Locking devices and railway freight cars

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of railway transportation technology, and in particular to a locking device and a railway freight car. The locking device comprises: a support; two locking arms, which are rotatably connected to the two sides of the support, and two opposite locking holes are provided on the two locking arms, and the two locking arms can be relatively opened or closed; a driving block, which is fixed on the telescopic part of the driving mechanism, and the driving block can drive the two locking arms to open under the drive of the telescopic part; a reset member, which is used to provide the two locking arms with an elastic restoring force to close the two locking arms; and a locking pin, which is arranged on the telescopic part, and the locking pin can slide a preset distance relative to the telescopic part along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part, and the locking pin is used to connect with the driving lever, and when the telescopic part retracts, the two ends of the locking pin can be respectively inserted into the two locking holes. By arranging the locking arm and the locking pin on the driving mechanism, when the locking pin is inserted into the locking hole on the locking arm, the locking arm and the locking pin can be relatively locked, so that the driving lever is locked relative to the cargo compartment, and the top cover is ensured to be reliably closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway transportation, and in particular to a locking device and a railway freight car. Background Art

[0002] Railway freight cars are mainly composed of cargo compartments, bogies for supporting cargo compartments, connecting buffer devices installed at both ends of the cargo compartments, and brake devices installed at the bottom of the cargo compartments. As cargo compartments for loading goods, they can adopt a bottom-opening door structure to achieve rapid unloading. The cargo compartments can also adopt a top-opening door structure, that is, a movable top cover is installed on the top of the cargo compartment. The top cover can be opened to quickly load and unload goods, and the top cover can be closed to prevent damage to the goods caused by rain, snow, sand and dust during transportation, as well as to prevent the goods from spilling and raising dust.

[0003] At present, the opening and closing of the movable top cover is realized by the air duct control system controlling the driving mechanism, which is then driven by the driving mechanism. However, when the movable top cover is closed, a special locking structure needs to be set between the movable top cover and the cargo compartment to ensure the reliable closure of the top cover and prevent the top cover from vibrating during transportation by railway freight cars. At present, railway freight cars lock the top cover by setting a special locking structure, which has a complex structure and requires manual operation, which reduces the freight efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a locking device and a railway freight car to address the problem that the current top cover locking structure is complicated and requires manual operation.

[0005] A locking device, comprising:

[0006] A support, used for fixing on a fixed part of the driving mechanism;

[0007] Two locking arms are rotatably connected to two sides of the support, and two opposite locking holes are provided on the two locking arms. The two locking arms can be relatively opened or closed;

[0008] A driving block is fixed on the telescopic part of the driving mechanism, and the driving block can drive the two locking arms to open under the drive of the telescopic part;

[0009] A restoring member, used for providing an elastic restoring force to the two locking arms so as to close the two locking arms; and

[0010] The locking pin is arranged on the telescopic part, and the locking pin can slide a preset distance relative to the telescopic part along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part. The locking pin is used to connect with the driving lever. When the telescopic part retracts, the telescopic part drives the driving block to open the two locking arms, and the locking pin enters between the two locking arms. The two locking arms close under the elastic recovery force of the reset member so that the two ends of the locking pin are respectively inserted into the two locking holes. When the telescopic part is extended, the telescopic part drives the driving block to move, and the locking pin slides relative to the telescopic part. The driving block drives the two locking arms to open, and the two ends of the locking pin are disengaged from the two locking holes.

[0011] In one embodiment, the telescopic portion is provided with an elongated hole extending along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion, the locking pin is slidably arranged in the elongated hole, and the elongated hole is used to limit the sliding distance of the locking pin relative to the telescopic portion.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the two locking arms are respectively provided with a first side wall and a second side wall for cooperating with the driving block, and the first side wall and the second side wall form a slide groove relative to each other, and the slide groove has a shape that is narrow in the middle and wide at both ends along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part. When the telescopic part retracts, the driving block slides from the wide end of the slide groove to the narrow end, so that the two locking arms are opened, and the driving block continues to slide so that the two locking arms are closed under the elastic recovery force of the reset member, and the two ends of the locking pin are respectively inserted into the two lock holes.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first side wall and the second side wall each include a straight section and two inclined sections along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion, the straight section is located between the two inclined sections, and the width of the portion of the slide groove corresponding to the straight section is smaller than the width of the portion of the slide groove corresponding to the inclined section.

[0014] In one embodiment, the driving block has a first end wall and a second end wall respectively matched with the first side wall and the second side wall, and the shape of the driving block between the first end wall and the second end wall is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the locking device further comprises a positioning structure, which is arranged on the support, and the positioning structure is used to cooperate with the two locking arms to limit the relative position of the two locking arms when they are closed.

[0016] In one embodiment, the positioning structure includes two positioning blocks, and the two positioning blocks are respectively corresponding to two locking arms arranged on the support. When the two ends of the locking pin are respectively inserted into the two locking holes, the two locking arms are respectively abutted against the corresponding positioning blocks.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the locking device further comprises two hinge shafts, each hinge shaft is respectively inserted into the shaft hole of the support and the shaft hole of each locking arm, and the locking arm is rotatably connected to the support via the hinge shaft.

[0018] In one embodiment, the reset member includes a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the hinge shaft. The two torsion arms of the torsion spring are respectively abutted against the locking arm and the support. When the two locking arms are opened, the torsion spring undergoes rotational deformation. When the two locking arms are closed, the torsion spring returns to its initial installation state.

[0019] A railway freight car comprises a cargo compartment and a roof, and a driving mechanism. The roof can be opened and closed on the top of the cargo compartment. The driving mechanism is arranged on the cargo compartment. The driving mechanism is connected to the roof through a driving lever to drive the roof to open or close. The driving mechanism is connected to the driving lever through a locking device described in any of the above schemes. When the roof is closed, the two ends of the locking pin are respectively inserted into two locking holes.

[0020] In one embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a cylinder, the cylinder body is the fixed part, the cylinder piston is the telescopic part, the cylinder body is installed on the cargo compartment, the support is fixed on the cylinder body, the driving block is fixed on the cylinder piston, and the locking pin is arranged on the cylinder piston.

[0021] In one embodiment, the driving lever is V-shaped, the middle portion of the driving lever is rotatably mounted on the cargo compartment, one end of the driving lever is connected to the locking pin, and the other end of the driving lever is connected to the top cover.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the railway freight car further comprises a driven lever, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the freight car, and the other end of which is connected to the top cover.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0024] By arranging a locking arm and a locking pin on the driving mechanism, when the locking pin is inserted into the locking hole on the locking arm, the locking arm and the locking pin can be relatively locked, so that the driving lever can be locked relative to the cargo compartment, ensuring the reliable closure of the top cover, and preventing the driving lever from moving under the action of other external forces and causing the top cover to be opened by mistake. The locking device can lock and unlock the driving lever by the self-driving of the driving mechanism, has a simple structure, does not require manual operation, and can greatly improve freight efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application of a locking device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the driving mechanism and the locking device in the structure shown;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A is a partial enlarged view of the structure shown;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure shown;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a railway train provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6for Figure 5 End view of the structure shown with the top cover closed.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 10-locking device; 20-cargo compartment;

[0033] 30-top cover; 301-first frame; 302-second frame;

[0034] 100-support; 110-articulated shaft;

[0035] 200-arm lock;

[0036] 210-keyhole;

[0037] 220-first side wall; 230-second side wall;

[0038] 300- driver block;

[0039] 310-first end wall; 320-second end wall;

[0040] 400-reset part;

[0041] 500-lock pin;

[0042] 600-driving mechanism;

[0043] 610-fixed part;

[0044] 620- telescopic portion; 621- elongated hole;

[0045] 700 - driving lever;

[0046] 800-positioning block;

[0047] 900 - Follower lever. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the locking device and railway freight car of the present invention are further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] The serial numbers of the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0050] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0051] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a locking device 10 provided in one embodiment of the present invention is applied between a driving mechanism 600 and a movable top cover 30 of a railway freight car. The driving mechanism 600 is installed on the cargo compartment 20, and the driving mechanism 600 has a fixed portion 610 and a telescopic portion 620, and the telescopic portion 620 can perform telescopic movement relative to the fixed portion 610. The locking device 10 is installed between the driving mechanism 600 and a driving lever 700 for connecting the top cover 30. When the telescopic portion 620 retracts, the locking device 10 can be used to lock the driving lever 700 relative to the driving mechanism 600, thereby ensuring the reliable closure of the top cover 30. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the locking device 10 can also be applied between other door bodies that utilize telescopic drive and their telescopic driving mechanisms.

[0052] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As an practicable manner, the locking device 10 includes a support 100 and two locking arms 200, as well as a driving block 300, a reset member 400 and a locking pin 500. The support 100 is used to be fixed on the fixed portion 610 of the driving mechanism 600. The two locking arms 200 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the support 100, and two opposite locking holes 210 are provided on the two locking arms 200, and the two locking arms 200 can be relatively opened or closed. The driving block 300 is fixed on the telescopic portion 620 of the driving mechanism 600, and the driving block 300 can drive the two locking arms 200 to open under the drive of the telescopic portion 620. The reset member 400 is used to provide the two locking arms 200 with an elastic restoring force to close the two locking arms 200. The locking pin 500 is arranged on the telescopic portion 620, and the locking pin 500 can slide a preset distance relative to the telescopic portion 620 along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion 620, and the locking pin 500 is used to be connected to the driving lever 700. When the telescopic part 620 retracts, the telescopic part 620 drives the driving block 300 to open the two locking arms 200, and the locking pin 500 enters between the two locking arms 200. The two locking arms 200 close under the elastic recovery force of the reset member 400 so that the two ends of the locking pin 500 are respectively inserted into the two locking holes 210. When the telescopic part 620 extends, the telescopic part 620 drives the driving block 300 to move, and at the same time, the locking pin 500 slides relative to the telescopic part 620. The driving block 300 drives the two locking arms 200 to open, and the two ends of the locking pin 500 disengage from the two locking holes 210.

[0053] By arranging the locking arm 200 and the locking pin 500 on the driving mechanism 600, when the locking pin 500 is inserted into the locking hole 210 on the locking arm 200, the locking arm 200 and the locking pin 500 can be relatively locked, so that the driving lever 700 can be locked relative to the cargo compartment 20, ensuring the reliable closing of the top cover 30, and avoiding the phenomenon that the driving lever 700 moves under the action of other external forces and causes the top cover 30 to be opened by mistake. When the top cover 30 is opened, the telescopic part 620 extends out, and since the locking pin 500 can slide a certain distance relative to the telescopic part 620, the locking pin 500 does not move relative to the two locking arms 200 along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part 620 for a period of time, and the driving block 300 can drive the two locking arms 200 to open under the drive of the telescopic part 620, so that the two ends of the locking pin 500 can smoothly escape from the two locking holes 210, and then the telescopic part 620 can drive the locking pin 500 to move together, thereby driving the driving lever 700 to open the top cover 30.

[0054] See also Figures 2 to 4As shown, in one embodiment, the telescopic portion 620 is provided with an elongated hole 621 extending along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion 620, and the locking pin 500 is slidably arranged in the elongated hole 621, and the elongated hole 621 is used to limit the sliding distance of the locking pin 500 relative to the telescopic portion 620. The locking pin 500 is movably arranged on the telescopic portion 620, for example, the locking pin 500 can slide a certain distance relative to the telescopic portion 620 in the elongated hole 621, so that it is convenient for the driving block 300 to drive the two locking arms 200 to open, ensuring that the locking pin 500 is smoothly disengaged from the two locking holes 210, and avoiding the phenomenon that the two locking arms 200 are stuck due to the telescopic portion 620 driving the driving block 300 and the locking pin 500 to move relative to the two locking arms 200 at the same time.

[0055] There are many ways for the driving block 300 to drive the two locking arms 200 to open. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As an implementable method, the two locking arms 200 are respectively provided with a first side wall 220 and a second side wall 230 for cooperating with the driving block 300. The first side wall 220 and the second side wall 230 are opposite to form a slide groove, and the slide groove has a shape of being narrow in the middle and wide at both ends along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion 620. When the telescopic portion 620 retracts, the driving block 300 slides from the wide part of the slide groove to the narrow part, so that the two locking arms 200 are opened. The driving block 300 continues to slide so that the two locking arms 200 are closed under the elastic restoring force of the reset member 400, and the two ends of the lock pin 500 are respectively inserted into the two lock holes 210. Through the cooperation of the slide groove formed between the two locking arms 200 and the driving block 300, the structure is simple, and it is easy to realize the movement of the driving block 300 to open the two locking arms 200, so as to complete the locking and unlocking of the lock pin 500.

[0056] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the first side wall 220 and the second side wall 230 respectively include a straight section and two inclined sections along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion 620, the straight section is located between the two inclined sections, and the width of the portion of the slide corresponding to the straight section is smaller than the width of the portion of the slide corresponding to the inclined section. In this embodiment, the first side wall 220 and the second side wall 230 are both connected by three planes arranged at an angle, and the first side wall 220 and the second side wall 230 relatively form a slide that is narrow in the middle and wide at both ends. In other embodiments, the first side wall 220 can also be a convex arc-shaped surface protruding toward the second side wall 230, and the second side wall 230 can be a convex arc-shaped surface protruding toward the first side wall 220.

[0057] In one embodiment, the driving block 300 has a first end wall 310 and a second end wall 320 respectively matched with the first side wall 220 and the second side wall 230, and the shape of the driving block 300 between the first end wall 310 and the second end wall 320 is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion 620. For example, Figure 3As shown, the first end wall 310 and the second end wall 320 may also include two inclined surfaces parallel to the aforementioned inclined sections and a straight surface corresponding to the aforementioned straight sections along the direction of the telescopic portion 620. The straight surface is located between the two inclined surfaces, and the width of the portion of the driving block 300 corresponding to the straight surface is greater than the width of the portion of the driving block 300 corresponding to the two inclined surfaces, thereby forming a driving block 300 that is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends along the telescopic direction of the telescopic portion 620. In other embodiments, the first end wall 310 may also be a convex arc-shaped surface convex toward the side away from the second end wall 320, and the second end wall 320 may be a convex arc-shaped surface convex toward the side away from the first end wall 310.

[0058] The two locking arms 200 can be rotatably connected to the support 100 in various structures. Figure 2 As an implementable manner, the locking device 10 further includes two hinge shafts 110, each hinge shaft 110 is respectively provided in the shaft hole of the support 100 and the shaft hole of each locking arm 200, and the locking arm 200 is rotatably connected to the support 100 through the hinge shaft 110. Through the shaft holes respectively provided in the support 100 and the locking arm 200 and the hinge shaft 110 provided in the shaft holes, the rotatable connection of the locking arm 200 relative to the support 100 is reliably achieved. In other embodiments, the rotatable connection between the locking arm 200 and the support 100 can be achieved through hinges.

[0059] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment, the reset member 400 includes a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the hinge shaft 110, and the two torsion arms of the torsion spring are respectively abutted against the locking arm 200 and the support 100. When the two locking arms 200 are opened, the torsion spring is rotationally deformed, and when the two locking arms 200 are closed, the torsion spring returns to the initial installation state. In other embodiments, the reset member 400 can also be a coil spring or an elastic rope. The two ends of the coil spring or the elastic rope are respectively connected to the two locking arms 200. When the two locking arms 200 are opened, the coil spring or the elastic rope is tensilely deformed, and when the two locking arms 200 are closed, the coil spring or the elastic rope returns to the initial installation state. Alternatively, there can be two coil springs or elastic ropes, each of which is connected between a locking arm 200 and the support 100.

[0060] As an practicable manner, the locking device 10 further includes a positioning structure disposed on the support 100. The positioning structure is used to cooperate with the two locking arms 200 to define the relative position of the two locking arms 200 when they are closed. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the positioning structure includes two positioning blocks 800, and the two positioning blocks 800 are respectively arranged on the support 100 corresponding to the two locking arms 200. When the two ends of the locking pin 500 are respectively inserted into the two locking holes 210, the two locking arms 200 are respectively abutted against the corresponding positioning blocks 800. The two locking arms 200 are respectively abutted against the corresponding positioning blocks 800, so that the two locking arms 200 are positioned at the current relative position. At this time, the relative position of the two locking arms 200 is also the minimum position that the two locking arms 200 can close. Figure 3 As shown, the minimum position at which the two locking arms 200 can be closed is when the bodies of the two locking arms 200 are parallel to each other. This closed position can reduce the driving force for driving the two locking arms 200 to open to a certain extent, and avoid the driving mechanism 600 consuming a large amount of power to unlock the lock pin 500.

[0061] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 An embodiment of the present invention further provides a railway freight car, comprising a cargo compartment 20, a top cover 30, and a driving mechanism 600. The top cover 30 is openably and closably arranged on the top of the cargo compartment 20, and the driving mechanism 600 is arranged on the cargo compartment 20. The driving mechanism 600 is connected to the top cover 30 through a driving lever 700 to drive the top cover 30 to open or close. The driving mechanism 600 is connected to the driving lever 700 through the locking device 10 described in any of the above schemes. When the top cover 30 is closed, the two ends of the locking pin 500 are respectively inserted into the two locking holes 210.

[0062] Combination Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the driving mechanism 600 includes a cylinder, the cylinder body of the cylinder is the fixed part 610, and the piston of the cylinder is the telescopic part 620. The cylinder body of the cylinder is installed on the cargo compartment 20, the support 100 is fixed on the cylinder body of the cylinder, the driving block 300 is fixed on the piston of the cylinder, and the locking pin 500 is arranged on the piston of the cylinder. In other embodiments, the driving mechanism 600 can also be a telescopic driving structure such as a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0063] See also Figure 6 In one embodiment, the driving lever 700 is V-shaped, the middle part of the driving lever 700 is rotatably mounted on the cargo compartment 20, one end of the driving lever 700 is connected to the lock pin 500, and the other end of the driving lever 700 is connected to the top cover 30. Exemplarily, a lever bracket is provided on the end side wall of the cargo compartment 20 corresponding to the driving lever 700, and the middle part of the driving lever 700 is rotatably connected to the lever bracket through a pin. A lever support 100 is provided on the top cover 30, and one end of the driving lever 700 away from the lock pin 500 is rotatably connected to the lever support 100. The driving lever 700 is driven to rotate around the pin of the lever bracket through the action of the cylinder, so that the driving lever 700 drives the top cover 30 to move relative to the cargo compartment 20, thereby realizing the opening or closing of the top cover 30.

[0064] Furthermore, the railway freight car further includes a driven lever 900, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the cargo compartment 20, and the other end of which is connected to the top cover 30. For example, one end of the driven lever 900 may be rotatably connected to the aforementioned lever bracket, and the other end of the driven lever 900 is rotatably connected to the lever support 100 on the top cover 30. By providing the driven lever 900, the driven lever 900 can move with the movement of the top cover 30, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the top cover 30 while ensuring the opening and closing of the top cover 30.

[0065] It is worth noting that the top cover 30 of the embodiment of the present invention can be a split structure. Figure 6 As shown, exemplarily, the top cover 30 includes a first frame 301 and a second frame 302 symmetrically arranged at the top opening of the cargo compartment 20. There can be two drive mechanisms 600, and there can also be two drive levers 700. Each drive mechanism 600 is connected to the corresponding drive lever 700 through the locking device 10 described in any of the above schemes to drive the first frame 301 and the second frame 302 to open or close respectively. When the first frame 301 or the second frame 302 is closed, the two ends of the locking pin 500 in the corresponding locking device 10 are respectively inserted into the two locking holes 210, thereby ensuring the reliable closure of the first frame 301 or the second frame 302.

[0066] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A locking device, characterized in that: include: A support, used for fixing on a fixed part of the driving mechanism; Two locking arms are rotatably connected to two sides of the support, and two opposite locking holes are provided on the two locking arms. The two locking arms can be relatively opened or closed; A driving block, fixed on the telescopic part of the driving mechanism, the driving block can drive the two locking arms to open under the drive of the telescopic part; A reset member, used for providing an elastic restoring force to the two locking arms so as to close the two locking arms; as well as A lock pin is arranged on the telescopic part, and the lock pin can slide a preset distance relative to the telescopic part along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part, and the lock pin is used to be connected with the driving lever, when the telescopic part retracts, the telescopic part drives the driving block to open the two locking arms, and the lock pin enters between the two locking arms, and the two locking arms are closed under the elastic restoring force of the reset member so that the two ends of the lock pin are respectively inserted into the two lock holes, when the telescopic part extends, the telescopic part drives the driving block to move, and at the same time the lock pin slides relative to the telescopic part, the driving block drives the two locking arms to open, and the two ends of the lock pin are disengaged from the two lock holes; The two locking arms are respectively provided with a first side wall and a second side wall for cooperating with the driving block, the first side wall and the second side wall relatively forming a slide groove, the slide groove has a shape that is narrow in the middle and wide at both ends along the extension direction of the telescopic portion, and when the telescopic portion retracts, the driving block slides from the wide end of the slide groove to the narrow end, so that the two locking arms are opened, and the driving block continues to slide so that the two locking arms are closed under the elastic restoring force of the reset member, and the two ends of the lock pin are respectively inserted into the two lock holes, and the first side wall and the second side wall respectively include a straight section and two inclined sections along the extension direction of the telescopic portion, the straight section is located between the two inclined sections, and the width of the portion of the slide groove corresponding to the straight section is smaller than the width of the portion of the slide groove corresponding to the inclined section; The telescopic part is provided with an elongated hole extending along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part, the locking pin is slidably arranged in the elongated hole, and the elongated hole is used to limit the sliding distance of the locking pin relative to the telescopic part; the driving block has a first end wall and a second end wall respectively matched with the first side wall and the second side wall, and the shape of the driving block between the first end wall and the second end wall is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part. The first end wall and the second end wall may also respectively include two inclined surfaces parallel to the inclined section and a straight surface corresponding to the straight section along the direction of the telescopic part, and the flat surface is located between the two inclined surfaces. The width of the part of the driving block corresponding to the straight surface is greater than the width of the part of the driving block corresponding to the two inclined surfaces, so as to form the driving block with a shape that is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends along the telescopic direction of the telescopic part.

2. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning structure, which is arranged on the support, and the positioning structure is used to cooperate with the two locking arms to limit the relative position of the two locking arms when they are closed.

3. The locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning structure comprises two positioning blocks, and the two positioning blocks are respectively arranged on the support corresponding to the two locking arms. When the two ends of the locking pin are respectively inserted into the two locking holes, the two locking arms respectively abut against the corresponding positioning blocks.

4. The locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two hinge shafts, each of which is respectively inserted into the shaft hole of the support and the shaft hole of each locking arm, and the locking arm is rotatably connected to the support via the hinge shaft.

5. The locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset member includes a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the hinge shaft. The two torsion arms of the torsion spring are respectively abutted against the locking arm and the support. When the two locking arms are opened, the torsion spring undergoes rotational deformation. When the two locking arms are closed, the torsion spring returns to an initial installation state.

6. A railway freight car, comprising a cargo compartment and a roof, and a driving mechanism, wherein the roof is openably and closably arranged on the top of the cargo compartment, the driving mechanism is arranged on the cargo compartment, and the driving mechanism is connected to the roof via a driving lever to drive the roof to open or close. It is characterized in that The driving mechanism is connected to the driving lever through the locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and when the top cover is closed, the two ends of the locking pin are respectively inserted into the two locking holes.

7. The railway freight car according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a cylinder, a cylinder body of the cylinder being the fixed part, a piston of the cylinder being the telescopic part, the cylinder body of the cylinder being installed on the cargo compartment, the support being fixed on the cylinder body of the cylinder, the driving block being fixed on the piston of the cylinder, and the locking pin being arranged on the piston of the cylinder.

8. The railway freight car according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving lever is V-shaped, the middle part of the driving lever is rotatably mounted on the cargo compartment, one end of the driving lever is connected to the locking pin, and the other end of the driving lever is connected to the top cover.

9. The railway freight car according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a driven lever, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the cargo compartment, and the other end of which is connected to the top cover.

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