A replaceable tapered hole end cover structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a replaceable tapered hole end cover structure, which relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, including an end cover body, the end cover body is installed at the front end of a hollow main shaft, a tapered hole is opened in the center of the end cover body, a pulling and grasping assembly is installed in the tapered hole, one end of the pulling and grasping assembly is used to install a tool, and the other end is used to connect with a driving member, and the driving member is used to drive the pulling and grasping assembly to pull or loosen the tool. The present invention has a simple and reasonable structure and low processing cost. By integrally arranging the tapered hole and the end cover body, the main shaft and the tapered hole are separated into an independent part, and the tapered hole end cover can be disassembled separately, which has broad application prospects and simple operation steps. There is no need to separate the main shaft from the machine tool. The tapered hole can be replaced by directly replacing the tapered hole end cover in the shutdown state, which is highly practical. In addition, the tapered hole end cover can use a material different from the main shaft material to meet the use requirements, which reduces the manufacturing cost and is economical, reliable and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a replaceable tapered hole end cover structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern machining towards high speed, the demand for electric spindle efficiency is becoming increasingly higher. To ensure accurate dimensions and aesthetically pleasing appearance of machined parts, the machining industry is now applying many complex machining processes. However, the application of these complex machining processes to CNC machine tools requires frequent and high-speed tool changes on the electric spindle, which can cause severe wear on the spindle taper that interfaces with the puller, resulting in tool retention, loose broach-tool fit, and reduced machining accuracy.

[0003] To facilitate production and processing, a tapered hole is often machined at the front end of the electric spindle. However, due to the internal boss structure and the coordination with the gripper, as well as the external coordination with the bearing, the requirements for the material required for the electric spindle's rigidity, strength, and thermal deformation in all directions are extremely high. This results in the use of high-end and expensive materials, and the cost of replacing the spindle is very high. Furthermore, due to the high degree of integration of existing high-speed electric spindles, the internal space is small, and the various components are tightly coupled. Disassembling and replacing a spindle with a worn tapered hole is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also leads to extended processing cycles and invisibly increased processing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a replaceable tapered hole end cover structure with simple and reasonable structure, easy installation and disassembly, and low processing cost. By opening the tapered hole in the end cover, the electric spindle itself no longer has a tapered hole and becomes an independent part.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a replaceable tapered hole end cover structure, comprising an end cover body, wherein the end cover body is mounted on the front end of a hollow main shaft, a tapered hole is provided in the center of the end cover body, a pulling and grasping assembly is mounted in the tapered hole, one end of the pulling and grasping assembly is used for mounting a tool, and the other end is used for connecting with a driving member, wherein the driving member is used for driving the pulling and grasping assembly to pull or loosen the tool.

[0007] Optionally, the grab assembly includes a grab and a grab connecting rod, the grab is fitted in the tapered hole, the grab connecting rod is installed in the grab, and the outer wall of the grab connecting rod is in inclined contact with the inner wall of the grab.

[0008] Optionally, the outer wall of the pull-claw is provided with a pull-claw boss, and the inner wall of the tapered hole is provided with a tapered hole boss that cooperates and engages with the pull-claw boss.

[0009] Optionally, the rear portion of the pull-grab connecting rod is connected to the driving member via a pull rod, and the driving member is used to drive the pull rod to extend and retract.

[0010] Optionally, the pull rod is threadedly connected to the inner hole of the pull-grab connecting rod, and a locking nut with reverse threads is installed at the connection between the pull rod and the pull-grab connecting rod.

[0011] Optionally, the driving member is a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the casing.

[0012] Optionally, one or more bearings are installed on the outer periphery of the hollow main shaft.

[0013] Optionally, the end cover body is connected to the hollow main shaft via screws.

[0014] Optionally, the end cover body and the hollow main shaft are made of different materials.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] The replaceable tapered hole end cap structure provided by the present invention has a simple and reasonable structure and low processing cost. By integrating the tapered hole with the end cap body, the spindle and the tapered hole are separated into a single component. The tapered hole end cap can be removed separately, which has broad application prospects and simple operation steps. The tapered hole can be replaced by simply replacing the end cap while the machine is stopped, without having to separate the spindle from the machine tool. This makes it highly practical. In addition, the tapered hole end cap can be made of a different material from the spindle to meet the application requirements, reducing manufacturing costs and achieving economical, reliable and efficient results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the replaceable tapered hole end cover structure of the present invention;

[0019] Among them, the figure markings are: 1. Pull-grab assembly; 11. Pull-grab; 12. Pull-grab connecting rod; 13. Locking nut; 2. End cover body; 21. Tapered hole; 3. Screw; 4. Bearing; 5. Hollow main shaft; 6. Pull rod; 7. Hydraulic cylinder; 8. Pull-grab protrusion; 9. Tapered hole protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a replaceable tapered hole end cover structure, including an end cover body 2, the end cover body 21 is installed at the front end of the hollow main shaft 5, a tapered hole 21 is opened in the center of the end cover body 2, and a pulling and grasping assembly 1 is installed in the tapered hole 21. One end of the pulling and grasping assembly 1 is used to install the tool, and the other end is used to connect with the driving member. The driving member is used to drive the pulling and grasping assembly to realize pulling or loosening the tool when the tool needs to be changed.

[0024] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the pull-catch assembly 1 is installed inside the tapered hole 21. The pull-catch assembly 1 includes a pull-catch 11 and a pull-catch connecting rod 12. The pull-catch 11 is installed in the tapered hole 21. The pull-catch connecting rod 12 is installed in the pull-catch 11. The outer wall of the pull-catch connecting rod 12 and the inner wall of the pull-catch 11 are in inclined contact. Figure 1 As shown, the outer wall of the grip 11 is provided with a grip boss 8, and the inner wall of the tapered hole 21 is provided with a tapered hole boss 9 that engages with the grip boss 8. The grip boss 8 and the tapered hole boss 9 engage with each other, with the contact angle serving as a fulcrum. The grip assembly 1 is a tool mounting assembly well known in the art, and its specific structure and operating principle will not be further described here.

[0025] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the front portion of the pull-grab connecting rod 12 is used to mount the knife handle, and the rear portion is connected to the driving member through a pull rod 6, and the driving member is used to drive the pull rod 6 to perform telescopic movement.

[0026] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the pull rod 6 is threadedly connected to the inner hole of the pull-grab connecting rod 12 , and a locking nut 13 with reverse threads is installed at the connection between the pull rod 6 and the pull-grab connecting rod 12 .

[0027] In this embodiment, the driving member is preferably a hydraulic cylinder 7, which is connected to the housing, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to the above-mentioned pull rod 6. The pull rod 6 is installed in the hollow main shaft 5. Under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder 7, the pull rod 6 can move forward and backward relative to the hollow main shaft 5.

[0028] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, one or more bearings 4 are installed on the outer circumference of the hollow main shaft 5 , and the bearings 4 are preferably installed on the hollow main shaft 5 in an interference fit manner.

[0029] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of countersunk holes are provided on the outer periphery of the end cover body 2 , and the countersunk holes are connected to the end surface of the hollow main shaft 5 through screws 3 .

[0030] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the end cap body 2 and the hollow spindle 5 can be made of different materials. Since the hollow spindle 5 has high material requirements, such as rigidity, strength, and thermal deformation in all directions, the material used is relatively expensive. However, since the tapered hole 21 is integrated with the end cap body 2 in this design, the tapered end cap becomes a replacement part. However, due to its structure and installation position, the tapered end cap has much lower material requirements than the hollow spindle 2. It can be made of relatively cheap materials, such as SCM435H alloy steel, to reduce manufacturing costs.

[0031] The specific working principle of the embodiment is described below.

[0032] When the hollow main shaft 5 rotates, the bearing 4, the pulling and grasping assembly 1, the end cover body 2, the pull rod 6 and the screw 3 rotate synchronously; the hydraulic cylinder 7 only moves when the loosening and broaching instruction is executed.

[0033] When the tool is being broached, the hollow spindle 5 stops rotating, and the hydraulic cylinder 7 executes the broaching command to pull the pull rod 6 to move backward, and the pull rod 6 drives the pull-grab connecting rod 12 to move backward. The pull-grab 11 uses the contact angle of the end cover body 2 as a fulcrum, and the internal part is matched with the inclined surface of the pull-grab connecting rod 12 to the maximum diameter. The pull-grab 11 opens, and the front periphery of the pull-grab connecting rod 12 is advanced by the pull-grab 11, and the pull-grab connecting rod 12 is locked with the tool handle.

[0034] When the tool is loosened, the hollow spindle 5 stops rotating, and the hydraulic cylinder 7 executes the tool pulling command to pull the pull rod 6 and push it forward. The pull rod 6 drives the pull-grab connecting rod 12 to move forward. The pull-grab 11 uses the contact angle of the end cover body 2 as a fulcrum, and the internal inclined surface of the pull-grab connecting rod 12 is matched to the minimum diameter. The pull-grab 11 is closed, thereby reducing the clamping force of the front part of the pull-grab connecting rod 12, and the pull-grab connecting rod 12 and the tool handle are loosened.

[0035] Disassembly steps: There is no need to separate the hollow spindle 5 from the machine tool. In the shutdown state, the tool change hydraulic cylinder 7 executes the tool release command, pushes the pull rod 6 forward, the pull-grab assembly 1 is loosened, the pull-grab 11 is in the open state, and the tool is removed; then loosen the locking nut 13, remove the pull-grab connecting rod 12, loosen the screw 3, and remove the end cover body 2 and the pull-grab 11.

[0036] Installation steps: The hydraulic cylinder 7 executes the tool release command, installs the pull-catch 11 with a semi-fitted state in the end cover body 2, installs the end cover body 2 on the hollow main shaft 5 and tightens the screw 3, and finally installs the pull-catch connecting rod 12 and tightens the locking nut 13.

[0037] Thus, the replaceable tapered hole end cap structure provided by the present invention has a simple and reasonable structure and low processing cost. By integrating the tapered hole with the end cap body, the spindle and the tapered hole are separated into a single component. The tapered hole end cap can be removed separately, which has broad application prospects and simple operation steps. The tapered hole can be replaced by simply replacing the tapered hole end cap while the machine is stopped, without having to separate the spindle from the machine tool. This makes it highly practical. In addition, the tapered hole end cap can be made of a material different from that of the spindle to meet the requirements of use, reducing manufacturing costs and making it economical, reliable and efficient.

[0038] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they relate.

[0039] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A replaceable tapered hole end cover structure, characterized in that: The end cover body comprises an end cover body, which is mounted on the front end of the hollow main shaft by screws. The end cover body and the hollow main shaft are made of different materials. A tapered hole is opened in the center of the end cover body, and a pulling and grasping assembly is installed in the tapered hole. One end of the pulling and grasping assembly is used to mount a tool, and the other end is used to connect with a driving member. The driving member is used to drive the pulling and grasping assembly to pull or loosen the tool. The grab assembly includes a grab and a grab connecting rod. The grab is fitted in the tapered hole. The grab connecting rod is installed in the grab, and the outer wall of the grab connecting rod is in inclined contact with the inner wall of the grab.

2. The replaceable tapered hole end cover structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pull-grip is provided with a pull-grip boss, and the inner wall of the tapered hole is provided with a tapered hole boss that cooperates and engages with the pull-grip boss.

3. The replaceable tapered hole end cover structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear portion of the pull-grab connecting rod is connected to the driving member via a pull rod, and the driving member is used to drive the pull rod to extend and retract.

4. The replaceable tapered hole end cover structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pull rod is threadedly connected to the inner hole of the pull-grab connecting rod, and a locking nut with reverse threads is installed at the connection between the pull rod and the pull-grab connecting rod.

5. The replaceable tapered hole end cover structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The driving component is a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the casing.

6. The replaceable tapered hole end cover structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more bearings are installed on the outer periphery of the hollow main shaft.

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