A pultrusion die for material compounding

Abstract

A pultrusion die for material compounding comprises a glue injection box, a molding die and one or more core molds, the glue injection box comprises a channel for the core mold to pass through, the channel has a feed port and a discharge port, a guide bar is arranged in the channel, the guide bar extends from one side of the feed port toward the other side of the discharge port, one end of the core mold is supported or fixed by the guide bar, and the other end is placed in the mold cavity of the molding die, the guide bar keeps the distance between the core mold and the inner wall of the molding mold cavity stable; when the fiber passes through, the liquid matrix material in the glue injection box moves forward together with the fiber, and because the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel is gradually reduced, the internal pressure of the liquid matrix material therein rises so that it can quickly penetrate the fiber to form a composite material precursor; the composite material precursor is gathered near the entrance of the molding mold cavity through the two sides of the guide bar into the gap between the core mold and the inner wall of the molding mold cavity to be solidified or shaped into a composite material with a cavity, thereby improving the accuracy of the wall thickness of the composite material cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composite material pultrusion molding, and in particular to a pultrusion die for material composite. Background Art

[0002] Composite materials are materials with obvious phase separation characteristics formed by mixing two or more materials. Their morphology and performance are different from any single material. Their main components are matrix material and reinforcement material, among which fiber is the most commonly used reinforcement material. Usually, composite materials refer to materials in their final form after molding, while materials in the form before final molding after matrix material and reinforcement material are mixed are called composite material precursors. The pultrusion process is to solidify or shape continuous fiber yarns and fabrics soaked in liquid matrix materials through a mold with a uniform cross-sectional cavity under the action of traction, and continuously produce composite materials of unlimited length. In the production of composite materials with cavities, a core mold with the same cross-section as the composite cavity passes through the cavity of the mold, one end of the core mold is fixed outside the cavity of the mold, and the other end is freely suspended in the cavity of the mold. The gap between the core mold and the cavity of the mold determines the wall thickness of the composite cavity. At present, the length of composite pultrusion dies is generally between 600 mm and 1000 mm, among which pultrusion dies with a length of 900 to 1000 mm are widely used.

[0003] In the existing composite material pultrusion molding process, the continuous resin injection method for impregnating fibers is an effective method. It continuously injects resin into the cavity of a specially designed injection box according to the actual demand, so that the fibers passing through the injection box cavity are quickly impregnated and enter the mold cavity connected to the rear section of the injection box for curing or shaping. In many designs, the injection box is designed as a part of the mold entrance to play the same function. The continuous resin injection method has been rapidly used in composite material pultrusion molding, but it is difficult to achieve high wall thickness accuracy when manufacturing pultruded composite material products with cavities. This is because in composite material pultrusion molding, one end of the core mold needs to be freely suspended in the injection box and the mold cavity at the same time, which greatly increases the cantilever length of the core mold and makes it easy to shake or rotate in the mold cavity, thereby causing the gap size between the core mold and the mold cavity to change, and the wall thickness accuracy of the composite cavity is reduced. There is room for improvement in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a pultrusion die for material composite, in which one end of the core mold is supported outside the mold cavity by a support part, so that the other end of the core mold is kept at a stable distance from the inner wall of the mold cavity, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the wall thickness of the composite material after molding.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a pultrusion die for the production of composite materials, comprising a forming die, one or two or more core molds and one or two or more supporting parts for supporting or fixing the core molds, the forming die having a cavity, the cavity having a cavity inlet and a cavity outlet, one end of the core mold being placed in the cavity through the cavity inlet, and the other end being located outside the cavity inlet and supported or fixed by the supporting part, and the cross-section of the supporting part gradually becomes smaller along the fiber running direction.

[0006] The present invention is further configured as follows: the support portion is a guide bar, the length direction of the guide bar is consistent with the length direction of the core mold, and the length is greater than or equal to 10 mm.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: the guide strip is located outside the cavity entrance, and the distance between the end of the guide strip with the smallest cross section and the cavity entrance is 0-200 mm.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the pultrusion die for composite material production is also provided with an auxiliary support device for auxiliary support or fixation of the core mold, and the support portion is provided between the auxiliary support device and the cavity inlet.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the number of the core molds is more than two and spacer bars are provided between the core molds, and the length of the spacer bars is greater than or equal to 10 mm.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the cross section of the spacer strip gradually decreases along the fiber running direction.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that a cross section of a side of the spacer bar close to the cavity entrance is zero or greater than zero.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: the spacer strip and the core mold are connected to each other or manufactured as one piece.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: it also includes a glue injection box, the glue injection box includes a channel, the channel includes a glue injection box feed port and a glue injection box discharge port, there is a distance between the glue injection box discharge port and the cavity entrance, or the glue injection box and the molding mold are interconnected or sealed to each other or manufactured as one piece, the part of the core mold located outside the cavity passes through the channel, and the part of the core mold located outside the cavity passes through the channel.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: a part or all of the guide strip is arranged in the channel

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that: the guide strip is fixed on the channel and / or the core mold, or the guide strip is manufactured integrally with the channel and / or the core mold.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: the guide strip extends continuously from one side of the glue injection box feed port toward one side of the glue injection box discharge port, or the guide strip extends continuously from the glue injection box feed port to the glue injection box discharge port, or extends out of the glue injection box discharge port.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that one or more or all of the guide strips, the core mold, the spacer strips and the channel are provided with flow channel grooves perpendicular to the fiber running direction.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: the area of ​​the glue injection box feed port is S1, the area of ​​the glue injection box discharge port is S2, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the guide bar on one side of the glue injection box feed port is S3, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the guide bar on one side of the glue injection box discharge port is S, and n guide bars (n≥1) are arranged in the channel, satisfying S2-nS≤S1-nS3.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: the area of ​​the feed port of the glue injection box is S1, the area of ​​the discharge port of the glue injection box is S2, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on one side of the feed port of the glue injection box is SJ3, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on one side of the discharge port of the glue injection box is SJ4, m spacer bars are arranged in the channel and m≥1, satisfying S2-mSJ4≤S1-mSJ3.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: n guide bars are arranged in the channel, and n≥1, satisfying S2-mSJ4-nS4≤S1-mSJ3-nS3.

[0021] The present invention is further configured as follows: the glue injection box has a glue injection hole connected to the channel.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material with a cavity, using the pultrusion die for composite material production, comprising the following steps:

[0023] a) placing the core mold in the mold cavity and supporting or fixing it with the guide strips;

[0024] b) impregnating the fiber material with the liquid matrix material to form the composite material precursor, and then pulling the composite material precursor forward through the two sides of the guide strip and converging at the entrance of the cavity to enter the cavity;

[0025] c) solidifying or shaping the composite material precursor into a composite material between the mold cavity and the core mold.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material having a cavity, further comprising:

[0027] Passing the core mold through the glue injection box;

[0028] passing the fibrous material through the passage;

[0029] The liquid matrix material is injected into the channel.

[0030] The present invention also provides a fiber-reinforced composite material with a cavity, which is produced by the above-mentioned manufacturing method.

[0031] The present invention also provides an application of a composite material, wherein the fiber-reinforced composite material with a cavity is used to manufacture frame profiles including doors, windows, and curtain walls.

[0032] In summary, the present invention has the following effects:

[0033] 1. The guide strips set in the injection box greatly reduce the cantilever of the core mold in the mold cavity, so that the core mold can be accurately and stably positioned in the injection box and mold, and it does not interfere with the passing fiber and liquid matrix material, thereby greatly improving the wall thickness accuracy of the composite material after molding;

[0034] 2. The guide strips support the core mold from the inlet to the outlet of the injection box to ensure the position of the core mold in the injection box and the mold;

[0035] 3. The guide strip shrinks smoothly and gradually from the feed port to the discharge port without dead angles, so that the fibers in the injection box can be closely attached to the guide strip and continuously take away the liquid matrix material on the surface of the guide strip, so that the liquid matrix material will not solidify on the inner wall of the channel and the surface of the guide strip;

[0036] 4. The gap between the inner wall of the channel and the guide strips and / or spacer strips, i.e., the injection cavity, continuously shrinks. When the fiber continuously passes through the injection cavity surrounded by the inner wall of the channel, the core mold, the guide strips and / or the spacer strips, the injection cavity gradually shrinks, causing the internal pressure of the liquid matrix material to increase, thereby improving the efficiency of the liquid matrix material penetrating the fiber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the material composite pultrusion die in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pultrusion die in Example 1, which is mainly used to reflect the state when there is a core mold;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pultrusion die in Example 1, which is mainly used to reflect the state when there is no core mold;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the glue injection box in Example 1, which is mainly used to illustrate the structure on one side of the feeding port of the glue injection box;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the glue injection box in Example 1, which is mainly used to illustrate the structure on one side of the discharge port of the glue injection box;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a front view of one side of the feeding port of the glue injection box in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glue injection box in Example 2 when it contains two core molds and a spacer strip;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of the composite material manufacturing method in Example 3.

[0046] In the figure: 1, molding die; 11, cavity; 111, cavity inlet; 112, cavity outlet; 2, glue injection box; 21, channel; 211, glue injection box feed inlet; 212, glue injection box outlet; 22, glue injection port; 3, flange; 4, core mold; 5, guide strip; 6, spacer strip; 7, runner groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, in some embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a pultrusion die for composite material production includes a forming die, a core die and a support portion for supporting or fixing the core die. The forming die has a cavity, and the cavity has a cavity inlet and a cavity outlet. One end of the core die is placed in the cavity through the cavity inlet, and the other end is located outside the cavity inlet and is supported or fixed by the support portion. The cross-section of the support portion gradually decreases along the fiber running direction. In order to reduce the possibility of fibers being worn off by the supporting part during operation, the supporting part is a guide strip, the length direction of the guide strip is consistent with the length direction of the core mold and the length is greater than or equal to 10 mm. Preferably, in this scheme, the guide strip is a wedge-shaped strip with a gradually smaller cross-section along the length direction of the fiber operation. More preferably, the tail end of the guide strip shrinks to zero, which has the effect of supporting or fixing the core mold and gradually reducing the space occupied by the guide strip so that the fiber has enough space to pass through. In order to prevent the fiber from being pinched off by being clamped in the gap between the guide strip and the core mold and / or the channel when advancing in the channel, the guide strip is tightly abutted against the core mold and / or the channel. Preferably, the guide strip is continuously and tightly abutted against the core mold and / or the channel from the starting end to the ending end along the direction of fiber advancement. More preferably, the guide strip is manufactured integrally with the channel. Preferably, the length of the guide strip is greater than or equal to 50 mm. More preferably, the length of the guide strip is greater than or equal to 100mm, most preferably, the length of the guide strip is greater than or equal to 200mm, and the core mold is supported or fixed as long as possible with a guide strip as long as possible to ensure that the distance between the core mold and the inner wall of the cavity is stable and unchanged; the guide strip is located on the outside of the cavity entrance, and the distance from the end of the guide strip with the smallest cross-section to the cavity entrance is 0-200mm, preferably, the distance from the end of the guide strip with the smallest cross-section to the cavity entrance is 0-100mm, and more preferably, the distance from the end of the guide strip with the smallest cross-section to the cavity entrance is 0-50mm, which has the effect of making the guide strip as close to the cavity entrance as possible, making the cantilever distance of the core mold in the cavity as small as possible, and ensuring the stability of the gap between the core mold and the inner wall of the cavity; in the actual production process, in order to increase the stability of the longer core mold, an auxiliary support device for auxiliary support or fixation of the core mold is also provided, and a support portion is usually provided between the auxiliary support device and the cavity entrance.

[0050] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a glue injection box is provided at one side of the cavity entrance, the glue injection box includes a channel, the channel includes a glue injection box feed port and a glue injection box discharge port, the glue injection box has a glue injection hole connected to the channel, and the liquid matrix material enters the channel through the glue injection hole. In actual production, there is a distance between the glue injection box discharge port and the cavity entrance, or the glue injection box discharge port is correspondingly connected to the cavity entrance. A part or all of the guide bar is provided in the channel; the guide bar is fixed on the channel and / or the core mold. In actual production, the part of the core mold located outside the cavity passes through the above-mentioned channel. The guide strip extends continuously from one side of the glue injection box feed port toward one side of the glue injection box discharge port, or the guide strip extends continuously from the glue injection box feed port to the glue injection box discharge port, or extends out of the glue injection box discharge port. Preferably, the starting end of the guide strip is 0 to 100 mm away from the glue injection box feed port, more preferably, 0 to 50 mm, and most preferably, 0 to 10 mm. The effect is that the guide strip separates the fibers where the channel space is the largest. Since the fibers are not compressed by the channel when passing through here, they are not easily worn off by the starting end of the guide strip.

[0051] Combination Figure 6 As shown, the area of ​​the injection box feed port is S1, the area of ​​the injection box discharge port is S2, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the guide bar on the injection box feed port side is S3, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the guide bar on the injection box discharge port side is S4, and n guide bars (n≥1) are arranged in the channel, satisfying S2-nS4≤S1-nS3.

[0052] In this solution, the glue injection box and the forming mold are sealed and connected to each other or manufactured as one piece; the guide strip and the channel inside the glue injection box are connected to each other or manufactured as one piece.

[0053] Specific implementation process:

[0054] When the length of the glue injection box is 200-400 mm and is sealed to the molding die, the guide strip is wedge-shaped with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the fiber advancing direction and is the same length as the glue injection box. Preferably, the guide strip starts at the feed port of the glue injection box. More preferably, the guide strip shrinks to zero in cross section at the discharge port of the glue injection box. Further preferably, the guide strip is integrally manufactured with the channel of the glue injection box, and the core mold runs through the channel of the glue injection box and the cavity of the molding die. The core mold starts outside the feed port of the glue injection box and ends at the cavity outlet of the molding die. The cross-section of the core mold is constant. In actual production, the cross-sectional area of ​​the starting end of the core mold is smaller than that of other parts, and is locked by a locking mechanism to prevent the core mold from being pulled into the cavity of the molding die during the pultrusion process. When the pultrusion process needs to be stopped, the locking mechanism is opened so that the core mold can enter the cavity of the molding die together with the fiber and finally be pulled out for cleaning. In this case, the core mold is tightly abutted from top to bottom and left to right by four guide strips, so that it is fixed in the channel of the injection box. Since the guide strips are the same length as the injection box, the core mold can be firmly fixed without additional auxiliary support. Since the guide strips are retracted to the outlet of the injection box, the smallest distance from the smallest point to the cavity entrance of the molding mold is only 0 to 20 mm, so the cantilever of the core mold hanging in the cavity is the smallest, so it is fixed most stably, and the probability of the core mold shaking in the cavity of the molding mold is the lowest. Since the guide strips are tightly abutted against the core mold and the channel, the fiber will not be clamped in the gap between the guide strips, the core mold and the channel when advancing in the channel, so it will not be Pinch off, and at the same time, the length direction of the guide strip is consistent with the direction of fiber advancement. The fiber advances along the side wall of the guide strip and will not be worn off by the guide strip to block the entrance of the molding model cavity. In this case, the cross-street area of ​​the feed port is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port, the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide strip is large at the starting end, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the ending end is zero. The difference between the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed port minus the cross-sectional area of ​​the four guide strips is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port minus the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide strips. Therefore, the fiber advances in a gradually shrinking channel, which makes the internal pressure of the liquid matrix material in the channel larger and larger, quickly permeating the fiber and discharging the bubbles toward the feed port.

[0055] In other embodiments, based on the above embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, there are more than two core molds, and spacer bars are arranged between the core molds. In this scheme, the spacer bars are wedge-shaped with a gradually smaller cross-section along the length direction of the fiber running. The effect is that it can not only support or fix the core mold, but also gradually reduce the space occupied by the spacer bars, so that the fiber has enough space to pass through.

[0056] The length of the spacer bar is greater than or equal to 10 mm, preferably, the length of the spacer bar is greater than or equal to 50 mm, more preferably, the length of the spacer bar is greater than or equal to 100 mm, and most preferably, the length of the spacer bar is greater than or equal to 200 mm. Use spacer bars that are as long as possible to provide as much support or fixation as possible to the core mold to ensure that the spacing between the core molds remains stable.

[0057] In order to reduce the resistance of the spacer bar to the forward movement of the fiber, the cross-section of the spacer bar gradually decreases along the direction of fiber movement, and the cross-section of the spacer bar on the side close to the cavity entrance is zero or greater than zero. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on the side close to the cavity entrance is 0 to 1 / 2 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the starting end of the spacer bar, more preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on the side close to the cavity entrance is 0 to 1 / 4 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the starting end of the spacer bar, and more preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on the side close to the cavity entrance is 0 to 1 / 10 of the cross-sectional area of ​​the starting end of the spacer bar.

[0058] In order to prevent the fiber from being pinched off by the gap between the spacer bar and the core mold when advancing in the channel, the spacer bar is in close contact with the core mold. Preferably, the spacer bar is in continuous and close contact with the core mold from the starting end to the ending end along the direction of fiber advancement. More preferably, the spacer bar and the core mold are interconnected or manufactured as one piece.

[0059] Combination Figure 7 As shown, in the present embodiment, one or more or all of the guide strips, core molds, spacer strips, and channels are provided with flow grooves perpendicular to the fiber running direction. The flow grooves connect the channels separated by the guide strips or spacer strips, so that the liquid matrix material can flow smoothly and be evenly distributed in the channels. The flow grooves arranged on the core mold and the inner wall of the channel can assist in evenly distributing the liquid matrix material around the cross section of the channel or core mold, so that all fibers passing through the channel can be soaked.

[0060] In this scheme, the area of ​​the feed port of the glue injection box is S1, the area of ​​the discharge port of the glue injection box is S2, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on the side of the feed port of the glue injection box is SJ3, and the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on the side of the discharge port of the glue injection box is SJ4. There are m spacer bars in the channel and m≥1, satisfying S2-mSJ4≤S1-mSJ3; when there are n guide bars in the channel and n≥1, S2-mSJ4-nS4≤S1-mSJ3-nS3 is satisfied, so that the liquid matrix material can be driven forward together with the fiber during its advancement, and the space through the channel gradually becomes smaller, so that the internal pressure of the liquid matrix material becomes higher and higher, thereby penetrating the fiber and discharging tiny bubbles from the feed port of the glue injection box.

[0061] Specific implementation process:

[0062] The cross-sectional area of ​​the starting end of the core mold is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​other parts and is locked by a locking mechanism to prevent the core mold from being pulled into the cavity of the molding mold during the pultrusion process. When the pultrusion process needs to be stopped, the locking mechanism is opened so that the core mold can enter the cavity of the molding mold together with the fiber and finally be pulled out for cleaning. In this case, there are two core molds, with a spacer bar between the core molds, which is manufactured integrally with the core molds. The spacer bar ensures that the distance between the core molds remains unchanged; the core mold is tightly abutted from top to bottom, left to right by six guide bars, so that it is fixed in the channel of the injection box; the spacer bar is a wedge-shaped cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the fiber forward direction, is the same length as the injection box, starts at the feed port of the injection box, and shrinks to zero at the discharge port of the injection box. The spacer bar starts outside the feed port of the injection box and ends at the cavity outlet of the molding mold. Since the spacer bar is 200 to 400 mm long and shrinks to the discharge port of the injection box, its smallest point is only 0 to 20 mm away from the cavity entrance of the molding mold, so the cantilever of the core mold hanging in the cavity is the smallest, and the probability of the core mold shaking in the cavity of the molding mold is the lowest, so the distance between the core molds is fixed most stably; since the spacer bar is manufactured integrally with the core mold, When the fiber moves forward in the channel, it will not be clamped in the gap between the spacer bar and the core mold, so it will not be pinched off. At the same time, the length direction of the spacer bar is consistent with the direction of fiber movement. The fiber moves along the side wall of the spacer bar and will not be worn off by the spacer bar to block the entrance of the molding model cavity. In this case, the cross-street area of ​​the feed port is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port, the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide bar is large at the starting end and zero at the ending end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar is large at the starting end and zero at the ending end, the cross-sectional area of ​​the feed port minus the cross-sectional area of ​​the 6 guide bars and the cross-sectional area of ​​the starting end of the spacer bar is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port minus the cross-sectional area of ​​all guide bars and the cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar. Therefore, the fiber moves forward in a gradually shrinking channel, causing the internal pressure of the liquid matrix material in the channel to increase, quickly permeating the fiber and discharging the bubbles toward the feed port.

[0063] The inner wall of the channel, the core mold, the guide strips and the spacer strips are all provided with flow channel grooves perpendicular to the fiber advancing direction, forming an annular flow channel groove perpendicular to the fiber advancing direction, so that the liquid matrix material injected into the channel can be rapidly distributed in an annular direction along the flow channel groove, so that the liquid matrix material can evenly infiltrate the fibers.

[0064] The fiber-reinforced composite material with a cavity can be manufactured by the following method: Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the pultrusion die for composite material production described above includes the following steps:

[0065] a) placing the core mold in the mold cavity and supporting or fixing it with guide strips;

[0066] b) impregnating the fiber with a liquid matrix material to form a composite material precursor, and then pulling the fiber forward through both sides of the guide strip and converging at the entrance of the cavity to enter the cavity;

[0067] c) solidifying or shaping the composite material precursor into a composite material between the cavity and the core mold.

[0068] Further includes:

[0069] a) Pass the core mold through the injection box;

[0070] b) passing the fiber material through the channel;

[0071] c) Injecting liquid matrix material into the channel.

[0072] The wall thickness accuracy of the composite material cavity produced by this method can be greatly improved to within 0.2 mm, while reducing the wear of the core mold support on the fiber and improving the positioning accuracy of the fiber, thereby greatly improving the production quality of composite material pultrusion and reducing the risk of fiber wear and mold blockage and shutdown. Specific implementation method:

[0074] When the liquid matrix material is polyurethane resin and the fiber is glass fiber, a heating device is provided on the molding die. The polyurethane resin permeates the glass fiber in the injection box to form a composite material precursor. The composite material precursor enters the cavity of the heated molding die. The polyurethane resin reacts and solidifies in the molding die to make the composite material precursor become a composite material. The composite material is continuously pulled out of the molding die.

[0075] When the liquid matrix material is a molten thermoplastic polymer and the fiber is a glass fiber, a cooling and shaping device is provided at the outlet of the molding die. The thermoplastic polymer permeates the glass fiber in the injection box to form a composite material precursor. The composite material precursor enters the heated cavity of the molding die. The thermoplastic polymer is cooled and shaped at the outlet of the molding die to make the composite material precursor become a composite material. The composite material is continuously pulled out of the molding die.

[0076] When the liquid matrix material is molten aluminum alloy and the fiber is glass fiber, a cooling and shaping device is provided at the outlet of the molding die. The aluminum alloy permeates the glass fiber in the injection box to form a composite material precursor. The composite material precursor enters the cavity of the heated molding die. The thermoplastic polymer is cooled and shaped at the outlet of the molding die to make the composite material precursor become a composite material. The composite material is continuously pulled out of the molding die.

[0077] A fiber-reinforced composite material with a cavity can be produced by using the aforementioned manufacturing method of the present invention, or by using any of the aforementioned pultrusion dies for composite material production. This fiber-reinforced composite material with a cavity can be applied to the manufacture of frame profiles including doors, windows, and curtain walls. This implementation case lists an example of applying a composite material with a cavity as a frame material to doors, windows, and curtain walls. The composite material is made of 15-25% by weight of polyurethane resin and 75-85% of glass fiber using the process of the present invention, with 1-4 cavities, a wall thickness of 1.5-3.5 mm, and a wall thickness accuracy that can be controlled within ±0.2 mm. The composite material frame profile obtained has the same stiffness as the aluminum alloy frame profile with the same cross-section, but the heat transfer coefficient is only 1 / 700 of the latter, and the elastic deformation range is 5 times that of the latter. The doors, windows, and curtain walls manufactured by cutting and assembling the composite material together with door panels, glass, and sealing materials have sound insulation, heat insulation, wind pressure resistance, and water seepage resistance performance far exceeding the corresponding products made of existing materials.

[0078] It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pultrusion die for composite material production, characterized in that: It comprises a forming mold, one or two or more core molds and one or two or more supporting parts for supporting or fixing the core molds, the forming mold has a cavity, the cavity has a cavity inlet and a cavity outlet, one end of the core mold is placed in the cavity through the cavity inlet, and the other end is located outside the cavity inlet and supported or fixed by the supporting part, and the cross section of the supporting part gradually decreases along the fiber running direction; The support portion is a guide bar, the length direction of the guide bar is consistent with the length direction of the core mold, and the length is greater than or equal to 10 mm; It also includes a glue injection box, the glue injection box includes a channel, the channel includes a glue injection box feed port and a glue injection box discharge port, there is a distance between the glue injection box discharge port and the cavity entrance, or the glue injection box and the molding die are connected to each other or sealed to each other or manufactured as one, and the part of the core mold located outside the cavity passes through the channel; A part or the whole of the guide bar is arranged in the channel.

2. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide strip is located outside the cavity entrance, the end of the guide strip with the smallest cross section is 0-300 mm away from the cavity entrance, and the cross section of the end of the guide strip with the smallest cross section is zero or greater than zero.

3. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary supporting device for auxiliary support or fixation of the core mold is also provided, and the supporting portion is provided between the auxiliary supporting device and the cavity entrance.

4. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are more than two core molds and spacer bars are arranged between the core molds, and the length of the spacer bars is greater than or equal to 10 mm.

5. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the spacer strips gradually decreases along the fiber running direction.

6. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the spacer bar at one side close to the cavity entrance is zero or greater than zero.

7. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The spacer strip and the core mold are connected to each other or manufactured in one piece.

8. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide strip is fixed on the channel and / or the core mold, or the guide strip is manufactured integrally with the channel and / or the core mold.

9. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The guide strip extends continuously from one side of the glue injection box feed inlet toward one side of the glue injection box discharge outlet, or the guide strip extends continuously from the glue injection box feed inlet to the glue injection box discharge outlet, or extends out of the glue injection box discharge outlet.

10. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 7, characterized in that: One or more or all of the guide strips, the core mold, the spacer strips and the channels are provided with flow channel grooves perpendicular to the running direction of the fibers.

11. A pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the glue injection box feed port is S1, the area of ​​the glue injection box discharge port is S2, the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the guide bar on the side of the glue injection box feed port is S3, and the outer cross-sectional area of ​​the guide bar on the side of the glue injection box discharge port is S. n guide bars are arranged in the channel, and n≥1, satisfying S2-nS≤S1-nS3.

12. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The area of ​​the injection box feed port is S1, the area of ​​the injection box discharge port is S2, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on the side of the injection box feed port is SJ3, the cross-sectional area of ​​the spacer bar on the side of the injection box discharge port is SJ4, m spacer bars are arranged in the channel and m≥1, satisfying S2-mSJ4≤S1-mSJ3.

13. The pultrusion die for composite material production according to claim 12, characterized in that: N guide bars are arranged in the channel, and n≥1, satisfying S2-mSJ4-nS4≤S1-mSJ3-nS3.

14. A method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material having a cavity, characterized in that: The pultrusion die for composite material production according to any one of claims 1 to 13 comprises the following steps: a) placing the core mold in the mold cavity and supporting or fixing it with the guide strips; b) impregnating the fiber material with a liquid matrix material to form a composite material precursor, and then pulling the composite material precursor forward through the two sides of the guide strip and converging at the entrance of the cavity to enter the cavity; c) solidifying or shaping the composite material precursor into a composite material between the mold cavity and the core mold.

15. The method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced composite material having a cavity according to claim 14, characterized in that: Also includes: a) passing the core mold through the glue injection box; b) passing the fiber material through the channel; c) injecting the liquid matrix material into the channel.

16. A fiber-reinforced composite material having a cavity, characterized in that: The method is used for manufacturing as claimed in claim 14 or 15; or the pultrusion die for composite material production is used for manufacturing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

17. An application of a composite material, characterized in that: The fiber-reinforced composite material with a cavity as claimed in claim 16 is used to manufacture frame profiles including doors, windows, and curtain walls.

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