Cantilever type combined retaining wall suitable for site-limited building
By designing cantilever joint retaining walls in buildings with restricted sites and using the overall foundation and drainage mechanism, the problems of high construction complexity and increased cost in the existing technology are solved, and space savings, simplicity of construction and the safety and stability of retaining walls are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420622942.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-28
AI Technical Summary
In the case of restricted site, existing cantilever joint retaining walls are difficult to construct and cannot meet the requirements of combining the building exterior walls and retaining walls, resulting in high construction complexity and increased cost.
A cantilever joint retaining wall suitable for buildings with restricted sites was designed. By setting a strip foundation under the exterior wall and an independent foundation under the building columns below the exterior wall of the reinforced concrete building, and using transverse foundation pull beams to form an overall foundation, the extension length of the strip foundation under the retaining wall was reduced. At the same time, longitudinal drainage pipes, water filter layers and drainage pads are installed to achieve effective drainage of water in the soil behind the retaining wall.
This design saves space, reduces the foundation thickness of the retaining wall and the excavation of the filling side foundation pit, reduces the construction complexity and cost, and enhances the safety and stability of the retaining wall.
Smart Images
Figure CN222575547U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of retaining walls and slope supports, in particular to a cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites. Background Art
[0002] Cantilever retaining walls can be used to prevent soil collapse and maintain soil stability. During construction, the foundation is first placed in the trench and fixed, and then the wall side of the vertical wall is filled with soil until it is flush with the ground, and the back side of the wall is filled with soil until it is flush with the top of the wall. The stress state of the vertical wall is similar to that of the cantilever beam, and it is mainly maintained stable by the reinforced concrete components to resist the deadweight of the soil on the back side of the wall. When the cantilever retaining wall adopts a reinforced concrete structure, the steel bars installed in the vertical wall can resist the bending moment generated by the soil, and the bearing capacity is improved. However, due to the light overall weight, the width or thickness of the bottom foundation needs to be increased to increase the overall weight and the contact surface between the foundation and the soil, thereby improving the anti-slip performance and anti-overturning ability of the retaining wall. For cantilever retaining walls that also serve as building exterior walls (i.e., combined retaining walls), the requirements are higher. In addition to adding an extended foundation, it is also necessary to excavate and replace the soil behind the wall within the inclination angle range of 20°~35° (see the relevant requirements of the atlas "Retaining Wall" (17J008)). When the site outside the building is limited, or the building exterior wall and the retaining wall cannot be separated by a seam, it is impossible to construct the above-mentioned cantilever combined retaining wall according to existing specifications. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites, and the following technical solutions can be specifically adopted:
[0004] The utility model is suitable for a cantilever combined retaining wall for buildings with limited sites, comprising a reinforced concrete building outer wall which also serves as a retaining vertical wall, a strip foundation under the outer wall extending longitudinally along the wall body is arranged below the reinforced concrete building outer wall, transverse foundation tension beams are arranged between the strip foundation under the outer wall and the independent foundation under the building column, and between the independent foundations under the building columns, and a drainage mechanism is arranged in the backfill soil on the back side of the reinforced concrete building outer wall.
[0005] The strip foundation under the exterior wall is flush with the bottom surface of the independent foundation under the building column.
[0006] A longitudinal foundation tension beam is arranged between the independent foundations under the building columns.
[0007] The drainage mechanism includes a longitudinal drainage pipe arranged at the angle between the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building and the strip foundation under the outer wall, a water filter layer is arranged on the outer side of the drainage pipe, and a drainage pad extending into the water filter layer is arranged on the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building above the drainage pipe.
[0008] The drainage pipe extends downward from the center of the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building to both sides at a slope of 5-20‰, and both ends of the drainage pipe are connected to the external drainage system of the building.
[0009] At least two drainage pipes are arranged along the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building from bottom to top.
[0010] The diameter of the drainage pipe is 150-200 mm, and each drainage pipe is provided with a water permeable hole.
[0011] The water filter layer is formed by evenly wrapping and piling up gravel, crushed stone and / or slag around the drainage pipe, and the thickness of the water filter layer is 200-300 mm.
[0012] The thickness of the drainage mat is equal to the wall thickness of the drainage pipe, or is 20-100 mm greater than the wall thickness of the drainage pipe.
[0013] The back of the reinforced concrete building exterior wall is a vertical structure, or an inclined structure that gradually thickens from top to bottom, or an axil structure is arranged at the angle with the strip foundation under the exterior wall.
[0014] The utility model provides a cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites. Its vertical wall and the building's outer wall are combined into one, saving space. The foundation is connected to the independent foundations under other columns of the building to form an integral foundation, which not only avoids the disadvantage of large engineering volume of the traditional retaining wall foundation during construction, but also cleverly transmits the weight of the building itself to the foundation under the retaining wall through the frame column, making full use of the weight of the entire building itself to resist the lateral pressure of the soil on the retaining wall, effectively reducing the extension length of the strip foundation under the retaining wall in the soil side direction, and enhancing the safety of the retaining wall; secondly, when the retaining wall cannot be provided with a drainage hole, the water in the soil behind the retaining wall can be cleverly collected and filtered into the filter pipe in a timely and orderly manner through the drainage mechanism, and discharged into the drainage ditch around the building, thereby ensuring the stability of the retaining wall. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, low cost, safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model Figure 1 .
[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 2 Top view of the structure (backfill omitted).
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model Figure 2 .
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model Figure 3 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites described in the utility model combines the building outer wall and the retaining wall into one, saves space, is lighter than a gravity retaining wall, uses less material, has a smaller extended foundation size than commonly used cantilever retaining walls, and does not need to extend too much foundation to the retaining side, thereby reducing the amount of backfill excavation and backfill behind the retaining wall, and is more suitable for buildings with limited sites.
[0020] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the utility model, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following embodiment.
[0021] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited space described in the utility model comprises a reinforced concrete building outer wall 1 which also serves as a retaining vertical wall, a lower outer wall strip foundation 2 extending along the longitudinal direction of the wall body is arranged below the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1, and the back of the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1 is a vertical structure (see Figure 1 ), or a sloping structure that thickens gradually from top to bottom (see Figure 3 ), or a haunch structure is provided at the angle with the strip foundation 2 under the exterior wall (see Figure 4 ).
[0022] The strip foundation 2 under the exterior wall is flush with the bottom surface of the independent foundation 3 under the building column. A transverse foundation tie beam 4 is arranged between the strip foundation 2 under the exterior wall and the independent foundation 3 under the building column, and between the independent foundations 3 under the building column. Usually, a longitudinal foundation tie beam 5 is also arranged between the independent foundations 3 under the building column.
[0023] The above-mentioned transverse foundation tie beam 4 and longitudinal foundation tie beam 5 can connect the smaller strip foundation 2 under the outer wall with the independent foundation 3 under the building column to form an integral foundation, which not only avoids the disadvantage of large engineering volume of the traditional raft foundation, but also cleverly transmits the weight of the building itself to the independent foundation through the frame column, so that the retaining wall foundation and the independent foundation transmit the anti-slip horizontal thrust through the tie beam, making full use of the weight of the entire building itself to resist the lateral pressure of the soil on the retaining wall, and enhancing the safety of the retaining wall. On this basis, the cantilever retaining wall described in the utility model does not need to extend a longer extended foundation to the retaining side, or make the foundation inclined or set a bottom convex falcon structure to resist the lateral thrust of the soil, effectively reducing the foundation thickness, reducing the amount of foundation pit excavation on the fill side, and reducing the complexity of construction.
[0024] In order to drain water in time and ensure the safety of the building, a drainage mechanism is also provided in the backfill soil 6 on the back side of the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1.
[0025] The above-mentioned drainage mechanism includes a longitudinal drainage pipe 7 arranged at the angle between the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1 and the strip foundation 2 under the outer wall, a water filter layer 8 is arranged on the outside of the drainage pipe 7, and a drainage pad 9 is arranged on the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1 above the drainage pipe 7, extending into the water filter layer 8 and close to the drainage pipe 7.
[0026] Specifically, at least two drain pipes 7 are arranged along the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1 from bottom to top, and each drain pipe 7 is a flower pipe with a diameter of 150-200mm (i.e., provided with water-permeable holes), which extends downward from the center of the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1 to both sides at a slope of 5-20‰, and both ends of each drain pipe 7 are connected to the building's external drainage system. The water filter layer 8 is usually formed by evenly wrapping and stacking gravel, crushed stone and / or slag around the drain pipe 7, and has a thickness of 200-300mm. The drainage mat 9 is selected from a high-strength wire mesh made of polymer material, which is pasted on the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1, and its thickness is equal to the wall thickness of the drain pipe 7, or greater than the wall thickness of the drain pipe 7 by 20-100mm.
[0027] Traditional retaining walls drain water by setting drainage holes on the vertical walls. In the utility model, the exterior wall of the building is used as the retaining wall. If the above drainage method is adopted, the water in the soil will flow into the room, affecting the use of the building. Therefore, the utility model cleverly filters the water in the soil behind the retaining wall into the filter pipe in time by combining drainage mats, long drainage pipes and filter layers, and then collects it through the filter pipe and guides it into the drainage ditch around the building, thereby ensuring the stability of the retaining wall. The above-mentioned loose materials such as gravel, crushed stone or slag of a certain thickness are evenly wrapped around the drainage pipe as a filter layer, which can effectively prevent the drainage pipe from being blocked by debris in the backfill after a long time without weakening the water filtering performance.
[0028] During construction, the utility model is usually carried out in the following steps:
[0029] 1) Carry out building positioning and setting out, foundation pit excavation, soil excavation on the back of retaining wall according to the requirements of design drawings and on-site conditions, and temporary foundation pit support for backfill of retaining wall before construction;
[0030] 2) For the building foundation, retaining wall foundation, retaining wall setting out and cutting, steel bar binding, formwork support, pouring and curing concrete, the strip foundation under the exterior wall 2, the independent foundation under the building column 3, and the foundation tension beam are constructed in the construction sequence;
[0031] 3) After the foundation construction is completed, the reinforced concrete building exterior wall 1, which also serves as a retaining wall, and the building superstructure are constructed;
[0032] 4) After the main structure of the building is completed, a drainage mat 9 is constructed on the back of the reinforced concrete building exterior wall 1. The drainage mat 9 is fixed by pasting, hooking, etc., and a drainage pipe 7 is arranged under the drainage mat 9. The drainage pipe 7 is backfilled with gravel, crushed stone, slag, or other highly permeable materials around it to ensure smooth drainage of the drainage pipe 7;
[0033] 5) Fill and compact clay 10 within the height range of the strip foundation 2 under the outer wall and within the inclination angle range of the retaining wall backfill soil 6; fill gravel, sand and gravel with high shear strength and strong water permeability or clay soil that meets the requirements of the design specifications on the back of the reinforced concrete building outer wall 1 according to the nearby soil source, and compact the backfill soil 6; add a ground drainage ditch at the top of the backfill soil 6 of the retaining wall close to the retaining wall as a drainage measure for surface water;
[0034] 6) After the construction is completed, the retaining wall and the main structure of the building form a joint structure to jointly resist the earth pressure outside the retaining wall.
[0035] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms indicating orientation or positional relationships, such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
Claims
1. A cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited space, characterized in that: It comprises a reinforced concrete building exterior wall which also serves as a retaining wall, wherein a strip foundation under the exterior wall extending longitudinally along the wall is arranged below the reinforced concrete building exterior wall, transverse foundation tension beams are arranged between the strip foundation under the exterior wall and the independent foundation under the building column, and between the independent foundations under the building columns, and a drainage mechanism is arranged in the backfill soil on the back side of the reinforced concrete building exterior wall.
2. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited space according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strip foundation under the exterior wall is flush with the bottom surface of the independent foundation under the building column.
3. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited space according to claim 1, characterized in that: A longitudinal foundation tension beam is arranged between the independent foundations under the building columns.
4. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited space according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drainage mechanism includes a longitudinal drainage pipe arranged at the angle between the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building and the strip foundation under the outer wall, a water filter layer is arranged on the outer side of the drainage pipe, and a drainage pad extending into the water filter layer is arranged on the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building above the drainage pipe.
5. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The drainage pipe extends downward from the center of the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building to both sides at a slope of 5-20‰, and both ends of the drainage pipe are connected to the external drainage system of the building.
6. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites according to claim 5 is characterized in that: At least two drainage pipes are arranged along the outer wall of the reinforced concrete building from bottom to top.
7. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited space according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The diameter of the drainage pipe is 150-200 mm, and each drainage pipe is provided with a water permeable hole.
8. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited space according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The water filter layer is formed by evenly wrapping and piling up gravel, crushed stone and / or slag around the drainage pipe, and the thickness of the water filter layer is 200-300 mm.
9. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the drainage mat is equal to the wall thickness of the drainage pipe, or is 20-100 mm greater than the wall thickness of the drainage pipe.
10. The cantilever combined retaining wall suitable for buildings with limited sites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back of the reinforced concrete building exterior wall is a vertical structure, or an inclined structure that gradually thickens from top to bottom, or an axil structure is arranged at the angle with the strip foundation under the exterior wall.