Charging device for electric vehicle

Abstract

A charging device for an electric vehicle is provided. The device includes an AC power input stage, which receives at least one AC input power from single-phase AC power and multi-phase AC power. The power factor corrector has a single three-branch half-bridge circuit, which receives the AC input power through the AC power input stage. The link capacitor is charged by the power factor corrector. The converter is connected between the link capacitor and the battery. The first switch connects any one of the AC power input line and the neutral line of the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector. The second switch selectively connects the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector or the link capacitor. The controller operates the power factor corrector and the switch network based on the state of the received AC input power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle, and more particularly to a charging apparatus for an electric vehicle configured to travel using only motor power. Background Art

[0002] Unlike internal combustion engine vehicles designed to obtain main energy by burning fossil fuels, electric vehicles are designed to use electric energy as the main energy source. Therefore, electric vehicles must include a high-voltage battery for storing electric energy therein, a motor used as a power source, and an inverter for driving the motor.

[0003] The charger for charging the battery of an electric vehicle can be divided into a slow charger and a high-speed charger. The slow charger can transmit commercial alternating current (AC) power to the vehicle without conversion. The high-speed charger can convert commercial AC power into direct current (DC) power, and can transmit the DC power to the vehicle. The slow charger has a simplified structure and a low price, and therefore, can be developed more easily. However, in order to use the slow charger, an on-board charger (OBC) needs to be installed in the electric vehicle.

[0004] The type of AC power provided by the slow charger varies depending on the country where the slow charger is installed. In order to charge the battery of an electric vehicle using various types of AC power, the on-board charger (OBC) should respond to various types of AC power. When the capacity of the battery of an electric vehicle increases, the driving distance of an electric vehicle equipped with a single-charge battery increases. Therefore, many developers and vehicle manufacturers are studying technologies for increasing the battery capacity of electric vehicles. Large-capacity batteries embedded in electric vehicles inevitably lead to an increase in the total charging time of the electric vehicle. In order to reduce the charging time of large-capacity batteries, the OBC capacity should be increased. However, increasing the OBC capacity will inevitably increase the size of the constituent elements of the electric vehicle and the production cost of the electric vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a charging device for an electric vehicle, which has a reduced size and a simplified structure, and charges the battery of the electric vehicle when receiving power from various power sources. Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a charging device for an electric vehicle may include: an alternating current (AC) power input stage, which is configured to receive at least one AC input power from single-phase AC power and multi-phase AC power; a power factor corrector, which has a single three-branch half-bridge circuit configured to receive the AC input power through the AC power input stage; a link capacitor, which is charged using the power factor corrector; a converter, which is configured to be connected between the link capacitor and a battery; a switch network, which has a first switch and at least one second switch S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 or S7, the first switch is used to connect any one of the AC power input line and the neutral line of the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector, and the at least one second switch is used to selectively connect the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector or the link capacitor; and a controller, which is configured to operate the power factor corrector and the switch network based on the state of the AC input power received through the AC power input stage.

[0007] A first switch may be provided to the AC power input stage and may be turned on or off in response to a multi-phase state or a single-phase state of the AC input power. At least one second switch may further include a third switch disposed between the AC power input stage and the power factor corrector. The switch network may further include a fourth switch disposed between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor. The switch network may further include a fifth switch and a sixth switch disposed between the two ends of the link capacitor and between the two ends of the converter, respectively.

[0008] The converter may further include two switching elements connected in series, wherein a connection point of the two switching elements is connected to at least one branch of the power factor corrector, and a seventh switch arranged between the connection point and one end of the battery. The controller may be configured to convert the power factor corrector into a plurality of different types of converters by operating the power factor corrector, the switch network and the inverter, and may be configured to respond to the state of the AC input power. The state of the AC input power may include a multi-phase state and a single-phase state of the AC input power. The state of the AC input power may include a symmetrical power state and an asymmetrical power state of the AC input power.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a charging device for an electric vehicle may include: an alternating current (AC) power input stage, which is configured to receive at least one AC input power from single-phase AC power and multi-phase AC power; a power factor corrector, which has a single three-branch half-bridge circuit configured to receive the AC input power through the AC power input stage; a link capacitor, which is charged using the power factor corrector; a converter, which is configured to be connected between the link capacitor and a battery; a switch network, which has a first switch and at least one second switch, the first switch is used to connect any one of the AC power input line and the neutral line of the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector, and the at least one second switch is used to selectively connect the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector or the link capacitor; and a controller, which is configured to operate the power factor corrector and the switch network based on the state of the AC input power received through the AC power input stage. The switch network may further include a first switch provided to the AC power input stage and which may be turned on or off in response to a multi-phase state or a single-phase state of the AC input power; and a second switch disposed between the AC power input stage and the power factor corrector.

[0010] The switch network may further include a fourth switch disposed between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor. The switch network may further include a fifth switch and a sixth switch disposed between the two ends of the link capacitor and between the two ends of the converter, respectively. The converter may further include two switching elements connected in series, wherein a connection point of the two switching elements is connected to at least one branch of the power factor corrector, and a seventh switch disposed between the connection point and one end of the battery.

[0011] The controller may be configured to convert the power factor corrector into a plurality of different types of converters by operating the power factor corrector, the switch network, and the inverter, and may be configured to respond to the state of the AC input power. The state of the AC input power may include a multi-phase state and a single-phase state of the AC input power. The state of the AC input power may include a symmetrical power state and an asymmetrical power state of the AC input power.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a charging device for an electric vehicle may include: an alternating current (AC) power input stage, which is configured to receive at least one AC input power from single-phase AC power and multi-phase AC power; a power factor corrector, which has a single three-branch half-bridge circuit configured to receive the AC input power through the AC power input stage; a link capacitor, which is charged using the power factor corrector; a converter, which is configured to be connected between the link capacitor and a battery, and includes two switching elements connected in series, the connection point of the two switching elements is connected to at least one branch of the power factor corrector, and a seventh switch is arranged between the connection point and one end of the battery; a switch network, which has a first switch and at least one second switch, the first switch is used to connect any one of the AC power input line and the neutral line of the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector, and the at least one second switch is used to selectively connect the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector or the link capacitor; and a controller, which is configured to operate the power factor corrector and the switch network according to the state of the AC input power received through the AC power input stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] These and / or other aspects of the present invention will become apparent and more readily understood from the following description of exemplary embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0014] Figure 1 is a view showing an appearance of an electric vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an on-board charger (OBC) for an electric vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 is a view showing a configuration of an OBC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figures 4A-4C is a view showing various types of power supplies embedded in an OBC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 is a view showing a leakage current disconnection of an OBC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 is a view showing an on / off combination of a switch network coping with a 240V single-phase AC power source (EVSE) for North America or a 220V single-phase AC power source for Europe and Korea according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7is a view showing an on / off combination of a switch network coping with a 120V single-phase AC power supply (ICCB) for Europe according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 is a view showing an on / off combination of a switch network coping with a 380V three-phase AC power source (ICCB) for Europe according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Fig. 9 is a view showing a first modified embodiment of the OBC according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

[0023] Fig.10 is a view showing a second modified embodiment of the OBC according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be understood that the term "vehicle" or "vehicular" or other similar terms used herein generally include motor vehicles, such as passenger cars including sport utility vehicles (SUVs), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles, watercraft including various boats and ships, aircraft, etc., and include hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles, and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g., fuels derived from resources other than petroleum). As referred to herein, a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle having two or more sources of power, such as a vehicle having both gasoline power and electric power.

[0025] Although the exemplary embodiments are described as using multiple units to perform the exemplary processes, it is understood that the exemplary processes can also be performed by one or more modules. In addition, it is understood that the term controller / control unit refers to a hardware device including a memory and a processor. The memory is configured to store the modules and the processor is specifically configured to execute the modules in order to perform one or more processes described further below.

[0026] Furthermore, the control logic of the present invention may be implemented as a non-transitory computer readable medium on a computer readable medium containing executable program instructions executed by a processor, a controller / control unit, etc. Examples of computer readable media include, but are not limited to, ROM, RAM, compact disk (CD)-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash drive, smart card, and optical data storage device. The computer readable medium may also be distributed in a network coupled computer system so that the computer readable medium is stored and executed in a distributed manner, for example, by a telematics server or a controller area network (CAN).

[0027] The terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "including" and / or "including" used in this specification, when used in this specification, specify the existence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or their collections. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] Unless otherwise stated or apparent from the context, as used herein, the term "approximately" is understood to be within the normal tolerance range in the art, such as within 2 standard deviations of the mean. "Approximately" may be understood to be within 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, or 0.01% of the specified value. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, all numerical values ​​provided herein are modified by the term "approximately".

[0029] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

[0030] Figure 1 2 is a view showing the appearance of an electric vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 , the electric vehicle 100 may include a motor (not shown). Therefore, the electric vehicle 100 may further include a high-voltage battery 102, which is configured to store power for driving the motor. An auxiliary battery (not shown) may also be provided on one side of the engine compartment in a general internal combustion engine vehicle. However, the electric vehicle 100 requires a large high-capacity high-voltage battery 102, while an auxiliary battery is provided on one side of the engine compartment of a general internal combustion engine vehicle. In the electric vehicle 100 according to an exemplary embodiment, the high-voltage battery 102 may be installed in the lower space of the rear passenger seat. The power stored in the high-voltage battery 102 may be used to generate power for driving the motor. The high-voltage battery 102 according to an exemplary embodiment may be a lithium battery.

[0031] The electric vehicle 100 may include a charging socket 104. A charging connector 152 of an external slow charger 150 may be connected to the charging socket 104 to charge the high voltage battery 102 using electricity or power. In other words, when the charging connector 152 of the slow charger 150 is connected to the charging socket 104 of the electric vehicle 100, the high voltage battery 102 of the electric vehicle 100 may be charged by electricity or power.

[0032] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an on-board charger (OBC) for an electric vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 , the slow charger 150 may be used to charge the high voltage battery 102. The high voltage battery 102 may have a charging voltage of approximately 400V-800V. The slow charger 150 may be configured to supply AC power to the electric vehicle 100 without conversion. The AC power supplied by the slow charger 150 may be converted to a predetermined DC voltage by the electric vehicle 100.

[0033] An on-board charger (OBC) 202 installed in the electric vehicle 100 may be used to charge the high voltage battery 102. Specifically, the OBC 202 may be configured to convert the AC power supplied from the slow charger 150 into a DC voltage of approximately 800 V, and may be configured to charge the high voltage battery 102 using the DC voltage of approximately 800 V. The slow charger 150 may be configured to supply AC power to the electric vehicle 100 without conversion. The AC voltage supplied by the slow charger 150 may be converted into a DC voltage by the OBC 202, and may be used to charge the high voltage battery 102.

[0034] Reference again Figure 2 , the inverter (not shown) may be configured to convert the power of the high voltage battery 102 into electrical characteristics required by the motor and transmit the power to the motor. The motor may be configured to generate power by rotating with the power transmitted by the inverter. Figure 2 In the charging arrangement shown, the motor and inverter can be used to charge the high voltage battery 102 and the OBC 202 simultaneously as needed. The controller 210 can be configured to operate the OBC 202, the inverter, and the motor to charge the high voltage battery 102.

[0035] Figure 3 is a circuit block diagram showing an on-board charger (OBC) according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 , the OBC 202 may include an input 312 , a boost power factor corrector 314 , and a power relay assembly 316 .

[0036] In particular, the input 312 may be configured to receive AC power from an external AC power source. The input 312 may include five input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter 322, and a switch S1. The EMI filter 322 may remove noise included in the received AC power. The EMI filter 322 may be connected to the five input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G. In addition, AC power may be input from an external AC power source to the EMI filter 322 through the input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G. In particular, the input lines L1, L2, and L3 may be AC ​​power input lines, N is a neutral line, and G is a ground line.

[0037] Up to three-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 322 through the AC power input lines L1, L2, and L3 from among the five input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G. In other words, three-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 322 through all of the AC power input lines L1, L2, and L3. Alternatively, two-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 322 through the AC power input lines L1 and L2, or single-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 322 through the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N.

[0038] The switch S1 of the inputter 312 may connect any one of the AC power input line L2 and the neutral line N to the EMI filter 322. If the input AC power is three-phase AC power or two-phase AC power, the switch S1 may be operated to connect the AC power input line L2 to the EMI filter 322. If the input AC power is single-phase AC power, the switch S1 may be operated to connect the neutral line N to the EMI filter 322.

[0039] The boost power factor corrector 314 may include a 3-branch half-bridge circuit consisting of switching elements Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6. A first branch 342 disposed between the switching elements Q1 and Q4, a second branch 344 disposed between the switching elements Q2 and Q5, and a third branch 346 disposed between the switching elements Q3 and Q6 may be connected to the EMI filter 322. The first branch 342 may be configured to detect a phase current I1 of the half-bridge circuit transmitted from the EMI filter 322 to the boost power factor corrector 314. The second branch 344 may be configured to detect a phase current I2 of the half-bridge circuit transmitted from the EMI filter 322 to the boost power factor corrector 314. The third branch 346 may be configured to detect a phase current I3 of the half-bridge circuit transmitted from the EMI filter 322 to the boost power factor corrector 314. Each of the first branch to the third branch 342, 344, and 346 may include an inductor component.

[0040] The switch S2 may be arranged between the output terminal of the EMI filter 322 and the third branch 346 among the three branches 342, 344 and 346, and the third branch 346 is arranged between the switching elements Q3 and Q6. The switch S2 may be operated to be electrically connected between the third branch 346 of the 3-branch half-bridge circuit and the output terminal of the EMI filter 322. The third branch 346 of the 3-branch half-bridge circuit may also be electrically connected between the switching element Q7 of the converter 318 and the switching element Q8 of the converter 318. The switch S6 may be connected between the switching element Q7, the switching element Q8 and one end of the capacitor CY1. The boost power factor corrector 314 may include a capacitor C1, which is a power factor corrector (PFC) link capacitor. The capacitor C1 may be arranged between the ends of the half-bridge circuit.

[0041] Switches S4, S5 and S7 may be further included in the boost power factor corrector 314. Switch S4 may be disposed between the upper end of the half-bridge circuit and the positive (+) electrode of the capacitor C1, and may also be connected in parallel to the power factor correction element P1. The remaining two switches S5 and S7 may be disposed at the ends of the capacitor C1, respectively, and may electrically connect the boost power factor corrector 314 and the converter 318, which will be described later. In other words, the boost power factor corrector 314 may be electrically connected to the converter 318 via switches S5 and S7. The boost power factor corrector 314 may also be electrically connected to the end of the power relay assembly 316 via switches S4 and S5. Capacitors CY1 and CY2 may be connected in series to the converter 318, each of the capacitors CY1 and CY2 serving as an equivalent modeling capacitor Y. The node to which the capacitors CY1 and CY2 are interconnected may be grounded.

[0042] In the power relay assembly 316, two switches BS1 and BS2 and a single power factor element P2 may be provided between the capacitor CY1 and the positive (+) electrode of the high voltage battery 102. The switch BS1 and the power factor element P1 may be connected in series between the capacitor CY1 and the positive (+) electrode of the high voltage battery 102, and the switch BS2 may be connected in parallel with the series connection structure. The switch BS3 may be provided between the capacitor CY2 and the negative (-) electrode of the high voltage battery 102.

[0043] The plurality of switches S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, BS1, BS2, and BS3 included in the switch network of the OBC 202 may be provided by Figure 2The controller 210 shown in FIG. 1 is operated and can be turned on or off. According to the PFC link capacitor embodiment of the present invention, various types of AC power can be used to charge the high voltage battery 102 through various on / off combinations of multiple switches S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, BS1, BS2 and BS3 included in the switch network. Figures 4A-4C Describes various types of AC power. Can be executed by controller 210 Figure 3 The on and off operations of the switches S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, BS1, BS2, and BS3 shown in FIG. 1 and can also be performed by the controller 210 Figure 3 2 and 3 , and 4 , respectively, illustrate the on-operation and off-operation of the switching elements Q1 , Q2 , Q3 , Q4 , Q5 , Q6 , Q7 , and Q8 .

[0044] Figures 4A-4C 2 is a view showing various types of power supplies in which a PFC link capacitor embodiment according to the present invention is embedded in an OBC. Figure 4A is a view showing a two-phase symmetrical power supply. Figure 4A , a two-phase symmetrical power supply can allow the power supply voltage to be divided into two voltages 1 / 2Vac and -1 / 2Vac. Since the two voltages 1 / 2Vac and -1 / 2Vac can have opposite phases, the two voltages can be called a two-phase symmetrical power supply. Figure 4A The two-phase symmetrical power supply shown is used primarily in North America.

[0045] Figure 4B is a diagram showing a single-phase asymmetrical power supply. Figure 4B , a single-phase asymmetrical power supply may provide a power supply voltage formed in a single voltage (Vac) having a single phase. Since the single voltage (Vac) has a single phase, the single voltage (Vac) may be referred to as a single-phase asymmetrical power supply. Figure 4B The single-phase asymmetrical power supply shown in is mainly used in Korea, North America and Europe.

[0046] Figure 4C is a diagram showing a three-phase symmetrical power supply. Figure 4C , the three-phase asymmetric power supply can allow the power supply voltage to be divided into three voltages Va, Vb and Vc. Since the three voltages Va, Vb and Vc can have different phases, the three voltages can be called a three-phase asymmetric power supply. Figure 4C The three-phase asymmetrical power supply shown in is mainly used in Europe.

[0047] As described above, the type of AC power used varies according to the country, so that the OBC 202 according to the PFC link capacitor embodiment can respond to various types of AC power in various countries through the on / off combination of the switch network. For example, for a two-phase symmetrical power supply, a boost power factor corrector formed in a single-phase full-bridge inverter type is implemented to charge the high-voltage battery 102 with power. For a single-phase asymmetrical power supply, a boost power factor corrector formed in a single-phase full-bridge inverter type is implemented together with a buck converter, or a boost plus boost structure is implemented to charge the high-voltage battery 102 with power. For a three-phase symmetrical power supply, a three-branch boost power factor corrector is implemented together with a buck converter to charge the high-voltage battery 102.

[0048] Figure 5 is a view illustrating leakage current disconnection of an OBC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The converter 318 described in the above can disconnect the leakage current and realize multi-stage boost. Figure 5 As shown in , the AC input power received from the system power supply can be classified into a positive (+) polarity indicated by a single-dot-dash arrow and a negative (-) polarity indicated by a double-dot-dash arrow. The power of the positive (+) polarity indicated by the single-dot-dash arrow can be disconnected by disconnecting the switching element Q8, and the power of the negative (-) polarity indicated by the double-dot-dash arrow can be disconnected by disconnecting the switching elements Q7 and Q8. As described above, the leakage current can be disconnected by the switching elements Q7 and Q8 and the switch S6 of the converter 318. In addition, the multi-stage boost can be increased by the switching elements Q7 and Q8.

[0049] Figures 6 to 8 is a diagram showing on / off combinations of a switching network that copes with various types of AC power supplies to be used in various countries. Figure 6 : is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switch network that copes with a 240V single-phase AC power source (EVSE) for North America or a 220V single-phase AC power source for Europe and Korea. Figure 6 , the on / off combinations of the corresponding switches S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, BS1, BS2 and BS3 for the switching network are shown below.

[0050] S1: On, S2: Off, S4: On, S5: Off, S6: Off, S7: On

[0051] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0052] The switch S1 may be turned on and the neutral line N may be connected to the EMI filter 322 to allow single-phase symmetrical AC power to be input to the electric vehicle through the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N. All switches S2 and S6 may be turned on to connect the third branch 346 of the boost power factor corrector 314 to the node between the switching element Q7 and the switching element Q8. In addition, the switching elements Q1, Q3, and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 314 may be turned on.

[0053] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment, when switch S5 is turned on and switch S6 is turned off, a single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector can be realized. On the contrary, when switch S5 is turned off and switch S6 is turned on, only a single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector can be realized. By the on / off combination of the above switch network, Figure 6 The path indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG. 1 charges the capacitor C1. The charging voltage of the capacitor C1 can be along Figure 6 The path indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. 1 charges the high voltage battery 102 through the boost power factor corrector 314 and the converter 318. By the on / off combination of the above-mentioned switch network, the result can be responsive to a 240V single-phase AC power source (EVSE) for North America or a 220V single-phase AC power source for Europe and Korea.

[0054] Figure 7 : is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switch network for a 120V single-phase AC power supply (ICCB) for Europe. The ICCB is a home charger (e.g., a vehicle-mounted control box) for charging electric vehicles. Figure 7 , the on / off combinations of the corresponding switches S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, BS1, BS2 and BS3 for the switching network are shown below.

[0055] S1: On, S2: Off, S4: On, S5: Off, S6: On, S7: On

[0056] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0057] The switch S1 may be turned on and the neutral line N may be connected to the EMI filter 322 to allow single-phase symmetrical AC power to be input to the electric vehicle through the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N. The switch S2 may be turned off and the switch S6 may be turned on. As a result, the third branch 346 of the boost power factor corrector 314 may be connected to a node between the switching element Q7 and the switching element Q8 and may be connected to the positive (+) electrode of the high-voltage battery 102 through the switch S6. In addition, the switching elements Q1, Q3, and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 314 may be turned on.

[0058] exist Figure 7 In the embodiment, when switch S5 is turned on and switch S6 is turned off, a single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector and a half-bridge buck converter can be realized. On the contrary, when switches S5 and S6 are turned off, only a single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector can be realized. Figure 7 The path indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG. 1 charges the capacitor C1. The charging voltage of the capacitor C1 can be along Figure 7 The path indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. 1 charges the high voltage battery 102 through the boost power factor corrector 314 and the converter 318. Since the single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector and the half-bridge buck converter mode are implemented by the on / off combination of the above-mentioned switch network, the implementation result can respond to the 120V single-phase AC power supply (ICCB) used in Europe.

[0059] Figure 8 1 is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switch network for a 380V three-phase AC power supply (ICCB) for Europe. Figure 8 , the on / off combinations of the corresponding switches S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, BS1, BS2 and BS3 for use in the switching network are shown below.

[0060] S1: Off, S2: Off, S4: On, S5: Off, S6: Off, S7: On

[0061] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0062] The switch S1 may be disconnected and the AC power input line L2 may be connected to the EMI filter 322 to allow three-phase AC power to be input to the electric vehicle through the AC power input lines L1 and L2 and the neutral line N. All switches S2 and S6 may be disconnected. As a result, the third branch 346 of the boost power factor corrector 314 may be connected to a node between the switching element Q7 and the switching element Q8. In addition, the switching elements Q1, Q3, and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 314 may be turned on.

[0063] exist Figure 8 In the embodiment, when switch S2 is turned on, a two-phase boost power factor corrector and a half-bridge buck converter can be realized. When switch S2 is turned off, a two-phase boost power factor corrector and a three-branch boost power factor corrector can be realized. By combining the on / off of the above switch network, Figure 8 The path indicated by the dotted arrow in FIG. 1 charges the capacitor C1. The charging voltage of the capacitor C1 can be along Figure 8The path indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. charges the high voltage battery 102 through the boost power factor corrector 314 and the converter 318. Since the single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector and the half-bridge buck converter mode are implemented by the on / off combination of the above-mentioned switch network, the implementation result can respond to the 380V three-phase AC power supply used in Europe. Figure 8 In the charging device shown, when the switch S5 is turned on, it can be operated as a three-phase boost circuit.

[0064] Fig. 9 is a view showing a first modified embodiment of the OBC according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 The OBC 202A of the first modified embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is dedicated to a single-phase AC power supply. The OBC 202A may include a single-phase AC power input line L1, a neutral line N, and a ground line G, and may omit the Figure 3 Therefore, only single-phase AC power can be input through the AC power input line L1, the neutral line N and the ground line G. In particular, the Figure 3 When the slow charger 150 supplies only single-phase AC power, the structure can be realized more compactly and can be configured as follows: Fig. 9 The OBC 202A shown simplifies the structure.

[0065] Fig.10 is a view showing a second modified embodiment of the OBC according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 The OBC 202B of the second modified embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has a structure for coping with a three-phase AC power supply, and has a structure that can be specifically applied when multi-stage boosting is not necessary. Therefore, Fig.10 OBC 202B can be omitted Figure 3 In other words, of the switching elements Q7 and Q8, only the switching element Q7 can be connected between one end of the capacitor C2 and the third branch 346. When only three-phase AC power is supplied to the slow charger 150, and in particular, multi-stage boosting is not required, the structure can be realized more compactly, and by configuring as Fig.10 The OBC 202B shown further simplifies the structure.

[0066] As is apparent from the above description, the charging device for an electric vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a simplified structure with a reduced size, and charges a battery of an electric vehicle while receiving various types of power sources.

[0067] It will be understood that the above description is only an illustration of the technical concept, and various modifications, changes and substitutions may be made without departing from the basic features of the present invention. Therefore, the above exemplary embodiments and drawings are intended to illustrate rather than limit the technical concept, and the scope of the technical concept is not limited by these embodiments and drawings. The scope of the technical concept should be interpreted according to the attached claims, and all technical concepts within its scope should be interpreted as included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A charging device for an electric vehicle, comprising: an alternating current (AC) power input stage configured to receive at least one AC input power from among single-phase AC power and multi-phase AC power; a power factor corrector having a single three-branch half-bridge circuit configured to receive the AC input power through the AC power input stage; a link capacitor charged by the power factor corrector; a converter configured to be connected between the link capacitor and a battery; a switch network having a first switch and at least one second switch, the first switch being used to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line of the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector, and the at least one second switch being used to switch between a state in which the AC power input stage is connected to the power factor corrector and a state in which the AC power input stage is connected to the link capacitor; as well as a controller configured to operate the power factor corrector and the switching network based on a state of the AC input power received through the AC power input stage, The switch network further comprises: a fourth switch arranged between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor, and Wherein, the converter further comprises: two switching elements connected in series, wherein a connection point of the two switching elements is connected to at least one branch of the power factor corrector; and A seventh switch is provided between the connection point and an end of the battery. 2 . The charging device according to claim 1 , wherein the first switch is provided to the AC power input stage, and is turned on or off in response to a multi-phase state or a single-phase state of the AC input power.

3. The charging device according to claim 2, wherein the at least one second switch further comprises: A third switch is disposed between the AC power input stage and the power factor corrector.

4. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the switch network further comprises: A fifth switch and a sixth switch are respectively disposed between both ends of the link capacitor and between both ends of the converter.

5. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to convert the power factor corrector into a plurality of different types of converters through operation of the power factor corrector, the switch network, and is configured to respond to a state of the AC input power. 6 . The charging device of claim 1 , wherein the state of the AC input power includes a multi-phase state and a single-phase state of the AC input power. 7 . The charging device according to claim 1 , wherein the state of the AC input power comprises a symmetric power state and an asymmetric power state of the AC input power.

8. A charging device for an electric vehicle, comprising: an alternating current (AC) power input stage configured to receive at least one AC input power from among single-phase AC power and multi-phase AC power; a power factor corrector having a single three-branch half-bridge circuit configured to receive the AC input power through the AC power input stage; a link capacitor charged by the power factor corrector; a converter configured to be connected between the link capacitor and a battery; a switch network having a first switch and at least one second switch, the first switch being used to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line of the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector, and the at least one second switch being used to switch between a state in which the AC power input stage is connected to the power factor corrector and a state in which the AC power input stage is connected to the link capacitor; as well as a controller configured to operate the power factor corrector and the switching network based on a state of the AC input power received through the AC power input stage, The switch network further comprises: the first switch, which is provided to the AC power input stage and is turned on or off in response to a multi-phase state or a single-phase state of the AC input power; and the second switch, which is disposed between the AC power input stage and the power factor corrector, Wherein, the converter further comprises: two switching elements connected in series, wherein a connection point of the two switching elements is connected to at least one branch of the power factor corrector; and A seventh switch is provided between the connection point and an end of the battery.

9. The charging device according to claim 8, wherein the switch network further comprises: A fourth switch is disposed between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor.

10. The charging device according to claim 9, wherein the switch network further comprises: A fifth switch and a sixth switch are respectively disposed between both ends of the link capacitor and between both ends of the converter.

11. The charging device of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to convert the power factor corrector into a plurality of different types of converters through operation of the power factor corrector, the switch network, and is configured to respond to a state of the AC input power. 12 . The charging device of claim 8 , wherein the state of the AC input power comprises a multi-phase state and a single-phase state of the AC input power. 13 . The charging device of claim 8 , wherein the state of the AC input power comprises a symmetric power state and an asymmetric power state of the AC input power.

14. A charging device for an electric vehicle, comprising: an alternating current (AC) power input stage configured to receive at least one AC input power from among single-phase AC power and multi-phase AC power; a power factor corrector having a single three-branch half-bridge circuit configured to receive the AC input power through the AC power input stage; a link capacitor charged by the power factor corrector; A converter configured to be connected between the link capacitor and a battery, and comprising: two switching elements connected in series, wherein a connection point of the two switching elements is connected to at least one branch of the power factor corrector, and a seventh switch disposed between the connection point and an end of the battery; a switch network having a first switch and at least one second switch, the first switch being used to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line of the AC power input stage to the power factor corrector, and the at least one second switch being used to switch between a state in which the AC power input stage is connected to the power factor corrector and a state in which the AC power input stage is connected to the link capacitor; and A controller is configured to operate the power factor corrector and the switching network based on a state of the AC input power received through the AC power input stage.

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