A kind of electric energy conversion circuit and conversion method based on mechanical vibration

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric energy conversion circuit and conversion method based on mechanical vibration, wherein the vibration beam is placed between positive and negative electrodes, and the direct current or alternating current to be converted is applied to the positive and negative electrodes. The vibration beam generates periodic mechanical vibration under the joint drive of electrostatic force and elastic restoring force, and repeatedly contacts with the positive and negative electrodes alternately during this process, and the root of the vibration beam can output frequency-adjustable alternating current. The present invention uses mechanical components instead of traditional electronic components to perform inversion and frequency modulation processing on electric energy, and its circuit structure is simple, its weight is relatively light, its control strategy is simple, and it is easy to promote and apply, especially for use in micro power electronic equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric energy conversion circuit and a conversion method for converting direct current into alternating current or adjusting the frequency of alternating current, and in particular to an electric energy conversion circuit and a conversion method using mechanical elements and based on mechanical vibration. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the size of micro power electronic devices has become smaller and smaller, and the reduction in size has also made power conversion more and more difficult. Existing power conversion technology mainly provides AC power with a certain frequency and amplitude in two ways. One is to transform the AC power in the transmission network (transformer) and modulate the frequency (inverter) to supply energy to specific equipment; the other is to use an inverter to convert DC power into AC power, and the frequency and amplitude of the converted AC power can be adjusted.

[0003] For micro power electronic devices, the above inverters, transformers, and frequency modulators are complex in structure and heavy in weight, making them difficult to miniaturize, which is a key issue hindering the further development of micro devices. Therefore, it is necessary to study power conversion technology based on new principles to significantly reduce the size and weight of the above power conversion devices. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing power conversion technology and provide a power conversion circuit and conversion method based on mechanical vibration that can meet the AC power supply requirements of micro mobile devices.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a power conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a vibration beam and a fixed plate, wherein one end of the vibration beam is a fixed end, which is fixed on the fixed plate, and the other end of the vibration beam is a free end, which is suspended and placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the fixed end of the vibration beam is connected to a power output port, and direct current or alternating current to be converted is applied to the positive and negative electrodes. The vibration beam generates periodic mechanical vibrations under the joint drive of electrostatic force and elastic restoring force, and repeatedly contacts with the positive and negative electrodes alternately during this process, and the root of the vibration beam can output alternating current with adjustable frequency.

[0006] Furthermore, the input electrical energy is direct current or alternating current.

[0007] Furthermore, when the input electrical energy is direct current or alternating current, the natural frequency of the vibration beam (length, cross-sectional shape, material and other parameters), the amplitude of the input direct current or alternating current voltage and the distance between the positive and negative electrodes are adjustable.

[0008] Furthermore, when the input electric energy is direct current, the electric energy conversion circuit can be used as a direct current-to-alternating current inverter circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, when the input electric energy is alternating current, the electric energy conversion circuit can be used as an AC-AC frequency modulation circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the vibration beams may be one or more.

[0011] Furthermore, the above-mentioned electric energy conversion circuit and conversion method based on mechanical vibration include the following steps:

[0012] (1) inputting direct current or alternating current to be converted into the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that a stable or periodically changing electrostatic field is formed between the positive and negative electrodes;

[0013] (2) Inductive negative / positive charges are generated on the free end surface of the vibration beam. When the voltage reaches a certain value, the vibration beam is subjected to electrostatic force and its free end is adsorbed to the positive / negative electrode. At this time, the free end of the vibration beam has the same potential as the positive / negative electrode.

[0014] (3) After the vibration beam is adsorbed to the positive / negative electrode, charge neutralization occurs. During the charge neutralization process, the electrostatic force gradually decreases. When the elastic restoring force is greater than the electrostatic force, the free end of the vibration beam separates from the positive / negative electrode and deviates toward the negative / positive electrode. At this time, the potential of the free end of the vibration beam is equal to that of the negative / positive electrode.

[0015] (4) The vibration beam will vibrate back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes under the action of electrostatic force and elastic restoring force, generating a periodically changing electric potential;

[0016] (5) The power output port outputs alternating current through the fixed end of the vibration beam.

[0017] Furthermore, when the input electric energy is direct current or alternating current, the frequency of the output alternating current is adjusted by adjusting the natural frequency of the vibration beam (i.e., parameters such as length, cross-sectional shape, and material), the amplitude of the direct current or alternating current voltage, and the distance between the positive and negative electrodes;

[0018] Furthermore, when there are multiple vibration beams with different natural frequencies, they can vibrate simultaneously between a group of positive and negative electrodes, thereby outputting alternating current containing multiple frequency components.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uses mechanical components rather than traditional electronic components to invert and frequency modulate electric energy, has a simple circuit structure, is light in weight, has a simple control strategy, and is easy to promote and apply, especially for use in micro power electronic equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] The present invention is based on the self-excited vibration phenomenon of the vibration beam in the electrostatic field, and utilizes the electrostatic force exerted on the vibration beam in the electrostatic field and its own elastic restoring force to achieve reciprocating vibration, thereby causing the vibration beam to generate a periodically changing electric potential. In other words, the present invention mainly uses mechanical components rather than traditional electronic components to perform inversion and frequency modulation processing on electrical energy.

[0026] See also Figure 1 , a power conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration, comprising a vibration beam 1, a positive electrode 2, a negative electrode 3, a fixed plate 4 and a power output port 5, wherein one end of the vibration beam 1 is a fixed end, which is fixed on the fixed plate 4, and the other end of the vibration beam 1 is a free end, which is suspended between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3, and the fixed end of the vibration beam 1 is connected to the power output port 5.

[0027] According to the principle of self-excited vibration of the vibration beam in the electrostatic field, an electrostatic field is formed by applying the direct current or alternating current to be converted to the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3, thereby generating an electrostatic force. The electrostatic force and the elastic restoring force of the vibration beam 1 are used to drive the vibration beam 1 to collide back and forth between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3, so that the vibration beam 1 carries a periodically changing electric potential.

[0028] Preferably, the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 are made of thin metal sheets or other lightweight materials with conductive materials sprayed on the surface.

[0029] The input electric energy may be direct current or alternating current.

[0030] When the input electrical energy is direct current, the amplitude of the output alternating current is related to the magnitude of the input direct current, and the amplitude of the output alternating current can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the input direct current; the frequency of the output alternating current is consistent with the vibration frequency of the vibration beam 1. The vibration frequency of the vibration beam 1 is related to its own natural frequency (parameters such as length, cross-sectional shape and material), the magnitude of the input direct current, and the distance between the positive and negative electrodes. The greater the natural frequency of the vibration beam 1, the greater the vibration frequency of the vibration beam 1; the greater the input direct current, the greater the vibration frequency of the vibration beam 1; the greater the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the smaller the vibration frequency of the vibration beam 1; therefore, the frequency of the output alternating current can be adjusted by the natural frequency of the vibration beam 1 (parameters such as length, cross-sectional shape and material), the magnitude of the input direct current voltage, and the distance between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3.

[0031] In addition, the size of the input DC affects both the amplitude and frequency of the output AC. The natural frequency of the vibration beam and the electrode spacing only affect the frequency of the output AC. Therefore, when the amplitude of the output AC is expected to be adjustable but the frequency is unchanged, in addition to the size of the input DC, a controllable parameter, such as the electrode spacing, needs to be added. When the frequency of the output AC is expected to be adjustable but the amplitude is unchanged, the input voltage cannot be used as a controllable parameter. Since the input is DC and the output is AC, the power conversion circuit can be used as a DC-AC inverter circuit.

[0032] When the input electric energy is alternating current, the frequency of the output alternating current is related to the vibration frequency of the vibration beam 1. When the vibration beam collides with the positive and negative electrodes, the vibration frequency of the vibration beam 1 is not equal to the frequency of the alternating current, but is similar to that under direct current, and is related to the natural frequency of the vibration beam, the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, and the amplitude of the alternating current. Therefore, by adjusting the above three parameters, the frequency of the output alternating current can be adjusted. Therefore, the electric energy conversion circuit can be used as an AC-AC frequency modulation circuit.

[0033] The mechanical vibration-based power conversion circuit can be as low as 9 mg if it is made of lightweight materials, and has successfully driven piezoelectric ceramics to work. Therefore, the present invention can meet the needs of microelectronic devices for small-size, lightweight AC power supply circuits.

[0034] A conversion method using the above mechanical electric energy conversion circuit comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) applying direct current (alternating current) to the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3, so that a stable or periodically changing electrostatic field is formed between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3;

[0036] (2) Due to electrostatic induction, an induced negative charge is generated on the free end surface of the vibration beam 1. When the voltage reaches a certain value, the vibration beam 1 is subjected to electrostatic force and its free end is adsorbed to the positive electrode 2. At this time, since the vibration beam 1 is in contact with the positive electrode 2 and the resistance of the vibration beam 1 is small and negligible, its fixed end is equipotential with the positive electrode 2.

[0037] (3) After the vibration beam 1 is adsorbed to the positive electrode 2, charge neutralization occurs. During the charge neutralization process, the electrostatic force gradually decreases. When the elastic restoring force of the vibration beam 1 is greater than the electrostatic force, the free end of the vibration beam 1 separates from the positive electrode 2 and deviates toward the negative electrode 3. At this time, since the vibration beam 1 is in contact with the negative electrode 3 and the resistance of the vibration beam 1 is small and negligible, its fixed end is equipotential with the negative electrode 3.

[0038] (4) The vibration beam 1 will vibrate back and forth between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3 under the action of electrostatic force and its own elastic restoring force, generating a periodically changing electric potential;

[0039] (5) When the input electrical energy is direct current or alternating current, the frequency of the output alternating current is adjusted by adjusting the natural frequency of the vibration beam 1 (i.e., parameters such as length, cross-sectional shape, and material), the amplitude of the direct current or alternating current voltage, and the distance between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3.

[0040] (6) An electric energy output port 5 is connected to the root of the vibration beam 1 , and the port can be connected to the fixed end of the vibration beam 1 and the positive electrode 2 , or the fixed end of the vibration beam 1 and the negative electrode 3 .

[0041] (7) When there are multiple vibration beams 1 and their natural frequencies are different, they can vibrate simultaneously between a group of positive electrodes 2 and negative electrodes 3, thereby outputting alternating current containing multiple frequency components. The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration, comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a vibration beam and a fixed plate, wherein: One end of the vibration beam is a fixed end, which is fixed to the fixed plate, and the other end of the vibration beam is a free end, which is suspended and placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the characteristics are: the fixed end of the vibration beam is connected to an electric energy output port, the direct current or alternating current to be converted is applied to the positive and negative electrodes, the vibration beam generates periodic mechanical vibration under the joint drive of electrostatic force and elastic restoring force, and repeatedly contacts with the positive and negative electrodes in this process, generating a periodically changing electric potential, and the root of the vibration beam can output frequency-adjustable alternating current; the preparation materials of the positive and negative electrodes are thin metal sheets or other lightweight materials with conductive materials sprayed on the surface; The number of the vibration beams is one or more, and they can vibrate between a group of positive and negative electrodes at the same time; When there are multiple vibration beams with different natural frequencies, alternating current containing multiple frequency components can be output.

2. The electric energy conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural frequency of the vibration beam, the amplitude of the DC or AC voltage to be converted, and the distance between the positive and negative electrodes are adjustable, and the output frequency is adjustable AC.

3. The electric energy conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input electrical energy to be converted is direct current or alternating current.

4. The electric energy conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the input electric energy is direct current, the electric energy conversion circuit can be used as a direct current-to-alternating current inverter circuit.

5. The electric energy conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the input electric energy is alternating current, the electric energy conversion circuit can be used as an AC-AC frequency modulation circuit.

6. A conversion method of an electric energy conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: (1) inputting direct current or alternating current into the positive electrode and the negative electrode to form a stable or periodically changing electrostatic field between the positive and negative electrodes; (2) Inductive negative / positive charges are generated on the free end surface of the vibration beam. When the voltage reaches a certain value, the vibration beam is subjected to electrostatic force and its free end is adsorbed to the positive / negative electrode. At this time, the free end of the vibration beam has the same potential as the positive / negative electrode. (3) After the vibration beam is adsorbed to the positive / negative electrode, charge neutralization occurs. During the charge neutralization process, the electrostatic force gradually decreases. When the elastic restoring force is greater than the electrostatic force, the free end of the vibration beam separates from the positive / negative electrode and deviates toward the negative / positive electrode. At this time, the free end of the vibration beam has the same potential as the negative / positive electrode. (4) The vibration beam will vibrate back and forth between the positive electrode and the negative electrode under the action of electrostatic force and elastic restoring force, generating a periodically changing electric potential; (5) The power output port outputs alternating current through the fixed end of the vibration beam.

7. The conversion method of the electric energy conversion circuit based on mechanical vibration according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the input electric energy is direct current or alternating current, the frequency of the output alternating current is adjusted by adjusting the natural frequency of the vibration beam, the amplitude of the direct current or alternating current voltage, and the distance between the positive and negative electrodes.

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