Biological filter denitrification packing carrier

Abstract

This utility model discloses a denitrification packing carrier for biological filters, belonging to the field of denitrification packing technology. It includes a packing matrix with multiple insertion and mounting cavities on its sidewalls and a mesh structure, microbial balls placed inside the packing matrix, and packing blocks located at each of the insertion and mounting cavities. Several packing blocks are attached to the sidewalls of the packing matrix, allowing it to contact wastewater from various directions. The activated carbon adsorption packing within the mesh packing blocks adsorbs the wastewater in the biological filter, while nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria loaded on the microbial balls perform combined denitrification treatment. During the treatment process, the exothermic balls in each release cavity heat up upon contact with water, raising the temperature of the biological filter and thus promoting the denitrification reaction efficiency. This denitrification packing carrier for biological filters can efficiently and stably treat nitrogen pollutants in wastewater, achieving water purification goals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of denitrification packing technology, specifically to a denitrification packing carrier for biological filters. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid industrialization and urbanization, wastewater discharge has increased year by year. Among these, nitrogen pollution (such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrate) has become one of the important causes of eutrophication and ecological degradation. Ammonia nitrogen has direct toxicity to aquatic organisms, and high concentrations can damage aquatic ecosystems and affect human health through the food chain. When used for irrigation, it can lead to soil salinization, crop yield reduction, and even crop death. Nitrogen pollution increases the difficulty and cost of treating drinking water and industrial water.

[0003] Traditional wastewater denitrification technologies mainly include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Among them, biological denitrification technology is widely used in the field of wastewater treatment due to its high efficiency, economy, and environmental friendliness.

[0004] The existing packing material has poor pore structure design, which makes it easy for microorganisms to be lost with the water flow, resulting in unstable denitrification effect. At the same time, separating the nitrification (aerobic) and denitrification (anoxic) processes results in low denitrification efficiency, small specific surface area, and low microbial attachment, which limits the denitrification efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model discloses a denitrification packing carrier for biological filters.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: a biological filter denitrification packing carrier, comprising a packing matrix with multiple insertion and installation cavities on the side wall and a mesh structure, microbial balls placed inside the packing matrix, and packing blocks provided at each of the insertion and installation cavities;

[0007] A release chamber is formed between two adjacent insertion mounting cavities, and each release chamber is filled with multiple heat-releasing balls;

[0008] Each of the packing blocks includes a mesh packing block that is inserted into the insertion and mounting cavity, and a limiting frame located on one side of the mesh packing block and engaging with the insertion and mounting cavity. The mesh packing block has an arc-shaped notch on the side opposite to the limiting frame that fits against the outer wall of the microbial ball.

[0009] Furthermore, the exothermic sphere comprises calcium oxide spheres distributed from the inside out, a slow-release layer, and a mesh shell, wherein the slow-release layer is made of PVA or PLA.

[0010] Explanation: Calcium oxide balls heat up when they come into contact with water, thereby promoting the efficiency of the denitrification reaction. The slow-release layer is used to control the contact rate between calcium oxide particles and water, prolong the heat release time, and avoid excessively rapid heat release leading to excessively high local temperatures.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the mesh shell is coated with a biocompatible layer, the biocompatible layer being made of polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide.

[0012] Note: The biocompatible layer is used to promote the attachment of microorganisms and the formation of biofilms, thereby further improving denitrification efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the mesh filler block is provided with a plurality of interleaved reinforcing rods, and the surface of the mesh filler block is provided with a textured surface, wherein the groove depth and texture spacing of the textured surface are both at the micrometer level.

[0014] Note: Reinforcing supports can improve the mechanical strength and stability of the mesh packing blocks. The surface of the mesh packing blocks has micron-level textured surfaces to increase the specific surface area, promote the adhesion of microorganisms, and thus improve the denitrification effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the volume of the release chamber is 1.2-2 times the total volume of each of the heat-releasing balls.

[0016] Explanation: When the heat-releasing ball comes into contact with water, it will undergo a chemical reaction and release heat, accompanied by a certain volume expansion. By limiting the relationship between the volume of the release chamber and the volume of the heat-releasing ball, sufficient expansion space can be provided for the heat-releasing ball, avoiding structural damage or functional failure due to limited volume expansion.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] This invention relates to a biofilter denitrification packing carrier. In use, several packing blocks are snapped into the sidewalls of the packing matrix, allowing contact with wastewater from all directions. Activated carbon adsorption within the mesh packing blocks adsorbs the wastewater in the biofilter. Nitrifying bacteria loaded on microbial balls convert ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrate under aerobic conditions, while denitrifying bacteria convert nitrate into nitrogen gas under anoxic conditions. Polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria remove phosphate from the wastewater under alternating aerobic and anaerobic conditions. During the treatment process, exothermic balls in each release chamber heat up upon contact with water, raising the temperature of the biofilter and thus promoting denitrification efficiency. This biofilter denitrification packing carrier can efficiently and stably treat nitrogen pollutants in wastewater, achieving water purification goals. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filler matrix of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the packing block of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the exothermic ball of this utility model.

[0023] Among them, 1-filler matrix, 10-insertion installation cavity, 11-release cavity, 12-heat-exothermic ball, 120-calcium oxide ball, 121-slow-release layer, 122-mesh shell, 123-biocompatible layer, 2-microbial ball, 3-filler block, 30-mesh filler block, 31-limiting frame, 32-arc-shaped notch, 33-reinforcing support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Example 1: As Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a biological filter denitrification packing carrier includes a packing matrix 1 with a mesh structure having 6 insertion and installation cavities 10 on its sidewall, microbial balls 2 placed inside the packing matrix 1, and packing clips 3 located at each insertion and installation cavity 10.

[0025] A release chamber 11 is formed between two adjacent insertion mounting chambers 10, and each release chamber 11 is filled with a heat-releasing ball 12;

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, each packing block 3 includes a mesh packing block 30 inserted into the insertion and mounting cavity 10, and a limiting frame 31 located on one side of the mesh packing block 30 and engaging with the insertion and mounting cavity 10. The mesh packing block 30 has an arc-shaped notch 32 on the side opposite to the limiting frame 31 that fits against the outer wall of the microbial ball 2.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the exothermic ball 12 includes calcium oxide balls 120, a slow-release layer 121, and a mesh shell 122 distributed from the inside out. The slow-release layer 121 is made of PVA or PLA. The calcium oxide balls 120 heat up when they come into contact with water, thereby promoting the denitrification reaction efficiency. The slow-release layer 121 is used to control the contact rate between the calcium oxide particles 121 and water, prolong the heat release time, and avoid excessively high local temperatures caused by excessively rapid heat release.

[0028] The surface of the mesh shell 122 is coated with a biocompatible layer 123. The biocompatible layer 123 is made of polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide. The biocompatible layer 123 is used to promote the attachment of microorganisms and the formation of biofilm, thereby further improving the denitrification efficiency.

[0029] Microbial balls 2 are loaded with nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria. The porosity of microbial balls 2 gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, with a larger outer layer facilitating microbial attachment and water flow. The inner layer has smaller pores, used for the slow release of nutrients and functional additives. The outer layer porosity is limited to 2mm to ensure water flow and rapid microbial attachment. The large pore structure provides ample attachment space for microorganisms while ensuring smooth water and oxygen transport. The inner layer has small pores (1mm) used for fixing and protecting microorganisms. To prevent the microorganisms from being washed away by the water flow, the small pore structure can also increase the specific surface area and further improve the attachment of microorganisms. Among them, the loading ratio of microbial species on microbial balls 2 is: 22-28 parts of nitrifying bacteria, 3-10 parts of denitrifying bacteria, and 30-36 parts of nitrite bacteria. Microbial balls 2 are existing technologies. For example, fiber spherical packing material with surface loading of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and polyphosphate bacteria developed by the School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering of Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology can be used. Specific microbial species can be obtained by microbial culture companies or laboratories.

[0030] The mesh packing block 30 has 32 interleaved reinforcing supports 33. The surface of the mesh packing block 30 has a textured surface, wherein the groove depth and texture spacing of the textured surface are at the micrometer level. The reinforcing supports 33 can improve the mechanical strength and stability of the mesh packing block 30. The micrometer-level textured surface of the mesh packing block 30 is used to increase the specific surface area and promote the attachment of microorganisms, thereby improving the denitrification effect. The packing material in the mesh packing block 30 is activated carbon adsorption material.

[0031] The volume of the release chamber 11 is 1.2 times the total volume of each heat-releasing ball 12. When the heat-releasing ball 12 comes into contact with water, it will undergo a chemical reaction and release heat, accompanied by a certain volume expansion. By limiting the size relationship between the volume of the release chamber 11 and the volume of the heat-releasing ball 12, sufficient expansion space can be provided for the heat-releasing ball 12, avoiding structural damage or functional failure due to limited volume expansion.

[0032] The method of using the denitrification packing material carrier in the biological filter of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Place the microbial ball 2 inside the packing matrix 1, insert the packing block 3 into each insertion and installation cavity 10, and when inserting the packing block 3, insert the mesh packing block 30 into the insertion and installation cavity 10 and clamp it through the limiting frame 31. At the same time, the arc-shaped notch 32 provides a space for the microbial ball 2 to be contained, and fill the exothermic ball 12 into each release cavity 11.

[0034] S2. Place the packing substrate 1 at the designated position in the biological filter, inject the water to be treated into the biological filter, and ensure that the mesh structure of its sidewall can effectively contact the water flow.

[0035] S3. As water flows through, the calcium oxide balls 120 in the exothermic ball 12 react with water and release heat. The slow-release layer 121 controls the rate of heat release. The heat release promotes the activity of nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria in the microbial ball 2.

[0036] S4. The activated carbon packing in the mesh packing block 30 can adsorb organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater. At the same time, the microbial balls 2 will be dispersed into the wastewater through the mesh structure on the packing matrix 1 and each packing block 3. The nitrifying bacteria loaded on the microbial balls 2 will convert ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrate under aerobic conditions, and the denitrifying bacteria will convert nitrate in the wastewater into nitrogen gas under anoxic conditions. The polyphosphate bacteria will remove phosphate in the wastewater under alternating aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

[0037] Example 2: This example differs from Example 1 in that:

[0038] The volume of the release chamber 11 is twice the total volume of each heat-releasing ball 12.

Claims

1. A biological filter denitrification packing carrier, characterized in that, It includes a packing matrix (1) with multiple insertion and installation cavities (10) on its sidewalls and a mesh structure, microbial balls (2) placed inside the packing matrix (1), and packing clips (3) located at each of the insertion and installation cavities (10); A release chamber (11) is formed between two adjacent insertion mounting cavities (10), and each release chamber (11) is filled with a plurality of heat-releasing balls (12); Each of the packing blocks (3) includes a mesh packing block (30) inserted into the insertion mounting cavity (10) and a limiting frame (31) located on one side of the mesh packing block (30) and engaging with the insertion mounting cavity (10). The mesh packing block (30) has an arc-shaped notch (32) on the side opposite to the limiting frame (31) that fits against the outer wall of the microbial ball (2).

2. The biological filter denitrification packing carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exothermic ball (12) includes calcium oxide balls (120) distributed from the inside out, a slow-release layer (121) and a mesh shell (122), wherein the slow-release layer (121) is made of PVA or PLA.

3. The biological filter denitrification packing carrier according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the mesh shell (122) is coated with a biocompatible layer (123), which is made of polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide.

4. The biological filter denitrification packing carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh packing block (30) is provided with a plurality of interleaved reinforcing support rods (33). The surfaces of the packing matrix (1) and the mesh packing block (30) are provided with concave and convex textures, wherein the groove depth and texture spacing of the concave and convex textures are both at the micrometer level.

5. The biological filter denitrification packing carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume of the release chamber (11) is 1.2-2 times the total volume of each of the heat-releasing balls (12).

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