Crop straw crushing and sieving equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of straw processing, in particular to crop straw smashing and screening equipment which comprises a processing box, a second filter plate, a vibration assembly, smashing teeth and a spraying pipe. A first filter plate is horizontally arranged in the processing box, a first discharge port is formed in the side wall, above the first filter plate, of the processing box, and a second discharge port is formed in the side wall, above the first discharge port, of the processing box; the second filter plate is arranged in the processing box above the first filter plate, the first end of the second filter plate is hinged to the processing box, and the second end of the second filter plate inclines downwards and extends out of the processing box through the second discharge port; the vibration assembly is arranged on the processing box and used for driving the second filter plate to vibrate; and the two crushing teeth are symmetrically arranged in the processing box below the feeding port and can rotate under the action of the driving assembly, and the distance between the two crushing teeth can be adjusted under the action of the adjusting assembly. The crusher has the advantages of good crushing effect and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of straw processing, in particular to crop straw crushing and screening equipment. Background Art

[0002] Corn stalks are usually crushed as roughage before feeding livestock to reduce their volume and make the feed easier for animals to eat and digest. However, during the crushing process, for ruminants such as cattle and sheep, they are usually crushed to 10-30 mm, which is not only conducive to animal chewing and swallowing, but also can avoid excessive crushing that causes the feed to ferment too quickly in the rumen or reduce the animal's selectivity for feed, thereby affecting its digestive health.

[0003] However, the crushing equipment uses mechanical force to tear and cut the straw. During the crushing process, it is inevitable that some of the straw will be crushed into particles smaller than this range. The smaller particles of straw will be mixed with the straw of the finished particle size, resulting in the ruminants being unable to fully chew the smaller particles of straw when eating, affecting saliva secretion and rumen fermentation process, thereby possibly reducing the nutritional value of the feed. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model provides a crop straw crushing and screening device, aiming to solve the problems of poor feed crushing effect and low nutritional value in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions: a crop straw crushing and screening device, comprising:

[0006] A processing box, with a feed port on the top, a first filter plate horizontally arranged in the processing box, a first discharge port on the side wall of the processing box above the first filter plate, and a second discharge port on the side wall above the first discharge port;

[0007] A second filter plate is disposed in the processing box above the first filter plate, with a first end hinged to the processing box and a second end tilted downward and extending out of the processing box through a second discharge port;

[0008] A vibration assembly, disposed on the processing box, and used to drive the second filter plate to vibrate;

[0009] Two crushing teeth are symmetrically arranged in the processing box below the feed port and can rotate under the action of the driving component, and the distance between the two crushing teeth can be adjusted under the action of the adjusting component;

[0010] A spray pipe is arranged in the processing box below the crushing teeth, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged on the spray pipe. One end of the spray pipe passes through the processing box and is connected to the water tank through a water inlet pipe.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the adjustment component comprises:

[0012] Two first guide rods are arranged in parallel in the processing box, and a first moving seat and a second moving seat are slidably arranged on each of the first guide rods, wherein two ends of one of the crushing teeth are respectively connected to the two first moving seat rotating shafts, and two ends of the other crushing tooth are respectively connected to the two second moving seat rotating shafts;

[0013] The adjusting shaft is arranged in parallel with the first guide rod in the processing box and rotates under the drive of the first motor. The adjusting shaft is provided with two threaded sections with opposite rotation directions, and the two threaded sections are respectively threadedly connected with the corresponding first moving seat and second moving seat.

[0014] A further improvement of the utility model is that the driving assembly comprises:

[0015] A driving shaft is arranged in parallel with the first guide rod in the processing box and rotated by the second motor, and a guide key is arranged on the driving shaft;

[0016] Two rotating seats are coaxially and rotatably disposed on the first movable seat and the second movable seat respectively, and the two rotating seats are slidably disposed on the driving shaft, and are provided with guide grooves adapted to the guide keys;

[0017] Two first bevel gears are respectively arranged on two rotating seats and installed in opposite directions;

[0018] The two second bevel gears are respectively arranged at the ends of the two crushing teeth and are respectively meshed with the two first bevel gears.

[0019] A further improvement of the utility model is that the vibration assembly includes a third motor arranged on the processing box, the output end of the third motor is provided with a cam, and the working surface of the cam abuts against the lower surface of the second filter plate.

[0020] A further improvement of the utility model is that a rubber pad is provided on the lower surface of the second filter plate.

[0021] A further improvement of the utility model is that the spray pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe via a rotary joint, and the spray pipe can swing under the action of a swing component.

[0022] A further improvement of the utility model is that the swing assembly comprises:

[0023] A first rack is slidably disposed in a slideway on the processing box and meshes with a first gear on the spray pipe;

[0024] The fourth motor is arranged on the processing box, and a driving disk is arranged at an output end of the fourth motor. An eccentric shaft eccentrically arranged on the driving disk is slidably connected with a sliding groove on the first rack.

[0025] A further improvement of the utility model is that the bottom of the processing box is connected to the water tank through a drainage pipe.

[0026] A further improvement of the utility model is that a feed hopper is provided at the feed inlet.

[0027] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by the utility model is:

[0028] The utility model provides a crop straw crushing and screening device, the straw is fed into a processing box through a feed inlet, at which time it is crushed under the action of two crushing teeth and falls on a second filter plate, the vibration mechanism drives the filter plate to vibrate, and the straw with a smaller particle size is screened onto the first filter plate, so as to complete the separation and ensure the nutritional value of the feed, and the spacing between the two crushing teeth can be adjusted under the action of an adjustment component to crush straws of different particle sizes, the utility model has a wide range of applications, and the spray pipe arranged in the processing box can spray the crushed straw to avoid dust generation during the vibration of the second filter plate and influence on the processing environment.

[0029] The above technical progress is mainly achieved by the following detailed technical improvements:

[0030] 1. The first motor drives the adjusting shaft to rotate, and then the two threaded sections on it will drive the first moving seat and the second moving seat to move in opposite directions along the first guide rod, and then the first moving seat and the second moving seat will drive the crushing teeth to move, so as to adjust the gap between the two crushing teeth, which is easy to adjust.

[0031] 2. The spray pipe swinging under the action of the swing component can change the spray direction, thereby expanding the spray range, so that the spray droplets can cover the second filter plate more comprehensively, and through swinging, the spray pipe can ensure a more uniform spray distribution, avoid local excessive wetting or drying, effectively suppress dust from being raised, and improve dust reduction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a crop straw crushing and screening device according to the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary joint of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the swing assembly of the utility model;

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 10-processing box, 11-first filter plate, 12-first discharge port, 13-second discharge port, 14-second filter plate, 15-crushing teeth, 20-vibration assembly, 21-third motor, 22-cam, 30-driving assembly, 31-driving shaft, 32-second motor, 33-rotating seat, 34-guide key, 36-first bevel gear, 37-second bevel gear, 40-adjusting assembly, 41-first guide rod, 42-first moving seat, 43-second moving seat, 44-adjusting shaft, 45-first motor, 50-spray pipe, 51-water inlet pipe, 52-water tank, 60-rotating joint, 61-swinging assembly, 62-first rack, 63-first gear, 64-fourth motor, 65-driving disk, 66-eccentric shaft, 67-sliding groove, 70-drain pipe, 71-feed hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, in the following description, specific details such as specific system structures and technologies are proposed for the purpose of explanation rather than limitation, so as to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the utility model. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the utility model can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from hindering the description of the utility model.

[0040] The utility model provides a crop straw crushing and screening device, according to the instructions attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 It can be seen that a crop straw crushing and screening device mainly includes the following parts or components: a processing box 10, a second filter plate 14, a vibration component 20, a crushing tooth 15, and a spray pipe 50. The connection relationship of each part or component is as follows:

[0041] A feed port is provided at the top of the processing box 10, a first filter plate 11 is horizontally provided in the processing box 10, a first discharge port 12 is provided on the side wall of the processing box 10 above the first filter plate 11, and a second discharge port 13 is provided on the side wall above the first discharge port 12; a second filter plate 14 is provided in the processing box 10 above the first filter plate 11, a first end of the second filter plate 14 is hinged to the processing box 10, and a second end is tilted downward and extends out of the processing box 10 through the second discharge port 13; a vibration assembly 20 is provided on the processing box 10, and is used to drive the second filter plate 14 to vibrate; two crushing teeth 15 are symmetrically provided in the processing box 10 below the feed port, and can rotate under the action of the driving assembly 30, and the spacing between the two crushing teeth 15 can be adjusted under the action of the adjusting assembly 40; a spray pipe 50 is provided in the processing box 10 below the crushing teeth 15, and a plurality of nozzles are provided thereon, and one end of the spray pipe 50 passes through the processing box 10 and is connected to the water tank 52 through the water inlet pipe 51.

[0042] The straw first enters the box through the feed port on the top of the processing box 10. The two crushing teeth 15 arranged below the feed port rotate relative to each other under the drive of the driving component 30 to perform preliminary crushing on the straw. The adjusting component 40 can adjust the distance between the two crushing teeth 15 to meet the crushing requirements of straw of different sizes. The crushed straw falls on the second filter plate 14, the larger particles remain on the second filter plate 14, and the fine particles pass through the filter plate and fall to the first filter plate 11 below.

[0043] The straw that has not passed through the second filter plate 14 is discharged through the second feed port. This part of the straw can be used as feed for cattle and sheep. In addition, the second filter plate 14 can also vibrate at a high frequency under the action of the vibration component 20 to help fine particles pass through the filter holes and improve the screening efficiency.

[0044] The spray pipe 50 will spray water to the straw through multiple nozzles to moisten the straw and reduce dust. The straw on the first filter plate 11 can be discharged through the first discharge port 12 and used as concentrated feed preparation. Excess water can flow into the bottom of the processing box 10 through the first filter plate 11 to complete the separation from the fine straw.

[0045] The second filter plate 14 vibrates under the action of the vibration assembly 20, which helps prevent straw from blocking the filter holes and improves the screening efficiency. In addition, the spacing of the crushing teeth 15 is adjustable, so that the device can process straws of different sizes, thereby enhancing the versatility and application range of the device.

[0046] The internal spray pipe 50 can effectively suppress the dust flying during the processing, reduce environmental pollution, protect the equipment and extend its service life.

[0047] As an embodiment, according to the attached Figure 1It can be seen that the adjustment component 40 includes: two first guide rods 41 are arranged in parallel in the processing box 10, and each first guide rod 41 is slidably provided with a first movable seat 42 and a second movable seat 43, wherein the two ends of one crushing tooth 15 are respectively connected to the two first movable seat 42 rotating shafts, and the two ends of the other crushing tooth 15 are respectively connected to the two second movable seat 43 rotating shafts; the adjustment shaft 44 is arranged in parallel with the first guide rod 41 in the processing box 10, and rotates under the drive of the first motor 45, and two threaded sections with opposite rotation directions are arranged on the adjustment shaft 44, and the two threaded sections are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding first movable seat 42 and second movable seat 43.

[0048] Driven by the first motor 45, the first movable seat 42 and the second movable seat 43 can be precisely controlled to slide along the first guide rod 41, thereby synchronously adjusting the distance between the two crushing teeth 15. When the size of the straw on the second filter plate 14 is too large, the distance between the two crushing teeth 15 can be reduced to reduce the size of the crushed straw. The presence of the first guide rod 41 ensures that the movable seat slides smoothly along the preset track during the adjustment process, avoiding the instability and offset problems caused by the adjustment, ensuring the stability of the crushing process, and convenient operation.

[0049] In this embodiment, according to the specification Figure 1 It can be seen that the driving assembly 30 includes: a driving shaft 31 and a first guide rod 41 are arranged in parallel in the processing box 10, and rotate under the drive of the second motor 32, and a guide key 34 is arranged on the driving shaft 31; two rotating seats 33 are coaxially and rotatably arranged on the first movable seat 42 and the second movable seat 43, and the two rotating seats 33 are slidably arranged on the driving shaft 31, and a guide groove compatible with the guide key 34 is arranged thereon; two first bevel gears 36 are respectively arranged on the two rotating seats 33, and the installation directions are opposite; two second bevel gears 37 are respectively arranged at the ends of the two crushing teeth 15, and are respectively meshed with the two first bevel gears 36.

[0050] When the second motor 32 drives the driving shaft 31 to rotate, it can drive the two rotating seats 33 on the first moving seat 42 and the second moving seat 43 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the two first bevel gears 36 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 37 meshing with the first bevel gear 36 drives the crushing roller to rotate.

[0051] When the positions of the first movable seat 42 and the second movable seat 43 change, the driving shaft 31 can always drive the two rotating seats 33 to rotate under the cooperation of the guide key 34 and the guide groove to ensure normal operation.

[0052] As an embodiment, according to the attached Figure 1It can be seen that the vibration assembly 20 includes a third motor 21 disposed on the processing box 10 . A cam 22 is disposed at the output end of the third motor 21 . The working surface of the cam 22 abuts against the lower surface of the second filter plate 14 .

[0053] As the third motor 21 operates, the working surface of the cam 22 periodically contacts and squeezes the lower surface of the second filter plate 14, thereby causing the second filter plate 14 to vibrate continuously and reciprocatingly. This vibration can help fine particles pass through the filter holes, especially when straw is piled up on the filter plate, which can effectively prevent blockage, keep the screening process smooth, and enable fine particles to pass through the screening faster and more completely, thereby improving the screening efficiency.

[0054] In this embodiment, according to the specification Figure 1 It can be seen that a rubber pad is provided on the lower surface of the second filter plate 14 , which can play a good buffering role, reduce the direct impact between the cam 22 and the second filter plate 14 , thereby reducing noise and extending the service life of the second filter plate 14 and the cam 22 .

[0055] As an embodiment, according to the attached Figure 1 It can be seen that the spray pipe 50 is connected to the water inlet pipe 51 via a rotary joint 60 , and the spray pipe 50 can swing under the action of the swing component 61 .

[0056] The spray pipe 50 swinging under the action of the swing component 61 can change the spray direction, thereby expanding the spray range, so that the spray droplets can more comprehensively cover the second filter plate 14, and through swinging, the spray pipe 50 can ensure that the spray distribution is more uniform, avoid local excessive wetting or drying, effectively suppress dust from being raised, and improve dust reduction efficiency.

[0057] In this embodiment, according to the specification Figure 1 It can be seen that the swing assembly 61 includes: a first rack 62 slidably arranged in a slideway on the processing box 10 and meshing with the first gear 63 on the spray pipe 50; a fourth motor 64 is arranged on the processing box 10, and a drive disk 65 is arranged at its output end, and an eccentric shaft 66 eccentrically arranged on the drive disk 65 is slidably connected to a sliding groove 67 on the first rack 62.

[0058] The fourth motor 64 drives the first rack 62 to slide in the slideway through the driving disk 65 and the eccentric shaft 66. The first rack 62 is meshed with the first gear 63 on the spray pipe 50. When the motor is running, the spray pipe 50 is driven to swing back and forth, so that the sprayed water mist can cover every corner of the processing box 10 more evenly, thereby improving the dust reduction effect.

[0059] In this embodiment, according to the specification Figure 1It can be seen that the bottom of the processing box 10 is connected to the water tank 52 through the drain pipe 70. Excess clean water can flow back to the water tank 52 along the drain pipe 70, realizing the recycling of water resources and saving water resources.

[0060] In this embodiment, according to the specification Figure 1 It can be seen that a feed hopper 71 is provided at the feed inlet to facilitate the feeding of straw.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this patent application, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the sentence "includes an element defined by ... does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element".

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crop straw crushing and screening device, characterized in that: include: A processing box, with a feed port on the top, a first filter plate horizontally arranged in the processing box, a first discharge port on the side wall of the processing box above the first filter plate, and a second discharge port on the side wall above the first discharge port; A second filter plate is disposed in the processing box above the first filter plate, with a first end hinged to the processing box and a second end tilted downward and extending out of the processing box through a second discharge port; A vibration assembly, disposed on the processing box, and used to drive the second filter plate to vibrate; Two crushing teeth are symmetrically arranged in the processing box below the feed port and can rotate under the action of the driving component, and the distance between the two crushing teeth can be adjusted under the action of the adjusting component; A spray pipe is arranged in the processing box below the crushing teeth, and a plurality of spray heads are arranged on the spray pipe. One end of the spray pipe passes through the processing box and is connected to the water tank through a water inlet pipe.

2. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment component comprises: Two first guide rods are arranged in parallel in the processing box, and a first moving seat and a second moving seat are slidably arranged on each of the first guide rods, wherein two ends of one of the crushing teeth are respectively connected to the two first moving seat rotating shafts, and two ends of the other crushing tooth are respectively connected to the two second moving seat rotating shafts; The adjusting shaft is arranged in parallel with the first guide rod in the processing box and rotates under the drive of the first motor. The adjusting shaft is provided with two threaded sections with opposite rotation directions, and the two threaded sections are respectively threadedly connected with the corresponding first moving seat and second moving seat.

3. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly comprises: A driving shaft is arranged in parallel with the first guide rod in the processing box and rotated by the second motor, and a guide key is arranged on the driving shaft; Two rotating seats are coaxially and rotatably disposed on the first movable seat and the second movable seat respectively, and the two rotating seats are slidably disposed on the driving shaft, and are provided with guide grooves adapted to the guide keys; Two first bevel gears are respectively arranged on two rotating seats and installed in opposite directions; The two second bevel gears are respectively arranged at the ends of the two crushing teeth and are respectively meshed with the two first bevel gears.

4. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration assembly includes a third motor arranged on the processing box, and a cam is arranged at the output end of the third motor, and the working surface of the cam abuts against the lower surface of the second filter plate.

5. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber pad is arranged on the lower surface of the second filter plate.

6. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe through a rotating joint, and the spray pipe can swing under the action of the swing component.

7. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swing assembly comprises: A first rack is slidably disposed in a slideway on the processing box and meshes with a first gear on the spray pipe; The fourth motor is arranged on the processing box, and a driving disk is arranged at an output end of the fourth motor. An eccentric shaft eccentrically arranged on the driving disk is slidably connected with a sliding groove on the first rack.

8. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the processing box is connected with the water tank through a drainage pipe.

9. The crop straw crushing and screening equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A feeding hopper is arranged at the feeding port.

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