Waste heat boiler capable of preventing tube panel from slagging

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste heat boiler capable of preventing a tube panel from slagging, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment. The device comprises an uptake flue, a radiation chamber, a convection chamber and an ash bucket, the ash bucket is arranged on the lower portion of the radiation chamber, a baffle I and a heat exchange tube panel I are sequentially arranged on the upper wall of the radiation chamber in the flue gas flowing direction, and a heat exchange tube panel II is arranged on the upper wall of the convection chamber. A baffle II is arranged on the upper wall of the outlet of the radiation chamber, and a streamline baffle is arranged on the lower wall of the radiation chamber below the baffle I. The structure is optimized on the basis of a traditional horizontal waste heat boiler, the group of streamline baffles are arranged below the baffle I, the slag solidification tube panel is additionally arranged between the baffle I and the heat exchange tube panel I, and the baffle II is additionally arranged at the outlet of the radiation chamber, so that the heat exchange efficiency and the smoke dust recovery rate of the waste heat boiler are effectively improved, abrasion caused by particles is reduced, and the service life of the waste heat boiler is prolonged. And the service lives of the waste heat boiler and core parts thereof are prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment, and in particular relates to a waste heat boiler capable of preventing tube panel slagging. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of high-temperature flue gas is emitted during the pyrometallurgical process, causing serious environmental pollution and waste of resources. As an important equipment for recovering high-temperature flue gas, the waste heat boiler uses the thermal enthalpy of the high-temperature flue gas to produce medium and low-pressure steam for power generation and industrial production while cooling the high-temperature flue gas, and the heat recovery efficiency exceeds 80%. At the same time, the waste heat boiler can effectively separate and settle the smoke in the flue gas, promoting the secondary utilization of resources. However, in industrial production, the waste heat boiler has the problems of high flue gas flow rate and high heat flow intensity, which cause flue blockage and smoke particles to wear the furnace wall and components. The above problems increase the probability of pipe burst and water leakage accidents. Therefore, the present invention improves the existing waste heat boiler. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a waste heat boiler which can prevent slagging of tube panels.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a waste heat boiler for preventing slagging of tube panels, comprising an ascending flue, a radiation chamber, a convection chamber, and an ash hopper. An ash hopper is arranged at the lower part of the radiation chamber, a baffle I and a heat exchange tube panel I are arranged in sequence on the upper wall of the radiation chamber along the flue gas flow direction, and a heat exchange tube panel II is arranged on the upper wall of the convection chamber; a slag condensing tube panel is arranged on the upper wall of the radiation chamber between the baffle I and the heat exchange tube panel I, a baffle II is arranged on the upper wall of the radiation chamber outlet, and a streamlined baffle is arranged on the lower wall of the radiation chamber below the baffle I.

[0005] As a further improvement of the utility model, one end of the radiation chamber is connected to the ascending flue, and the other end is connected to the convection chamber.

[0006] As a further improvement of the utility model, the height dimensions of the baffle I, baffle II and heat exchange tube panel I are smaller than the height dimension of the radiation chamber, and the height dimension of the heat exchange tube panel II is smaller than the height dimension of the convection chamber.

[0007] As a further improvement of the utility model, baffles I and II are arranged on the smoke flow cross section of the radiation chamber, and baffles I and II are fixed on the upper wall of the radiation chamber.

[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model, a slag condensing tube panel and a heat exchange tube panel I are arranged on the cross section of the flue gas flow in the radiation chamber, and the slag condensing tube panel and the heat exchange tube panel I are fixed on the upper wall of the radiation chamber; a heat exchange tube panel II is arranged on the cross section of the flue gas flow in the convection chamber, and the heat exchange tube panel II is fixed on the upper wall of the convection chamber.

[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model, the heat exchange tube panel I and the heat exchange tube panel II are composed of one or more heat exchange tube panels arranged at equal intervals along the flue gas flow direction.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, the slag condensing tube panel is composed of one or more slag condensing tube panels arranged at equal intervals along the flue gas flow direction.

[0011] As a further improvement of the utility model, the streamlined baffle and baffle I are not connected, and the space between them is available for smoke to pass through.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the streamlined baffle is formed by equidistantly arranging a plurality of fan-shaped baffles of the same size to form a baffle with an arc-shaped upper surface. The fan-shaped baffle is a baffle composed of two right-angled sides of the same size or different sizes and an arc connecting the vertices of the two right-angled sides. The smoke and dust flow along the arc surface of the streamlined baffle and through the gaps between the fan-shaped baffles.

[0013] The longitudinal section of the streamlined baffle is composed of two right-angled sides and an arc connecting the vertices of the two right-angled sides.

[0014] The working principle of the waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging:

[0015] The flue gas generated by the front smelting furnace enters the radiation chamber through the ascending flue. The upwardly inclined furnace wall at the entrance of the radiation chamber changes the flow direction of the flue gas, so that the flue gas obtains an oblique upward acceleration, which promotes more flue gas to contact with baffle Ⅰ. Through the diversion of baffle Ⅰ, the flue gas and the furnace wall of the waste heat boiler can be more fully exchanged with heat. After fully contacting with the water-cooled wall, the temperature drops from 1300K to below 1100K. The flue gas is separated twice through the streamlined baffle, which increases the capture of smoke particles by the waste heat boiler and promotes more smoke to settle in the ash hopper, which is conducive to collection. Due to the addition of the slag condensing tube screen, the flow velocity of the flue gas is reduced, and the temperature of the flue gas when contacting the heat exchange tube screen Ⅰ of the radiation chamber drops by more than 50K, preventing the molten smoke particles from adhering to the rear heat exchange tube screen Ⅰ, reducing the slagging of the heat exchange tube screen Ⅰ, and promoting the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and the waste heat boiler. A set of baffles II is added at the outlet of the radiation chamber to slow down the speed of smoke entering the convection chamber, which not only reduces the impact of excessive smoke speed on the heat exchange tube screen II of the convection chamber, but also promotes more smoke dust to settle in the radiation chamber. Then the smoke enters the convection chamber, and the heat exchange tube screen II of the convection chamber is used to perform the final heat exchange on the smoke, and the waste heat is further recovered. The final treated smoke is discharged from the outlet set at the top of the convection chamber.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are embodied in:

[0017] (1) The utility model optimizes the structure of the traditional horizontal waste heat boiler by arranging a group of streamlined baffles under the baffle I, adding a slag condensing tube screen between the baffle I and the heat exchange tube screen I, and adding a baffle II at the outlet of the radiation chamber. The heat exchange efficiency and smoke recovery rate of the waste heat boiler are effectively improved, while the wear caused by particles is reduced, and the service life of the waste heat boiler and its core components is prolonged.

[0018] (2) The utility model enhances the capture capacity of the reflux smoke by arranging a group of streamlined baffles below the baffle I, so that more smoke is settled in the ash hopper at the bottom of the radiation chamber; at the same time, the arrangement of the streamlined baffles makes the smoke recovery more concentrated, reducing the amount of smoke entering the convection chamber, thereby reducing the erosion of the heat exchange tube screen II of the convection chamber by the smoke.

[0019] (3) The utility model adds a slag condensing tube screen between the baffle plate I and the heat exchange tube screen I to cool down the molten smoke and make it condense quickly, thereby reducing its adhesion to the rear heat exchange tube screen and improving the service life and heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube screen.

[0020] (4) The utility model reduces the speed of smoke and dust entering the convection chamber by adding a baffle II at the outlet of the radiation chamber, reduces the impact on the heat exchange tube screen II of the convection chamber, and reduces the amount of smoke and dust entering the convection chamber, so that more of it settles in the radiation chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional horizontal waste heat boiler.

[0022] Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of heat exchange tube panel I; Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of heat exchange tube panel II.

[0023] Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the streamlined baffle.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 10- ascending flue, 20- radiation chamber, 21- ash hopper, 22- baffle I, 23- heat exchange tube screen I, 24- slag condensation tube screen, 25- streamlined baffle, 30- convection chamber, 31- heat exchange tube screen II, 32- baffle II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the conventional horizontal waste heat boiler includes an ascending flue 10, a radiation chamber 20, a convection chamber 30, an ash hopper 21, a baffle Ⅰ22, a heat exchange tube panel Ⅰ23 and a heat exchange tube panel Ⅱ31.

[0030] One end of the radiation chamber 20 is connected to the ascending flue 10, and the other end is connected to the convection chamber 30; the ascending flue 10 is connected to the smelting furnace at the front end; an ash hopper 21 is arranged at the lower part of the radiation chamber 20. The upper wall of the radiation chamber 20 is provided with a baffle I and a heat exchange tube panel I in sequence along the flow direction of the flue gas and smoke, and the upper wall of the convection chamber is provided with a heat exchange tube panel II, and the convection chamber outlet is arranged at the upper part of its rear end.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown in (a), the utility model is improved on the basis of the traditional horizontal waste heat boiler. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging includes an ascending flue 10, a radiation chamber 20, a convection chamber 30, an ash hopper 21, a baffle I 22, a heat exchange tube panel I 23, a heat exchange tube panel II 31, a slag condensing tube panel 24, a streamlined baffle 25 and a baffle II 32.

[0032] The ascending flue 10 is connected to the front smelting furnace to guide the flue gas and smoke into the radiation chamber 20 .

[0033] One end of the radiation chamber 20 is connected to the ascending flue 10, and the other end is connected to the convection chamber 30. An ash hopper 21 is provided at the lower part of the radiation chamber 20. The radiation chamber 20 is used to cool the flue gas and settle the smoke dust, and the ash hopper 21 is used to collect the settled smoke dust to prevent the smoke dust from condensing at the bottom of the radiation chamber 20.

[0034] Baffle I 22, slag condensing tube panel 24, heat exchange tube panel I 23 and baffle II 32 are arranged in sequence on the upper wall of the radiation chamber 20 along the flow direction of flue gas and smoke dust, and baffle I 22, slag condensing tube panel 24, heat exchange tube panel I 23 and baffle II 32 are arranged on the cross section of flue gas and smoke dust flow in the radiation chamber 20.

[0035] In the cross section of flue gas and smoke flow in this embodiment, the baffle I22 is rectangular, 9m high and 7.5mm long. The thickness of the baffle I22 is 9m. In the cross section of flue gas and smoke flow, the baffle II32 is rectangular, 9m high and 6.2m long. The thickness of the baffle II32 is 0.2m. The heights of baffles I22 and II32 are lower than the height of the radiation chamber 20. Through the flow diversion of baffle I22, the utility model can conduct more sufficient heat exchange with the waste heat boiler furnace wall. After fully contacting with the water-cooled wall, the temperature is reduced from 1300K to below 1100K.

[0036] The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging contains more than one group of slag condensing tube panel 24. In this embodiment, one group of slag condensing tube panel 24 is contained. In the cross section of flue gas and smoke dust flow, the length and height of the slag condensing tube panel 24 are 6.5m and 9m respectively. The thickness of the slag condensing tube panel 24 is 2m, and the distance between the tubes in each group of slag condensing tube panel is 0.3m. After the utility model is equipped with the slag condensing tube panel 24, the temperature of the flue gas when contacting the heat exchange tube panel Ⅰ22 of the radiation chamber 20 is reduced by more than 50K, and the particle adhesion of the heat exchange tube panel Ⅰ22 is greatly improved.

[0037] The device described in this embodiment contains two groups of heat exchange tube panels Ⅰ23, each group of heat exchange tube panels Ⅰ23 is composed of a matrix tube panel composed of multiple long tubes. In the cross section of the flue gas and smoke flow, the long tube is 8m high and 120mm wide, the tube spacing is 400mm, and the number is 13. In the direction of flue gas and smoke flow, the long tube is 400mm long, the number is 6, and the tube spacing is 100mm. The two groups of heat exchange tube panels Ⅰ23 are arranged at equal intervals along the direction of flue gas flow, with a spacing of 700mm. After the flue gas passes through the heat exchange tube panel Ⅰ23, the temperature drops to below 1000K at the outlet of the radiation chamber 20.

[0038] In this embodiment, on the cross section of the flue gas and smoke flow, the baffle II 32 is rectangular, 6.5m high and 6.5m long. The thickness of the baffle II 32 is 0.2m. After the baffle II 32 is added to the outlet of the radiation chamber 20, the speed of the flue gas in the convection chamber 30 is further reduced, the service life of the heat exchange tube panel II 31 of the convection chamber 30 is increased, and the sedimentation rate of particles in the radiation chamber 20 is increased by 3-6%.

[0039] A streamlined baffle 25 is provided on the lower wall of the radiation chamber 20 below the baffle I 22. The left side of the streamlined baffle 25 is connected to the right side of the ash hopper 21. The top of the streamlined baffle 25 is not connected to the bottom of the baffle I 22. The space between the two is for smoke and dust to pass through. Figure 3As shown in (b), the longitudinal section of the streamlined baffle is a fan-shaped structure composed of two right-angled sides and an arc connecting the vertices of the two right-angled sides. The streamlined baffle is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped baffles of the same size arranged at equal intervals to form a baffle with an arc-shaped upper surface. The fan-shaped baffle is a baffle composed of two right-angled sides of the same size or different sizes and an arc connecting the vertices of the two right-angled sides. The smoke and smoke flow along the arc surface of the streamlined baffle and through the gaps between the fan-shaped baffles. The longitudinal section of the streamlined baffle is the flow direction of the smoke and smoke, and the arc surface of the streamlined baffle faces the flow direction of the smoke and smoke. In this embodiment, the streamlined baffle is composed of 13 fan-shaped baffles, the height of the fan-shaped baffle is 6m, and the width is 6.234m. The thickness of the fan-shaped baffle is 0.2m, and the spacing between adjacent fan-shaped baffles is 0.3m. The utility model sets a group of streamlined baffles 25 below the baffle I 22, which enhances the capture capability of the reflux smoke and dust, allowing more smoke and dust to settle in the ash hopper 21 at the bottom of the radiation chamber 20, increasing the particle settling rate in the ash hopper by 2-5%.

[0040] Heat exchange tube panel II31 is arranged on the flue gas flow cross section of the convection chamber 30, and the heat exchange tube panel II31 is fixed on the upper wall of the convection chamber 30. The heat exchange tube panel II31 is composed of one or more heat exchange tube panels arranged at equal intervals along the flue gas flow direction. In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube panel II31 is composed of 6 heat exchange tube panels arranged at equal intervals in pairs along the flue gas flow direction. On the cross section of the flue gas and smoke flow, the tubes in each heat exchange tube panel are 7m high and 120mm wide, with a tube spacing of 400mm, and the number is 10. In the direction of flue gas and smoke flow, the long tube is 400mm long, the number is 4, and the tube spacing is 100mm. The spacing between the tube panel groups in the two-by-two combination is 700mm, and the spacing between the combinations is 1100mm. After the convection chamber heat exchange in the convection chamber, the exhaust temperature reaches 600-630K. In this embodiment, as the smoke temperature decreases, it gradually separates from the smoke and settles down. The settling rate of the smoke in the radiation chamber reaches more than 37%, and the settling rate in the convection chamber reaches more than 10%.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging, comprising an ascending flue, a radiation chamber, a convection chamber, and an ash hopper, wherein an ash hopper is arranged at the lower part of the radiation chamber, a baffle I and a heat exchange tube panel I are arranged in sequence on the upper wall of the radiation chamber along the flue gas flow direction, and a heat exchange tube panel II is arranged on the upper wall of the convection chamber, characterized in that: A slag condensation tube panel is arranged on the upper wall of the radiation chamber between baffle I and heat exchange tube panel I, a baffle II is arranged on the upper wall of the radiation chamber outlet, and a streamlined baffle is arranged on the lower wall of the radiation chamber below baffle I.

2. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the radiation chamber is communicated with the ascending flue, and the other end is communicated with the convection chamber.

3. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height dimensions of the baffle I, baffle II and heat exchange tube panel I are smaller than the height dimension of the radiation chamber, and the height dimension of the heat exchange tube panel II is smaller than the height dimension of the convection chamber.

4. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: Baffles I and II are arranged on the cross section of smoke and dust flow in the radiation chamber, and baffles I and II are fixed on the upper wall of the radiation chamber.

5. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: Slag condensing tube screen and heat exchange tube screen I are arranged on the cross section of flue gas and smoke flow in the radiation chamber, and the slag condensing tube screen and heat exchange tube screen I are fixed on the upper wall of the radiation chamber; heat exchange tube screen II is arranged on the cross section of flue gas and smoke flow in the convection chamber, and the heat exchange tube screen II is fixed on the upper wall of the convection chamber.

6. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube panel I and heat exchange tube panel II are composed of one or more heat exchange tube panels arranged at equal intervals along the flue gas flow direction.

7. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag condensation tube panel is composed of one or more slag condensation tube panels arranged at equal intervals along the flue gas flow direction.

8. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The streamlined baffle and baffle I are not connected.

9. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The streamlined baffle is formed by equidistantly arranging a plurality of fan-shaped baffles of the same size to form a baffle with an arc-shaped upper surface. The fan-shaped baffle is a baffle composed of two right-angled sides of the same size or different sizes and an arc connecting the vertices of the two right-angled sides. The smoke and dust flow along the arc surface of the streamlined baffle and through the gaps between the fan-shaped baffles.

10. The waste heat boiler for preventing tube panel slagging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side of the streamlined baffle is connected to the right side of the ash hopper.

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