A new type of assembled sunlight greenhouse with vertical back slope

Abstract

This utility model discloses a novel prefabricated greenhouse with a vertical rear slope, comprising a main greenhouse frame, a vertical rear slope, a waterproof layer, and an insulation layer. The vertical rear slope is connected to one side of the main greenhouse frame. The main greenhouse frame includes main columns, main beams, and arches. The vertical rear slope includes rear slope columns, rear slope beams, top bracing, and a roof panel. In this utility model, the rear slope columns are vertical to the top, with top bracing and rear slope beams added at the top to form a triangle. The interior is connected to adjacent main columns by scissor bracing to enhance overall stability. The cotton quilt on the greenhouse roof is rolled up to the bottom of the triangle, effectively preventing the quilt from turning over and avoiding significant personal safety and property damage. The sloping surface of the triangle structure has a top vent, which helps air circulation inside the greenhouse, regulates temperature and humidity, and creates a better growing environment for crops. The increased slope effectively increases the light-receiving surface of the greenhouse while solving problems such as water accumulation and leakage at the top, ensuring the interior of the greenhouse remains dry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of solar greenhouse technology, specifically relating to a novel vertical rear-slope assembled solar greenhouse. Background Technology

[0002] Solar greenhouses are important facilities for winter agricultural production in northern my country, mainly used for off-season cultivation of vegetables, flowers, and other crops. Through rational structural design, they fully utilize solar energy to achieve indoor heat preservation, creating a suitable environment for crop growth. The rear slope, as a crucial component of the solar greenhouse, not only bears the load but also has a key impact on the greenhouse's heat preservation performance, lighting effect, and overall stability. With the rapid development of facility agriculture, higher demands are placed on the construction efficiency, heat preservation performance, service life, and environmental friendliness of solar greenhouses. Traditional methods of constructing rear slopes for solar greenhouses have many shortcomings and cannot meet the needs of modern facility agriculture, specifically: 1. Earthen wall back slope: Early solar greenhouses mostly used earthen walls with back slopes, which were made by compacting or piling up local soil. This type of back slope structure is simple and low in cost, but it has obvious disadvantages. The construction of earthen walls relies on a lot of manpower and material resources, the construction period is long and the efficiency is low. In addition, the strength and durability of earthen walls are poor, and they are easily eroded and weathered by rainwater, requiring frequent maintenance. Furthermore, the heat insulation performance of earthen walls is unstable and is greatly affected by soil moisture and temperature, making it difficult to ensure the temperature stability inside the greenhouse.

[0003] 2. Brick-built back slope: With the development of building materials, brick-built back slopes have gradually replaced earthen back slopes. Brick-built back slopes are constructed using bricks, which improves strength and durability, but some problems still exist. The bricklaying requires certain skills and time, resulting in a slower construction speed and a lower degree of prefabrication. The insulation of the back slope mainly relies on the wall thickness and the internal insulation material. Gaps can easily appear when laying the insulation material, leading to poor insulation performance. Moreover, the brick-built back slope has a large self-weight, which places higher demands on the greenhouse frame structure and increases construction costs.

[0004] 3. Steel frame rear slope: In recent years, steel frame rear slopes have been used in greenhouses. Steel frame rear slopes use steel structures as supports and have advantages such as high strength and fast construction speed. However, the thermal insulation performance of steel frame rear slopes mainly depends on the external insulation material. The connection between the insulation material and the steel frame is prone to thermal bridging, which leads to heat loss. In addition, the steel frame is susceptible to corrosion and requires regular anti-corrosion treatment, which increases maintenance costs.

[0005] In summary, the existing back slope technology for solar greenhouses has the following main drawbacks: 1. Long construction period: Whether it is an earthen wall back slope, a brick back slope, or a steel frame back slope, the construction process requires a lot of on-site work, and the construction speed is slow, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale rapid construction; 2. Unstable thermal insulation performance: The thermal insulation design of the existing back slope structure is not reasonable enough, and the laying of thermal insulation materials is prone to problems, resulting in large temperature fluctuations inside the greenhouse, which affects the growth of crops. 3. Low degree of prefabrication: Traditional back slope construction methods mainly rely on on-site masonry or welding, with little application of prefabricated components, resulting in a low degree of prefabrication, which is not conducive to industrialized production and standardized construction. 4. High durability and maintenance costs: The back slope of the earthen wall is prone to erosion, and the back slope of the steel frame is prone to corrosion. Both require regular maintenance, which increases the cost of use and also affects the service life of the greenhouse. 5. Poor rain leakage and ventilation performance: The existing greenhouse back slopes are all curved slopes. When the cotton quilt on the front slope of the greenhouse is rolled up to the top and stops, there is a major risk that it may roll over the ridge due to motor failure, limit switch failure, or human error. The slope of the top wind vent on the front slope is small, resulting in more water leakage and additional costs for maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0006] In response to the problems of long construction period, unstable heat preservation performance, low degree of prefabrication and poor durability of existing solar greenhouses with rear slopes, this utility model studies and designs a new type of vertical prefabricated solar greenhouse with a rear slope. Its purpose is to provide a vertical solar greenhouse with a rear slope that improves construction efficiency, enhances heat preservation performance, improves prefabrication degree, improves durability, reduces maintenance costs and enhances structural stability.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model: A novel prefabricated greenhouse with a vertical rear slope includes a main greenhouse frame, a vertical rear slope, a waterproof layer, and an insulation layer. The vertical rear slope is connected to one side of the main greenhouse frame. The main greenhouse frame includes main columns, main beams, and arches. The main beams are connected to the main columns, and the arches are connected to the main columns. The vertical rear slope includes rear slope columns, rear slope beams, top bracing, and a roof panel. The rear slope columns and rear slope beams are connected to form a frame structure. The two ends of the top bracing are connected to the rear slope columns and the main columns, respectively, forming a triangular structure. The waterproof layer and the insulation layer are sequentially installed on the outside of the greenhouse.

[0008] Preferably, the upright rear slope is connected to the main frame of the greenhouse using standardized connectors to ensure the stability and reliability of the overall structure, while also facilitating disassembly and replacement.

[0009] Preferably, the main columns are evenly arranged along the length of the greenhouse, and the arch rods are connected to the top of the main columns to form the supporting structure of the greenhouse. The bottom of the rear slope columns is connected to the base surface by anchor bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the main crossbeam includes a main top crossbeam and a main support crossbeam. The main top crossbeam is connected to the top side of the main column, and the main support crossbeam is connected to the middle and lower side of the main column. Both the main crossbeam and the main column are made of steel, and the surfaces of the steel main crossbeam and main column are treated with anti-corrosion.

[0011] Preferably, the rear slope columns and rear slope beams are made of steel structures or precast reinforced concrete components. The surfaces of the steel structure rear slope columns and rear slope beams are treated with anti-corrosion measures. The reinforced concrete rear slope columns and rear slope beams are made of high-performance concrete. The bottom of the rear slope columns is connected to the base surface by anchor bolts to ensure the stability of the rear slope columns. The rear slope columns and rear slope beams are connected by bolts or welding.

[0012] Preferably, the roof panel is made of prefabricated lightweight material, including one or more of color steel sandwich panels and polyurethane composite panels, and the roof panel is connected to the rear slope beam and the main top beam by self-tapping screws or bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the insulation layer is one or more of a multi-layer composite cotton quilt, polystyrene foam board, and rock wool board, and the insulation layer is laid on the outermost layer of the overall frame of the greenhouse and is closely fitted to the overall frame of the greenhouse.

[0014] Preferably, the waterproof layer is a light-transmitting, anti-fog, and drip-free film, which is laid along the overall frame of the greenhouse and tightly adhered to it, and is fixed with a film-pressing groove and spring clip in conjunction with a film-pressing rope.

[0015] Preferably, the rear slope column is connected to the adjacent main column by scissor bracing.

[0016] Preferably, the arch is provided with a windbreak bar, the main body top beam is provided with a canopy, the insulation layer at the top of the canopy is rolled up to the bottom of the top triangular structure, and a top wind vent is provided on the inclined surface of the triangular structure, and a rear slope downwind vent is also provided at the bottom of the vertical rear slope.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model has a reasonable structure and novel design. The rear slope column is upright to the top, and the top is reinforced with a top diagonal brace and a rear slope crossbeam to form a triangle. The internal structure is connected to the adjacent main column with scissor braces to enhance overall stability. The cotton quilt on the greenhouse roof stops at the bottom of the triangle, effectively preventing the quilt from turning over and avoiding significant loss of personnel safety and property. The sloping surface of the triangular structure is equipped with a top vent, which helps air circulation inside the greenhouse, regulates temperature and humidity, and creates a better crop growth environment. The increased slope can effectively increase the light-receiving surface of the greenhouse, while solving problems such as water trapping and leakage at the top, ensuring that the inside of the greenhouse is dry, and has high practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rear slope column and the crossbeam in this utility model.

[0019] The components include: 1. Main column, 2. Arch rod, 3. Rear slope column, 4. Rear slope crossbeam, 5. Top diagonal brace, 6. Anchor bolt, 7. Main top crossbeam, 8. Main support crossbeam, 9. Scissor brace, 10. Windbreak rod, 11. Cotton quilt, 12. Top wind vent, 13. Rear slope downwind vent, 14. Downwind vent, 15. Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a novel prefabricated greenhouse with a vertical rear slope includes a main greenhouse frame, a vertical rear slope, a waterproof layer (not shown in the figure), and an insulation layer (not shown in the figure). The vertical rear slope is connected to one side of the main greenhouse frame. The main greenhouse frame includes main columns 1, main beams, and arch rods 2. The main beams are connected to the main columns 1, and the arch rods 2 are connected to the main columns 1. The vertical rear slope includes rear slope columns 3, rear slope beams 4, top bracing 5, and a roof panel (not shown in the figure). The rear slope columns 3 and rear slope beams 4 are connected to form a frame structure. The top bracing 5 is connected at both ends to the rear slope columns 3 and the main columns 1, forming a triangular structure. The waterproof layer (not shown in the figure) and the insulation layer (not shown in the figure) are sequentially installed on the outside of the greenhouse. The vertical rear slope structure increases the vertical height of the rear slope, expands the usable space inside the greenhouse, and facilitates the prefabrication and installation of the rear slope components. The height, width, and angle of the back slope can be adjusted according to different geographical environments and climatic conditions to meet the construction needs of solar greenhouses in different regions. For example, in areas with weak sunlight, the angle of the back slope can be appropriately increased to improve the lighting effect; in areas with heavy wind and snow, the cross-sectional dimensions of the back slope columns and beams can be increased to improve the structure's resistance to wind and snow.

[0022] In this embodiment, the upright back slope and the main frame of the greenhouse are connected by standardized connectors to ensure the stability and reliability of the overall structure, while also facilitating disassembly and replacement.

[0023] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the main columns 1 are evenly arranged along the length of the greenhouse, and the arch rods 2 are connected to the top of the main columns 1 to form the supporting structure of the greenhouse. The bottom of the rear slope columns 4 is connected to the base surface by anchor bolts 6.

[0024] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the main crossbeam includes a main top crossbeam 7 and a main support crossbeam 8. The main top crossbeam 7 is connected to the top side of the main column 1, and the main support crossbeam 8 is connected to the middle and lower side of the main column 1. Both the main crossbeam and the main column 1 are made of steel, and both the steel main crossbeam and the main column 1 are hot-dip galvanized.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the rear slope column 3 is made of steel structure or precast reinforced concrete. The steel structure column is made of square or rectangular steel tube, and the reinforced concrete column is made of precast concrete column. The bottom of the rear slope column 3 is connected to the base surface by anchor bolts 6 to ensure the stability of the rear slope column. The rear slope beam 4 is also made of steel structure or precast reinforced concrete, and is connected to the rear slope column 3 by bolts 15 or by pre-embedded components to form the frame structure of the rear slope.

[0026] In this embodiment, the roof panel is made of prefabricated lightweight material, including one or more of color steel sandwich panels and polyurethane composite panels, which have advantages such as light weight, high strength, and good thermal insulation performance. The roof panel is laid along the direction of the rear slope crossbeam 4 and the main top crossbeam 7, and is connected to the rear slope crossbeam 4 and the main top crossbeam 7 by self-tapping screws or bolts to form a vertical load-bearing and enclosure structure for the rear slope. The roof panel can also be made of transparent or semi-transparent materials such as polycarbonate sheets to increase the lighting effect of the greenhouse, which is suitable for the cultivation of crops with high light requirements.

[0027] In this embodiment, the insulation layer uses one or more of the following: multi-layer composite cotton quilt, polystyrene foam board, and rock wool board. The multi-layer composite cotton quilt is laid on the outermost layer of the greenhouse frame and is tightly fitted to the greenhouse frame. The polystyrene foam board and rock wool board are laid between the rear slope crossbeam 4 and the main top crossbeam 7 and are tightly fitted to the roof panel to reduce thermal bridging. The thickness of the insulation layer is designed according to the local climate conditions, and more suitable insulation materials are selected, such as insulation quilts, vacuum insulation boards, and aerogel insulation felts that are suitable for different regions and composed of different materials, to ensure that the rear slope has good insulation performance.

[0028] In this embodiment, the waterproof layer is a light-transmitting, anti-fog, and drip-free film, which is laid along the overall frame of the greenhouse and tightly adhered to form a vertical waterproof system for the rear slope, roof, and gable walls. The light-transmitting, anti-fog, and drip-free film is laid smoothly and taut along the slope of the overall frame of the greenhouse to ensure that rainwater slides off without resistance. Air vents are set according to the needs of the greenhouse, and film-pressing grooves and spring clips are used to fix the film in conjunction with film-pressing ropes. This is an existing structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the rear slope column 3 is connected to the adjacent main column 1 by scissor bracing 9.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, a windbreak bar 10 is installed on the arch rod 2, and a canopy is installed on the main top beam 7. The cotton quilt 11 on the top of the canopy is rolled up to the bottom of the top triangular structure and a top wind vent 12 is installed on the inclined surface of the triangular structure. A back slope downwind vent 13 is also installed at the bottom of the vertical back slope, and a downwind vent 14 is also installed on the main frame of the greenhouse.

[0031] Specific construction process: 1. Base surface construction: First, the greenhouse base surface is constructed, including the base surface of the main column 1 and the rear slope column 3. The base surface uses anchor bolts to ensure the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation. 2. Greenhouse main frame installation: Install the main column 1 and arch rod 2 of the greenhouse main frame. The main column 1 is installed according to the design spacing and connected to the base surface by anchor bolts 6. The arch rod 2 is connected to the top of the main column 1 to form the main support structure of the greenhouse. 3. Prefabrication of vertical rear slope components: Prefabricate the vertical rear slope components such as the rear slope column 3, rear slope beam 4, and roof panel in the factory. Hot-dip galvanizing or anti-corrosion treatment is applied to the steel structure components, and the reinforced concrete components are cured. 4. Rear slope column installation: Transport the prefabricated rear slope column 3. Upon arrival at the site, the foundation is installed on the north side of the greenhouse and connected to the foundation using anchor bolts 6. The verticality and spacing of the rear slope columns 1 are adjusted. Fifth, the rear slope crossbeams are installed: the prefabricated rear slope crossbeams 4 are connected to the rear slope columns 3 using bolts 15 or pre-embedded components to form a vertical rear slope frame structure. Sixth, waterproofing layer construction: a waterproofing layer is installed above the overall greenhouse frame, using anti-fog and drip-free film to ensure the waterproofing performance of the vertical rear slope, roof, and gable walls. Seventh, insulation layer laying: an insulation layer is formed on the outermost layer of the greenhouse frame and anti-fog and drip-free film, ensuring a tight fit between the insulation layer and the rear slope crossbeams and both gable walls. Ninth, installation of other systems: the front roof, ventilation system, insulation covering system, and other components are installed to complete the overall construction of the greenhouse.

[0032] This utility model adopts an upright rear slope structure, which consists of rear slope columns 3, rear slope beams 4, roof panels (not shown in the figure), insulation layer (not shown in the figure), and waterproof layer (not shown in the figure). The rear slope columns 3 and rear slope beams 4 are made of steel structure or precast reinforced concrete components, which are quickly assembled through prefabricated assembly components, realizing the efficient construction of the upright rear slope, reducing on-site work, shortening the construction cycle, realizing the rapid construction of the solar greenhouse, improving construction efficiency, and meeting the needs of large-scale facility agriculture construction. The waterproof layer (not shown in the figure) and insulation layer (not shown in the figure) are sequentially set on the outermost layer of the overall greenhouse frame, forming a good insulation and waterproof system. They are closely attached to the overall greenhouse frame, improving the insulation performance of the greenhouse, ensuring stable temperature inside the greenhouse, and providing a good environment for crop growth. The greenhouse features a detachable structure. When the rear slope support column 3 and the main support column 1 are connected to the base surface via anchor bolts 6, the stability of the rear slope support column 3 is ensured, preventing damage to the cultivated land. All components are prefabricated and assembled on-site using standardized connectors. The greenhouse can be disassembled and moved to other areas for reassembly according to different geographical environments and crop requirements, achieving industrialized production and standardized construction, thus improving the prefabrication level of solar greenhouses. Durable materials are selected, such as anti-corrosion treatment on the steel structure surface, high-performance concrete for the prefabricated reinforced concrete components, and lightweight and durable materials for the roof panels (not shown in the figure), reducing maintenance needs, lowering maintenance costs, improving durability, and extending the service life of the greenhouse. At the same time, the upright rear slope is connected to the main greenhouse frame via standardized connectors, ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall structure, giving it high practical value.

[0033] In summary, this utility model has achieved the expected results.

Claims

1. A novel prefabricated vertical greenhouse with a rear slope, characterized in that: The greenhouse includes a main frame, an upright rear slope, a waterproof layer, and an insulation layer. The upright rear slope is connected to one side of the main frame. The main frame includes main columns, main beams, and arches. The main beams are connected to the main columns, and the arches are connected to the main columns. The upright rear slope includes rear slope columns, rear slope beams, top bracing, and a roof panel. The rear slope columns and rear slope beams are connected to form a frame structure. The top bracing is connected at both ends to the rear slope columns and the main columns, forming a triangular structure. The waterproof layer and the insulation layer are sequentially installed on the outside of the greenhouse.

2. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upright rear slope is connected to the main greenhouse frame using standardized connectors to ensure the stability and reliability of the overall structure, while also facilitating disassembly and replacement.

3. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main columns are evenly arranged along the length of the greenhouse, and the arch rods are connected to the top of the main columns to form the supporting structure of the greenhouse. The bottom of the rear slope columns is connected to the base surface by anchor bolts.

4. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main beam includes a main top beam and a main support beam. The main top beam is connected to the top side of the main column, and the main support beam is connected to the middle and lower side of the main column. Both the main beam and the main column are made of steel, and the surfaces of the steel main beam and main column are treated with anti-corrosion.

5. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rear slope columns and beams are made of steel or precast reinforced concrete. The steel rear slope columns and beams are treated with anti-corrosion coating. The reinforced concrete rear slope columns and beams are made of high-performance concrete. The bottom of the rear slope columns is connected to the base surface by anchor bolts to ensure the stability of the rear slope columns. The rear slope columns and beams are connected by bolts or welding.

6. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The roof panel is made of prefabricated lightweight material, including one or more of color steel sandwich panels and polyurethane composite panels. The roof panel is connected to the rear slope beam and the main top beam by self-tapping screws or bolts.

7. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation layer is one or more of the following: multi-layer composite cotton quilt, polystyrene foam board, and rock wool board. The insulation layer is laid on the outermost layer of the overall frame of the greenhouse and is closely attached to the overall frame of the greenhouse.

8. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof layer is made of a light-transmitting, anti-fog, and drip-free film, which is laid along the overall frame of the greenhouse and tightly attached, and is fixed with a film-pressing groove and spring clip in conjunction with the film-pressing rope.

9. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rear slope column is connected to the adjacent main column by scissor bracing.

10. The novel prefabricated vertical rear-slope greenhouse as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The arch is equipped with a windbreak bar, and the main top beam is equipped with a canopy. The insulation layer at the top of the canopy is rolled up to the bottom of the top triangular structure, and a top wind vent is provided on the inclined surface of the triangular structure. A rear slope downwind vent is also provided at the bottom of the vertical rear slope.

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