Dual power steam turbine

Abstract

The present invention provides a dual-power steam turbine, which is composed of a steam turbine and a fuel engine. A heat exchanger is arranged on the fuel engine casing, the engine manifold, the outside of the engine cylinder, or any part of the engine exhaust outlet to convert the engine waste heat into high-pressure steam; the steam turbine air inlet is connected to the high-pressure steam outlet of the heat exchanger and the exhaust port of the fuel engine to form a dual-power steam turbine. The present invention increases the thermal efficiency of the fuel engine to more than 60%, saves more than 20% of fuel, and reduces exhaust emission pollution by more than 60%; it is not only applicable to ground engines but also to sea and air engines; it fundamentally solves the problems of low efficiency, high fuel consumption, and serious pollution of fuel engines; it makes the fuel engine an energy-saving and environmentally friendly engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel engines, and in particular relates to a dual-power steam turbine. Background Art

[0002] Existing fuel engines include oil engines and gas engines, which can be divided into explosion-driven and airflow-driven engines. Explosion-driven engines are mainly piston engines and rotary engines. Airflow-driven engines are mainly gas turbines and steam turbines. Existing steam turbines are all driven by a single gas, gas or steam.

[0003] The disadvantage is that the explosion-driven engine only uses the pressure of the explosion of the fuel to drive the engine. A large amount of heat is discharged without doing work, which is very inefficient, wasteful and polluting.

[0004] Gas turbines only use the high-speed airflow generated by fuel combustion to drive the engine. The pressure and heat of fuel explosion are not fully utilized. A large amount of heat is discharged without doing work, which is very inefficient, wasteful and polluting. These are problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems of low efficiency, waste and serious pollution of existing fuel engines, and proposes a dual-power steam turbine that makes full use of the waste heat discharged by the engine to generate steam to provide secondary power for the engine, thereby improving thermal efficiency, saving fuel and reducing pollution.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention is composed of a steam turbine and a fuel engine. The fuel engine is mainly a fuel engine and a gas generator. It is characterized in that a heat exchanger is arranged on the engine casing, the engine manifold, any part of the engine exhaust outlet, or the outside of the engine cylinder to convert the engine waste heat into high-pressure steam. The turbine air inlet is connected to the high-pressure steam outlet of the heat exchanger and the engine exhaust outlet to form a dual-power steam turbine.

[0008] Preferably, the heat exchanger component or heat exchange device of the heat exchanger is arranged at any position that can absorb the residual heat of the fuel engine.

[0009] It also includes: the heat exchanger or the heat exchanger component is arranged on the turbocharger housing.

[0010] The heat exchanger includes: a coil structure or a boiler structure or a gas water heater structure or an internal heat structure or an external heat structure or a water jacket furnace structure. The heat exchanger is arranged at any position where the fuel engine generates high temperature. The heat exchanger absorbs the waste heat of the engine and generates high-pressure steam to provide new power for the dual-power steam turbine of the present invention.

[0011] For gas turbines, the combustion chamber is used as a fuel engine. A high-speed rotor engine or a high-speed piston engine can also be used as a fuel engine to provide it with a high-speed airflow. The heat exchanger heat exchanger component is arranged inside or outside the tail nozzle or inside or outside the body at any position that can absorb waste heat to generate high-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam is then sprayed into the turbine air inlet to form a steam turbine driven by both gas and steam with the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharged from the combustion chamber exhaust port.

[0012] For the deflagration engine, the turbine air inlet is connected to the high-pressure steam outlet of the heat exchanger and the exhaust outlet of the fuel engine at the same time, and the two gases are mixed before entering the turbine, or the two outlets are connected separately, and the two gases are mixed after entering the turbine, forming a turbine driven by both gas and steam.

[0013] After the two gases are mixed, the exhaust temperature is reduced, eliminating the damage to the steam turbine caused by high temperature, reducing the requirements for turbine materials, and effectively extending the life of the steam turbine. The mixed exhaust water vapor condenses into water when it is cold, which can greatly reduce emission pollution.

[0014] Further: the steam turbine is independent or connected to the fuel engine.

[0015] The independent steam turbine also includes an engine turbocharger. The turbocharger is designed as an independent dual-gas driven steam turbine. The heat of the turbocharger shell or the heat of the inlet and outlet are used to generate high-pressure steam, which is then input into its turbine to form secondary power. The output power of the turbine is increased, the output displacement and pressure of the compressor are increased, and sufficient intake flow and pressure are provided for the engine.

[0016] Placing the heat exchanger component on the turbocharger can also reduce the temperature of the turbocharger, eliminate the risk of spontaneous combustion, and extend the life of the turbocharger, thereby fundamentally eliminating the defects of existing turbochargers.

[0017] The steam turbine and the fuel engine are connected by shafts, including: the two shafts are directly connected or connected through a clutch or a speed change mechanism or an automatic control mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the steam turbine is one of a turbine structure, an impeller structure, a steam turbine structure, a gas turbine structure, a rotary engine structure, a Roots flowmeter structure, and a pneumatic motor structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the fuel engine is a piston engine, a jet engine, a turbofan engine, a turboshaft engine, a gas turbine, or a rotary engine.

[0020] Furthermore, the high-pressure steam outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the steam turbine air inlet and the turbocharger air inlet at the same time, or is connected to the steam turbine air inlet or the turbocharger air inlet alone.

[0021] For a turbocharger engine, the high-pressure steam outlet is connected to the steam turbine air inlet and the turbocharger air inlet at the same time, which can increase power for the steam turbine and the turbocharger at the same time. Through the automatic controller, the steam power can be reasonably distributed to the steam turbine and the turbocharger to improve efficiency.

[0022] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is composed of a water tank, a heat exchange device and an air storage tank, and the heat exchanger is connected to the steam turbine via the air storage tank.

[0023] The heat exchanger is a system that converts liquid into gas. The water tank, heat exchange device and gas storage tank are the basic conditions for the system. The gas storage tank can store steam and provide power output for the steam turbine at any time to ensure safety and convenient control.

[0024] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is connected to an automatic controller, and pressure, temperature, liquid level, and flow sensors are respectively provided on the heat exchange device, water tank, and gas storage tank and connected to the automatic controller, and the steam and liquid pressure, temperature, liquid level, and flow of the heat exchange device, water tank, and gas storage tank are controlled by the automatic controller.

[0025] Furthermore, the automatic controller is also connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine or the air outlet of the heat exchanger, and the automatic controller controls the air inlet flow and speed of the steam turbine through a pressure signal, a flow signal, a speed signal, or a throttle signal.

[0026] The automatic controller is connected to the turbine air inlet or the heat exchanger air outlet through a flow controller. The automatic controller controls the turbine air inlet flow and speed through the heat exchanger steam pressure signal, steam flow signal, fuel engine or turbine speed signal, throttle sensor or accelerator sensor signal.

[0027] The automatic controller is connected to the turbocharger air inlet, and controls the turbocharger air intake flow, speed and air output flow through the fuel engine air intake flow, air intake pressure, engine speed signal, throttle sensor or accelerator sensor signal.

[0028] Furthermore, a low-temperature automatic water discharge device or a manual water discharge device is provided on the heat exchanger.

[0029] Freezing in winter is harmful to engine safety. It is necessary to ensure that the water inside the heat exchanger is emptied in time at 0 degrees to prevent freezing. It also includes: the heat exchanger is designed to have an anti-freezing cracking structure, or the heat exchanger is provided with an anti-freezing device or a safety valve.

[0030] Furthermore, the steam turbine output shaft is connected to one or more of a blower, a compressor, an exhaust fan, an air supercharger, a generator, a water pump, a mining machinery, a drilling rig, and transportation equipment.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention increases the thermal efficiency of fuel engines to more than 60%, saves more than 20% of fuel, and reduces exhaust emission pollution by more than 60%. It is not only applicable to ground engines but also to sea and air engines. It fundamentally solves the problems of low efficiency, high fuel consumption and serious pollution of fuel engines, making fuel engines energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0033] The present invention utilizes the exhaust gas of the fuel engine as the primary power of the steam turbine; utilizes the high temperature of the engine or the high temperature of the exhaust gas to heat the cold water and convert it into high-pressure steam to provide secondary power for the steam turbine. The high-pressure steam and the engine exhaust together provide hybrid power for the steam turbine, forming a dual-gas driven steam turbine. It is equivalent to adding a new engine without increasing the energy consumption of the original fuel engine. The dual-gas driven steam turbine can work alone to drive other equipment, or it can work in conjunction with the fuel engine to increase the output power of the fuel engine and greatly improve the thermal efficiency of the fuel engine. After the two gases are mixed, the temperature of the exhaust gas is reduced, the damage to the steam turbine caused by high temperature is eliminated, the material requirements for the steam turbine are reduced, and the service life of the steam turbine is effectively extended. The mixed exhaust water vapor condenses into water when it is cold, which can dissolve a large amount of smoke, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, etc. in the exhaust gas, greatly reducing emission pollution.

[0034] For an engine with a turbocharger, the present invention adopts a dual-gas driven turbocharger, which fundamentally eliminates a series of defects such as high temperature existing in the turbocharger; ensures that the turbocharger rotates at high speed throughout the entire process to effectively increase the engine intake volume, improves the output power and thermal efficiency of the fuel engine, and reduces exhaust emissions caused by incomplete combustion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-power steam turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a dual-power steam turbine with a water tank and an air storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3The embodiment of the present invention is a schematic diagram of a dual-power steam turbine being a turbocharger;

[0038] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is that the fuel engine is a gas turbine.

[0039] In the figure

[0040] 1. Fuel engine; 2. Heat exchanger;

[0041] 3. Exhaust manifold; 4. Heat exchanger steam outlet;

[0042] 5. Fuel engine exhaust port; 6. Exhaust gas inlet;

[0043] 7. Steam inlet; 8. Steam turbine;

[0044] 9. Exhaust gas outlet; 10. Steam turbine output shaft;

[0045] 11. Fuel engine output shaft; 12. Water tank;

[0046] 13. Gas storage tank; 14. Gas flow controller;

[0047] 15. Turbocharger; 16. Turbocharger compressor;

[0048] 17. Turbocharger air outlet; 18. Turbocharger air inlet;

[0049] 19. Water; 20. High-pressure steam;

[0050] 21. Heat exchanger water supply control valve; 22. Water tank water inlet valve;

[0051] 23. Gas turbine air compressor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0055] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the independent dual-power steam turbine and fuel engine of the present invention.

[0058] The heat exchanger 2 is arranged outside the exhaust manifold 3 of the fuel engine 1, and absorbs the exhaust heat to heat the water 19 inside the heat exchanger 2 to generate high-pressure steam 20. The heat exchanger steam outlet 4 is connected to the steam inlet 7 of the steam turbine, and the high-pressure steam 20 is input to the steam turbine 8 through the exchanger steam outlet 4 to drive the steam turbine 8 to rotate. The fuel engine exhaust port 5 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet 6 of the steam turbine, and the fuel engine exhaust is input to the steam turbine 8 to drive the steam turbine 8 to rotate. The two gases drive the steam turbine 8 to rotate at the same time, forming a dual-power steam turbine. After the two mixed gases do work, they are discharged into the atmosphere through the turbine exhaust gas outlet 9.

[0059] Figure 1 The steam turbine output shaft 10 and the fuel engine output shaft 11 can also be connected to form a coaxial output engine, which increases power, saves fuel and reduces exhaust pollution.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of a dual-power steam turbine and fuel engine with a water tank and air tank

[0062] Embodiment 2 adds a water tank 12 and an air tank 13 on the basis of Embodiment 1. The water tank 12 and the heat exchanger 2 are connected through the heat exchanger water replenishment control valve 21 to replenish water for the heat exchanger, ensure that there is an appropriate amount of water inside the heat exchanger, and generate enough steam. The water replenishment valve is automatically controlled or manually controlled. The heat exchanger steam outlet 4 is connected to the air tank 13, and the generated high-pressure steam is stored in the air tank 13 through the gas outlet. The high-pressure steam is output to the steam inlet 7 of the steam turbine through the gas flow controller 14, and the steam turbine is controlled and driven to rotate by the gas flow controller 14; a water tank water inlet valve 22 is provided on the water tank 13 to add water to the water tank.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a steam turbine as a turbocharger.

[0065] Embodiment 3 is a fuel engine with a turbocharger. Steam and exhaust gas drive the turbocharger simultaneously through the exhaust gas inlet 6 and steam inlet 7 of the turbine, greatly improving the output flow and pressure of the turbocharger. More air is provided for the engine to assist combustion. The mixed exhaust gas is mixed and discharged through the exhaust gas outlet 9. The engine efficiency is effectively improved, fuel is saved, and emission pollution is reduced.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] like Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a dual gas driven steam turbine of a gas turbine structure.

[0068] In the figure, 1 is the combustion chamber of the gas turbine as a fuel engine 1. The high-pressure fuel gas of the fuel engine 1 is input into the exhaust gas inlet 6 of the steam turbine through the exhaust port 5 of the fuel engine, providing primary power for the steam turbine. The exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas outlet 9. The heat exchanger 2 is arranged outside the exhaust gas outlet 9 of the steam turbine. The heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas to generate high-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam is input into the steam inlet 7 of the steam turbine through the steam outlet 4 of the heat exchanger, providing secondary power for the steam turbine 8. The two mixed gases drive the steam turbine to work and are discharged through the exhaust gas outlet 9. Due to the entry of high-pressure steam, the exhaust temperature is greatly reduced. This can reduce the high temperature resistance requirements of the nozzle material, reduce costs, extend the life of the engine, greatly improve the engine efficiency, save fuel, and especially the mixed gas emission can greatly reduce emission pollution.

[0069] In this embodiment, the combustion chamber can also be replaced by a rotary engine or a piston engine, making full use of the power of fuel explosion, driving the rotary engine or the piston engine and then driving the steam turbine to achieve higher fuel efficiency. The rotary engine or the piston engine can be independently operated to drive a generator or other equipment, or it can be connected to the steam turbine to further increase the power of the steam turbine. This method is also applicable to jet engines, turbofan engines, etc.

[0070] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-power steam turbine, consisting of a steam turbine and a fuel engine, characterized in that: A heat exchanger is arranged on the casing of the fuel engine, the engine manifold, the outside of the engine cylinder or any part of the engine exhaust outlet to convert the engine waste heat into high-pressure steam; the turbine air inlet is connected to the high-pressure steam outlet of the heat exchanger and the exhaust port of the fuel engine to form a dual-power steam turbine; The high-pressure steam outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the steam turbine air inlet and the turbocharger air inlet at the same time, or is connected to the steam turbine air inlet or the turbocharger air inlet alone; The heat exchanger is composed of a water tank, a heat exchange device and an air storage tank, and the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine through the air storage tank; The heat exchanger is connected to an automatic controller, and pressure, temperature, liquid level, and flow sensors are respectively arranged on the heat exchange device, water tank, and gas storage tank and connected to the automatic controller, and the steam and liquid pressure, temperature, liquid level, and flow of the heat exchange device, water tank, and gas storage tank are controlled by the automatic controller; The heat exchanger is provided with a low-temperature automatic water discharge device or a manual water discharge device; The heat exchanger is arranged outside the exhaust manifold of the fuel engine to absorb the exhaust heat and heat the water inside the heat exchanger to generate high-pressure steam; The high-pressure fuel gas of the fuel engine is input into the exhaust gas inlet of the steam turbine through the exhaust port of the fuel engine, providing primary power for the steam turbine, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas outlet. The heat exchanger is arranged outside the exhaust gas outlet of the steam turbine, and the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas to generate high-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam is input into the steam inlet of the steam turbine through the steam outlet of the heat exchanger, providing secondary power for the steam turbine.

2. The dual-power steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam turbine is independent or coupled to the fuel engine.

3. The dual-power steam turbine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The steam turbine is a turbine structure, an impeller structure, a steam turbine structure, a gas turbine structure, a rotary engine structure, a Roots flowmeter structure, or a pneumatic motor structure.

4. The dual-power steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel engine is a piston engine, a jet engine, a turbofan engine, a turboshaft engine, a gas turbine or a rotary engine.

5. The dual-power steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic controller is also connected to the air inlet of the steam turbine, and controls the air inlet flow and speed of the steam turbine through a pressure signal, a flow signal, a speed signal, or a throttle signal.

6. The dual-power steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam turbine output shaft is connected to one or more of a blower, a compressor, an exhaust fan, an air supercharger, a generator, a water pump, a mining machine, a drilling machine, and a transportation equipment.

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