Linear guide rail

Abstract

The utility model discloses a linear guide rail which comprises a rail, a sliding block and two reverse covers, the sliding block is connected with the rail in a sliding mode, the two reverse covers are connected with the two ends of the sliding block respectively, a linear ball groove is formed in the sliding block, another linear ball groove is formed between the sliding block and the rail, and reverse ball grooves are formed in the reverse covers. The two straight ball ways and the two reverse ball ways form a circulating ball way, steel balls are arranged in the circulating ball way, each reverse ball way comprises a first ball way section and a second ball way section, the first ball way section is communicated with the second ball way section, and the width of the first ball way section is larger than that of the second ball way section. By improving the reverse ball channel, the width of the steel ball entering section is set to be large, the steel ball starts to turn from entering the first ball channel section, the large width can relieve the initial impact force of the steel ball on the lip portion of the reverse cover, the width is properly reduced when the steel ball enters the second ball channel section of the reverse cover, and it can be guaranteed that the steel ball does not move in the reverse cover; therefore, the stability of the sliding block during operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of guide rails, in particular to a linear guide rail. Background Art

[0002] Linear guides are also called linear guides. They are used in high-precision or high-speed linear reciprocating motion occasions, and can bear a certain torque, and can achieve high-precision linear motion under high load conditions. Linear guides generally include: tracks, sliders and reverse covers, and a circulating ballway is formed between the three. There are several steel balls in the circulating ballway. When the slider slides on the track, the steel balls circulate in the circulating ballway. At present, it is found in actual applications that the steel balls are prone to jamming when moving in the circulating ballway, especially when the straight section enters the arc reverse section, the steel balls are prone to move, resulting in unstable operation of the slider. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a linear guide rail, which can reduce the influence of the movement of the steel ball on the operation of the slider, and is conducive to improving the stability of the slider during operation.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a linear guide rail, including: a track, a slider, and two reverse covers, the slider is slidably connected to the track, the two reverse covers are respectively connected to the two ends of the slider, a straight ball track is opened in the slider, another straight ball track is formed between the slider and the track, a reverse ball track is opened in the reverse cover, the two straight ball tracks and the two reverse ball tracks constitute a circulating ball track, and steel balls are arranged in the circulating ball track; wherein the reverse ball track includes: a first ball track segment and a second ball track segment, the first ball track segment and the second ball track segment are connected, and the width of the first ball track segment is greater than the width of the second ball track segment.

[0005] Furthermore, the number of arc segments included in the first ballway segment is n, where n≥1; the number of arc segments included in the second ballway segment is m, where m≥1.

[0006] Furthermore, a buffer plate is provided between the slider and the reverse cover, a linear raceway is provided in the buffer plate, one end of the linear raceway is connected to the linear ball track, and the other end of the linear raceway is connected to the reverse ball track.

[0007] Furthermore, the buffer plate and the reverse cover are integrally formed.

[0008] Furthermore, the buffer plate and the reverse cover are two independent components.

[0009] Furthermore, a retaining chain is provided in the circulating ball track, the steel balls are installed in the retaining chain, and the retaining chain is not connected at the head and the tail.

[0010] Furthermore, when the retaining chain is located in the circulating ballway, a gap x is provided between the head end and the tail end of the retaining chain, and x>0.

[0011] Furthermore, the relationship between the length t of the linear raceway and the diameter Da of the steel ball is: t=z*Da, 0<z<1.

[0012] Furthermore, the retaining chain includes: connecting strips and a plurality of partition parts which are arranged in parallel with each other, and two sides of the partition parts are respectively fixedly connected to two connecting strips, and a steel ball installation cavity is formed between the two connected partition parts.

[0013] Furthermore, a vertical distance between a plane formed by the two connecting strips and the center of the steel ball is greater than 0.

[0014] Furthermore, a pit for storing oil is provided on a side of the partition portion that contacts the steel ball.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] The utility model improves the reverse ballway, sets the width of the steel ball entry section (i.e., the first ballway section) to be larger, and the steel ball starts to turn from entering the first ballway section. The larger width can reduce the initial impact force of the steel ball on the lip of the reverse cover, and appropriately reduce the width when entering the second ballway section of the reverse cover, which can ensure that the steel ball does not move in the reverse cover, thereby improving the stability of the slider during operation. By adding a linear raceway, the influence of the component step difference and the steering influence can be separated in sequence, which can further reduce the adverse effects caused by the movement of the steel ball.

[0017] The holding chain can avoid collisions between steel balls, which is helpful to reduce noise. By designing the holding chain as a structure that is not connected at the head and tail, the holding chain has a certain ability to adaptively adjust the trajectory during the operation of the slider, thereby preventing the slider from getting stuck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the linear guide rail of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is an example of the reverse ball lane of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is another example of the reverse fairway of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linear guide rail (with a buffer plate added) of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the linear raceway of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 It is the variation curve of length t and pulsation amount under different ball diameters of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 It is the variation curve of the distance P and the pulsation amount under different ball diameters of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the holding chain of the utility model.

[0027] In the figure: 1, track; 2, slider; 3, reverse cover; 4, straight ball track; 5, retaining chain; 6, steel ball; 7, buffer plate; 31, reverse ball track; 51, connecting strip; 52, partition; 71, straight raceway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Now the utility model is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the utility model in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the linear guide rail of the utility model comprises: a track 1, a slider 2, and two reverse covers 3. The slider 2 is slidably connected to the track 1. The two reverse covers 3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the slider 2. A straight ball track 4 is provided in the slider 2. Another straight ball track 4 is formed between the slider 2 and the track 1. A reverse ball track 31 is provided in the reverse cover 3. The two straight ball tracks 4 and the two reverse ball tracks 31 form a circulating ball track. The circulating ball track is provided with a steel ball 6. Among them, the reverse ball track 31 comprises: a first ball track segment and a second ball track segment. The first ball track segment and the second ball track segment are connected. The width of the first ball track segment is greater than the width of the second ball track segment.

[0032] Since the slider 2 and the reverse cover 3 are two parts, there is a step difference between the two. When the steel ball 6 enters the reverse ball track 31 from the straight ball track 4, the steel ball 6 starts to turn. At this time, the movement of the steel ball 6 will be affected by the step difference and the turning at the same time, and the steel ball 6 is easy to move, resulting in unstable operation of the slider 2. In addition, the movement of the steel ball 6 will squeeze the lip of the reverse cover 3, which is easy to damage the reverse cover 3.

[0033] The utility model improves the reverse ball track 31, sets the width of the entry section (i.e., the first ball track section) of the steel ball 6 to be larger, and the steel ball 6 starts to turn from entering the first ball track section. The larger width can reduce the initial impact force of the steel ball 6 on the lip of the reverse cover 3, and the width is appropriately reduced when entering the second ball track section of the reverse cover 3, which can ensure that the steel ball 6 does not move in the reverse cover 3, thereby improving the stability of the slider 2 during operation.

[0034] Specifically, the number of arc segments included in the first fairway segment is n, and n≥1. The number of arc segments included in the second fairway segment is m, and m≥1. In other words, the first fairway segment can be an arc segment, or it can be composed of multiple arc segments. The second fairway segment can be an arc segment, or it can be composed of multiple arc segments. The angle corresponding to the first fairway segment is α, and the angle corresponding to the second fairway segment is β, α+β=180°, β≥α.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the first turning section includes a circular arc section R1, and the second turning section includes a circular arc section R2. The angle corresponding to the circular arc section R1 is α, and the angle corresponding to the circular arc section R2 is β. For example, α=β=90°, or α=85°, β=95°. Figure 3 As shown, the first turning section includes two arc sections Ra and Rb, and the second turning section includes two arc sections Rc and Rd. The angle corresponding to the arc section Ra is γ, the angle corresponding to the arc section Rb is δ, the angle corresponding to the arc section Rc is ε, and the angle corresponding to the arc section Rd is θ. γ+δ=α, ε+θ=β.

[0036] Specifically, a retaining chain 5 is provided in the circulating ballway, and the steel balls 6 are installed in the retaining chain 5, and the retaining chain 5 is not connected at the head and tail. By installing the steel balls 6 in the retaining chain 5, when the slider 2 is running, there will be no collision between the steel balls 6 and the steel balls 6, which can significantly reduce the noise during operation. In addition, it should be noted that the retaining chains 5 in the prior art are all end-to-end connected structures, and the end-to-end connected retaining chains 5 are prone to get stuck when the slider 2 slides. However, the utility model adopts a retaining chain 5 that is not connected at the head and tail. When the slider 2 slides, the retaining chain 5 has a certain ability to adaptively adjust the trajectory in the circulating ballway, which avoids the phenomenon of getting stuck, and is conducive to improving the stability of the slider 2 when it is running.

[0037] For example, when the retaining chain 5 is located in the circulating ball track, a gap x is provided between the head and tail ends of the retaining chain 5, where x>0. On the basis of the structure in which the head and tail are not connected, by increasing the gap x, the ability of the retaining chain 5 to adaptively adjust the trajectory can be further improved to ensure the smooth operation of the slider 2.

[0038] During the operation of the slider 2, the value of the gap x will change (this phenomenon is called pulsation). If the pulsation is too large or too small, it will affect the operation of the slider 2, and in severe cases, it will even cause the steel ball 6 to get stuck. Based on this, the utility model is provided with a buffer plate 7 between the slider 2 and the reverse cover 3, and a linear raceway 71 is provided in the buffer plate 7. One end of the linear raceway 71 is connected to the linear ball track 4, and the other end of the linear raceway 71 is connected to the reverse ball track 31.

[0039] That is to say, a linear raceway 71 is added to the circulation path of the utility model. If there is no linear raceway 71, when the steel ball 6 enters the reverse raceway 31 from the linear raceway 4, it will be affected by both the step difference of the components and the steering of the steel ball 6, which will cause the steel ball 6 to easily move, causing the slider 2 to operate poorly. By adding the linear raceway 71, the influence of the step difference of the components and the steering influence can be separated in sequence. For example, the steel ball 6 first enters the linear raceway 71 from the linear raceway 4, and this process is only affected by the step difference. Then the steel ball 6 enters the reverse raceway 31 from the linear raceway 71, and this process is only affected by the steering. This can effectively reduce the adverse effects caused by the movement of the steel ball 6. For example, the buffer plate 7 and the reverse cover 3 are integrally formed. Alternatively, the buffer plate 7 and the reverse cover 3 are two independent components.

[0040] It should be noted that the length t of the linear raceway 71 is related to the pulsation. The relationship between the length t of the linear raceway 71 and the diameter Da of the steel ball 6 is: t=z*Da, 0<z<1. Figure 5It is the curve of length t and pulsation under different ball diameters. The horizontal axis represents the z value and the vertical axis represents the pulsation. It can be seen from the figure that when the length t is 0.45Da-0.55Da, the pulsation is the smallest. The distance P between the two ports of the reverse ball channel 31 of the reverse cover 3 is also related to the pulsation, P=w*Da. Figure 4 This is the curve of the distance P and pulsation under different ball diameters. The horizontal axis represents the w value, and the vertical axis represents the pulsation. It can be seen from the figure that no matter what the ball diameter is, when the distance P = 1.6Da, the pulsation is the smallest. Through the quantitative analysis of the distance P and the length t, the optimal length t and distance P suitable for different steel ball diameters are obtained, which is convenient for precise management and control in processing and assembly, saving processing management costs and improving manufacturing efficiency.

[0041] For example, the holding chain 5 includes: connecting strips 51 and a plurality of partitions 52 arranged in parallel with each other, and the two sides of the partition 52 are respectively fixedly connected to the two connecting strips 51, and a steel ball installation cavity 53 is formed between the two connected partitions 52. The steel ball 6 is installed in the steel ball installation cavity 53. Two adjacent partitions 52 abut against the steel ball 6 to form a surface contact. The shape of the part of the partition 52 abutting against the steel ball 6 matches the steel ball 6. When the slider 2 moves, it can drive the steel ball 6 to rotate along the length direction of the track 1, so that the holding chain 5 can perform a circular motion. For example, a pit (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the side where the partition 52 contacts the steel ball 6, and the pit can play an oil storage role, thereby improving the smoothness of the movement of the holding chain 5 and the steel ball 6. For example, the distance between the plane formed by the two connecting strips 51 and the center of the steel ball 6 is greater than 0. That is to say, the center of the steel ball 6 is not at the center of the holding chain 5. With this design, the openings on the upper and lower sides of the steel ball installation cavity 53 become one large and one small, and the large opening is convenient for plugging and unloading the ball.

[0042] In summary, the utility model improves the reverse ball track 31, sets the width of the steel ball 6 entry section (i.e., the first ball track section) to be larger, and the steel ball 6 starts to turn from entering the first ball track section. The larger width can reduce the initial impact force of the steel ball 6 on the lip of the reverse cover 3, and the width is appropriately reduced when entering the second ball track section of the reverse cover 3, which can ensure that the steel ball 6 does not move in the reverse cover 3, thereby improving the stability of the slider 2 during operation. By adding a linear raceway 71, the influence of the component step difference and the steering influence can be separated in sequence, and the adverse effects caused by the movement of the steel ball 6 can be further reduced.

[0043] The holding chain 5 can avoid collisions between the steel balls 6, which is helpful to reduce noise. By designing the holding chain 5 as a structure that is not connected at the head and tail, the holding chain 5 has a certain ability to adaptively adjust the trajectory during the operation of the slider 2, thereby preventing the slider 2 from getting stuck.

[0044] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the utility model, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the utility model through the above description. The technical scope of the utility model is not limited to the content of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A linear guide rail, characterized in that: include: A track (1), a slider (2), and two reverse covers (3), wherein the slider (2) is slidably connected to the track (1), the two reverse covers (3) are respectively connected to the two ends of the slider (2), a straight ball track (4) is provided in the slider (2), another straight ball track (4) is formed between the slider (2) and the track (1), a reverse ball track (31) is provided in the reverse cover (3), the two straight ball tracks (4) and the two reverse ball tracks (31) form a circulating ball track, and a steel ball (6) is provided in the circulating ball track; wherein the reverse ball track (31) comprises: a first ball track segment and a second ball track segment, the first ball track segment and the second ball track segment are connected, and the width of the first ball track segment is greater than the width of the second ball track segment.

2. The linear guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of arc segments included in the first ball path segment is n, where n≥1; the number of arc segments included in the second ball path segment is m, where m≥1.

3. The linear guide rail according to claim 2, characterized in that A buffer plate (7) is provided between the slider (2) and the reverse cover (3), a linear raceway (71) is provided in the buffer plate (7), one end of the linear raceway (71) is connected to the linear ball track (4), and the other end of the linear raceway (71) is connected to the reverse ball track (31).

4. The linear guide rail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer plate (7) and the reverse cover (3) are integrally formed.

5. The linear guide rail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer plate (7) and the reverse cover (3) are two independent components.

6. The linear guide rail according to claim 3, characterized in that: A retaining chain (5) is provided in the circulating ball track, the steel ball (6) is installed in the retaining chain (5), and the retaining chain (5) is not connected at the beginning and the end.

7. The linear guide rail according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the retaining chain (5) is located in the circulating ball track, a gap x is provided between the head end and the tail end of the retaining chain (5), where x>0.

8. The linear guide rail according to claim 6, characterized in that: The relationship between the length t of the linear raceway (71) and the diameter Da of the steel ball (6) is: t=z*Da, 0<z<1.

9. The linear guide rail according to claim 6, characterized in that: The retaining chain (5) comprises: connecting strips (51) and a plurality of partition parts (52) arranged in parallel with each other, the two sides of the partition part (52) are respectively fixedly connected to two connecting strips (51), and a steel ball installation cavity (53) is formed between the two connected partition parts (52).

10. The linear guide rail according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the plane formed by the two connecting strips (51) and the center of the steel ball (6) is greater than 0.

11. The linear guide rail according to claim 9, characterized in that: A concave pit for storing oil is provided on a side of the partition portion (52) that contacts the steel ball (6).

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