Laser welding protective gas nozzle structure and welding device

Abstract

The present invention provides a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure and a welding device, belonging to the field of laser welding technology, including a nozzle body, and a first channel for a laser beam and shielding gas to pass through is provided inside the nozzle body, the nozzle body includes a first connection structure and a second connection structure connected in sequence, and a first gas outlet is provided on the first connection structure, and a plurality of second gas outlets are provided on the second connection structure, and the plurality of second gas outlets are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first gas outlet. Compared with the prior art, the laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure and the welding device of the present invention are provided with a plurality of gas outlets, which expands the protection range of the shielding gas, and at the same time, the plurality of second gas outlets are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first gas outlet, thereby avoiding yellowing or blackening of the weld spot during laser welding, and ensuring the welding effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure and a welding device. Background Art

[0002] The laser welding process has certain requirements for the welding effect of the weld, generally requiring the weld to be fish scale pattern and the weld spot to be silvery white. In the prior art, when welding without a shielding gas, the weld spot turns yellow or black, and requires post-weld treatment to meet the requirements, and the process is complicated; when welding with a shielding gas, the weld spot still turns yellow or black due to the small protection range, especially when welding irregular welds, the welding effect is obviously poor. Summary of the invention

[0003] The problem solved by the present invention is that the welding effect of the laser welding weld in the prior art is poor.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure, including a nozzle body, and a first channel for passing the laser beam and shielding gas is provided inside the nozzle body, the nozzle body includes a first connecting structure and a second connecting structure connected in sequence, and a first gas outlet is arranged on the first connecting structure, and a plurality of second gas outlets are arranged on the second connecting structure, and the plurality of second gas outlets are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first gas outlet.

[0005] Therefore, multiple air outlets are set to expand the protection range of the shielding gas. At the same time, multiple second air outlets are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first air outlet, thereby avoiding yellowing or blackening of the weld spot during laser welding and ensuring the welding effect.

[0006] Optionally, the first connection structure is a cylindrical structure, the second connection structure is a conical structure with openings at both ends, and the diameter of the end surface of the second connection structure close to the first connection structure is larger than the diameter of the end surface of the first connection structure.

[0007] Therefore, the interference between the fixture of the tooling and the gas nozzle structure is avoided, and the welding device can effectively avoid the workpiece to be welded on the weld track.

[0008] Optionally, the air nozzle body further includes a third connecting structure, wherein the third connecting structure is arranged between the first connecting structure and the second connecting structure, and a third air outlet is arranged on the third connecting structure.

[0009] Thereby, the outlet range of the protective gas is expanded.

[0010] Optionally, a first end of the second air outlet away from the first channel is connected to a second end of the third air outlet away from the first channel.

[0011] As a result, the outflowing protective airflow is connected to avoid air mixing and poor protective effect. This prevents the welding spot from turning yellow or black during laser welding and ensures the welding effect.

[0012] Optionally, the cross section of the second end is circular, and the diameter of the cross section of the second end is in the range of 1.5-2 mm.

[0013] Therefore, controlling the gas outlet is more conducive to laser welding. If the third gas outlet is too large, too much shielding gas will flow out, resulting in a waste of resources. If the third gas outlet is too small, the shielding gas flow rate is insufficient and the welding effect is poor.

[0014] Optionally, the third air outlets include at least two, and the third air outlets are evenly distributed on the third connecting structure along the circumferential direction.

[0015] This ensures uniform gas discharge and prevents local welding spots from turning yellow or black.

[0016] Optionally, the cross-section of the first end is rectangular, and the width of the cross-section of the first end is in the range of 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0017] This allows for better drainage and air release.

[0018] Optionally, the length of the cross section of the first end is 2-5 times the diameter of the cross section of the second end.

[0019] In this way, drainage and gas discharge can be better performed, thereby expanding the protection range of the protective gas.

[0020] Optionally, the third connection structure is a conical structure with openings at both ends, and a diameter of an end surface of the third connection structure close to the second connection structure is larger than a diameter of an end surface of the third connection structure close to the first connection structure.

[0021] Therefore, the interference between the fixture of the tooling and the gas nozzle structure is avoided, and the welding device can effectively avoid the workpiece to be welded on the weld track.

[0022] Optionally, the third connection structure further includes a connection bevel, which is connected to an end surface of the third connection structure close to the second connection structure and an end surface of the third connection structure close to the first connection structure, and the connection bevel has an angle with the end surface of the third connection structure close to the first connection structure.

[0023] As a result, the gas exhaust effect is improved, the protection range of the shielding gas is expanded, and the welding effect is improved.

[0024] Optionally, the angle range includes 15°-30°.

[0025] As a result, the gas exhaust effect is improved, the protection range of the shielding gas is expanded, and the welding effect is improved.

[0026] Therefore, the advantage of the laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure described in the present invention over the prior art is that multiple gas outlets are provided to expand the protection range of the shielding gas. At the same time, multiple second gas outlets are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first gas outlet, thereby avoiding yellowing or blackening of the weld spot during laser welding and ensuring the welding effect.

[0027] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a laser welding device, including the above laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure.

[0028] The advantages of the laser welding device provided by the present invention over the prior art are the same as the advantages of the above-mentioned laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure over the prior art, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of the laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a front view of a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is an internal cross-sectional view of a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 A bottom view of a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A top view of a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a laser welding device in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1-fourth connecting structure, 2-second connecting structure, 21-second air outlet, 3-third connecting structure, 31-third air outlet, 4-first connecting structure, 41-first air outlet, 5-outer shell, 51-air inlet, 52-lens, 6-parts to be welded, 61-weld. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the positive direction of "X" in the drawings represents the right, the reverse direction of "X" represents the left, the positive direction of "Y" represents the top, the reverse direction of "Y" represents the bottom, the positive direction of "Z" represents the front, and the reverse direction of "Z" represents the back, and the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "X", "Y", "Z", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings of the specification, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. The description of the term "some specific embodiments" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same implementation or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0041] like Figure 1-2As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure, including a nozzle body, and a first channel for a laser beam and shielding gas to pass through is provided inside the nozzle body, including a nozzle body, and a first channel for a laser beam and shielding gas to pass through is provided inside the nozzle body, the nozzle body includes a first connection structure 4 and a second connection structure 2 connected sequentially from bottom to top, and a first gas outlet 41 connected to the first channel is provided on the first connection structure 4, and a second gas outlet 21 connected to the first channel is provided on the second connection structure 2, and a plurality of second gas outlets 21 are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first gas outlet 41. This embodiment does not specifically limit the connection method of the first connection structure 4 and the second connection structure 2, which can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. In some preferred embodiments, the connection method of the first connection structure 4 and the second connection structure 2 is welding, and the connection method is simple and the connection is firm.

[0042] Therefore, multiple air outlets are set to expand the protection range of the shielding gas. At the same time, multiple second air outlets 21 are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first air outlet 41, thereby avoiding yellowing or blackening of the weld spot during laser welding and ensuring the welding effect.

[0043] Preferably, the first connecting structure 4 is a cylindrical structure, the second connecting structure 2 is a conical structure with openings at both ends, and the diameter of the end face of the second connecting structure 2 close to the first connecting structure 4 is larger than the diameter of the end face of the first connecting structure 4. The structure is simple and convenient for gas outlet. The height range of the first connecting structure 4 is 2-3 mm, which is convenient for laser welding. In some specific embodiments, the height of the first connecting structure 4 is 2 mm, and the welding effect is good. It should be noted here that the height direction of the first connecting structure 4 is the positive or reverse direction of Y.

[0044] like Figure 3-7 In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the gas nozzle body further includes a third connection structure 3, the third connection structure 3 is arranged between the first connection structure 4 and the second connection structure 2, and a third gas outlet 31 is arranged on the third connection structure 3. Thus, the gas outlet range of the protective gas is expanded.

[0045] Preferably, the third connection structure 3 further includes a connection bevel, which is connected to the end surface of the third connection structure 3 close to the second connection structure 2 and the end surface of the third connection structure 3 close to the first connection structure 4, and the connection bevel and the end surface of the third connection structure 3 close to the first connection structure 4 have an angle. The angle range includes 15°-30°, and in some specific embodiments, the angle is 20°, so that the gas outlet effect is good, the protection range of the shielding gas is expanded, and the welding effect is good.

[0046] Preferably, the third gas outlets 31 include at least two, and the third gas outlets 31 are evenly distributed on the third connection structure 3, so that the gas outlet is uniform and the yellowing or blackening of the local welding spot is avoided. In this embodiment, there is no specific limitation on the number of the third gas outlets 31. In some specific embodiments, the number of the third gas outlets 31 is 8, which has a good gas outlet effect and can provide better protection.

[0047] Preferably, each third air outlet 31 corresponds to a second air outlet 21, and the second air outlet 21 includes a first end arranged away from the first channel and a third end close to the first channel, the third air outlet 31 includes a second end arranged away from the first channel and a fourth end close to the first channel, and the first end is connected to the second end, so that the protective air flow flowing out through the first end and the second end is connected into one piece, avoiding air mixing and poor protection effect, thereby avoiding yellowing or blackening of the weld spot during laser welding and ensuring the welding effect.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, preferably, the cross-section of the second end is circular, and the cross-section of the second end is Figure 1 The third air outlet 31 is a plane cut along the plane where the third connection structure is located, that is, the plane cut in the Z direction, and has a simple structure, and the diameter range of the cross section of the second end is 1.5-2mm. Controlling the air outlet is more conducive to laser welding. If the third air outlet 31 is too large, more shielding gas will flow out, resulting in waste of resources. If the third air outlet 31 is too small, the shielding gas flow is insufficient, and the welding effect is not good. In some specific embodiments, the diameter C2 of the cross section of the second end is 1.5mm. Under the premise of ensuring sufficient shielding gas outflow, it not only ensures the welding effect, but also reduces the cost and avoids waste of resources.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the cross-section of the first end is rectangular, and the cross-section of the first end is Figure 1 The second air outlet 21 is cut along the Y direction in the figure, and the width D1 of the cross section at the first end is in the range of 0.8-1.2 mm. It should be noted here that the width direction of the cross section at the first end is Figure 1 In some specific embodiments, the width D1 of the cross section of the first end is 1 mm. Under the premise of ensuring sufficient shielding gas outflow, the second gas outlet 21 is guided to ensure the welding effect, reduce costs and avoid waste of resources.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, preferably, the length D2 of the cross section at the first end is 2-5 times the diameter C2 of the cross section at the second end. It should be noted here that the length direction of the cross section at the first end is Figure 1In some specific embodiments, the length D2 of the cross section of the first end is 3 times the diameter C2 of the cross section of the second end, which can better guide and exhaust gas and expand the protection range of the shielding gas.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, preferably, in this embodiment, the first gas outlet 41 is a circular hole, and the diameter C1 of the first gas outlet 41 ranges from 5 to 8 mm, which is convenient for laser emission and outflow of shielding gas and enhances welding effect. In some specific embodiments, the diameter C1 of the first gas outlet 41 is 6 mm, and the welding effect is good.

[0052] Preferably, the air nozzle body also includes a fourth connecting structure 1, which is connected to the second connecting structure 2, so that the fourth connecting structure 1, the second connecting structure 2, the third connecting structure 3 and the first connecting structure 4 are connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the fourth connecting structure 1 forms the air inlet end of the first channel, and the first connecting structure 4 is arranged to form the air outlet end of the first channel. The diameter of the air inlet end is larger than the diameter of the air outlet end, which is convenient for laser focusing and good welding effect. The fourth connecting structure 1 is a cylindrical structure with a simple structure, which is convenient for connection with a welding device, and the diameter of the fourth connecting structure 1 is equal to the diameter of the end face of the fourth connecting structure 1 close to the second connecting structure 2.

[0053] Preferably, the diameter of the end face of the second connection structure 2 close to the fourth connection structure 1 is larger than the diameter of the end face of the second connection structure 2 close to the third connection structure 3. This avoids interference between the fixture and the present gas nozzle structure, and enables the welding device to effectively avoid the workpiece 6 on the track of the weld 61.

[0054] Preferably, it should be noted here that the end face of the second connecting structure 2 away from the fourth connecting structure 1 and the end face of the third connecting structure 3 close to the second connecting structure 2 are the same end face, and the end face of the third connecting structure 3 away from the second connecting structure 2 and the end face of the third connecting structure 3 close to the first connecting structure 4 are the same end face.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, preferably, the wall thickness D3 of the air nozzle body in this embodiment is in the range of 1-1.5 mm. In this embodiment, the wall thickness of the air nozzle body includes the wall thickness of the fourth connection structure 1 or the second connection structure 2 or the third connection structure 3 or the first connection structure 4. While not affecting the structural strength of the air nozzle, raw materials are saved. In some specific embodiments, the wall thickness of the air nozzle body is 1 mm, which has high strength and reduces cost.

[0056] Therefore, the advantage of the laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure described in the embodiment of the present invention over the prior art is that multiple gas outlets are provided to expand the protection range of the shielding gas. At the same time, multiple second gas outlets 21 are used to make the shielding gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape to protect the laser beam ejected from the first gas outlet 41, thereby avoiding yellowing or blackening of the weld spot during laser welding and ensuring the welding effect.

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another embodiment of the present invention provides a laser welding device, including an outer shell 5 and the above-mentioned laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure, and the outer shell 5 is detachably connected to the nozzle structure through a fourth connecting structure 1. In this embodiment, the connection method between the fourth connecting structure 1 and the outer shell 5 is not specifically limited. In some preferred embodiments, the fourth connecting structure 1 is threadedly connected to the outer shell 5, and the connection is convenient and firm.

[0058] A second channel connected to the first channel is arranged inside the outer shell 5, and a lens 52 is arranged at the upper end of the outer shell 5, and an air inlet 51 is arranged at the right end of the outer shell 5 for conveying shielding gas. When the laser passes through the lens 52 and is emitted to the surface of the weld 61 of the workpiece 6 to be welded along the second channel and the first channel in sequence, the shielding gas enters the second channel along the first channel through the air inlet 51, and diffuses around the weld 61 along the second air outlet 21, the third air outlet 31 and the first air outlet 41, respectively, thereby expanding the protection range of the shielding gas, and the second air outlet 21 is connected to the third air outlet 31, so that the outflowing shielding gas flow is connected to avoid air mixing and poor protection effect, thereby avoiding yellowing or blackening of the weld spot during laser welding and ensuring the welding effect.

[0059] Other advantages of the laser welding device provided in this embodiment over the prior art are the same as the advantages of the above-mentioned laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure over the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a nozzle body, wherein a first passage for passing a laser beam and a protective gas is provided inside the nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body comprises a first connecting structure (4) and a second connecting structure (2) connected in sequence, wherein a first gas outlet (41) is provided on the first connecting structure (4), and a plurality of second gas outlets (21) are provided on the second connecting structure (2), and the plurality of second gas outlets (21) are used to make the protective gas scatter outward in an umbrella shape so as to protect the laser beam ejected from the first gas outlet (41); the first connecting structure (4) is a cylindrical structure, the second connecting structure (2) is a conical structure with openings at both ends, and the diameter of the end face of the second connecting structure (2) close to the first connecting structure (4) is larger than the diameter of the end face of the first connecting structure (4); the nozzle body further comprises a third connecting structure (3), wherein the third connecting structure (3) is provided between the first connecting structure (4) and the second connecting structure (2), and a third gas outlet (31) is provided on the third connecting structure (3).

2. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first end of the second air outlet (21) away from the first channel is connected to a second end of the third air outlet (31) away from the first channel.

3. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the second end is circular, and the diameter of the cross section of the second end is in the range of 1.5-2 mm.

4. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third air outlets (31) include at least two, and the third air outlets (31) are evenly distributed on the third connection structure (3) along the circumferential direction.

5. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the first end is rectangular, and the width of the cross section of the first end is in the range of 0.8-1.2 mm.

6. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the cross section of the first end is 2-5 times the diameter of the cross section of the second end.

7. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third connection structure (3) is a conical structure with openings at both ends, and the diameter of the end surface of the third connection structure (3) close to the second connection structure (2) is larger than the diameter of the end surface of the third connection structure (3) close to the first connection structure (4).

8. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third connecting structure (3) further comprises a connecting bevel, wherein the connecting bevel is connected between an end surface of the third connecting structure (3) close to the second connecting structure (2) and an end surface of the third connecting structure (3) close to the first connecting structure (4), and the connecting bevel and the end surface of the third connecting structure (3) close to the first connecting structure (4) form an angle.

9. The laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle ranges from 15° to 30°.

10. A laser welding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the laser welding shielding gas nozzle structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images