Gearbox and gantry machining center

Abstract

The present invention provides a gearbox and a gantry machining center. The gearbox includes a housing; a transmission shaft, which is movably arranged on the housing, and has a mounting cavity; a piston, which is connected to the housing, and includes a partition, which is arranged in the mounting cavity and divides the mounting cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity; a transmission assembly, which is rotatably arranged relative to the transmission shaft, and includes a plurality of transmission gears; an output assembly, which is rotatably arranged relative to the housing; the output assembly includes a plurality of output gears, and the plurality of output gears are matched with a plurality of transmission gears in a one-to-one correspondence, so that by introducing liquid or gas into the first cavity and / or the second cavity, the transmission shaft drives the transmission assembly to move relative to the piston and the housing, and one of the plurality of transmission gears is meshed with an output gear corresponding thereto. The present invention solves the problem that the gearbox in the prior art occupies a large space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gearboxes, and in particular to a gearbox and a gantry machining center. Background Art

[0002] The gearbox in the related art usually uses a shift fork to control the movement of the gear to change the gear reduction ratio. However, the gearbox using the shift fork to control the movement of the gear has the problems of large space occupation, great assembly difficulty and complex structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a gearbox and a gantry machining center to solve the problem that the gearbox in the prior art occupies a large space.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, a gearbox is provided, comprising: a housing; a transmission shaft, which is movably arranged on the housing along its axial direction, and the transmission shaft has a mounting cavity; a piston, which is connected to the housing, and the piston comprises a partition, which is arranged in the mounting cavity and divides the mounting cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber; a transmission assembly, which is connected to the transmission shaft and rotatably arranged relative to the transmission shaft, and the transmission assembly comprises a plurality of transmission gears; an output assembly, which is connected to the housing and rotatably arranged relative to the housing; the output assembly comprises a plurality of output gears, and the plurality of output gears are matched with the plurality of transmission gears in a one-to-one correspondence, so that by introducing liquid or gas into the first chamber and / or the second chamber, the transmission shaft drives the transmission assembly to move relative to the piston and the housing, and selects one of the plurality of transmission gears to mesh with an output gear corresponding thereto.

[0005] Furthermore, the gearbox also includes a sensing component, which includes: a sensing part, which is arranged on the transmission shaft; a sensing bracket, which is arranged on the box body; a sensing switch, wherein a plurality of sensing switches are arranged on the sensing bracket at intervals, and the plurality of sensing switches are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of transmission gears; the transmission shaft drives the transmission component and the sensing part to move synchronously, and the sensing part is used to sense and cooperate with one of the plurality of sensing switches; wherein the sensing switch that senses the sensing part sends an in-position signal to the outside to stop the liquid or gas from entering the first chamber and / or the second chamber, and stops the transmission shaft from moving.

[0006] Furthermore, the sensing bracket and the transmission shaft are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the transmission shaft, and multiple sensing switches are arranged on the sensing bracket at intervals along the axial direction of the transmission shaft; the sensing component also includes: a guide column, which is arranged between the sensing bracket and the transmission shaft along the radial direction of the transmission shaft, and a guide hole is provided on the sensing member, and the sensing member is sleeved on the guide column through the guide hole; along the radial direction of the transmission shaft, the first end of the sensing member is connected to the transmission shaft, and the second end of the sensing member is arranged at a predetermined distance from the sensing member.

[0007] Furthermore, the gearbox also includes an input gear, which is connected to the housing and rotatably arranged relative to the housing, and the input gear is meshed with one of the plurality of transmission gears.

[0008] Furthermore, the housing has a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole that are relatively arranged; the gearbox also includes: a first sealing flange, the first sealing flange is installed at the first mounting hole, the first sealing flange has a sliding hole, the first end of the transmission shaft is movably inserted into the sliding hole, and the second end of the transmission shaft is movably inserted into the second mounting hole; a first sealing ring, the first sealing ring is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the first sealing flange and the inner peripheral wall of the first mounting hole; a second sealing ring, the second sealing ring is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the sliding hole; a second sealing flange, the second sealing flange is installed at the second mounting hole and is located at the opening of the second mounting hole away from the first mounting hole; the piston is connected to the housing through the second sealing flange, the piston is located at the second mounting hole, and the partition extends into the mounting cavity; a third sealing ring, the third sealing ring is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole; a fourth sealing ring, the fourth sealing ring is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the second sealing flange and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the piston also includes a rod portion, a first end of the rod portion is connected to the second sealing flange, and a second end of the rod portion is connected to the partition portion; the gearbox also includes: a guide sealing sleeve, the guide sealing sleeve is installed in the installation cavity and is located at an end of the installation cavity away from the first installation hole; the transmission shaft is mounted on the rod portion through the guide sealing sleeve; a fifth sealing ring, the fifth sealing ring is arranged between the inner circumferential wall of the guide sealing sleeve and the outer circumferential wall of the rod portion; a sixth sealing ring, the fifth sealing ring is arranged between the outer circumferential wall of the guide sealing sleeve and the inner circumferential wall of the transmission shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the piston has a first channel communicating with the first chamber and a second channel communicating with the second chamber; the second sealing flange has a third channel communicating with the first channel and a fourth channel communicating with the second channel; the gearbox also includes two seventh sealing rings, one seventh sealing ring is arranged on the second sealing flange and located at the connection between the first channel and the third channel, and the other seventh sealing ring is arranged on the second sealing flange and located at the connection between the second channel and the fourth channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the gearbox also includes: a wear-resistant ring, which is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the partition and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity; and / or an eighth sealing ring, which is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the partition and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission shaft has a first speed position and a second speed position; there are two transmission gears, which are respectively the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear; the pitch circle diameter of the first transmission gear is larger than the pitch circle diameter of the second transmission gear; there are two output gears, which are respectively the first output gear and the second output gear; the pitch circle diameter of the first output gear is smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the second output gear; when the transmission shaft drives the transmission assembly to move to the first speed position, the first transmission gear meshes with the first output gear; when the transmission shaft drives the transmission assembly to move to the second speed position, the second transmission gear meshes with the second output gear; along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, the first transmission gear includes a toothed portion and an optical axis portion connected to each other, and the second transmission gear is sleeved on the optical axis portion and cooperates with a toothed portion stopper; the gearbox also includes It includes: a first bearing and a second bearing, the first bearing is assembled at the first end of the first transmission gear, and the second bearing is assembled at the second end of the first transmission gear, the first bearing is sleeved on the transmission shaft and cooperates with the shoulder stop of the transmission shaft; the first bearing and the second bearing are both sleeved on the transmission shaft; the first bearing cooperates with the shoulder stop of the transmission shaft; a first locking nut, the first locking nut is threadedly connected to the transmission shaft and pressed on the second bearing to prevent the first transmission gear from moving relative to the transmission shaft along its axial direction; a locating pin, the locating pin is used to connect the second transmission gear and the optical axis part to prevent the second transmission gear and the optical axis part from radially relative movement; a second locking nut, the second locking nut is threadedly connected to the transmission shaft and pressed on the second transmission gear and the locating pin to prevent the second transmission gear and the first transmission gear from axially relative movement.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a gantry machining center is provided, comprising a gearbox, wherein the gearbox is the above-mentioned gearbox.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, in the initial state, one of the multiple transmission gears is meshed with an output gear corresponding thereto; when speed change is required, liquid or gas is introduced into the first chamber and / or the second chamber, and the pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber is used to drive the transmission shaft to move relative to the piston. Since the piston is fixedly connected to the housing, the transmission shaft will drive the transmission assembly to move relative to the housing, thereby meshing another transmission gear in the transmission assembly with another output gear corresponding thereto. Since the transmission ratio between the transmission gear and the output gear that match for the first time is different from the transmission ratio between the transmission gear and the output gear that match for the second time, speed change can be achieved.

[0015] The gearbox provided in the present application utilizes hydraulic or pneumatic means to drive the transmission shaft to drive the transmission assembly to move relative to the box body, thereby achieving speed change while occupying a smaller space. The gearbox provided in the present application also has the advantages of simple structure and simple assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a gearbox according to an optional embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0020] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 Shows Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the gearbox at AA, wherein the first transmission gear is meshed with the first output gear;

[0022] Figure 6 Shows Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a portion of the structure at AA of the gearbox in FIG. 1 , wherein the second transmission gear is meshed with the second output gear.

[0023] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0024] 10. Box; 11. First mounting hole; 12. Second mounting hole; 20. Transmission shaft; 21. Mounting cavity; 211. First chamber; 212. Second chamber; 22. Lubricating oil passage; 221. Oil inlet; 30. Piston; 31. Partition; 32. Rod; 301. First passage; 302. Second passage; 40. Transmission assembly; 41. Transmission gear; 401. First transmission gear; 402. Second transmission gear; 403. Gear; 404. Optical axis; 50. Output assembly; 51. Output gear; 501. First output gear; 502. Second output gear; 60. Induction assembly; 61. Induction member; 611. Guide hole; 62. Induction bracket; 63, induction switch; 64, guide column; 70, input gear; 80, first sealing flange; 81, sliding hole; 90, first sealing ring; 100, second sealing ring; 110, second sealing flange; 111, third channel; 112, fourth channel; 120, third sealing ring; 130, fourth sealing ring; 140, guide sealing sleeve; 150, fifth sealing ring; 160, sixth sealing ring; 170, seventh sealing ring; 180, wear-resistant ring; 190, eighth sealing ring; 200, first bearing; 210, second bearing; 220, first locking nut; 230, positioning pin; 240, second locking nut; 250, blocking member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In order to solve the problem that the gearbox in the prior art occupies a large space, the present invention provides a gearbox and a gantry machining center.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the gearbox includes a housing 10, a transmission shaft 20, a piston 30, a transmission assembly 40 and an output assembly 50. The transmission shaft 20 is movably arranged on the housing 10 along its axial direction. The transmission shaft 20 has a mounting cavity 21. The piston 30 is connected to the housing 10. The piston 30 includes a partition 31. The partition 31 is arranged in the mounting cavity 21 and divides the mounting cavity 21 into a first cavity 211 and a second cavity 212. The transmission assembly 40 is connected to the transmission shaft 20 and is rotatably arranged relative to the transmission shaft 20. The transmission assembly 40 includes multiple The output assembly 50 is connected to the housing 10 and is rotatably arranged relative to the housing 10; the output assembly 50 includes a plurality of output gears 51, and the plurality of output gears 51 are matched with the plurality of transmission gears 41 in a one-to-one correspondence, so that by introducing liquid or gas into the first chamber 211 and / or the second chamber 212, the transmission shaft 20 drives the transmission assembly 40 to move relative to the piston 30 and the housing 10, and selects one of the plurality of transmission gears 41 to mesh with an output gear 51 corresponding thereto.

[0028] In this embodiment, in the initial state, one of the multiple transmission gears 41 is meshed with an output gear 51 corresponding thereto; when speed change is required, liquid or gas is introduced into the first chamber 211 and / or the second chamber 212, and the pressure difference between the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 is used to drive the transmission shaft 20 to move relative to the piston 30. Since the piston 30 is fixedly connected to the housing 10, the transmission shaft 20 will drive the transmission assembly 40 to move relative to the housing 10, thereby meshing another transmission gear 41 in the transmission assembly 40 with another output gear 51 corresponding thereto. Since the transmission ratio between the transmission gear 41 and the output gear 51 that are matched for the first time is different from the transmission ratio between the transmission gear 41 and the output gear 51 that are matched for the second time, speed change can be achieved.

[0029] The gearbox provided in the present application utilizes hydraulic or pneumatic means to drive the transmission shaft 20 to drive the transmission assembly 40 to move relative to the box body 10, and can achieve speed change while occupying a small space. The gearbox provided in the present application also has the advantages of simple structure and simple assembly.

[0030] In specific implementation, hydraulic oil is introduced into the first chamber 211 and / or the second chamber 212 to drive the transmission shaft 20 to move. Hydraulic drive has the advantages of simple structure, good stability, large output force, high efficiency and convenient maintenance.

[0031] In specific implementation, the transmission shaft 20 has multiple stop positions, so that the transmission assembly 40 has multiple stop positions. When the transmission assembly 40 is located at each stop position, only one set of corresponding transmission gears 41 and output gears 51 are in working state, that is, only one set of corresponding transmission gears 41 and output gears 51 are meshed with each other to realize transmission, and the remaining transmission gears 41 and output gears 51 are in idle state; when it is necessary to change speed, liquid or gas is introduced into the first chamber 211 and / or the second chamber 212, and the driving shaft 20 drives the transmission assembly 40 to move to the next stop position, so that another set of corresponding transmission gears 41 and output gears 51 at the stop position are in working state. Since the transmission ratios of different sets of transmission gears 41 and output gears 51 are different, the speed change is realized. The number of transmission gears 41 and output gears 51 determines the number of gears of the gearbox, which can be flexibly set according to the use requirements.

[0032] Optionally, the gearbox further includes a bearing, and the transmission assembly 40 is mounted on the transmission shaft 20 through the bearing. The inner hole of the transmission gear 41 is interference fit with the outer ring of the bearing, and the inner ring of the bearing is interference fit with the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft 20, so that the transmission shaft 20 can not only drive the transmission gear 41 to move, but also realize that the transmission gear 41 can rotate relative to the transmission shaft 20.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the gearbox also includes a sensing assembly 60, which includes a sensing member 61, a sensing bracket 62 and a sensing switch 63. The sensing member 61 is arranged on the transmission shaft 20, the sensing bracket 62 is arranged on the housing 10, and a plurality of sensing switches 63 are arranged on the sensing bracket 62 at intervals. The plurality of sensing switches 63 are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of transmission gears 41. The transmission shaft 20 drives the transmission assembly 40 and the sensing member 61 to move synchronously, and the sensing member 61 is used to sense and cooperate with one of the plurality of sensing switches 63. The sensing switch 63 senses the sensing member 61 and sends a position signal to the outside to stop the liquid or gas from entering the first chamber 211 and / or the second chamber 212, and stops the transmission shaft 20 from moving. In this way, the sensing assembly 60 is used to ensure that the transmission shaft 20 moves into position and reliably stays at the required position, so as to ensure that the required transmission gear 41 is meshed with the output gear 51, thereby ensuring that the gearbox is switched to a predetermined gear position, and reliable output of a predetermined speed is achieved through the output gear 51.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the sensing bracket 62 and the transmission shaft 20 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the transmission shaft 20, and a plurality of sensing switches 63 are arranged on the sensing bracket 62 at intervals along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 20; the sensing assembly 60 also includes a guide column 64, which is arranged between the sensing bracket 62 and the transmission shaft 20 along the radial direction of the transmission shaft 20, and a guide hole 611 is arranged on the sensing member 61, and the sensing member 61 is sleeved on the guide column 64 through the guide hole 611; along the radial direction of the transmission shaft 20, the first end of the sensing member 61 is connected to the transmission shaft 20, and the second end of the sensing member 61 is arranged at a predetermined distance from the sensing member 61. In this way, the arrangement of the guide column 64 can ensure the smooth movement of the sensing member 61 and prevent the sensing member 61 from rotating relative to the box 10, which may cause the sensing assembly 60 to fail.

[0035] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the gearbox further includes an input gear 70, which is connected to the housing 10 and rotatably arranged relative to the housing 10, and the input gear 70 is meshed with one of the plurality of transmission gears 41. The plurality of transmission gears 41 are connected so that when the input gear 70 drives one of the transmission gears 41 meshed therewith to rotate, the remaining transmission gears 41 rotate synchronously therewith, thereby driving an output gear 51 meshed with the transmission assembly 40 to rotate, thereby realizing output.

[0036] In a specific implementation, the gearbox also includes an output shaft, and multiple output gears 51 are connected to the output shaft, so that when any output gear 51 rotates, it can drive the output shaft to rotate. Different output gears 51 drive the output shaft to have different rotation speeds, thereby achieving speed change.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the housing 10 has a first mounting hole 11 and a second mounting hole 12 that are arranged opposite to each other; the gearbox also includes a first sealing flange 80, a first sealing ring 90, a second sealing ring 100, a second sealing flange 110, a third sealing ring 120 and a fourth sealing ring 130, the first sealing flange 80 is installed at the first mounting hole 11, the first sealing flange 80 has a sliding hole 81, the first end of the transmission shaft 20 is movably arranged at the sliding hole 81, the second end of the transmission shaft 20 is movably arranged at the second mounting hole 12, and the first sealing ring 90 is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the first sealing flange 80 and the inner wall of the first mounting hole 11 The second sealing ring 100 is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft 20 and the inner wall of the sliding hole 81, and the second sealing flange 110 is installed at the second mounting hole 12 and is located at the opening of the second mounting hole 12 away from the first mounting hole 11; the piston 30 is connected to the housing 10 through the second sealing flange 110, the piston 30 is located at the second mounting hole 12, and the partition 31 extends into the mounting cavity 21; the third sealing ring 120 is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft 20 and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole 12, and the fourth sealing ring 130 is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the second sealing flange 110 and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole 12. The sealing performance of the gearbox is improved by the arrangement of the first sealing flange 80, the first sealing ring 90, the second sealing ring 100, the second sealing flange 110, the third sealing ring 120 and the fourth sealing ring 130.

[0038] In a specific implementation, even if hydraulic oil leaks from the installation cavity 21 into the cavity surrounded by the housing 10, the transmission shaft 20 and the second sealing flange 110, the setting of the third sealing ring 120 can prevent the hydraulic oil from further leaking into the housing 10, and the setting of the fourth sealing ring 130 can prevent the hydraulic oil from further leaking out of the housing 10.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the piston 30 also includes a rod 32, the first end of the rod 32 is connected to the second sealing flange 110, and the second end of the rod 32 is connected to the partition 31; the gearbox also includes a guide seal sleeve 140, a fifth seal ring 150 and a sixth seal ring 160, the guide seal sleeve 140 is installed in the installation cavity 21 and is located at the end of the installation cavity 21 away from the first installation hole 11; the transmission shaft 20 is sleeved on the rod 32 through the guide seal sleeve 140, the fifth seal ring 150 is arranged between the inner peripheral wall of the guide seal sleeve 140 and the outer peripheral wall of the rod 32, and the fifth seal ring 150 is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the guide seal sleeve 140 and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission shaft 20. In this way, the arrangement of the guide seal sleeve 140, the fifth seal ring 150 and the sixth seal ring 160 can further improve the sealing performance of the second chamber 212, ensuring that the hydraulic oil can reliably drive the transmission shaft 20 to move.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the piston 30 has a first channel 301 communicating with the first chamber 211 and a second channel 302 communicating with the second chamber 212; the second sealing flange 110 has a third channel 111 for communicating with the first channel 301 and a fourth channel 112 for communicating with the second channel 302; the gearbox also includes two seventh sealing rings 170, one seventh sealing ring 170 is arranged on the second sealing flange 110 and is located at the connection between the first channel 301 and the third channel 111, so as to ensure that the hydraulic oil enters the first chamber 211 through the third channel 111 and the first channel 301 and does not leak out; the other seventh sealing ring 170 is arranged on the second sealing flange 110 and is located at the connection between the second channel 302 and the fourth channel 112, so as to ensure that the hydraulic oil enters the first chamber 211 through the fourth channel 112 and the second channel 302 and does not leak out.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the gearbox further includes a wear-resistant ring 180, which is disposed between the outer peripheral wall of the partition 31 and the inner peripheral wall of the mounting cavity 21. Thus, by disposing the wear-resistant ring 180, the contact area between the transmission shaft 20 and the piston 30 is reduced, thereby improving the wear resistance of the transmission shaft 20 and the piston 30, and avoiding severe wear during the movement of the transmission shaft 20 relative to the piston 30.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the gearbox further includes an eighth sealing ring 190, which is disposed between the outer peripheral wall of the partition 31 and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity 21. In this way, the arrangement of the eighth sealing ring 190 can further ensure that the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 are independent of each other, so that the pressure difference between the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 can be reliably used to drive the transmission shaft 20 to move.

[0043] In specific implementation, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the transmission shaft 20 also has a lubricating oil channel 22 and an oil inlet 221 connected thereto. The lubricating oil channel 22 is spaced apart from the mounting cavity 21. The lubricating oil channel 22 is also connected to the bearing to provide lubricating oil to the bearing to prevent the transmission shaft 20 and the transmission assembly 40 from wear or excessive temperature.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, in order to facilitate the processing of the lubricating oil channel 22 and extend it to the end face of the transmission shaft 20 away from the mounting cavity 21, the gearbox also includes a blocking member 250, which is arranged on the transmission shaft 20 and blocks one end of the lubricating oil channel 22 away from the mounting cavity 21 to prevent lubricating oil leakage. The oil inlet 221 is opened on the side wall of the transmission shaft 20.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a specific implementation, the guide column 64 is connected to the box body 10 through the first sealing flange 80 , and the guide column 64 is threadedly connected to the first sealing flange 80 , so that the installation of the guide column 64 is convenient.

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the transmission shaft 20 has a first speed position and a second speed position; there are two transmission gears 41, which are respectively a first transmission gear 401 and a second transmission gear 402; the pitch circle diameter of the first transmission gear 401 is larger than the pitch circle diameter of the second transmission gear 402; there are two output gears 51, which are respectively a first output gear 501 and a second output gear 502; the pitch circle diameter of the first output gear 501 is smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the second output gear 502; when the transmission When the shaft 20 drives the transmission assembly 40 to move to the first speed position, the first transmission gear 401 meshes with the first output gear 501; when the transmission shaft 20 drives the transmission assembly 40 to move to the second speed position, the second transmission gear 402 meshes with the second output gear 502; along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 20, the first transmission gear 401 includes a toothed portion 403 and an optical axis portion 404 connected to each other, and the second transmission gear 402 is sleeved on the optical axis portion 404 and cooperates with the toothed portion 403 stopper; the gearbox also includes a first bearing 200 and a second bearing 201. Second bearing 210, the first bearing 200 is assembled on the first end of the first transmission gear 401, the second bearing 210 is assembled on the second end of the first transmission gear 401, the first bearing 200 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 20 and cooperates with the shoulder stop of the transmission shaft 20; the first bearing 200 and the second bearing 210 are both sleeved on the transmission shaft 20; the first bearing 200 cooperates with the shoulder stop of the transmission shaft 20; the first locking nut 220, the first locking nut 220 is threadedly connected with the transmission shaft 20 and pressed on the second bearing 210, The first transmission gear 401 is prevented from moving relative to the transmission shaft 20 along its axial direction; the positioning pin 230 is used to connect the second transmission gear 402 and the optical axis portion 404 to prevent the second transmission gear 402 and the optical axis portion 404 from moving relative to each other in the radial direction; the second locking nut 240 is threadedly connected to the transmission shaft 20 and pressed on the second transmission gear 402 and the positioning pin 230 to prevent the second transmission gear 402 and the first transmission gear 401 from moving relative to each other in the axial direction. In this way, the first transmission gear 401 and the second transmission gear 402 are fixed in radial position by the positioning pin 230, and the first transmission gear 401 and the second transmission gear 402 are fixed in axial position by the first locking nut 220 and the second locking nut 240, so that the first transmission gear 401 can drive the second transmission gear 402 to rotate synchronously under the drive of the input gear 70.

[0047] In the specific implementation, oil is supplied to the second chamber 212 through the fourth channel 112 and the second channel 302, and the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 211 is discharged through the first channel 301 and the third channel 111, so that the reduction box is in Figure 5The hydraulic oil in the second chamber 212 is discharged through the second channel 302 and the fourth channel 112, and the oil is supplied to the first chamber 211 through the third channel 111 and the first channel 301, so that the reduction gearbox is in Figure 6 Displays the usage status.

[0048] The pitch circle diameter of the gear is equal to the module multiplied by the number of teeth, the transmission ratio is equal to the ratio of the number of teeth of the driven gear to the number of teeth of the driving gear, which is equal to the ratio of the speed of the driving gear to the speed of the driven gear, and the modules of the mutually meshing driving gear and driven gear are equal. Assume that the number of teeth of the input gear 70 is z1 and the speed is n1; the number of teeth of the first transmission gear 401 is z2 and the speed is n2; the number of teeth of the second transmission gear 402 is z3 and the speed is n3; the number of teeth of the first output gear 501 is z4 and the speed is n4; the number of teeth of the second output gear 502 is z5 and the speed is n5; where n1=n2; then in Figure 5 In the shown operating state, the transmission ratio i1 = n1 / n4 = z4 / z1; Figure 6 In the illustrated use state, the transmission ratio i2 = n1 / n5 = z2z5 / z1z3. This embodiment provides a gearbox with two gears, and the transmission ratio can be adjusted by adjusting the pitch circle diameter of each gear.

[0049] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the input gear 70 and the output assembly 50 are relatively arranged on both sides of the transmission assembly 40, the arrangement is reasonable, and the transmission is reliable and stable.

[0050] In a specific implementation, the first sealing flange 80 and the second sealing flange 110 are fixed to the housing 10 by screws, the piston 30 is fixed to the second sealing flange 110 by screws, the guide sealing sleeve 140 is connected to the transmission shaft 20 by threads, the sensing member 61 is a sensing plate, the sensing plate is connected to the transmission shaft 20 by screws, the sensing switch 63 is fixed to the sensing bracket 62 by nuts, the sensing bracket 62 is connected to the housing 10 by screws, the input gear 70, the transmission assembly 40 and the output assembly 50 are all located in the housing 10, and the sensing assembly 60 is arranged outside the housing 10 to facilitate electrical connection with the control system. When the control system issues a shift command, oil is introduced through the third channel 111 or the fourth channel 112 on the second sealing flange 110, thereby completing the shift action.

[0051] The present application also provides a gantry machining center, including a gearbox, which is the above-mentioned gearbox. Since the gearbox provided by the present application has the advantages of simple structure, simple processing and assembly, small space occupation and reliable operation, the gantry machining center provided by the present application also has the advantages of simple structure, simple processing and assembly, small space occupation and reliable operation.

[0052] Optionally, the gearbox provided in the present application is a reduction gearbox.

[0053] Compared with the technical solution of the traditional reduction box using a shift fork to control the movement of the gear, the gearbox provided by the present application has the advantages of simple structure, small space occupation, low processing and assembly difficulty, and good processing and assembly processability.

[0054] The gearbox provided in the present application adopts a cylinder-type transmission shaft 20 to realize the disengagement and engagement of the transmission gear 41. The transmission gear 41 is installed on the transmission shaft 20 through a bearing. The up and down movement of the transmission shaft 20 and the rotational movement of the transmission gear 41 do not affect each other. At the same time, an induction switch 63 is used to realize the in-place detection of the transmission gear 41, which can realize gear speed change in a smaller space.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0058] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0059] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox, characterized in that: include: Box body (10); A transmission shaft (20), the transmission shaft (20) being movably arranged on the housing (10) along its axial direction, and the transmission shaft (20) having a mounting cavity (21); A piston (30), the piston (30) being connected to the housing (10), the piston (30) comprising a partition (31), the partition (31) being arranged in the installation cavity (21) and dividing the installation cavity (21) into a first chamber (211) and a second chamber (212); a transmission assembly (40), the transmission assembly (40) being connected to the transmission shaft (20) and being rotatably arranged relative to the transmission shaft (20), the transmission assembly (40) comprising a plurality of transmission gears (41); An output assembly (50) is connected to the housing (10) and is rotatably arranged relative to the housing (10); the output assembly (50) comprises a plurality of output gears (51), and the plurality of output gears (51) are matched with the plurality of transmission gears (41) in a one-to-one correspondence, so that by introducing liquid or gas into the first chamber (211) and / or the second chamber (212), the transmission shaft (20) drives the transmission assembly (40) to move relative to the piston (30) and the housing (10), and selects one of the plurality of transmission gears (41) to mesh with one of the output gears (51) corresponding thereto.

2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gearbox further comprises a sensing component (60), wherein the sensing component (60) comprises: An induction member (61), wherein the induction member (61) is arranged on the transmission shaft (20); An induction bracket (62), wherein the induction bracket (62) is arranged on the box body (10); A sensing switch (63), wherein a plurality of the sensing switches (63) are arranged on the sensing bracket (62) at intervals, and the plurality of the sensing switches (63) are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of the transmission gears (41); the transmission shaft (20) drives the transmission assembly (40) and the sensing member (61) to move synchronously, and the sensing member (61) is used to sense and cooperate with one of the plurality of the sensing switches (63); wherein the sensing switch (63) senses the sensing member (61) and sends a positioning signal to the outside to stop the liquid or gas from entering the first chamber (211) and / or the second chamber (212), and stops the movement of the transmission shaft (20).

3. The gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensing bracket (62) and the transmission shaft (20) are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the transmission shaft (20); a plurality of sensing switches (63) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (20) on the sensing bracket (62); the sensing component (60) further comprises: A guide column (64) is arranged between the sensing bracket (62) and the transmission shaft (20) along the radial direction of the transmission shaft (20); a guide hole (611) is provided on the sensing member (61); the sensing member (61) is sleeved on the guide column (64) through the guide hole (611); along the radial direction of the transmission shaft (20), a first end of the sensing member (61) is connected to the transmission shaft (20), and a second end of the sensing member (61) is arranged at a predetermined distance from the sensing member (61).

4. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gearbox further comprises an input gear (70) connected to the housing (10) and rotatably arranged relative to the housing (10), and the input gear (70) is meshed with one of the transmission gears (41) among the plurality of transmission gears (41).

5. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (10) has a first mounting hole (11) and a second mounting hole (12) which are arranged opposite to each other; the gearbox further comprises: a first sealing flange (80), the first sealing flange (80) being mounted at the first mounting hole (11), the first sealing flange (80) having a sliding hole (81), the first end of the transmission shaft (20) being movably inserted into the sliding hole (81), and the second end of the transmission shaft (20) being movably inserted into the second mounting hole (12); A first sealing ring (90), the first sealing ring (90) being arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the first sealing flange (80) and the inner wall of the first mounting hole (11); A second sealing ring (100), the second sealing ring (100) being arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft (20) and the inner wall of the sliding hole (81); a second sealing flange (110), the second sealing flange (110) being mounted at the second mounting hole (12) and being located at an opening of the second mounting hole (12) away from the first mounting hole (11); the piston (30) being connected to the housing (10) via the second sealing flange (110), the piston (30) being located at the second mounting hole (12), and the partition (31) extending into the mounting cavity (21); a third sealing ring (120), the third sealing ring (120) being arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft (20) and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole (12); A fourth sealing ring (130), wherein the fourth sealing ring (130) is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the second sealing flange (110) and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole (12).

6. The gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston (30) further comprises a rod portion (32), a first end of the rod portion (32) being connected to the second sealing flange (110), and a second end of the rod portion (32) being connected to the partition portion (31); the gearbox further comprises: a guide sealing sleeve (140), the guide sealing sleeve (140) being installed in the installation cavity (21) and located at an end of the installation cavity (21) away from the first installation hole (11); the transmission shaft (20) is sleeved on the rod portion (32) through the guide sealing sleeve (140); a fifth sealing ring (150), the fifth sealing ring (150) being arranged between the inner peripheral wall of the guide sealing sleeve (140) and the outer peripheral wall of the rod portion (32); A sixth sealing ring (160), wherein the sixth sealing ring (160) is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the guide sealing sleeve (140) and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission shaft (20).

7. The gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston (30) has a first channel (301) communicating with the first chamber (211) and a second channel (302) communicating with the second chamber (212); The second sealing flange (110) has a third channel (111) for communicating with the first channel (301) and a fourth channel (112) for communicating with the second channel (302); The gearbox further comprises two seventh sealing rings (170), one of the seventh sealing rings (170) being arranged on the second sealing flange (110) and located at a connection point between the first channel (301) and the third channel (111), and the other of the seventh sealing rings (170) being arranged on the second sealing flange (110) and located at a connection point between the second channel (302) and the fourth channel (112).

8. The gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The gearbox also includes: a wear-resistant ring (180), the wear-resistant ring (180) being arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the partition (31) and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity (21); and / or An eighth sealing ring (190), wherein the eighth sealing ring (190) is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the partition (31) and the inner peripheral wall of the installation cavity (21).

9. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (20) has a first speed position and a second speed position; there are two transmission gears (41), the two transmission gears (41) are respectively a first transmission gear (401) and a second transmission gear (402); the pitch circle diameter of the first transmission gear (401) is larger than the pitch circle diameter of the second transmission gear (402); there are two output gears (51), the two output gears (51) are respectively a first output gear (501) and a second output gear (502); the pitch circle diameter of the first output gear (501) is smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the second output gear (502); When the transmission shaft (20) drives the transmission assembly (40) to move to the first speed position, the first transmission gear (401) meshes with the first output gear (501); when the transmission shaft (20) drives the transmission assembly (40) to move to the second speed position, the second transmission gear (402) meshes with the second output gear (502); Along the axial direction of the transmission shaft (20), the second transmission gear (402) comprises a toothed portion (403) and an optical axis portion (404) connected to each other, and the first transmission gear (401) is sleeved on the optical axis portion (404) and engaged with the toothed portion (403) as a stopper; the gearbox further comprises: a first bearing (200) and a second bearing (210), wherein the first bearing (200) is mounted on a first end of the first transmission gear (401), and the second bearing (210) is mounted on a second end of the first transmission gear (401); the first bearing (200) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (20) and cooperates with a shaft shoulder stopper of the optical axis portion (404); the first bearing (200) and the second bearing (210) are both sleeved on the transmission shaft (20); a first locking nut (220), the first locking nut (220) being threadedly connected to the transmission shaft (20) and pressed onto the first bearing (200) to prevent the first transmission gear (401) from moving relative to the transmission shaft (20) along its axial direction; a positioning pin (230), the positioning pin (230) being used to connect the second transmission gear (402) and the optical axis portion (404) so ​​as to prevent the second transmission gear (402) and the optical axis portion (404) from moving relative to each other in a radial direction; A second locking nut (240), the second locking nut (240) is threadedly connected to the optical axis portion (404) and is pressed onto the first transmission gear (401) and the positioning pin (230) to prevent the second transmission gear (402) and the first transmission gear (401) from axially moving relative to each other.

10. A gantry machining center, comprising a gearbox, characterized in that: The gearbox is the gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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