body cavity, and a flowable liquid is provided in the region where the nerve cell layer is detached between the vitreous body cavity and the vitreous body capsule 5. The vitreous body capsule 5 can be inserted through the eyeball wall by the injection and suction cylinder 12, and the position of the cylinder insertion port of the injection and suction cylinder 12 can be about 4 mm above the iris of the mold.

[0025] The nerve cell layer has a valve 6 in the detached area, the bottom of the valve 6 is connected to the pigment epithelium, and the valve 6 is connected to the vitreous capsule 5. The valve is preferably U-shaped or horseshoe-shaped. The valve opening is used to simulate the hole when rhegmatogenous retinal detachment occurs.

[0026] After the gas in the vitreous capsule 5 is sucked out through the gas cylinder insertion port, the vitreous capsule 5 shrinks and "posterior vitreous detachment" occurs, simulating vitreous liquefaction (such as Figure 1 As shown in A in the figure, the valve 6 is pulled by the vitreous capsule 5 and the valve opening is opened, and the liquid 14 enters the space between the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium of the retina 7 through the valve opening, causing the separation of the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium, that is, simulating the occurrence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (the detached nerve cell layer is in Figure 1 Inject gas 15 into the shrunken vitreous body capsule 5 through the gas cylinder insertion port to fill it up (such as Figure 2 The detached nerve cell layer is attached to the pigment epithelium, and at the same time, the liquid 14 (simulating liquefied vitreous) between the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium of the retina 7 is squeezed out, and the valve is closed, simulating the reattachment of the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

[0027] In this embodiment, the entire device is made of transparent material, the internal tissue sclera, iris, choroid, pigment epithelium, and the non-detached nerve cell layer are made of tempered glass, the detached nerve cell layer is made of light yellow high elastic material, and the vitreous capsule is polyimide (PI) high-performance engineering plastic, which can be adsorbed on the glass surface and has excellent mechanical properties, high temperature stability, chemical stability, etc. The external injection and suction cylinder is made of PVC.

[0028] The iris, ciliary body, and choroid are red; the sclera is white and translucent; the retina is light yellow and translucent; the vitreous capsule is light yellow; and other devices are colorless and transparent.

[0029] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A manual mold for simulating the occurrence and repositioning mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ciliary body, a retina and a choroid; the choroid is connected to the back of the ciliary body and is located in the middle layer of the eyeball wall; the retina is the inner layer of the eyeball wall, and its inner side forms a vitreous cavity for accommodating the vitreous body; the retina comprises a nerve cell layer located on the inner side and a pigment epithelium layer located on the outer side, the pigment epithelium layer is bonded to the inner wall of the choroid, and the nerve cell layer has a detached area; a vitreous capsule filled with gas is provided in the vitreous cavity, the vitreous capsule is bonded to the inner wall of the vitreous cavity, and a flowable liquid is provided between the vitreous cavity and the vitreous capsule in the detached area of ​​the nerve cell layer; the nerve cell layer has a valve in the detached area, the bottom of the valve is connected to the pigment epithelium layer, and the valve is connected to the vitreous capsule; after the gas in the vitreous capsule is sucked out, the vitreous capsule shrinks to simulate vitreous liquefaction, the valve mouth is opened after the valve is pulled by the vitreous capsule, and the liquid enters between the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium layer of the retina through the valve mouth, causing the separation of the nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium layer in the detached area, that is, simulating the occurrence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; The wrinkled vitreous capsule is filled after being injected with gas, which fits the detached nerve cell layer to the pigment epithelium and squeezes out the fluid between the retinal nerve cell layer and the pigment epithelium. The valve is closed, simulating the repositioning of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

2. The manual mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flap is U-shaped or horseshoe-shaped.

3. The manual mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachment area is located in the superior temporal position of the eyeball.

4. The manual mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vitreous capsule is made of polyimide high-performance engineering plastic.

5. The manual mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes sclera and iris. The sclera, iris, choroid, pigment epithelium and non-detached nerve cell layer are made of tempered glass, and the detached nerve cell layer is made of light yellow high-elastic material.

6. The manual mold according to claim 5, characterized in that: The iris, ciliary body, and choroid are red; the sclera is white and translucent; the retina is light yellow and translucent; and the vitreous capsule is light yellow.

7. The manual mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is an external insufflation and suction cylinder, through which the vitreous body capsule is inserted to suction or inject gas.

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