A pathological sample collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue and a sample collection method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pathological sampling device for cardiac conduction system tissue and a sampling method thereof. The present invention first provides a pathological sampling device for cardiac conduction system tissue, including positioning sampling scissors and a slicing slot. The observation sampling component of the present invention can form a rectangular cutting area. When cutting the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node, six relatively easy-to-identify structures are used to divide the positioning area, and the positioning is simple and accurate; the rectangular cutting area formed by the positioning sampling scissors and the receiving component are engaged with each other, and the target tissue block can be successfully cut off at one time; the positioning sampling scissors are provided with a positioning observation window slot, which can flexibly install and replace two transparent inserts to achieve positioning and sampling of the two areas; the slicing slot can be used to obtain tissue slices with uniform thickness. In addition, the present invention provides a method for pathological sampling of cardiac conduction system tissue, which is simple and safe, can obtain high-quality tissue specimen slices, and has good promotion and application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pathological sections, and more specifically, to a pathological sample taking device for cardiac conduction system tissue and a sample taking method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The cardiac conduction system is composed of the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, left and right bundle branches and terminal fiber network, which maintain the normal rhythm of the heart. Conduction system lesions are the pathological basis of unstable ECG function, which can cause arrhythmia and lead to death. In forensic pathology work, the examination of the cardiac conduction system is usually the examination of the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node. However, in autopsy work, forensic workers often do not pay enough attention to the examination of the cardiac conduction system. The reason may be that the positioning and sampling of the cardiac conduction system are more cumbersome, and forensic workers are not familiar with the distribution and sampling methods of the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node. If the examination of the cardiac conduction system is ignored, it is easy to be misdiagnosed as diseases such as sudden death syndrome in young adults. In addition, in forensic pathology examinations, the sampling of the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node is usually directly cut with scissors or cut with a scalpel. However, due to the thick ventricular muscle, the atrioventricular node is not easy to cut off, and even fingers may be accidentally injured during the cutting process. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cardiac conduction system tissue sampling tool with a simple structure, simple and accurate positioning, easy use, and safe and fast.

[0003] When forensic workers prepare pathological sections of cardiac conduction system tissue, they need to place the tissue specimen on a sampling board, fix the specimen with one hand, and cut it with the other hand. However, since most tissue specimens are irregular, they are not easy to fix when cutting, and the thickness of different slices is difficult to guarantee; in addition, when multiple slices are stacked together, it is easy to confuse the arrangement order, which will cause certain troubles in the subsequent observation and recording of the morphology of the continuous and complete conduction system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a slicer that can firmly fix tissue specimens and slice uniform thickness. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the existing cardiac conduction system tissue sampling method and to provide a cardiac conduction system tissue pathology sampling device with simple structure, accurate positioning and convenient use.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of positioning and sampling scissors for cardiac conduction system tissue.

[0006] A second object of the present invention is to provide a slicing groove for cardiac conduction system tissue.

[0007] The third object of the present invention is to provide a pathological specimen collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue.

[0008] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining cardiac conduction system tissue pathology samples.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following scheme:

[0010] The present invention first provides a kind of positioning sampling scissors for cardiac conduction system tissue, comprising a first knife body, a second knife body and a sampling component, wherein the first knife body comprises a first handle and a first cutting blade, and the second knife body comprises a second handle and a second cutting blade, and the first knife body and the second knife body are rotatably connected at the intersection of the handle and the cutting blade; the sampling component comprises an observation sampling component for observing and sampling and a receiving component for receiving the sampled tissue, wherein the observation sampling component and the receiving component are respectively arranged at the top ends of the cutting blades of the first knife body and the second knife body, and the observation sampling component and the receiving component are used in conjunction with each other.

[0011] The observation and material collection component is arranged above the receiving component.

[0012] More preferably, the first blade body and the second blade body are rotatably connected via a hinge hole at the intersection of the handle and the cutting blade.

[0013] Preferably, the observation and material collection assembly comprises a blade ring and a positioning observation window slot arranged at the non-blade end of the blade ring, and the blade ring is connected to the top end of the shear blade of the first blade body.

[0014] More preferably, the blade ring is fixedly connected to the top of the cutting edge of the first blade body.

[0015] Preferably, the receiving assembly is a cylindrical structure that cooperates with the blade ring, and the cylindrical structure is connected to the top of the shear blade of the second blade body.

[0016] More preferably, the cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the top of the cutting blade of the second blade body.

[0017] More preferably, the cylindrical structure comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, and the cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the top end of the shear blade of the second blade body via the bottom plate.

[0018] More preferably, the specification of the cylindrical structure is larger than the specification of the blade ring.

[0019] Preferably, a positioning observation window insert is provided on the positioning observation window slot, and the positioning observation window insert is detachably connected to the positioning observation window slot.

[0020] More preferably, the positioning observation window slot is used to insert and fix the positioning observation window insert, and the positioning observation window insert is inserted parallel to the positioning observation window slot.

[0021] More preferably, the specification of the positioning observation window insert is smaller than the specification of the positioning observation window slot.

[0022] More preferably, the positioning observation window insert is made of plastic.

[0023] More preferably, the positioning observation window insert includes a transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert and a transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert.

[0024] Depending on the target sampling site, choose to use a transparent sinus node locating area insert or a transparent atrioventricular node locating area insert and insert it into the slot.

[0025] The specifications of the sinoatrial node localization area insert are the same as those of the atrioventricular node localization area insert.

[0026] Preferably, the transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert is provided with a superior vena cava positioning area, a terminal sulcus positioning area and a right atrial appendage ridge positioning area according to their relative anatomical positions.

[0027] Preferably, the superior vena cava positioning area and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area are respectively located at the upper left and upper right of the transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert, and the terminal sulcus positioning area is located in the middle of the superior vena cava positioning area and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area, and the terminal sulcus positioning area is a rectangular area that runs through the long axis of the transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert.

[0028] Preferably, the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert is provided with a parallel flesh column positioning area, a tricuspid valve ring positioning area and a coronary sinus ostium positioning area according to the relative anatomical positions.

[0029] Preferably, the parallel flesh column positioning area is located in the upper half of the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area is located between the parallel flesh column positioning area and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area is a rectangular area that passes through the horizontal axis of the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert, and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area is located at the lower right of the tricuspid valve ring positioning area, adjacent to the tricuspid valve ring positioning area.

[0030] More preferably, the size of the sinoatrial node localization area insert is 2.5-3.0 cm×3.5-4.0 cm.

[0031] More preferably, the specification of the sinoatrial node locating area insert is 3.0 cm×4.0 cm.

[0032] More preferably, the specifications of the superior vena cava positioning area and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area are both 1.0-1.5 cm×0.8-1.2 cm.

[0033] More preferably, the specifications of the superior vena cava positioning area and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area are both 1.3 cm×1.0 cm.

[0034] More preferably, the size of the boundary groove positioning area is 0.3-0.5 cm×3.5-4.0 cm.

[0035] More preferably, the size of the boundary groove positioning area is 0.4 cm×4.0 cm.

[0036] More preferably, the sinoatrial node locating area insert is provided with visualized lines to divide the superior vena cava locating area, the terminal sulcus locating area and the right atrial appendage ridge locating area into zones.

[0037] More preferably, the sinoatrial node locating area insert further includes a first pull handle.

[0038] More preferably, the first pull handle is arranged on the other side of the insertion end of the sinus node locating area plug.

[0039] More preferably, the size of the atrioventricular node localization area insert is 2.5-3.0 cm×3.5-4.0 cm.

[0040] More preferably, the atrioventricular node localization area insert has a specification of 3.0 cm×4.0 cm.

[0041] More preferably, the specification of the parallel meat column positioning area is 2.5-3.0 cm×1.4-1.8 cm.

[0042] More preferably, the specification of the parallel meat column positioning area is 3.0 cm×1.6 cm.

[0043] More preferably, the size of the tricuspid valve ring positioning area is 2.5-3.0 cm×0.6-1.0 cm.

[0044] More preferably, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area has a size of 3.0 cm×0.8 cm.

[0045] More preferably, the specification of the coronary sinus ostium positioning area is 0.8-1.2 cm×0.8-1.2 cm; the lower end of the coronary sinus ostium positioning area is 0.4-0.8 cm away from the bottom edge of the atrioventricular node positioning area insert.

[0046] More preferably, the specification of the coronary sinus ostium positioning area is 1.0 cm×1.0 cm; the lower end of the coronary sinus ostium positioning area is 0.6 cm away from the bottom edge of the atrioventricular node positioning area insert.

[0047] More preferably, the atrioventricular node positioning area insert is provided with visualized lines to divide the parallel flesh column positioning area, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area into zones.

[0048] More preferably, the atrioventricular node localization area insert further includes a second pull handle.

[0049] More preferably, the second pull handle is arranged on the other side of the insertion end of the atrioventricular node positioning area plug.

[0050] More preferably, the first handle and the second handle are oval or semicircular.

[0051] More preferably, both the first handle and the second handle are anti-slip handles.

[0052] In order to keep the cutting shears in an open state, preferably, the first handle and the second handle are connected by a spring.

[0053] In order to cut open the thicker ventricular myocardium of the atrioventricular node, preferably, the thickness of the blade ring is 1.2-1.8 mm.

[0054] More preferably, the thickness of the blade ring is 1.5 mm.

[0055] In order to cut open the thicker ventricular myocardium of the atrioventricular node, preferably, the height of the blade ring is 0.8 to 1.2 cm.

[0056] More preferably, the height of the blade ring is 1 cm.

[0057] A rectangular material collection frame is formed by the blade ring.

[0058] In order to ensure that the rectangular tissue block containing the cardiac conduction system can be successfully cut out in one go, preferably, the size of the rectangular sampling frame is 2.5-3.0 cm×3.5-4.0 cm.

[0059] More preferably, the rectangular sampling frame has a size of 3.0 cm×4.0 cm.

[0060] In order to ensure that the observation and material collection component and the receiving component are properly engaged, preferably, the specifications of the bottom plate are larger than the specifications of the rectangular material collection frame.

[0061] More preferably, the specifications of the base plate are 2.6-3.2 cm×3.6-4.2 cm.

[0062] More preferably, the bottom plate has a size of 3.2 cm×4.2 cm.

[0063] In order to ensure that the observation and sampling component and the receiving component are properly engaged, preferably, the height of the side panel is 0.8 to 1.2 cm.

[0064] More preferably, the height of the side panels is 1 cm.

[0065] In order to effectively prevent the positioning material shears from being corroded during the cutting process and to facilitate the cleaning and disinfection of the positioning material shears, preferably, the first blade body and the second blade body are both made of stainless steel.

[0066] Preferably, the first handle and the second handle are covered with a silicone sleeve or a rubber sleeve.

[0067] The present invention also provides a slicing groove for cardiac conduction system tissue, comprising a bottom plate, a side plate, an elastic pressure handle and a comb, wherein the comb comprises a comb handle and comb teeth arranged on the comb handle, the side plates are arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate, and slide rails are arranged on the side plates. Both ends of the comb handle are slidably connected to the slide rails respectively, so that the comb can slide up and down along the slide rails, and the elastic pressure handle is used to fix the taken tissue, and the elastic pressure handle is arranged on the bottom plate, and one end of the elastic pressure handle is slidably connected to the bottom plate, so that the elastic pressure handle slides along the direction of the comb handle.

[0068] More preferably, both ends of the comb handle are slidably connected to the slide rails through end blocks.

[0069] Preferably, two slide rails are respectively provided on the side panels, and the two slide rails are respectively slidably connected to two combs, and the comb teeth of the two combs are in opposite directions.

[0070] More preferably, the comb handle can slide up and down along the slide rail or rotate 360 ​​degrees to compress the tissue block.

[0071] In order to fix the terminal position of the comb handle, more preferably, a rubber strip is padded in the slide rail.

[0072] More preferably, the comb further comprises gaps, and the comb teeth and the gaps are evenly distributed.

[0073] More preferably, the width of the comb teeth is 2.2-2.7 mm.

[0074] More preferably, the width of the comb teeth is 2.5 mm.

[0075] More preferably, the width of the gap is greater than the width of a blade used to cut the tissue block.

[0076] More preferably, the width of the gap is 0.3-0.7 mm.

[0077] More preferably, the width of the gap is 0.5 mm.

[0078] The two combs have corresponding teeth and corresponding gaps, and are used for cutting tissue blocks to obtain tissue slices with uniform thickness.

[0079] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided on the bottom plate, and the elastic pressure handle is slidably connected to the sliding groove. The elastic pressure handle includes an extension portion, a pressure handle, a lower pressure arm and a connecting column. The extension portion, the pressure handle and the lower pressure arm are connected in sequence, and the connecting column is fixedly connected to the slider. The extension portion and the lower pressure arm extend obliquely upward at both ends of the pressure handle.

[0080] More preferably, the elastic pressure handle is slidably connected to the slide groove via a sliding block.

[0081] In order to fix the terminal position of the elastic pressure handle, more preferably, a rubber strip is padded inside the slide groove.

[0082] More preferably, the sliding block can be installed or removed from both ends of the sliding groove.

[0083] More preferably, scale lines are arranged around the bottom plate.

[0084] More preferably, the bottom plate is also provided with a loading platform for placing the sinoatrial node tissue block or the atrioventricular node tissue block cut by the positioning sampling scissors.

[0085] In order to facilitate placing the tissue block cut by the sampling scissors on the stage, it is more preferred that the angle at which the extension portion extends obliquely upward is 30 to 45 degrees.

[0086] More preferably, the angle at which the extension portion extends obliquely upward is 30°.

[0087] In order to prevent the tissue block from slipping out, more preferably, the plane height of the stage is smaller than the plane height of the scale line.

[0088] More preferably, the plane height of the stage is 2-3 mm smaller than the plane height of the scale lines.

[0089] In order to compress the tissue block, the tissue block is fixed on the stage. More preferably, two elastic pressure handles are provided on the slice groove.

[0090] More preferably, the slicing groove is made of plastic.

[0091] The present invention also provides a pathological specimen collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue, comprising the positioning specimen collection scissors and the slicing groove.

[0092] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for obtaining cardiac conduction system tissue pathology samples, which comprises inserting a positioning observation window insert into a positioning observation window slot, looking directly at the transparent positioning observation window insert, and adjusting the direction and position of the positioning sampling scissors so that the superior vena cava, the terminal sulcus and the right atrial appendage ridge fall into the corresponding superior vena cava positioning area, the terminal sulcus positioning area and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area, respectively, or the flesh column, the tricuspid valve ring and the coronary sinus ostium fall into the corresponding parallel flesh column positioning area, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area, respectively, and the long axis direction of the flesh column is parallel to the long axis direction of the parallel flesh column positioning area; sampling is performed using the positioning sampling scissors to obtain a sinoatrial node tissue block or an atrioventricular node tissue block; then, the tissue block is placed on a stage and cut using a slicing groove to obtain a sinoatrial node tissue slice or an atrioventricular node tissue slice.

[0093] Specifically, the method for obtaining pathological samples of cardiac conduction system tissue is as follows:

[0094] When sampling the sinoatrial node of the cardiac conduction system, insert the sinoatrial node positioning area insert into the positioning observation window slot, leaving the first pull handle outside; then, insert the positioning sampling scissors from the inferior vena cava of the heart, and under the premise of directly looking at the transparent positioning observation window insert, adjust the direction and position of the positioning sampling scissors so that the superior vena cava, terminal sulcus and right atrial appendage ridge fall into the corresponding superior vena cava positioning area, terminal sulcus positioning area and right atrial appendage ridge positioning area respectively, bite the positioning sampling scissors, and the cut rectangular tissue block is the sinoatrial node tissue block.

[0095] When sampling the atrioventricular node of the cardiac conduction system, after pulling the sinoatrial node positioning area insert out of the positioning observation window slot through the first pull handle, insert the atrioventricular node positioning area insert into the positioning observation window slot, leaving the second pull handle outside; then, insert the positioning sampling scissors from the right atrium of the heart, and under the premise of directly looking at the transparent positioning observation window insert, adjust the direction and position of the positioning sampling scissors so that the parallel flesh column, tricuspid valve ring and coronary sinus ostium fall into the corresponding parallel flesh column positioning area, tricuspid valve ring positioning area and coronary sinus ostium positioning area respectively, bite the positioning sampling scissors, and the cut rectangular tissue block is the atrioventricular node tissue block.

[0096] Lift the extended part of the elastic pressure handle of the slicing groove, place the above-obtained sinoatrial node tissue block or atrioventricular node tissue block on the stage, move the slider so that the lower surfaces of the two pressure handles are pressed tightly against the tissue block on the stage to fix the tissue block, then insert the comb from the top of the slide rail to press the two ends of the tissue block to fix the tissue block firmly, take a suitable blade to cut the tissue block along the gap of the comb, and you can get sinoatrial node tissue slices or atrioventricular node tissue slices with uniform thickness.

[0097] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0098] The present invention provides a pathological specimen collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue and a specimen collection method thereof. The present invention first provides a pathological specimen collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue, comprising a positioning specimen collection scissors and a slicing groove. The observation and sampling assembly of the positioning and sampling scissors of the present invention can form a rectangular cutting area. When cutting the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node, six easily recognizable cardiac conduction system structures are used to divide the area into six positioning areas: the superior vena cava positioning area, the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area, the terminal sulcus positioning area, the right ventricular column positioning area, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area. The positioning is simple and accurate, avoiding the traditional and cumbersome positioning method of multiple anatomical landmarks. Moreover, the rectangular cutting area formed by the positioning and sampling scissors and the receiving assembly are engaged with each other, which can ensure that the target tissue block can be successfully cut off at one time. Compared with the traditional method of cutting side by side with a scalpel, the method is more convenient and safer. In addition, a positioning observation window slot is provided on the first blade body of the positioning and sampling scissors, which can flexibly install and replace a transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert and a transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert, so that the two areas of the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node can be positioned and sampled with one sampling scissor.

[0099] The slicing groove of the present invention can firmly fix the sinoatrial node tissue block or the atrioventricular node tissue block cut by the positioning sampling scissors, quickly and safely obtain tissue slices with uniform thickness, and can keep the relative position and sequence of the tissue blocks unchanged. During the inspection process, it is beneficial to achieve complete observation and recording of the morphology of the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node.

[0100] Based on the above-mentioned positioning sampling scissors and slicing grooves, the present invention also provides a method for sampling cardiac conduction system tissue pathology, which is simple, convenient, safe, and can obtain high-quality tissue specimen slices; the present invention has a simple structure, reasonable design, accurate positioning, convenient and safe use, and the obtained cardiac conduction system tissue slices are of high quality, which solves the problems of cumbersome positioning and inconvenient sampling of the cardiac conduction system in forensic pathology practice, and has good promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0101] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cardiac conduction system tissue positioning and sampling scissors without the positioning observation window insert installed.

[0102] Figure numerals: 1-first blade body; 11-blade ring; 12-positioning observation window slot; 13-first handle; 14-first shearing blade; 15-observation and material collection component; 2-second blade body; 21-receiving component; 211-bottom plate; 212-side plate; 22-second handle; 23-second shearing blade; 4-hinge hole; 5-spring.

[0103] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cardiac conduction system tissue positioning and sampling scissors with the positioning observation window insert installed.

[0104] Figure numerals: 1-first blade body; 11-blade ring; 12-positioning observation window slot; 13-first handle; 14-first shearing blade; 15-observation and material collection component; 2-second blade body; 21-receiving component; 211-bottom plate; 212-side plate; 22-second handle; 23-second shearing blade; 3-positioning observation window insert; 4-hinge hole; 5-spring.

[0105] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first blade body.

[0106] Figure numerals: 1-first blade body; 11-blade ring; 12-positioning observation window slot; 13-first handle; 14-first cutting blade; 15-observation and material collection component; 4-hinge hole.

[0107] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second blade body.

[0108] Figure numerals: 2 - second blade body; 21 - receiving assembly; 211 - bottom plate; 212 - side plate; 22 - second handle; 23 - second cutting blade; 4 - hinge hole.

[0109] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sinoatrial node localization area insert and the atrioventricular node localization area insert.

[0110] Figure numerals: 31-sinoatrial node positioning area insert; 311-superior vena cava positioning area; 312-terminal sulcus positioning area; 313-right atrial appendage ridge positioning area; 314-first pull handle; 32-atrioventricular node positioning area insert; 321-parallel flesh column positioning area; 322-tricuspid valve ring positioning area; 323-coronary sinus ostium positioning area; 324-second pull handle.

[0111] Figure 6 The schematic diagram is a structural diagram of the sinoatrial node positioning area insert and the atrioventricular node positioning area insert being respectively inserted into the positioning observation window slots.

[0112] Figure numerals: 11 - blade ring; 12 - positioning observation window slot; 21 - receiving assembly; 31 - sinoatrial node positioning area insert; 32 - atrioventricular node positioning area insert.

[0113] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the slice slot.

[0114] Figure numerals: 6 - bottom plate; 62 - scale line; 63 - loading platform; 7 - side plate; 71 - slide rail; 8 - elastic pressure handle; 9 - comb.

[0115] Figure 8 This is a top view of the slicing trough.

[0116] Figure numerals: 61 - slide groove; 62 - scale line; 7 - side plate; 71 - slide rail; 8 - elastic pressure handle; 81 - slider; 9 - comb.

[0117] Fig. 9 It is a top plan view of the slicing slot bottom plate without the elastic pressure handle installed.

[0118] Figure numerals: 61 - slide groove; 62 - scale line; 63 - loading platform.

[0119] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic pressure handle.

[0120] Figure numerals: 81 - slider; 82 - connecting column; 83 - lower pressure arm; 84 - pressure handle; 85 - extension part.

[0121] Fig.11 The bottom plan view of the slicing slot bottom plate with the elastic pressure handle installed.

[0122] Figure numerals: 61 - slide groove; 62 - scale line; 63 - loading platform; 81 - slider; 82 - connecting column; 83 - lower pressure arm; 84 - pressure handle; 85 - extension part.

[0123] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of a comb.

[0124] Reference numerals: 91 - comb teeth; 92 - gap; 93 - end block; 94 - comb handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0125] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation methods of the specification. The drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions and are only schematic diagrams, not physical drawings, and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0126] Example 1 A cardiac conduction system tissue pathology sampling device

[0127] This embodiment provides a pathological specimen collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue, which is used to collect samples of the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node of the cardiac conduction system and obtain sinoatrial node tissue slices and atrioventricular node tissue slices with uniform thickness.

[0128] like Figure 6 As shown, a pathological specimen collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue includes positioning specimen collection scissors and a slicing groove. The positioning specimen collection scissors include a first blade body 1, a second blade body 2 and a specimen collection component. The first blade body 1 includes a first handle 13 and a first cutting blade 14, and the second blade body 2 includes a second handle 22 and a second cutting blade 23. The first blade body 1 and the second blade body 2 are rotatably connected at the intersection of the handle and the cutting blade. The specimen collection component includes an observation specimen collection component 15 for observing and collecting specimens and a receiving component 21 for receiving the collected tissue. The observation specimen collection component 15 and the receiving component 21 are respectively arranged at the top of the cutting blades of the first blade body 1 and the second blade body 2, and the observation specimen collection component 15 and the receiving component 21 cooperate with each other for use.

[0129] In this embodiment, the observation and material collection component 15 is disposed above the receiving component 21 .

[0130] In this embodiment, the first blade body 1 and the second blade body 2 are rotatably connected through a hinge hole 4 at the intersection of the handle and the cutting blade.

[0131] The observation and material collection component 15 includes a blade ring 11 and a positioning observation window slot 12 arranged at the non-blade end of the blade ring. The blade ring 11 is connected to the top of the shear blade of the first blade body 1.

[0132] In this embodiment, the blade ring 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the cutting edge of the first blade body 1 .

[0133] The receiving assembly 21 is a cylindrical structure that cooperates with the blade ring 11 , and the cylindrical structure is connected to the top of the cutting edge of the second blade body 2 .

[0134] In this embodiment, the cylindrical structure includes a bottom plate 211 and a side plate 212 , and the cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the top of the cutting blade of the second blade body 2 via the bottom plate 211 .

[0135] In this embodiment, the specification of the cylindrical structure is larger than the specification of the blade ring 11 .

[0136] The positioning observation window slot 12 is provided with a positioning observation window insert 3 , and the positioning observation window insert 3 is detachably connected to the positioning observation window slot 12 .

[0137] In this embodiment, the positioning observation window slot 12 is used to insert and fix the positioning observation window insert 3 , and the positioning observation window insert 3 is inserted parallel to the positioning observation window slot 12 .

[0138] In this embodiment, the specification of the positioning observation window insert 3 is smaller than the specification of the positioning observation window slot 12 .

[0139] In this embodiment, the positioning observation window insert 3 is made of plastic.

[0140] The positioning observation window insert 3 includes a transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert 31 and a transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32 .

[0141] In this embodiment, the specification of the transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert 31 is the same as the specification of the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32 .

[0142] like Figure 5As shown, the transparent sinus node positioning area insert 31 includes a superior vena cava positioning area 311, a terminal sulcus positioning area 312 and a right atrial appendage ridge positioning area 313, the terminal sulcus positioning area 312 is located in the middle of the superior vena cava positioning area 311 and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area 313, the superior vena cava positioning area 311 and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area 313 are respectively located in the upper left and upper right of the transparent sinus node positioning area insert 31, the terminal sulcus positioning area 312 is located in the middle of the superior vena cava positioning area 311 and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area 313, and the terminal sulcus positioning area 312 is a rectangular area that runs through the long axis of the transparent sinus node positioning area insert 31. shaped area; the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32 includes a parallel flesh column positioning area 321, a tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322 and a coronary sinus ostium positioning area 323, the parallel flesh column positioning area 321 is located in the upper half of the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322 is located between the parallel flesh column positioning area 321 and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area 323, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322 is a rectangular area that passes through the horizontal axis of the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32, and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area 323 is located at the lower right of the tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322, and is adjacent to the tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322.

[0143] In this embodiment, the size of the sinoatrial node locating region insert 31 is 3.0 cm×4.0 cm.

[0144] In this embodiment, the specifications of the superior vena cava positioning area 311 and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area 313 are both 1.3 cm×1.0 cm.

[0145] In this embodiment, the size of the boundary groove positioning area 312 is 0.4 cm×4.0 cm.

[0146] In this embodiment, visualized lines are arranged on the sinoatrial node positioning area insert 31 to divide the superior vena cava positioning area 311 , the terminal sulcus positioning area 312 and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area 313 into different areas.

[0147] In this embodiment, the first pull handle 314 is disposed on the other side of the insertion end of the sinus node positioning region insert 31 .

[0148] In this embodiment, the size of the atrioventricular node localization region insert 32 is 3.0 cm×4.0 cm.

[0149] In this embodiment, the specification of the parallel meat column positioning area 321 is 3.0 cm×1.6 cm.

[0150] In this embodiment, the size of the tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322 is 3.0 cm×0.8 cm.

[0151] In this embodiment, the size of the coronary sinus ostium positioning area 323 is 1.0 cm×1.0 cm; the lower end of the coronary sinus ostium positioning area 323 is 0.6 cm away from the bottom edge of the atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32.

[0152] In this embodiment, visual lines are provided on the atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32 to divide the parallel flesh column positioning area 321, the tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322 and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area 323 into zones.

[0153] In this embodiment, the second pull handle 324 is disposed on the other side of the insertion end of the atrioventricular node positioning region insert 32 .

[0154] In this embodiment, the first handle 314 and the second handle 324 are semicircular.

[0155] In this embodiment, the first handle 314 and the second handle 324 are both anti-slip handles.

[0156] In order to keep the cutting shears in an open state, in this embodiment, the first handle 13 and the second handle 22 are connected by a spring 5 .

[0157] In order to cut open the thicker ventricular myocardium of the atrioventricular node, in this embodiment, the thickness of the blade ring 11 is 1.5 mm.

[0158] In order to cut open the thicker ventricular myocardium of the atrioventricular node, in this embodiment, the height of the blade ring 11 is 1 cm.

[0159] A rectangular material collection frame is formed by the blade ring 11.

[0160] In order to ensure that the rectangular tissue block containing the cardiac conduction system can be successfully cut out in one go, in this embodiment, the size of the rectangular sample frame is 2 cm×1 cm.

[0161] In order to ensure that the observation and material collection component 15 and the receiving component 21 are properly engaged, in this embodiment, the specifications of the bottom plate 211 are larger than the specifications of the rectangular material collection frame.

[0162] In this embodiment, the size of the bottom plate 211 is 2.3 cm×1.3 cm.

[0163] In order to ensure that the observation and material collection component 15 and the receiving component 21 are properly engaged, in this embodiment, the height of the side plate 212 is 1 cm.

[0164] In order to effectively prevent the positioning material shears from being corroded during the cutting process and to facilitate the cleaning and disinfection of the positioning material shears, in this embodiment, the first blade body 1 and the second blade body 2 are both made of stainless steel.

[0165] In this embodiment, the first handle 13 and the second handle 22 are covered with rubber sleeves.

[0166] In addition, if Figure 7As shown, the slicing groove includes a bottom plate 6, a side plate 7, an elastic pressure handle 8 and a comb 9. The comb 9 includes a comb handle 94 and comb teeth 91 arranged on the comb handle 94. The side plates 7 are arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 6. The side plates 7 are provided with slide rails 71. Both ends of the comb handle 94 are slidably connected to the slide rails 71 respectively, so that the comb 9 can slide up and down along the slide rails 71. The elastic pressure handle 8 is used to fix the taken tissue. The elastic pressure handle 8 is arranged on the bottom plate 6. One end of the elastic pressure handle 8 is slidably connected to the bottom plate 6, so that the elastic pressure handle 8 slides along the direction of the comb handle 94.

[0167] In this embodiment, both ends of the comb handle 94 are slidably connected to the slide rail 71 through the end blocks 93 respectively.

[0168] Two slide rails 71 are respectively arranged on the side plate 7 , and the two slide rails 71 are respectively slidably connected to the two combs 9 , and the comb teeth 91 of the two combs 9 are in opposite directions.

[0169] In this embodiment, the comb handle 94 can slide up and down or rotate 360 ​​degrees along the slide rail 71 to compress the tissue block.

[0170] In order to fix the final position of the comb handle 94 , in this embodiment, a rubber strip is padded inside the slide rail 71 .

[0171] like Fig.12 As shown, in this embodiment, the comb 9 further includes gaps 92, and the comb teeth 91 and the gaps 92 are evenly spaced.

[0172] In this embodiment, the width of the comb teeth 91 is 2.5 mm.

[0173] In this embodiment, the width of the gap 92 is greater than the width of a blade used to cut the tissue block.

[0174] In this embodiment, the width of the gap 92 is 0.5 mm.

[0175] In this embodiment, the teeth and gaps of the two combs correspond to each other, and are used to cut tissue blocks to obtain tissue slices with uniform thickness.

[0176] A slide groove 61 is provided on the base plate 6, and the elastic pressure handle 8 is slidably connected to the slide groove 61. The elastic pressure handle 8 includes an extension portion 85, a pressure handle 84, a lower pressure arm 83 and a connecting column 82. The extension portion 85, the pressure handle 84 and the lower pressure arm 83 are connected in sequence, and the connecting column 82 is fixedly connected to the slider 81. The extension portion 85 and the lower pressure arm 83 extend obliquely upward at both ends of the pressure handle 84.

[0177] In this embodiment, the elastic pressure handle 8 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 61 via a sliding block 81 .

[0178] In order to fix the terminal position of the elastic pressure handle 8 , in this embodiment, a rubber strip is padded inside the sliding groove 61 .

[0179] In this embodiment, the slider 81 can be installed or removed from both ends of the slide groove 61 .

[0180] In this embodiment, scale lines 62 are arranged around the bottom plate 6 .

[0181] In this embodiment, a loading platform 63 is also provided on the bottom plate 6 for placing the sinoatrial node tissue block or the atrioventricular node tissue block cut by the positioning sampling scissors.

[0182] In order to facilitate placing the tissue block cut by the sampling scissors onto the stage 63, in this embodiment, the extension portion 85 extends obliquely upward at an angle of 30°.

[0183] In order to prevent the tissue block from slipping out, in this embodiment, the plane height of the stage 63 is 2 mm less than the plane height of the scale line 62 .

[0184] In order to compress the tissue block, the tissue block is fixed on the stage 63. In this embodiment, two elastic pressure handles 8 are provided on the slicing groove.

[0185] In this embodiment, the slicing groove is made of plastic.

[0186] Example 2 A method for obtaining cardiac conduction system tissue pathology samples

[0187] When sampling the sinoatrial node of the cardiac conduction system, take the fixed heart, find the right atrial sulcus, ensure that the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava have been opened along their long axis, the sulcus and the right atrial appendage ridge structure are intact, and the heart chambers have been opened; then, insert the sinoatrial node positioning area insert 31 into the positioning observation window slot 12, leaving the first pull handle 314 outside, hold the first handle 13 and the second handle 22 with the right hand, so that the positioning sampling scissors remain in the open state, and spread the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava stumps with the left hand, so that the sulcus and the right atrial appendage are opened. The ridge and the stump of the superior vena cava are fully exposed, and the positioning and sampling scissors are inserted from the inferior vena cava of the heart with the right hand, and the positioning and sampling scissors are moved toward the superior vena cava end and the right atrial appendage ridge. Under the premise of directly looking at the transparent positioning observation window insert 3, the stump of the superior vena cava, the terminal sulcus, and the right atrial appendage ridge are respectively located in the superior vena cava positioning area 311, the terminal sulcus positioning area 312, and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area 313 of the sinoatrial node positioning area insert 31, and the first handle 13 and the second handle 22 are firmly grasped with the right hand, and the rectangular tissue block cut out is the sinoatrial node tissue block.

[0188] When sampling the atrioventricular node of the cardiac conduction system, after pulling out the sinoatrial node positioning area insert 31 from the positioning observation window slot 12 through the first pull handle 314, insert the atrioventricular node positioning area insert 32 into the positioning observation window slot 12, leaving the second pull handle 324 outside; open the right atrium and right ventricle so that the apex faces upward and is fully exposed, find the coronary sinus ostium, the tricuspid valve ring and the right ventricular flesh column under the tricuspid valve ring, hold the first handle 13 and the second handle 22 with the right hand to keep the positioning sampling scissors open, and use the left hand to assist in keeping the right atrium, When the right ventricle is fully open, use your right hand to insert the positioning and sampling scissors from the right atrium of the heart, and move the positioning and sampling scissors toward the right ventricle. Under the premise of looking directly at the transparent positioning observation window insert 3, make the long axis of the right ventricular flesh column under the tricuspid valve ring parallel to the rectangular long axis of the parallel flesh column positioning area 321, and the tricuspid valve ring and the coronary sinus ostium are located in the tricuspid valve ring positioning area 322 and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area 323 respectively. Hold up the heart with your left hand, and hold the first handle 13 and the second handle 22 with your right hand. The cut rectangular tissue block is the atrioventricular node tissue block.

[0189] Lift the extended portion 85 of the elastic pressure handle 8 of the slicing groove, place the above-obtained sinoatrial node tissue block or atrioventricular node tissue block on the stage 63, move the slider 81 so that the lower surface of the pressure handle 84 is pressed tightly against the tissue block on the stage 63; then, insert the comb 9 from above the slide rail 71, press the two ends of the tissue block, take a suitable blade to cut the tissue block along the gap 92, and obtain a sinoatrial node tissue slice or atrioventricular node tissue slice with uniform thickness.

[0190] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description, and it is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and sampling scissors for cardiac conduction system tissue, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first blade body (1), a second blade body (2) and a material collecting component, wherein the first blade body (1) comprises a first handle (13) and a first cutting blade (14), and the second blade body (2) comprises a second handle (22) and a second cutting blade (23), and the first blade body (1) and the second blade body (2) are rotatably connected at the intersection of the handle and the cutting blade; the material collecting component comprises an observation and material collecting component (15) for observing and collecting materials, and a receiving component (21) for receiving the collected tissues, and the observation and material collecting component (15) and the receiving component (21) are respectively arranged at the top ends of the cutting blades of the first blade body (1) and the second blade body (2), and the observation and material collecting component (15) and the receiving component (21) are used in conjunction with each other; The observation and material collection component (15) comprises a blade ring (11) and a positioning observation window slot (12) arranged at the non-blade end of the blade ring, and the blade ring (11) is connected to the top end of the shear blade of the first blade body (1); The positioning observation window slot (12) is provided with a positioning observation window insert (3), and the positioning observation window insert (3) is detachably connected to the positioning observation window slot (12); The receiving assembly (21) is a cylindrical structure that cooperates with the blade ring (11), and the cylindrical structure is connected to the top of the cutting blade of the second blade body (2); The positioning observation window insert (3) comprises a transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert (31) or a transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert (32); The transparent sinoatrial node positioning area insert (31) is provided with a superior vena cava positioning area (311), a terminal sulcus positioning area (312) and a right atrial appendage ridge positioning area (313) according to relative anatomical positions; the transparent atrioventricular node positioning area insert (32) is provided with a parallel flesh column positioning area (321), a tricuspid valve ring positioning area (322) and a coronary sinus ostium positioning area (323) according to relative anatomical positions.

2. A pathological specimen collection device for cardiac conduction system tissue, characterized in that: It includes the positioning material shears and slicing groove as described in claim 1; The slicing trough comprises a bottom plate (6), a side plate (7), an elastic pressure handle (8) and a comb (9); the comb (9) comprises a comb handle (94) and comb teeth (91) arranged on the comb handle (94); the side plates (7) are arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate (6); a slide rail (71) is arranged on the side plate (7); both ends of the comb handle (94) are respectively slidably connected to the slide rail (71), so that the comb (9) can slide up and down along the slide rail (71); the elastic pressure handle (8) is used to fix the taken tissue; the elastic pressure handle (8) is arranged on the bottom plate (6); one end of the elastic pressure handle (8) is slidably connected to the bottom plate (6), so that the elastic pressure handle (8) slides along the direction of the comb handle (94).

3. The pathological specimen collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two slide rails (71) are respectively arranged on the side plates (7), and the two slide rails (71) are respectively slidably connected to the two combs (9), and the comb teeth (91) of the two combs (9) are in opposite directions.

4. A method for obtaining cardiac conduction system tissue pathology samples for autopsy, characterized in that: Insert the positioning observation window insert (3) into the positioning observation window slot (12), look directly at the transparent positioning observation window insert (3), and adjust the direction and position of the positioning sampling scissors so that the superior vena cava, the terminal sulcus and the right atrial appendage ridge fall into the corresponding superior vena cava positioning area (311), the terminal sulcus positioning area (312) and the right atrial appendage ridge positioning area (313) respectively, or the flesh column, the tricuspid valve ring and the coronary sinus ostium fall into the corresponding parallel flesh column positioning area (321), the tricuspid valve ring positioning area (322) and the coronary sinus ostium positioning area (323) respectively, and the long axis direction of the flesh column is parallel to the long axis direction of the parallel flesh column positioning area (321); use the positioning sampling scissors described in claim 1 to obtain a sinoatrial node tissue block or an atrioventricular node tissue block; then, place the tissue block on the stage (63) and cut it using the slicing groove to obtain a sinoatrial node tissue slice or an atrioventricular node tissue slice.

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