A vibrating air-suction type automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vibrating air-suction type automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings, comprising a frame, a seedling box and an air-suction type conveyor belt device, wherein a vibrator is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seedling box; the air-suction type conveyor belt device comprises a conveyor belt located below a discharge port of the seedling box and a first driving device driving the conveyor belt to rotate, the outer side surface of the conveyor belt is provided with seedling grooves distributed along the circumferential direction and extending along the width direction, and air holes are opened in the seedling grooves; the frame is also rotatably connected with a brush roller extending along the width direction, the brush roller is located in front of the discharge port of the seedling box and contacts with the groove top of the seedling groove; the bottom surface of the upper belt of the conveyor belt is closely attached to an air chamber located below the brush roller, the air chamber is connected with the air holes in the seedling groove, and the air chamber is connected to a suction fan through a pipeline. The present invention adopts a vibration and air-suction method to separate bundles of bare sweet potato seedlings, saving labor costs, and the air suction method is relatively gentle, causing less damage to the potato seedlings, while having a better seedling separation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to sweet potato seedling separation equipment, in particular to a vibration air suction type sweet potato bare seedling automatic seedling separation device. Background Art

[0002] Sweet potato planting generally involves inserting a single bare sweet potato seedling into the sweet potato ridge. At present, sweet potato planting has been mechanized, and the existing sweet potato transplanter can replace manpower for planting. However, the purchased bundles of bare sweet potato seedlings still need to be separated one by one manually, which is slow and has a relatively high labor cost. At present, there is no automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings on the market. If this design is combined with the existing sweet potato transplanter, the whole process of sweet potato planting can be mechanized, greatly reducing labor costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem that sweet potato planting still needs to be done manually, the present invention provides a vibrating air-suction type bare sweet potato seedling automatic seedling sorting device, which adopts a conveyor belt with seedling troughs to separate and transport the bare sweet potato seedlings one by one, and adopts a seedling picking device with seedling picking teeth to pick the seedlings, which can directly replace manual seedling sorting, realize the mechanization of the whole process of sweet potato planting, and save labor costs.

[0004] The present invention is realized by the following technical scheme, providing a vibrating air-suction type sweet potato bare seedling automatic seedling separation device, comprising a frame, and a seedling box and an air-suction type conveyor belt device installed on the frame, wherein a vibrator is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the seedling box;

[0005] The air suction conveyor belt device comprises a conveyor belt for seedlings located below the seedling box discharge port and a first driving device for driving the conveyor belt for seedlings to rotate, the outer side surface of the conveyor belt for seedlings is provided with seedling grooves distributed along the circumferential direction and extending along the width direction, and air holes are opened in the seedling grooves;

[0006] The frame is also rotatably connected to a brush roller extending in the width direction, the brush roller is located in front of the seedling box discharge port and contacts the top of the seedling trough;

[0007] The bottom surface of the upper belt of the seedling conveying belt is closely attached to an air chamber located below the brush roller, the air chamber is communicated with the air holes in the seedling groove, and the air chamber is connected with the suction fan through a pipeline.

[0008] This scheme provides a vibrator to apply appropriate vibration excitation to the seedling box, thereby vibrating the bundles of bare sweet potato seedlings to facilitate the bare sweet potato seedlings to slide dispersedly onto the seedling conveyor belt, and exhausting the air chamber through a suction fan to create a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the air chamber, thereby generating suction on the sweet potato seedlings at the pores, and adsorbing the bare sweet potato seedlings into the seedling trough; the rotation of the brush roller blocks the sweet potato seedlings outside the seedling trough and the bare sweet potato seedlings in the seedling box, so that there are no other messy bare sweet potato seedlings in the seedling trough on the seedling conveyor belt, thereby ensuring clean and orderly seedling separation.

[0009] As an optimization, a seedling picking device is provided at the discharge end of the seedling conveyor belt, and the seedling picking device includes a seedling picking drum with an air cavity inside, a hollow shaft axially passing through the air cavity and fixed to the frame, and a second driving device driving the seedling picking drum to rotate at a speed corresponding to the seedling conveyor belt. The two ends of the seedling picking drum are connected to the hollow shaft through bearings, a through hole is provided on the wall of the hollow shaft, and one end of the hollow shaft is connected to a suction fan; the outer arc surface of the seedling picking drum is provided with a seedling picking tooth groove corresponding to the seedling groove, and an air hole connected to the air cavity is provided in the seedling picking tooth groove. This optimization scheme uses a suction fan to suck air into the air cavity, so that there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the air cavity. When the second driving device drives the seedling picking drum to rotate, when the seedling picking tooth groove and the seedling groove on the seedling conveyor belt are engaged with each other, under the action of the pressure difference, the sweet potato bare seedlings will be sucked by the seedling picking tooth groove of the seedling picking drum and rotate with it, thereby realizing the removal of seedlings from the seedling conveyor belt.

[0010] As an optimization, an arc-shaped baffle fixedly connected to the hollow shaft is further provided in the air cavity, and the arc-shaped baffle is attached to the inner side of the air cavity. In this optimization scheme, by providing the arc-shaped baffle, when the seedling drum rotates to a certain angle, the arc-shaped baffle in the seedling drum blocks the air holes in the seedling tooth grooves, loses the suction force on the sweet potato bare seedlings, and causes the sweet potato bare seedlings to fall under their own weight, further reducing the labor intensity of the workers.

[0011] As an optimization, the central angle of the arc baffle is 120°, and a pin extending upward is fixed to the arc baffle, and a collar fixed to the upper end of the pin is fixed to the hollow shaft. The arc baffle fixing method of this optimization scheme is simple, and it is convenient to rotate the angle of the arc baffle according to the requirements of seedling dropping, and it has better adaptability.

[0012] As an optimization, the first driving device includes a driven roller located at the discharging end of the seedling conveyor belt and an active roller located at the feeding end of the seedling conveyor belt, the active roller is connected to the first stepper motor, and the active roller is connected to the brush roller through a belt transmission. This optimization scheme adopts a two-roller type to install the seedling conveyor belt, making the conveying process more stable. Through the belt transmission of the active roller and the brush roller, the brush roller and the seedling conveyor belt rotate synchronously and oppositely, further improving the seedling blocking effect of the brush roller.

[0013] As an optimization, the frame is fixed with vertical plates located on both sides of the seedling conveyor belt, and the vertical plates are provided with long holes extending vertically. A tensioning roller in contact with the bottom surface of the upper belt of the seedling conveyor belt is provided between the two vertical plates, and both ends of the tensioning roller pass through the long holes and are fixed by bolts. This optimization scheme fixes the tensioning roller by bolts, and the tensioning roller can be moved up and down when the bolts are loosened to adjust the tensioning force on the seedling conveyor belt, thereby improving the reliability of seedling delivery.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the bundled sweet potato seedlings are separated by vibration and air suction, which saves labor costs; the air suction method is relatively gentle, causes less damage to the seedlings, and has a better seedling separation effect; the vibration excitation of the vibration motor can effectively disperse the sweet potato seedlings, and the dispersion effect is good; and by arranging an arc-shaped baffle in the seedling removal drum, the sweet potato seedlings can be accurately dropped at a fixed position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the patent of this invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is the main view of the patent of this invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a top view of the patent of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is the overall structural diagram of the seedling taking device;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the seedling drum;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the air chamber structure;

[0021] As shown in the figure:

[0022] 1. Frame, 2. Air suction conveyor belt device, 3. Seedling box, 4. Vibrator, 5. Brush roller, 6. Air chamber, 7. Seedling removal device, 8. Suction fan, 9. First stepper motor, 10. Second stepper motor, 11. Bearing seat, 12. Vertical plate, 13. Tensioning roller, 14. Seedling box bracket, 15. Air chamber support, 17. Seedling removal roller, 19. Support wheel, 20. Bearing, 21. Arc baffle, 22. Hollow shaft, 23. Ring, 24. Pin, 25. Three-phase asynchronous AC motor, 26. Second pipeline, 27. First pipeline, 28. Fan interface, 29. Brush roller shaft, 30. Driven roller, 31. Brush roller shaft pulley, 32. Conveyor belt shaft pulley, 33. Seedling removal roller pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods. The electronic components used in the present invention can be purchased commercially, and the conveyor belt device, seedling removal device and seedling box used can be made according to the existing technology.

[0024] like Figure 1A vibrating air-suction type automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings is shown, comprising a frame 1, a seedling box 3 and an air-suction conveyor belt device 2 mounted on the frame, the seedling box is tilted and the discharge port is located in front of the feed port, the present embodiment takes the seedling delivery direction of the conveyor belt as the front, the inclination angle of the seedling box is 30° with the horizontal plane, and a gentle slope structure is designed, a vibrator 4 is fixed at the bottom of the seedling box 3, the vibrator of the present embodiment is a small vibration motor, which applies a vibration excitation to the bundled bare sweet potato seedlings, so that the bare sweet potato seedlings are spread out as much as possible and slide down the gentle slope. For easy installation, a seedling box bracket 14 is welded on the frame near the feed end of the conveyor belt, and the seedling box is installed on the seedling box bracket 14.

[0025] The air suction conveyor belt device 2 includes a conveyor belt located below the seedling box outlet and a first driving device for driving the conveyor belt to rotate. The outer side of the conveyor belt is provided with seedling grooves distributed along the circumference and extending along the width direction, and the seedling grooves are provided with air holes that penetrate the conveyor belt. In order to better adapt to the transportation of sweet potato bare seedlings, the width of the seedling groove in this embodiment is 30mm, the interval between adjacent seedling grooves is 20mm, and each seedling groove has a row of air holes with a diameter of 10mm and a spacing of 30mm.

[0026] The first driving device includes a driven roller 30 located at the discharging end of the seedling conveyor belt and an active roller located at the feeding end of the seedling conveyor belt. The active roller and the driven roller are respectively installed on the frame through the bearing seat 11. One end of the active roller is connected to the first stepper motor 9, and the active roller is connected to the brush roller through a belt transmission. The first stepper motor provides power for the rotation of the seedling conveyor belt and the brush roller. A brush roller shaft pulley 31 is fixed on the brush roller shaft 29, and a conveyor belt rotating shaft pulley 32 is fixed on the active roller shaft. The conveyor belt rotating shaft pulley 32 is connected to the brush roller shaft pulley 31 through a belt transmission.

[0027] The frame is also rotatably connected with a brush roller 5 extending in the width direction. The brush roller 5 is located in front of the seedling box outlet and in contact with the top of the seedling trough. The brush roller 5 is installed close to the seedling box outlet and close to the top of the seedling trough of the seedling conveyor belt to block the redundant sweet potato bare seedlings. The brush roller shaft 29 is connected to the active roller shaft of the seedling conveyor belt through a certain transmission ratio belt drive, and the transmission ratio is 1:1. In this embodiment, a support is welded on the frame near the seedling box drop outlet for installing the brush roller. The brush roller is installed above the seedling conveyor belt and is close to the top of the seedling trough of the seedling conveyor belt and the seedling box outlet.

[0028] The bottom surface of the upper belt of the seedling conveyor belt is closely attached to an air chamber 6 located below the brush roller. The air chamber extends forward from below the brush roller. The air chamber 8 is connected to the air holes in the seedling trough, and the air chamber is connected to the suction fan 8 through the first pipe 27. For easy installation, an air chamber support 15 is welded on the frame near the seedling drop-out port of the seedling box, and the air chamber is installed on the air chamber support 15, and the air chamber is closely attached to the inner side of the conveyor belt. The air chamber of this embodiment is a square hollow shell structure, with a fan interface 28 on the side, which is installed at the seedling outlet of the seedling box, connected to the suction fan, and closely attached to the inner side of the seedling conveyor belt to provide suction for the air suction holes in the seedling trough of the seedling conveyor belt.

[0029] Vertical plates 12 are welded on the frame and are located on both sides of the seedling conveyor belt. A long hole extending vertically is opened on the vertical plate 12. A tensioning roller 13 in contact with the bottom surface of the upper belt of the seedling conveyor belt is provided between the two vertical plates. Both ends of the tensioning roller pass through the long holes and are fixed by bolts. The bolts pass through the long holes and are threadedly connected to the roller shaft of the tensioning roller.

[0030] The discharging end of the seedling conveyor belt is provided with a seedling retrieval device 7, which includes a seedling retrieval drum 17 with an air cavity inside, a hollow shaft 22 axially passing through the air cavity and fixed to the frame, and a second driving device driving the seedling retrieval drum 17 to rotate at a speed corresponding to the seedling conveyor belt. The two ends of the seedling retrieval drum are connected to the hollow shaft through bearings 20, and the bearings 20 and the seedling retrieval drum 17 are locked to rotate, and driven by the second stepper motor 10 through a belt drive with a certain transmission ratio. The seedling retrieval drum is coaxially fixed with a seedling retrieval drum pulley 33, which is connected to the second stepper motor belt drive. A through hole is opened on the hollow shaft wall, and one end of the hollow shaft is connected to the suction fan through the second pipe 26, and the other end of the hollow shaft is sealed. The outer arc surface of the seedling retrieval drum is provided with a seedling retrieval tooth groove corresponding to the seedling groove, and the size of the seedling retrieval tooth groove matches the size of the seedling groove of the seedling conveyor belt, and the seedling retrieval drum matches the speed of the seedling conveyor belt. The seedling picking groove is provided with an air hole connected to the air cavity, and the seedling picking roller cooperates with the seedling conveyor belt so that the seedling groove and the seedling picking groove are accurately matched. The seedling groove and the seedling picking groove cooperate with each other to accurately ensure that the sweet potato bare seedlings can be transferred from the seedling conveyor belt to the seedling picking roller when picking the seedlings. When the first stepper motor and the second stepper motor rotate at the same speed, the transmission ratio of the seedling picking roller end pulley and the seedling conveyor belt rotating shaft pulley should be 1.6:1.

[0031] The air cavity is also provided with an arc baffle 21 fixedly connected to the hollow shaft, and the arc baffle is attached to the inner side of the air cavity. As a preferred solution, the central angle of the arc baffle 21 in this embodiment is 120°, and an upwardly extending pin 24 is fixedly connected to the arc baffle 21, and a collar 23 fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pin 24.

[0032] A support plate is welded at the bottom of the frame to install a three-phase asynchronous AC motor 25 and a suction fan 8, and the three-phase asynchronous AC motor drives the suction fan to work. Support wheels 19 are installed at the lower ends of the four support seats of the frame to facilitate the handling and movement of this seedling separation device.

[0033] The working process of the seedling separation device of this embodiment is as follows: the bare sweet potato seedlings are placed in the seedling box, and a vibration excitation is given by the vibration motor on the seedling box to disperse the bundled bare sweet potato seedlings and slide down along the gentle slope of the seedling box; the bare sweet potato seedlings slide down to the seedling groove on the conveyor seedling belt, and the pores generate a suction force on the bare sweet potato seedlings, and the bare sweet potato seedlings are adsorbed in the seedling groove; the rotation of the brush roller blocks the bare sweet potato seedlings outside the seedling groove and in the seedling box, so that there are no other messy bare sweet potato seedlings on the conveyor seedling belt except in the seedling groove. When the bare sweet potato seedlings are conveyed to the seedling picking device, since the seedling groove of the conveyor seedling belt and the seedling picking tooth groove of the seedling picking roller match each other, and the seedling picking tooth groove and the conveyor seedling belt speed also match each other, when the seedling picking tooth groove and the seedling groove are engaged with each other, the bare sweet potato seedlings in the seedling groove of the conveyor seedling belt are sucked by the pores of the seedling picking tooth groove of the seedling picking roller, thereby realizing the transfer of the bare sweet potato seedlings and following the rotation of the seedling picking roller. Since the position of the arc-shaped baffle in the drum is fixed, when the seedling drum rotates to a certain angle, the air suction holes in the seedling grooves are blocked by the arc-shaped baffles, the seedling grooves lose suction, and the sweet potato seedlings fall down.

[0034] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibrating air suction type automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a seedling box (3) and an air suction conveyor belt device (2) mounted on the frame, wherein a vibrator (4) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the seedling box (3); The air suction conveyor belt device (2) comprises a conveyor belt for seedlings located below the seedling box outlet and a first driving device for driving the conveyor belt for seedlings to rotate, the outer side surface of the conveyor belt for seedlings being provided with seedling grooves distributed in the circumferential direction and extending in the width direction, and air holes being provided in the seedling grooves; The frame is also rotatably connected to a brush roller (5) extending in the width direction, the brush roller (5) being located in front of the seedling box discharge port and in contact with the top of the seedling trough; The bottom surface of the upper belt of the seedling conveyor belt is closely attached to an air chamber (6) located below the brush roller, the air chamber (6) is connected to the air holes in the seedling groove, and the air chamber is connected to the suction fan (8) through a pipeline; A seedling retrieval device (7) is provided at the discharge end of the seedling conveyor belt, the seedling retrieval device (7) comprising a seedling retrieval drum (17) having an air cavity therein, a hollow shaft (22) axially passing through the air cavity and fixedly connected to the frame, and a second driving device for driving the seedling retrieval drum (17) to rotate at a speed corresponding to the seedling conveyor belt, the two ends of the seedling retrieval drum being connected to the hollow shaft via bearings (20), a through hole being provided on the wall of the hollow shaft, and one end of the hollow shaft being connected to a suction fan; The outer arc surface of the seedling taking drum is provided with a seedling taking tooth groove corresponding to the seedling groove, and an air hole connected to the air cavity is opened in the seedling taking tooth groove; The first driving device comprises a driven roller located at the discharge end of the seedling conveyor belt and an active roller located at the feed end of the seedling conveyor belt, the active roller being connected to the first stepper motor (9), and the active roller being connected to the brush roller via a belt transmission.

2. A vibrating air suction type automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped baffle (21) fixedly connected to the hollow shaft is also provided in the air cavity, and the arc-shaped baffle is attached to the inner side surface of the air cavity.

3. A vibrating air suction type automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central angle of the arc-shaped baffle (21) is 120°, and a column pin (24) extending upward is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped baffle (21), and a collar (23) sleeved and fixed on the hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the column pin (24).

4. A vibrating air suction type automatic seedling separation device for bare sweet potato seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is fixed with vertical plates located on both sides of the seedling conveyor belt, each of which is provided with a long hole extending in the vertical direction. A tensioning roller (13) in contact with the bottom surface of the upper belt of the seedling conveyor belt is provided between the two vertical plates, and both ends of the tensioning roller are inserted into the long hole and fixed by bolts.

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