851results about How to "Improve communication efficiency" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of communication optimization, in particular to a wireless communication method and system of a vehicle diagnosis system. The method comprises the following steps: identifying a plurality of signal sources in an environment and three-dimensional space data of a current position of a vehicle; performing scene interference intensity comprehensive evaluation on the plurality of signal sources in the environment to obtain a current scene interference intensity evaluation value of the vehicle; environment obstacle space layout analysis is carried out on the three-dimensional space data of the current position of the vehicle, environment three-dimensional modeling is carried out, and a vehicle environment three-dimensional point cloud model is constructed; signal multi-path propagation evolution is carried out according to the current scene interference intensity evaluation value of the vehicle and the vehicle environment three-dimensional point cloud model, and optimal signal frequency band analysis is carried out, so that optimal signal frequency band parameters are extracted; and carrying out dynamic transmission frequency modulation and signal adaptive coding based on the optimal signal frequency band parameter, and constructing a dynamic signal transmission strategy. According to the invention, efficient and stable wireless communication is realized, and the vehicle-mounted communication performance is improved.

The invention relates to the field of low-altitude economy, in particular to a server communication optimization method and system based on low-altitude economy. The method comprises the following steps: monitoring an unmanned aerial vehicle communication relay node in a low-altitude field; carrying out node space position positioning calculation on the unmanned aerial vehicle communication relay nodes one by one, carrying out distributed relay topology fitting, and constructing a low-altitude relay communication network; collecting low-altitude real-time interaction information based on a low-altitude relay communication network; performing communication link bandwidth calculation on the low-altitude real-time interaction information, performing dynamic communication protocol modulation, and constructing a dynamic low-altitude adaptive communication protocol; identifying real-time communication state parameters of the relay nodes based on the low-altitude relay communication network; performing inter-node communication channel identification on the real-time communication state parameters of the relay nodes, performing optimal channel scheduling decision, and constructing an optimal channel scheduling strategy; current user communication data of the ground server is monitored. According to the invention, low-delay and high-efficiency server communication optimization is realized.

The invention discloses an Internet of Vehicles multi-parameter monitoring method and system based on 5G multi-access edge computing. The method comprises the following steps: collecting multi-source heterogeneous data in real time by using a vehicle-mounted sensor; transmitting the collected multi-source heterogeneous data to the nearest edge computing node in real time by using a 5G network; preprocessing the multi-source heterogeneous data at an edge computing node; inputting the fused data into a local model deployed on an edge node, and carrying out real-time monitoring and real-time evaluation on a vehicle state and a driver state; the obtained evaluation result is uploaded to a cloud platform, and the cloud platform dynamically adjusts a driving assistance decision and a control instruction according to the vehicle driving working condition and the environment data to generate an optimal decision result; and issuing the optimal decision result to a vehicle-mounted execution unit through a 5G network. According to the method, key parameters such as the vehicle speed and the physiological state of a driver are monitored, and the real-time performance and accuracy of a monitoring system are improved.

The invention provides a mobile robot operation efficiency evaluation method and system based on the industrial internet, and relates to the technical field of operation efficiency evaluation, and the method comprises the steps: collecting multi-mode operation data, selecting a transmission channel, uploading the data to an edge calculation node, carrying out the preprocessing, completing the information, and carrying out the filtering operation, generating a first semantic feature and an operation feature descriptor; selecting an optimal transmission path and a service function chain, uploading the operation characteristic descriptor to a cloud server, carrying out real-time analysis on the operation characteristic descriptor, generating an initial operation efficiency evaluation result, carrying out analysis and comparison, determining an efficiency bottleneck, and generating an initial optimization improvement suggestion; sending an initial operation efficiency evaluation result to an edge computing node, performing semantic enhancement and logical reasoning, generating a refined efficiency evaluation report, analyzing an incidence relation and an influence mechanism among different evaluation indexes, determining key efficiency bottleneck factors, generating a comprehensive optimization suggestion, collecting operation data in real time, and generating a comprehensive efficiency evaluation report.

The invention relates to the field of construction planning visualization, in particular to a construction planning visualization method and system for a refuse transfer station. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a satellite positioning map and a refuse transfer station design drawing of a to-be-developed area; image detail reconstruction is carried out on the satellite positioning map, road space distribution fitting is carried out, and a regional road distribution network is constructed; performing surrounding building positioning calculation on the detail optimization reconstruction satellite image based on a regional road distribution network, performing an optimal site selection decision, and extracting an optimal address region image; carrying out transfer station key feature point identification on the refuse transfer station design drawing, then carrying out three-dimensional point cloud modeling, and constructing a transfer station three-dimensional structure model; and according to the optimal address area image, carrying out corresponding foundation accurate matching on the transfer station three-dimensional structure model, carrying out spatial positioning mapping, and constructing a transfer station address twinborn model. According to the method, the operation efficiency of the transfer station is improved, and the rationality of building planning is enhanced.

The invention provides a deep learning large model training method and system for heterogeneous equipment, belongs to the technical field of model training, and aims to solve the problem that a heterogeneous GPU cluster cannot be effectively utilized when a traditional scheme is used for training a deep learning large model. Different network layers of a deep learning large model to be trained are divided into a plurality of stages, forward propagation and back propagation calculation of all network layers in each stage is executed by independent virtual equipment, and meanwhile, utilization of GPU resources of different structures is coordinated in combination with a proposed hybrid parallel training strategy, so that efficient model training is realized.

The invention discloses an intelligent online monitoring device for a transformer, and relates to the technical field of transformers. The intelligent on-line monitoring device for the transformer comprises a front-end acquisition layer, a data transmission layer, a data processing and analysis layer, a cloud monitoring and management layer and an emergency response layer, through the deployment of the high-precision sensor network and the edge computing nodes, the system can accurately collect and process the operation data of the transformer in real time, and the monitoring accuracy and efficiency are improved. And secondly, the data transmission layer adopts a self-adaptive communication protocol and a data encryption technology, so that real-time and reliable transmission and security protection of the data are ensured, and meanwhile, traceability and tampering prevention of the data are realized by utilizing a block chain technology. In the data processing and analysis layer, the system realizes intelligent early warning and continuous optimization of transformer data through an integrated learning and deep learning model, and improves the accuracy and reliability of early warning. And the emergency response layer is arranged, so that the system can quickly respond to faults.

The invention provides a data transmission optimization method and system based on a satellite channel congestion scene, and belongs to the technical field of satellite communication, and the method comprises the steps: classifying service data, and obtaining different types of data messages; reporting the cache state report to a satellite master station; receiving uplink communication resources distributed by the satellite master station, wherein the uplink communication resources are sent after being distributed by the satellite master station based on the cache state report; determining a channel transmission state of the satellite terminal station based on the uplink communication resources and the service volume in the transmitting cache region; scheduling and sending each type of data messages according to the transmission priorities of the different types of data messages; the transmission priority is determined based on a channel transmission state. According to the invention, in a satellite channel congestion scene, key messages are scheduled preferentially by dynamically adjusting the transmission priorities of different types of data messages, so that the communication efficiency and reliability are improved under limited resources.

The invention provides a streaming communication method and device based on long connection and computer equipment, and the method comprises the steps: building SSE long connection between a server and a large model when the server is started; a WebSocket long connection is established between the client side and the server side; the client sends a user dialogue text with the large model input by a user to the server through WebSocket long connection; the server receives a user dialogue text of the client, processes the user dialogue text, generates a corresponding data request, and sends the data request to the large model through SSE long connection; the large model receives the data request, processes the data request, and transmits model output information back to the server through SSE long connection; and the server receives the model output information, processes the model output information, generates a corresponding response message, and sends the response message to the client through the WebSocket long connection. The method has the beneficial effect that the communication efficiency and real-time performance between the client and the large model are improved.

The invention discloses a whole course rehabilitation management system and management method based on an AI technology, and relates to the technical field of medical health management. The system mainly comprises a medical record file module, a rehabilitation management module and a doctor-patient communication module. Personal medical records of a patient are stored and managed through the structured information storage technology, free interaction between the system and a doctor-patient terminal is achieved through the doctor-patient communication module, a channel for timely consultation and feedback is provided for the patient, and doctor-patient communication is promoted. Rehabilitation schemes of different disease course stages are provided for each patient through the rehabilitation management module, a rehabilitation file of the next stage is adjusted according to execution data of the patient in each stage, and the whole disease course of the patient is throughout until complete rehabilitation is achieved. Personalized whole course rehabilitation management for different patients is realized, and the overall efficiency and the service quality of medical services are improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial intelligence, and provides a communication method and device, a storage medium and a program product, and the method comprises the steps: calling a data transmission interface matched with a home terminal artificial intelligence chip based on a universal interface installed at the home terminal artificial intelligence chip, the universal interface is integrated with data transmission interfaces respectively matched with various artificial intelligence chips; based on the data transmission interface matched with the local-end artificial intelligence chip, communication with the opposite-end artificial intelligence chip is carried out through a direct connection transmission path, a universal interface is installed at the opposite-end artificial intelligence chip, and the data transmission interface matched with the opposite-end artificial intelligence chip is called through the universal interface. According to the method, the device, the storage medium and the program product provided by the invention, direct connection communication with various artificial intelligence chips is realized, so that communication delay between heterogeneous artificial intelligence chips is reduced, and the communication efficiency between the heterogeneous artificial intelligence chips is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of postoperative care of orthopedic patients, and particularly discloses an integrated management system and method for postoperative care of orthopedic patients. A data processing and semantic understanding algorithm based on artificial intelligence and a natural language processing technology is introduced into the digital human to carry out semantic analysis on the questions of the user, and then a plurality of answer records related to the semantics of the questions of the user are searched in a knowledge base, so that answer record semantic feature distribution dynamic aggregation representation information is generated; and generating a question reply text according to the information. Therefore, questions of the user can be automatically obtained and replied through the digital human in the process of postoperative nursing and management of the orthopedic patient, the intelligent question answering system is beneficial to relieving the workload of medical staff during postoperative nursing of the orthopedic patient, the doctor-patient communication efficiency is improved, and the patient experience is improved. Therefore, a more intelligent orthopedic patient postoperative care comprehensive management system can be established.

The invention relates to the technical field of network security and edge computing, in particular to a trusted asymmetric encryption communication protocol of an edge computing gateway driven by a certificate chain, which comprises the following steps of: generating node characteristic data based on edge node hardware characteristics, generating dynamic certificate chain data through edge node cooperation, and recording the dynamic certificate chain data to a block chain to form global trust data; generating global random number data in combination with the dynamic certificate chain data and a chaotic mapping algorithm, and verifying the integrity of the global random number data; generating quantum initialization vector data in combination with the global random number data and the hardware noise data, and performing block encryption on the original communication data to generate block encrypted data; a secret sharing algorithm is used to distribute a dynamic session key to a highly trusted node to ensure the security of the key; and dynamically optimizing subsequent communication parameters according to a result of decrypting the communication data. According to the method, the security, robustness and adaptability of data transmission in an edge computing scene are improved by introducing a dynamic certificate chain, a chaotic mapping algorithm, block encryption and a feedback optimization mechanism.

The invention discloses a communication method for an enterprise network and remote router equipment of a DCS (Distributed Control System). A communication adaptation module is arranged at an enterprise network end and comprises a protocol conversion unit, a data encryption unit, a flow regulation and control unit and a timestamp embedding unit; the far-end router equipment end is provided with a corresponding reverse communication adaptation module. Two-way interaction of data and control instructions is realized through a two-way communication link, and a dynamic link detection and repair sub-module is configured to guarantee stability of the link. According to the method, the problems of protocol compatibility, data security, flow regulation and control, time management, link maintenance and the like are solved, the communication efficiency and quality are improved, efficient, safe and stable operation of remote communication and control functions of the DCS in industrial production is ensured, and the method has a good application prospect.

The invention relates to a time slot allocation method and device of a dynamic TDMA protocol and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out time slot allocation on a network allocation frame in a broadcast time slot according to the priority size of node packet sending, resending a time slot request frame in an arbitration time slot when a certain node applies for sending high-priority data, and after a plurality of nodes send the time slot request frame in the arbitration time slot, sending the time slot request frame in the arbitration time slot. And the main node calculates to obtain an arbitration value corresponding to each node according to the weight corresponding to the priority category of each data to be sent and the weight of the number of frames to be sent, and inserts the new time slot allocation table into the next stage according to the arbitration values from large to small to continue to send the data. By adopting the method, when temporary high-priority data is inserted, high-priority emergencies can be responded in time.

The invention provides a semiconductor equipment data acquisition method and a semiconductor equipment data acquisition system supporting standardized communication transformation, which are used for realizing data acquisition and process control on different types of semiconductor equipment, formulating corresponding communication rules for equipment conforming to a communication standard, and converting an equipment communication protocol by a cluster system so as to match a standard interface. For equipment which does not completely meet the standard but can realize communication through programming, the trunking system directly acquires required data and converts the required data to meet the standard interface specification. For equipment without communication capability, data is acquired through an equipment interface by adopting an image recognition technology, data input and function operation are realized through simulating keyboard and mouse operation, and finally, protocol conversion from data to a standard interface is completed by a cluster equipment control system. And the equipment data is converted into a message data packet conforming to a standard semiconductor equipment communication interface, so that docking with a semiconductor equipment data analysis and process control system is realized, and the production efficiency and quality of the semiconductor equipment are improved.

The invention discloses a micro-kernel Hypervisor-based virtual machine cross-operating system communication method, which comprises the following steps of: creating virtual machines which independently run in respective operating system environments by a micro-kernel Hypervisor, then constructing a shared memory between two virtual machines with communication requirements, respectively initializing virtual machine shared equipment by the two virtual machines, and storing the virtual machine shared equipment in the shared memory; according to the cross-operating-system communication method, the shared memory is mapped to a virtual address of the shared memory, when one virtual machine needs to transmit data to the opposite side, communication is initiated to write the data into the shared memory, and the virtual machine receiving the data reads the data from the shared memory, so that cross-operating-system communication of the virtual machines is realized. Based on the shared memory technology, the communication process of the shared memory and the virtual machines is managed by using the microkernel Hypervisor, and cross-operating system communication between the virtual machines is realized.

The invention relates to a ship hybrid formation control method, device and equipment and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of ships, and the ship hybrid formation control method comprises the steps: constructing a hybrid formation of unmanned ships guided by a man-driven ship through a LoRa technology, obtaining the dynamic data of the hybrid formation, fusing the dynamic data, and obtaining the hybrid formation based on the fused dynamic data. An EMD-LSTM network is adopted to predict the navigation trajectory of the mixed formation to obtain a predicted trajectory, a navigation risk early warning system is constructed based on the obtained actual trajectory of the mixed formation and the predicted trajectory, the navigation risk of the mixed formation is evaluated based on the navigation risk early warning system to obtain an evaluation result, and the mixed formation is controlled based on the evaluation result. And the formation decision-making efficiency and accuracy are improved.

The invention provides an inadvertent dynamic searchable encryption method, and relates to the technical field of information security, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a new Labeled PSI technology in combination with a VOLE technology based on a receiver processor and a sender processor in a bottom layer module, and obtaining an intersection Z of the two parties and a corresponding label; and in the application layer, the client and the server negotiate a database updating method together to dynamically update the database, and the client and the server negotiate a database searching method together to decrypt the document so as to complete encryption processing which can be searched for dynamically and accidentally. According to the invention, the security and efficiency of the dynamic searchable encryption technology are improved.

The invention provides a CT acquisition control communication system and method based on hybrid networking of multiple communication modes. The CT acquisition control communication system comprises a CT stator part communication subsystem, a CT rotor part communication subsystem and a master control PC. The master control PC comprises an upper computer, is operated through a visual interface and is responsible for task scheduling, scanning protocol setting, parameter configuration, data processing, patient registration, working state monitoring and image reconstruction of the whole system; the CT stator part communication subsystem comprises a lower computer core control module, a first WIFI module, a first switch, a rack control module, a patient bed control module, a power management module and a control handle; and the CT rotor part communication subsystem comprises a data acquisition and pay-off control module, a second WIFI module, a second switch, a collimator control module and a detector data acquisition and processing module. According to the invention, the overall communication efficiency and stability of the CT system and the expandability of the communication network can be improved, and the later maintenance cost of the communication system is reduced.

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster topology reconstruction method under an emergency rescue task, belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle communication, and solves the problem of low communication efficiency after existing topology reconstruction. Comprising the steps that a topology reconstruction network is constructed and trained, and the topology reconstruction network comprises a global hybrid network and local hybrid networks and proxy networks corresponding to all unmanned aerial vehicles; the proxy network receives local state information of the corresponding unmanned aerial vehicle at each moment and outputs an action function value of an action at each moment, the local hybrid network receives the action function value of the corresponding unmanned aerial vehicle and outputs a local joint action value, and the global hybrid network receives the local joint action values of all the unmanned aerial vehicles and outputs a cluster joint action value; when the unmanned aerial vehicle breaks down, local state information of the undamaged unmanned aerial vehicle and actions of the undamaged unmanned aerial vehicle at the previous moment are obtained and transmitted into the corresponding trained proxy network, and the corresponding actions are selected according to an epsilon-greedy strategy for topology reconstruction. And topology reconstruction with high communication efficiency is realized.

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster security collaboration method, system and device, a medium and a product. The unmanned aerial vehicle cluster comprises a plurality of pre-divided clusters, each cluster comprises a pre-selected first cluster head node and a plurality of in-cluster child nodes, and the credibility of the first cluster head node meets a preset condition and is larger than that of the in-cluster child nodes. According to the method, secure communication and data sharing among unmanned aerial vehicle cluster nodes are realized through a consensus mechanism, and the security and reliability of an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster are improved; an unmanned aerial vehicle is divided into a plurality of clusters under an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster hierarchical network, the plurality of clusters work cooperatively, and an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster consensus mechanism is divided into an intra-cluster consensus mechanism and a lightweight inter-cluster consensus mechanism by means of hierarchical network characteristics of an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster. The cluster head communication pressure is relieved, communication congestion between cluster head nodes is relieved, the communication complexity is reduced, and the communication efficiency of the unmanned aerial vehicle cluster is improved.

The invention provides a self-discovery ad-hoc network control method based on a swan-gap operating system, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method comprises the steps: based on the swan-gap operating system, extracting the identification information and communication parameters of equipment from all to-be-networked equipment; carrying out compatibility judgment on the communication protocol version and the maximum support bandwidth between the devices; determining a control relationship between the master device and the slave device; dynamically allocating communication resources to each device by adopting a distributed channel allocation algorithm in combination with task requirements of the devices and network bandwidth information; periodically synchronizing the resource state of each device; when the slave device sends a networking quitting request, the master device updates the networking candidate data and re-determines the networking control relationship after releasing the corresponding communication resources; when the master device exits, the device with the highest priority is selected from the slave devices to automatically take over the control role and complete the reconstruction of the networking control relation; according to the invention, the autonomy and accuracy of networking are improved.

The invention discloses a method for remotely controlling Android equipment through MQTT messages based on multi-factor identity verification. The method comprises the steps that S1, a two-way multi-factor identity verification system is configured in a remote control server; s2, a client application program supporting an MQTT protocol is deployed on the Android device; s3, issuing a starting or closing instruction of the application program and a modification instruction set by the system through an MQTT protocol; s4, the remote control server starts a multi-factor identity verification system to verify the identity of the user; s5, verifying the identity of the remote control server through a multi-factor verification system; s6, preventing unauthorized access and tampering; s7, the control instruction is decrypted through the MQTT client application program; s8, feeding back an operation result to the remote control server in a message form through an MQTT protocol; and S9, recording the feedback operation result in a server log. According to the invention, by introducing multi-factor identity verification and an MQTT protocol, safe and efficient remote control of the Android device is realized.

The invention discloses an industrial equipment fault diagnosis expert online question answering system and method based on vector matching, a user inputs a question description at a client, the system locally or remotely converts the question description into a vector representation and matches the vector representation with a stored question standard description, a question item closest to the question description is determined, and a question item corresponding to the question description is determined; recommending an expert ID which is good at processing the closest problem item; the user sends a remote communication request to an expert corresponding to the recommended expert ID at the client; an expert receives the remote communication request at a client, and remote online communication is established based on websocket and webRTC technologies; the invention aims to provide efficient, accurate and convenient fault diagnosis service through an intelligent expert matching mechanism, a flexible communication mode and perfect record management, so that the overall performance and user experience of fault diagnosis of industrial equipment are improved.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of information security, and provides a federated learning privacy protection method and device oriented to device isomerism and a storage medium, the method comprises the following steps: setting a training time delay constraint and a data similarity constraint; on the basis of a multi-arm theft algorithm, predicting the training time by using the historical training time of each server on the local model to obtain the calculation time delay of each server; based on a Pareto algorithm, clustering each server by using training time delay constraint, data similarity constraint and calculation time delay of each server to obtain at least one cluster, each cluster comprising at least two servers; and determining a cluster head server in each cluster based on the training time delay of each server so as to aggregate local models of the servers in each cluster through each cluster head server, and communicating with the central server, the training time delay comprising a calculation time delay and a communication time delay. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the communication consumption of federated learning is reduced, and the model training efficiency in federated learning is improved.

The invention discloses an organization internal communication efficiency improvement method based on social network analysis. The method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting internal communication data of an organization; s2, preprocessing and standardizing the collected data; s3, constructing a communication network graph, and identifying communication frequency and intensity; s4, identifying communication bottlenecks and key nodes in combination with a social physics model and a graph attention network; s5, introducing a network fluid dynamic model and a swarm intelligence method to optimize a communication strategy; s6, continuously optimizing the network structure based on an adaptive optimization method and a context awareness technology; and S7, generating personalized communication optimization suggestions, and dynamically displaying communication network changes. According to the invention, the communication efficiency and decision-making ability in the organization are effectively improved.

The invention relates to a coupler system based on MECHATROLINK-III and a communication method, the system comprises a MECHATROLINK-III master station, a MECHATROLINK-III special cable, a MECHATROLINK-III coupler and a plurality of plug-in IO modules, the MECHATROLINK-III coupler is used for managing all the plug-in IO modules in a slot so as to carry out ordered IO input and output, and the plug-in IO modules are used for carrying out plug-in IO input and output. The communication module is used for carrying out communication interaction between IO data of the whole coupler system and a MECHATROLINK-III master station; and the MECHATROLINK-III coupler is integrated with a plurality of control units or execution units. The MECHATROLINK-III coupler has the advantages that the communication stability and the communication efficiency are guaranteed while the cost of the MECHATROLINK-III coupler system is reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of inventory management, and discloses an inventory management system and method based on order data, and the system comprises a data collection unit, an order analysis unit, an inventory prediction unit, and an inventory management unit. According to the invention, commodities are accurately classified according to order data, a detailed basis is provided for inventory management, extensive management is avoided, and the accuracy is improved; inventory demands are predicted according to different commodity characteristics, multiple factors are combined with historical data, actual sales is close, overstock or stockout is reduced, and the turnover rate and the fund utilization rate are increased; the automatic process reduces manpower, monitors the inventory in real time and gives an early warning, replenishes goods in time, enables managers to concentrate on decision making, improves management efficiency, maintains the reasonable level of the inventory, and reduces cost; the inventory supplement signal contains key information and is quickly transmitted to suppliers, so that the suppliers can supply goods in time, collaboration and communication are enhanced, a stable and efficient supply chain is constructed, risks are reduced, and competitiveness is improved.

The invention discloses an underwater routing protocol design method based on link sensing, and belongs to the technical field of underwater wireless sensor communication networking. The invention aims to solve the problem that the link quality of the existing underwater routing protocol cannot ensure reliable transmission of data. Comprising the following steps: dividing underwater wireless sensors into clusters based on set roles in a node control data packet; each cluster comprises a master node and a corresponding slave node; each master node receives a sensing data packet of the corresponding slave node; each master node maintains attribute information of the adjacent master nodes based on the master node attribute data packets of the adjacent master nodes, and establishes a reward function for transmitting the to-be-transmitted data packets of the master nodes between the two master nodes based on the attribute information of the master nodes; and after a next-hop master node of the underwater route is determined according to the reward function value, transmitting the to-be-transmitted data packet of the current master node to the next-hop master node until data transmission from the to-be-transmitted data packets of all the master nodes to the water surface ship receiving terminal is completed. The underwater sensing data transmission device is used for transmitting underwater sensing data.