Battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack. The battery pack comprises: a battery box having a first mounting cavity; the battery module is mounted in the first mounting cavity, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells which are arranged in sequence, an anti-explosion valve is arranged at the top of each battery cell, a pressure discharge channel is arranged in the battery box, and the pressure discharge channel is communicated with the outside of the battery box; and the gas guide structure is located above the battery module, the gas guide structure comprises a gas guide channel and a plurality of openings communicated with the gas guide channel, the plurality of openings are arranged corresponding to at least part of the explosion-proof valves, and the gas guide channel is communicated with the pressure discharge channel. The battery pack provided by the technical scheme of the utility model can effectively reduce the probability of heat diffusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] At present, the new energy industry is developing rapidly. As the core of electric vehicle development, the safety and energy density of power battery packs have received extensive attention. In the battery packs of the prior art, the ejected materials cannot be vented in a directional manner after the battery cell thermal runaway, so that the ejected materials generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell directly act on the surrounding modules, resulting in the occurrence of heat diffusion. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery pack, which can effectively reduce the probability of thermal diffusion.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the utility model, a battery pack is provided, including: a battery box, having a first installation cavity; a battery module, installed in the first installation cavity, the battery module including a plurality of battery cells arranged in sequence, each battery cell being provided with a battery cell explosion-proof valve on the top, a pressure relief channel being provided in the battery box, and the pressure relief channel being connected to the outside of the battery box; an air guide structure, the air guide structure being located above the battery module, the air guide structure including an air guide channel and a plurality of openings connected to the air guide channel, the plurality of openings being provided corresponding to at least some of the battery cell explosion-proof valves, and the air guide channel being connected to the pressure relief channel.

[0005] Furthermore, there are multiple gas guide structures and multiple battery modules, the multiple battery modules are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the multiple gas guide structures are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple battery modules.

[0006] Furthermore, the number of openings of each air guide structure is the same as the number of battery cells of the battery module arranged corresponding thereto, and the multiple openings are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple explosion-proof valves of the explosion-proof valve battery cells.

[0007] Furthermore, the battery box also has a second installation cavity, the first installation cavity and the second installation cavity are independently arranged, the pressure relief channel is located on a side of the first installation cavity away from the second installation cavity, and the air guide structure is located in the first installation cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the battery pack also includes a first side plate and a second side plate, which are arranged in the battery box at intervals along the second direction to form a first installation cavity and a second installation cavity, and the second side plate and the side wall of the battery box together form a pressure discharge channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery box also includes a high-voltage component, which is installed in the second installation cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, at least one control member is provided on the side wall of the battery box opposite to the second side plate to control the connection state between the pressure discharge channel and the outside of the battery box.

[0011] Furthermore, a first mounting groove is provided on the second side plate, the air guide structure extends along the second direction, and one end of the air guide structure away from the second mounting cavity is installed in the first mounting groove.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple first installation grooves and multiple air guiding structures, the multiple air guiding structures are arranged along the first direction, and the multiple first installation grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple air guiding structures.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery box also includes a cover plate, which is installed on the battery box, the battery cell explosion-proof valve is located on the top of the battery cell, the cover plate is located on the top of the battery module, and the air guide structure is installed on the cover plate; and / or, a second mounting groove is provided on the cover plate, and the air guide structure is installed in the second mounting groove.

[0014] The technical solution of the utility model is applied, and a battery box, a battery module and a gas guide structure are provided. The opening on the gas guide structure is provided toward the battery module, and a plurality of openings can be provided corresponding to the explosion-proof valves of the battery cells on at least some of the battery cells. When the battery cells have thermal runaway, the ejecta and gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells first break through the explosion-proof valves of the battery cells, and then enter the gas guide channel through the openings provided corresponding to the explosion-proof valves of the battery cells, and then enter the pressure relief channel through the gas guide channel, and finally discharge from the battery box from the pressure relief channel. The above-mentioned arrangement can realize directional exhaust of at least some of the battery cells when thermal runaway occurs, avoid the high-temperature airflow generated when the battery cells have thermal runaway directly acting on the surrounding battery cells, and can effectively reduce the probability of heat diffusion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 An exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown; and

[0018] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate of the embodiment of the utility model is shown.

[0019] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0020] 10. Battery box; 11. First installation cavity; 111. Pressure relief channel; 12. Second installation cavity; 20. Battery module; 21. Battery cell; 30. Cover plate; 40. Air guide structure; 41. Opening; 50. First side plate; 60. Second side plate; 61. First installation slot; 70. Control component; 80. High-voltage component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0022] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the utility model provides a battery pack, which includes: a battery box 10, having a first installation cavity 11; a battery module 20, installed in the first installation cavity 11, the battery module 20 includes a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged in sequence, and a battery cell explosion-proof valve is provided on the top of each battery cell 21, and a pressure relief channel 111 is provided in the battery box 10, and the pressure relief channel 111 is connected to the outside of the battery box 10; an air guide structure 40, the air guide structure 40 is located above the battery module 20, the air guide structure 40 includes an air guide channel and a plurality of openings 41 connected to the air guide channel, the plurality of openings 41 are arranged corresponding to at least part of the battery cell explosion-proof valves, and the air guide channel is connected to the pressure relief channel 111.

[0023] In this embodiment, each battery cell 21 is provided with a battery cell explosion-proof valve, and the opening 41 on the gas guide structure 40 is arranged toward the battery module 20, and the plurality of openings 41 can be arranged corresponding to the battery cell explosion-proof valves on at least some of the battery cells 21. When the battery cell 21 has thermal runaway, the ejection (i.e., a high-temperature and high-pressure gas mixture) generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 first breaks through the battery cell explosion-proof valve, and then enters the gas guide channel through the opening 41 arranged corresponding to the battery cell explosion-proof valve, and then enters the pressure relief channel 111 through the gas guide channel, and finally discharges from the battery box 10 from the pressure relief channel 111. As can be seen from the above, the arrangement of the gas guide structure 40 of the present application can realize the directional exhaust of at least some of the battery cells 21 when thermal runaway occurs, and avoid the high-temperature airflow generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 directly acting on the surrounding battery cells 21 or the high-voltage components 80 (such as the high-voltage distribution box) in the battery box 10, so that the probability of heat diffusion can be effectively reduced, and the high-voltage arcing phenomenon of the high-voltage components 80 can be avoided.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the air guide structures 40 and the number of the battery modules 20 are both multiple, the multiple battery modules 20 are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the multiple air guide structures 40 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple battery modules 20.

[0025] In this embodiment, a plurality of gas guide structures 40 are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and a plurality of gas guide structures 40 are arranged one-to-one corresponding to a plurality of battery modules 20. When a battery cell 21 of a battery module 20 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 breaks through the battery cell explosion-proof valve and enters the gas guide channel through the opening 41 on the gas guide structure 40, and then enters the pressure relief channel 111 through the gas guide channel, and finally is discharged from the battery box 10 from the pressure relief channel 111. Through the above arrangement, the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 can be discharged and the heat can be dissipated in time, thereby reducing the probability of thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of openings 41 of each air guide structure 40 is the same as the number of battery cells 21 of the corresponding battery module 20, and the multiple openings 41 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple battery cell explosion-proof valves.

[0027] In this embodiment, multiple openings 41 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with multiple battery cell explosion-proof valves. When a battery cell 21 has thermal runaway, the ejecta generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 directly breaks through the battery cell explosion-proof valve, and enters the air guide channel through the opening 41 arranged corresponding thereto, and then enters the pressure relief channel 111 through the air guide channel, and finally is discharged from the battery box 10 from the pressure relief channel 111. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, directional exhaust can be achieved when all battery cells 21 have thermal runaway, thereby preventing the battery pack as a whole from having thermal runaway.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the battery box 10 further has a second mounting cavity 12, the first mounting cavity 11 and the second mounting cavity 12 are independently arranged, the pressure relief channel 111 is located on a side of the first mounting cavity 11 away from the second mounting cavity 12, and the air guide structure 40 is located in the first mounting cavity 11. The battery box 10 further includes a high-voltage component 80, which is installed in the second mounting cavity 12.

[0029] In this embodiment, the battery module 20 is installed in the first installation cavity 11, and the high-voltage component 80 (such as a high-voltage distribution box) is installed in the second installation cavity 12. Since the first installation cavity 11 and the second installation cavity 12 are independently arranged and the first installation cavity 11 and the second installation cavity 12 are not connected to each other, the separation of high and low voltage areas can be achieved.

[0030] In the prior art, the high-voltage components 80 and the low-voltage components in the battery system are mixed in the same space. When the battery cell 21 thermally runs away, the high-voltage connector on the battery pack will produce high-voltage arcing under the action of the charged high-temperature airflow. The battery pack of the present application separates the high and low voltage areas, that is, the battery module 20 and the high-voltage component 80 are respectively installed in the first installation cavity 11 and the second installation cavity 12 that are not connected to each other. This can avoid the high-voltage arcing phenomenon caused by the high-voltage component 80 under the action of the charged high-temperature airflow when the battery cell 21 thermally runs away. At the same time, it can also avoid the high-temperature eruption generated after the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 from cross-linking with the strong electricity, causing the high-voltage component 80 to short-circuit.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the utility model, the battery box 10 also includes a cover plate 30, which is installed on the battery box 10, the battery cell explosion-proof valve is located on the top of the battery cell 21, the cover plate 30 is located on the top of the battery module 20, and the air guide structure 40 is installed on the cover plate 30.

[0032] In this embodiment, the gas guide structure 40 is installed on the cover plate 30 and is located in the first installation cavity 11. The battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged on the top of the battery cell 21. The battery cell explosion-proof valve is located between the positive electrode column and the negative electrode column of the battery cell 21. The opening 41 is arranged opposite to the battery cell explosion-proof valve. After the ejecta generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell are ejected through the battery cell explosion-proof valve, they enter the gas guide channel through the opening 41. At this time, the battery cell explosion-proof valve is completely isolated from the positive electrode column and the negative electrode column, so as to realize the separation of the thermal runaway area and the thermal runaway ejecta from the electrical connection area.

[0033] In the battery of the prior art, the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell and the pole ear are on the same side. In the actual thermal runaway propagation scenario, once the battery cell has thermal runaway, since there is no special exhaust channel in the battery pack, the ejecta are easy to splash everywhere inside the battery pack, and the battery and high-voltage components in the battery pack are not designed to be separated. The high-voltage components and the battery cell are in the same connected space. The ejecta of the battery cell splash everywhere, which is easy to cause a high-voltage short circuit and bring secondary hazards after thermal runaway. The battery pack of the present application realizes the separation of the thermal runaway area and the electrical connection area. When the battery cell 21 has thermal runaway, the ejecta generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 directly breaks through the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 21 and enters the air guide channel through the opening 41 without contacting the electrical connection area. This can not only avoid the ejecta after the thermal runaway of the battery cell 21 causing secondary damage to the battery cell 21, but also avoid the ejecta generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell from splashing and causing a short circuit of the high-voltage electrical device, further avoiding the risk of thermal diffusion.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 3As shown, in one embodiment of the utility model, the battery pack also includes a first side plate 50 and a second side plate 60, and the first side plate 50 and the second side plate 60 are arranged in the battery box 10 at intervals along the second direction to form a first installation cavity 11 and a second installation cavity 12, and the second side plate 60 and the side wall of the battery box 10 together form a pressure relief channel 111.

[0035] In this embodiment, the second direction refers to the arrangement direction of the multiple battery cells 21 constituting the battery module 20. The battery box 10 further includes a cover plate 30, which is mounted on the battery box 10 and sealed to the battery box 10, and the first side plate 50 and the second side plate 60 are arranged in the battery box 10 at intervals, and the second side plate 60 and the side wall of the battery box 10 together form a pressure discharge channel 111, and the pressure discharge channel 111 is not connected to the second installation cavity 12 as an independent pressure relief space, so that the high-temperature gas discharged into the pressure discharge channel 111 can be prevented from entering the second installation cavity 12, causing the high-voltage component 80 in the second installation cavity 12 to produce arcing.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least one control member 70 is disposed on the side wall of the battery box 10 opposite to the second side plate 60 to control the connection state between the pressure discharge channel 111 and the outside of the battery box 10 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the control component 70 can connect the pressure relief channel 111 to the external space of the battery box 10 or disconnect it. When the pressure relief channel 111 is filled with gas, the control component 70 can connect the pressure relief channel 111 to the external space of the battery box 10 to discharge the gas out of the battery box 10.

[0038] In one embodiment, the control element 70 is a pressure relief valve or an explosion-proof valve.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a first installation groove 61 is provided on the second side plate 60 , the air guide structure 40 extends along the second direction, and one end of the air guide structure 40 away from the second installation cavity 12 is installed in the first installation groove 61 .

[0040] In this embodiment, one end of the air guide structure 40 away from the second installation cavity 12 is installed in the first installation groove 61 . At this time, the second side plate 60 can support the air guide structure 40 .

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first installation grooves 61 and the number of the air guide structures 40 are both multiple, the multiple air guide structures 40 are arranged along the first direction, and the multiple first installation grooves 61 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple air guide structures 40.

[0042] In this embodiment, the ends of the plurality of air guide structures 40 away from the second installation cavity 12 are respectively installed in the first installation grooves 61 corresponding thereto. At this time, the second side plate 60 can support the plurality of air guide structures 40 at the same time.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, a second mounting groove is provided on the cover plate 30, and the air guide structure 40 is installed in the second mounting groove.

[0044] In this embodiment, the cover plate 30 is provided with a second mounting groove to provide a mounting space for the air guide structure 40. In addition, the air guide structure 40 is mounted on the cover plate 30 to support the cover plate 30 and enhance the structural strength of the cover plate 30. In addition, the provision of multiple openings 41 on the air guide structure 40 can also reduce the weight of the cover plate 30.

[0045] In one embodiment, the air guide structure 40 is integrally formed of sheet metal material, and the air guide structure 40 is welded to the cover plate 30 by spot welding. The battery box 10 is formed by splicing a plurality of plate segments. During installation, the cover plate 30 welded with the air guide structure 40 is installed on the battery box 10, and a sealant is used to seal the gap between the cover plate 30 and the battery box 10.

[0046] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model achieve the following technical effects: a battery box, a battery module and a gas guide structure are provided, the opening on the gas guide structure is provided toward the battery module, and a plurality of openings can be provided corresponding to the explosion-proof valves on at least some of the battery cells, and when the battery cells have thermal runaway, the ejecta and gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells first break through the explosion-proof valve, and then enter the gas guide channel through the opening provided corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, and then enter the pressure relief channel through the gas guide channel, and finally discharge from the battery box from the pressure relief channel. The above-mentioned arrangement can realize directional exhaust of at least some of the battery cells when thermal runaway occurs, avoid the high-temperature airflow generated when the battery cells have thermal runaway directly acting on the surrounding battery cells, and can effectively reduce the probability of heat diffusion.

[0047] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0049] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: A battery box (10) having a first installation cavity (11); A battery module (20) is installed in the first installation cavity (11), the battery module (20) comprises a plurality of battery cells (21) arranged in sequence, a battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged on the top of each battery cell (21), a pressure relief channel (111) is arranged in the battery box (10), and the pressure relief channel (111) is communicated with the outside of the battery box (10); An air guide structure (40), the air guide structure (40) being located above the battery module (20), the air guide structure (40) comprising an air guide channel and a plurality of openings (41) connected to the air guide channel, the plurality of openings (41) being arranged corresponding to at least a portion of the battery cell explosion-proof valves, and the air guide channel being connected to the pressure relief channel (111).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the gas guide structures (40) and the number of the battery modules (20) are both multiple, the multiple battery modules (20) are arranged in sequence along a first direction, and the multiple gas guide structures (40) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple battery modules (20).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the openings (41) of each of the air guide structures (40) is the same as the number of the battery cells (21) of the battery module (20) corresponding thereto, and the plurality of openings (41) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of battery cell explosion-proof valves.

4. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The battery box (10) further comprises a second installation cavity (12); the first installation cavity (11) and the second installation cavity (12) are independently arranged; the pressure relief channel (111) is located on a side of the first installation cavity (11) away from the second installation cavity (12); and the air guide structure (40) is located in the first installation cavity (11).

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises a first side plate (50) and a second side plate (60), wherein the first side plate (50) and the second side plate (60) are arranged in the battery box (10) at intervals along a second direction to form the first installation cavity (11) and the second installation cavity (12), and the second side plate (60) and the side wall of the battery box (10) together enclose the pressure discharge channel (111).

6. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery box (10) further comprises a high-voltage component (80), and the high-voltage component (80) is installed in the second installation cavity (12).

7. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one control component (70) is provided on the side wall of the battery box (10) opposite to the second side plate (60) to control the connection state between the pressure relief channel (111) and the outside of the battery box (10).

8. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second side plate (60) is provided with a first installation groove (61), the air guide structure (40) extends along the second direction, and one end of the air guide structure (40) away from the second installation cavity (12) is installed in the first installation groove (61).

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the first installation grooves (61) and the number of the air guide structures (40) are both multiple, the multiple air guide structures (40) are arranged along a first direction, and the multiple first installation grooves (61) and the multiple air guide structures (40) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box (10) further comprises a cover plate (30), wherein the cover plate (30) is mounted on the battery box (10), the battery cell explosion-proof valve is located on the top of the battery cell (21), the cover plate (30) is located on the top of the battery module (20), and the air guide structure (40) is mounted on the cover plate (30); and / or a second mounting groove is provided on the cover plate (30), and the air guide structure (40) is mounted in the second mounting groove.

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