Protection circuit, vehicle-mounted component and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protection circuit, a vehicle-mounted component and a vehicle, the protection circuit comprises at least two parts, each part comprises an interface chip, a power supply port of the interface chip is used for connecting a power supply, and a communication port of the interface chip is connected with at least one of the other parts to establish at least one communication network; the first end of the voltage dividing branch is connected with the power supply port of the interface chip, and the second end of the voltage dividing branch is grounded; and the microprocessor is connected with the detection node of the voltage division branch circuit and is used for detecting the voltage division value provided by the voltage division branch circuit, determining the power-on state of each part in the protection circuit based on the voltage division value and selecting the power-on parts at the two ends of the communication network for communication. Through the above mode, the interface chip can be protected, the communication efficiency among parts is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication protection circuits, and in particular to a protection circuit, a vehicle-mounted component and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In existing vehicle-mounted systems, when the IO ports of various components communicate, it is easy for the electrical timing between the two components to be out of sync, that is, the IO port of one component is at a high level, while the IO port of the component communicating with it is at a low level. At this time, the voltage of the IO port receiving the high level will be higher than the power supply voltage of the component where it is located, causing damage to the interface chip.

[0003] In order to avoid damage to the interface chip, the prior art adopts the method of starting communication after a period of power-on. However, this method prevents the components from starting communication immediately after the power-on is completed, which increases the system startup time. If the power is disconnected in the middle, the electrical timing asynchrony between the components will occur again, which is not conducive to protecting the interface chip.

[0004] In order to avoid damage to the interface chip, the commonly used methods are: connecting resistors or MOS tubes in series on the signal line, but the disadvantage of this method is that high-speed signal transmission cannot be performed between components; using optical isolation or magnetic isolation chips, the disadvantage of this method is that the supported signal transmission types are limited, and the original component design needs to be changed, which increases the production cost; connecting capacitors in series in the signal line to achieve high-speed communication between components, but the disadvantage of this method is that the interface circuit needs to be changed and the communication signal needs to be encoded, which makes significant changes to the original structure of the system and is not suitable for low-frequency or DC transmission. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application mainly provides a protection circuit, a vehicle-mounted component and a vehicle to solve the problem that vehicle components are easily damaged due to the asynchronous power-on timing of the interface chip.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a protection circuit, the protection circuit includes at least two components, each of which includes: an interface chip, the power supply port of the interface chip is used to connect to the power supply, and the communication port of the interface chip is connected to at least one of the remaining components to establish at least one communication network; a voltage divider branch, the first end of the voltage divider branch is connected to the power supply port of the interface chip, and the second end of the voltage divider branch is grounded; a microprocessor, connected to the detection node of the voltage divider branch, used to detect the voltage divider value provided by the voltage divider branch, and determine the power-on status of each component in the protection circuit based on the voltage divider value, and select the components that are powered on at both ends of the communication network for communication.

[0007] In some embodiments, the protection circuit further includes a status detection line, which is connected to the detection node of the voltage division branch in each of the components; wherein each of the voltage division values ​​corresponds to a power-on state combination of each of the components.

[0008] In some embodiments, the voltage divider branch includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply port, the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor are connected and serve as the detection node, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first resistor of each of the components decreases in sequence, and the second resistor of each of the components is the same, wherein the resistance of the first resistor is greater than or equal to ten times the resistance of the second resistor.

[0010] In some embodiments, except for the first resistor having the largest resistance, the resistance of any first resistor is smaller than the parallel sum of the first resistors having larger resistance than the first resistor.

[0011] In some embodiments, the microprocessor is further configured to detect changes in the voltage division value to update the power-on status of each of the components, and select the corresponding communication network to communicate or stop communicating based on the updated power-on status of each of the components.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first resistor and the second resistor each include at least one resistance.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a vehicle-mounted component, characterized in that the vehicle-mounted component includes the protection circuit as described above.

[0014] The present application also provides a vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle includes the vehicle-mounted components as described above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: Different from the prior art, the present application discloses a protection circuit, a vehicle-mounted component and a vehicle, which collects the voltage division value on the voltage division branch through a microprocessor, and each voltage division value corresponds to only one combination of the power-on status of a component, so as to judge the power-on status of each component in the current vehicle, thereby determining the components that have been powered on and can start communicating. The interface chip is controlled by the microprocessor to send and receive information between components. In this way, damage to the interface chip caused by electrical timing asynchrony between components is avoided, and the communication efficiency between components is improved. At the same time, the present application only adds a voltage division branch and a detection line to the power supply line of the component, and there is no need to modify the original interface circuit and signal line, thus avoiding changes to the original circuit design, reducing the number of added components, and reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a protection circuit provided by the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the protection circuit provided by the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the protection circuit provided by the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle-mounted component provided by the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle embodiment provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] The terms "first", "second", "third" in the embodiments of the present application are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", "third" can expressly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0024] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a protection circuit provided by the present application. The protection circuit 100 includes at least two components, each of which includes:

[0026] The interface chip 111 has a power supply port for connecting to a power supply, and a communication port for connecting to at least one of the remaining components to establish at least one communication network L1.

[0027] The protection circuit 100 includes at least two vehicle-mounted components, and the vehicle-mounted components communicate with each other through the IO port of the interface chip, such as the components 110 and 120 communicate with each other through the communication network L1 established between the interface chips 111. Through the communication network L1, the components 110 and 120 can send data to each other and receive data from each other at the same time.

[0028] Optionally, the protection circuit 100 may further include other components having the same structure as the component 110 , and a communication network may be established between the other components and the component 110 or the component 120 for communication.

[0029] The power supply can provide the required working voltage for the components, and the voltage selection of the power supply can be selected according to the actual component configuration and the parameters of each component. If there are components with the same working voltage, the components with the same working voltage can also be connected to the same power supply. Optionally, the voltage of the power supply can be 3V, 3.3V, 3.6V, 3.7V or 5V, etc.

[0030] The voltage dividing branch 112 has a first end connected to a power supply port of the interface chip 111 and a second end connected to the ground.

[0031] The voltage dividing branch 112 is used to reduce the voltage output by the power supply so that the reduced voltage can be collected without damaging the collected chip. Usually, a voltage divider such as a resistor can be set in the voltage dividing branch 112 to reduce the voltage output by the power supply port to a preset voltage value.

[0032] Specifically, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the protection circuit provided in the present application. The voltage divider branch 112 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 connected in series. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power supply port of the interface chip 111, the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2 are connected and serve as a detection node S1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.

[0033] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power supply port of the interface chip 111, and the higher working voltage at the power supply port can be converted into a lower collection voltage through voltage division. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. The resistance value on the voltage division branch can be further adjusted, so that the collection voltage at the second end of the first resistor R1 is further reduced to a voltage that can be directly collected, that is, the voltage division value, to prevent excessively high voltage from directly entering the collection circuit and damaging components.

[0034] Optionally, when the operating voltages of the components are the same, the resistance of the first resistor R1 of each component decreases successively, and the resistance of the second resistor R2 of each component is the same, wherein the resistance of the first resistor R1 is greater than or equal to ten times the resistance of the second resistor R2.

[0035] For example, if the resistance of the second resistor R2 is set to 5K, the resistance of the first resistor R1 of each component can be set to 100K, 90K, 80K, 75K or 60K, etc., and the second resistor R2 of each component needs to be set to 5K.

[0036] Optionally, except for the first resistor R1 with the largest resistance, the resistance of any first resistor R1 is smaller than the parallel sum of the first resistors R1 with larger resistance than the first resistor R1.

[0037] For example, if the resistance of the second resistor R2 is set to 10K, the resistance of the first resistor R1 of each component can be set to 100K, 80K, 33K, etc. The second resistor R2 of each component needs to be set to 10K.

[0038] Since there are multiple components in the protection circuit 100, it is necessary to distinguish the voltage division value of each component when it is powered on individually and the voltage division value of different component combinations when they are powered on. Therefore, by adjusting the resistance value of the voltage division branch 112 inside the component, each voltage division value corresponds to a unique combination of component power-on states.

[0039] Optionally, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 each include at least one resistor.

[0040] Since there may be no existing product with a suitable resistance value for the first resistor R1 in the protection circuit 100 , a resistor or a resistor combination with a suitable resistance value is selected so that the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 meet the preset resistance values.

[0041] For example, when the resistance of the first resistor R1 is set to 65K and the resistance of the second resistor R2 is set to 5K, a resistor with a resistance of 60K and a resistor with a resistance of 5K can be connected in series in the first resistor R1, and a resistor with a resistance of 5K can be connected in series in the second resistor R2. By selecting resistors or resistor combinations with appropriate resistance values, resistors that meet the preset resistance values ​​can be obtained, and production costs can also be reduced.

[0042] The microprocessor 113 is connected to the detection node S1 of the voltage dividing branch 112, and is used to detect the voltage dividing value provided by the voltage dividing branch 112, and determine the power-on status of each component in the protection circuit 100 based on the voltage dividing value, and select the components that are powered on at both ends of the communication network for communication.

[0043] The AD acquisition terminal of the microprocessor 113 is connected to the detection node S1 in the voltage division branch, and the power-on status of each component in the current protection circuit can be determined by obtaining the voltage value at the detection node S1. If a component is powered on, the components with a communication network can communicate with it.

[0044] For example, when the microprocessor 113 detects that the current component 110 and the component 120 have been powered on and can communicate, the microprocessor 113 controls the interface chip 111 to send information to the component 120 and receive information from the component 120. At this time, the component 110 and the component 120 communicate through the communication network L1.

[0045] For example, when the microprocessor 113 detects that the current component 110 has been powered on and can communicate, but the component 120 has not been powered on and cannot communicate, the component 110 does not communicate with the component 120.

[0046] Optionally, the microprocessor 113 is further configured to detect a change in the voltage division value to update the power-on status of each component, and select a corresponding communication network to communicate or stop communication based on the updated power-on status of each component.

[0047] The microprocessor 113 re-collects the voltage division value of the detection node S1 at every preset period, and re-determines whether the power-on state of each component in the current protection circuit 100 has changed according to the changed voltage division value. If a component changes from the power-on state to the power-off state, the component with a communication network between the component stops communicating with the component; if a component changes from the power-off state to the power-on state, the component with a communication network between the component starts communicating with the component.

[0048] For example, when the microprocessor 113 detects that both the current component 110 and the component 120 have been powered on, the microprocessor 113 controls the interface chip 111 to send information to the component 120 and receive information from the component 120. After a preset period, the microprocessor 113 re-detects the power-on status of each component, and the status of the component 120 is changed to power-off. At this time, the communication between the component 110 and the component 120 is stopped.

[0049] By continuously updating the voltage divider value collected by the microprocessor 113, the power-on status of each component in the current protection circuit 100 can be obtained in time to ensure that the newly powered-on components can communicate immediately, thereby improving the communication efficiency between components. It can also avoid damage to components caused by continued communication between components that have lost power and other components, thereby achieving the effect of protecting the component interface chip.

[0050] Optionally, the protection circuit 100 further includes a state detection line T1 , which is connected to a detection node S1 of a voltage division branch 112 in each component; wherein each voltage division value corresponds to a power-on state combination of each component.

[0051] The detection node S1 is the second end node of the first voltage divider R1, and the voltage value of this node depends on the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 in the voltage divider branch 112 and the working voltage of the component. By adjusting the resistance value of the voltage divider branch 112 in each component, each voltage divider value corresponds to a unique combination of power-on states of the component.

[0052] For example, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the protection circuit provided by the present application. In this embodiment, the protection circuit 100 includes components 110, 120 and 130. Components 110 and 120 communicate with each other through a communication network L1; components 120 and 130 communicate with each other through a communication network L2; and components 110 and 130 communicate with each other through a communication network L3. Components 110, 120 and 130 are connected to a status detection line T1.

[0053] Furthermore, the operating voltages of components 110, 120 and 130 are all 3.3V, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 in the voltage-dividing branch 112 is set to 100K, the resistance value of the second resistor R2 is set to 1K, and when component 110 is powered on alone, the voltage value at the detection node S1 in the voltage-dividing branch 112 is 10.8mV; the resistance value of the third resistor R3 in the voltage-dividing branch 122 is set to 80K, the resistance value of the fourth resistor R4 is set to 1K, and when component 120 is powered on alone, the voltage value at the detection node S2 in the voltage-dividing branch 122 is 13.5mV; the resistance value of the first resistor R1 in the voltage-dividing branch 112 is set to 100K, the resistance value of the second resistor R2 is set to 1K, and when component 130 is powered on alone, the voltage value at the detection node S1 in the voltage-dividing branch 112 is 32.7mV.

[0054] At this time, the power supply of the protection circuit starts to supply power to each component. Since the microprocessors of each component are connected through the status detection line T1, the voltage division values ​​collected by each microprocessor are the same.

[0055] The voltage at the detection node S1 collected by the microprocessor 113 is 10.8 mV. At this time, only the component 110 has completed power-on, and the component 110 does not communicate with any other component.

[0056] After the preset cycle, the microprocessor 113 collects and detects that the voltage at the node S1 is 24.3 mV. At this time, component 110 and component 120 are powered on, and component 110 and component 120 communicate with component 130 through the communication network L1. Component 130 is not powered on, and neither component 110 nor component 120 communicates with component 130.

[0057] If the voltage at the detection node S1 collected by the microprocessor 113 is 43.5 mV, then at this time, the components 110 and 130 are powered on, the components 110 and 130 communicate with each other through the communication network L3, the component 120 is powered off, and the component 110 stops communicating with the component 120.

[0058] If the voltage at the detection node S2 collected by the microprocessor 123 is 13.5 mV, only the component 120 is powered on, the components 110 and 130 are powered off, and the component 120 does not communicate with any other component.

[0059] If the voltage collected by the microprocessor 123 at the detection node S2 is 46.2 mV, then at this time, component 120 and component 130 are powered on, and component 120 and component 130 communicate with each other through the communication network L2. Component 110 is not powered on, and component 120 and component 130 do not communicate with component 120.

[0060] If the voltage at the detection node S3 collected by the microprocessor 133 is 32.7 mV, then only the component 130 has been powered on, the component 110 has not been powered on, the component 120 has been powered off, and the component 130 stops communicating with the component 120 .

[0061] If the voltage collected by the microprocessor 113 at the detection node S1 is 57 mV, then at this time, components 110, 120 and 130 are all powered on, component 110 communicates with component 120 through the communication network L1, component 110 communicates with component 130 through the communication network L3, and component 120 communicates with component 130 through the communication network L2.

[0062] See also Figure 4 The present application also provides a vehicle-mounted component 200, which includes the protection circuit 100 as described above. The vehicle-mounted component 200 is arranged inside the vehicle, and each vehicle-mounted component 200 includes a communication connection for transmitting data. The protection circuit 100 prevents the vehicle-mounted component 200 from being damaged or causing communication delay due to inconsistent electrical timing during operation.

[0063] See also Figure 5 The present application also provides a vehicle 300, which includes the vehicle-mounted component 200 as described above. The vehicle 300 may include multiple vehicle-mounted components 200, and the vehicle 300 may be a fuel vehicle, a new energy vehicle, or other vehicle with a vehicle-mounted component 200 that can communicate. The vehicle-mounted component 200 shortens the system startup time of the vehicle, is not easily damaged, and improves the reliability of the vehicle 300.

[0064] Different from the prior art, the present application provides a protection circuit, a vehicle-mounted component and a vehicle, by adjusting the voltage-dividing value of the voltage-dividing branch 112 in each component, so that each voltage-dividing value corresponds to a unique combination of power-on states of the component. Then, the voltage at the detection node S1 in the voltage-dividing branch 112 is detected by the microprocessor 113, and the power-on state of each component in the current protection circuit 100 can be determined. The microprocessor 113 controls the interface chip 111 to communicate with other components that have completed power-on through the communication network L1 between the components, which not only avoids the high level entering the low level interface caused by the asynchronous electrical timing between the components to cause damage to the interface chip, but also does not need to wait for all components to complete power-on before communicating. While protecting the interface chip 111, it improves the efficiency of communication between components and reduces the startup time of the system. At the same time, the present application only adds a voltage-dividing branch and a detection line to the power supply line of the component, and does not need to change the original interface circuit and signal line, avoiding changes to the original circuit design, reducing the number of added components, and reducing production costs.

[0065] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A protection circuit, characterized in that: The protection circuit comprises at least two components, each of which comprises: An interface chip, wherein a power supply port of the interface chip is used to connect to a power supply, and a communication port of the interface chip is connected to at least one of the remaining components to establish at least one communication network; A voltage dividing branch, wherein a first end of the voltage dividing branch is connected to a power supply port of the interface chip, and a second end of the voltage dividing branch is grounded; A microprocessor is connected to the detection node of the voltage divider branch, and is used to detect the voltage divider value provided by the voltage divider branch, and determine the power-on status of each component in the protection circuit based on the voltage divider value, and select the components that are powered on at both ends of the communication network for communication.

2. The protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection circuit further comprises a state detection line, wherein the state detection line is connected to the detection node of the voltage division branch in each of the components; wherein each of the voltage division values ​​corresponds to a power-on state combination of each of the components.

3. The protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage dividing branch includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series, a first end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply port, a second end of the first resistor and a first end of the second resistor are connected and serve as the detection node, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded.

4. The protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first resistor of each of the components decreases in sequence, and the second resistor of each of the components is the same, wherein the resistance value of the first resistor is greater than or equal to ten times the resistance value of the second resistor.

5. The protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: Except for the first resistor having the largest resistance, the resistance of any first resistor is smaller than the parallel sum of the first resistors having larger resistance than the first resistor.

6. The protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The microprocessor is further configured to detect the change in the voltage division value to update the power-on status of each of the components, and select the corresponding communication network to communicate or stop communication based on the updated power-on status of each of the components.

7. The protection circuit according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The first resistor and the second resistor each include at least one resistance.

8. A vehicle-mounted component, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted component includes the protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes the vehicle-mounted component according to claim 8.

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