A probe for measuring all parameters of transonic three-dimensional steady flow field

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of flow field testing technology, and specifically relates to a probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, including a probe head, a temperature sensor, a convection heat exchange hole, an insulating seal, a temperature sensor cable lead-out channel, a pressure measuring hole, a pressure pipe channel, a probe support rod, a pressure pipe and a temperature sensor cable. The probe head is cylindrical, and a truncated cone structure extends from the top of the cylinder perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. A pressure measuring middle hole is provided on the top surface of the truncated cone, and mutually unconnected pressure measuring upper holes, pressure measuring lower holes, pressure measuring left holes and pressure measuring right holes are evenly provided on the side of the truncated cone. Six circular convection heat exchange holes are provided on the leeward side of the probe head facing away from the truncated cone, and are distributed in the low-speed separation zone on the leeward side of the probe head. The probe of the present invention can simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, speed and density of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, and has the characteristics of small size, large airflow insensitive angle, high reliability, high spatial resolution and high measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flow field testing, and specifically relates to a probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, which is suitable for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field at an inlet, outlet and between stages of an impeller machinery. Background Art

[0002] At present, a five-hole pressure probe is often used to obtain the total pressure, static pressure, deflection angle, pitch angle and Mach number of the transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field. The five-hole pressure probe measurement cannot measure temperature parameters. In order to obtain the incoming flow temperature, a total temperature probe must be used for measurement. Most of the existing temperature probes are designed according to the requirement that the temperature sensor is facing the mainstream. The temperature probe head adopts a stagnation cover structure to collect the incoming flow. The temperature sensor is placed in the stagnation cover. Its disadvantages are: first, the temperature sensor is directly washed by the fluid and is easily affected by oil droplets, dust, etc. mixed in the airflow, and is easily damaged; second, the strength of the temperature sensor is usually improved by increasing its size, and the size of the stagnation cover is added, so the probe size is large and its spatial resolution is poor; third, the airflow insensitive angle is small. When the deflection angle or pitch angle of the incoming flow to be measured is large, the airflow cannot be fully stagnant; at the same time, the heat exchange on the surface of the temperature sensor is insufficient, and the total temperature measurement error is large.

[0003] For transonic three-dimensional flow field, pressure probe and temperature probe are usually used separately to measure pressure and temperature respectively. Using two probes to measure simultaneously will cause great interference to the measured flow field on the one hand, and increase the complexity of the test and the cost of the test on the other hand. The most important thing is that the flow parameters measured by different probes cannot be guaranteed to come from the same streamline, so the combination of speed and other parameters will bring additional errors, thereby reducing the accuracy of the test. There is also a single temperature and pressure combination probe that simultaneously measures the temperature and pressure of the transonic flow field. The existing temperature and pressure combination probe has a temperature sensor that is located on the windward side of the probe head facing the mainstream, which has the disadvantages of the above-mentioned temperature probe. Especially for the transonic flow field, the air flow velocity is high, the probe will be impacted by the high speed of the air flow, and the temperature sensor is easily damaged facing the mainstream. The existing probe testing technology is difficult to meet the measurement requirements of the transonic three-dimensional flow field. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a probe with high precision and high reliability that can measure all parameters of the transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, so as to accurately measure all parameters such as total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, speed, density, etc. of the transonic three-dimensional flow field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field. The probe head is cylindrical, a truncated cone structure extends from the top of the cylinder perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder, the center line of the truncated cone is perpendicular to and intersects with the center line of the cylinder, a pressure measuring center hole is arranged on the top surface of the truncated cone, and upper pressure measuring holes, lower pressure measuring holes, left pressure measuring holes and right pressure measuring holes that are not connected to each other are evenly arranged on the side surfaces of the truncated cone, so that the transonic three-dimensional flow field can be measured. The present invention abandons the traditional total temperature probe design concept. It is not designed according to the method of the temperature sensor facing the mainstream and using a stagnation cover to stop the airflow to achieve total temperature measurement. Instead, based on the applicant's research for many years, it creatively proposes a layout and structural design in which the temperature sensor faces away from the mainstream and opens six circular convection heat exchange holes on the leeward side of the probe head, which effectively reduces the scouring of the temperature sensor by the airflow and the influence of oil droplets, dust, etc. mixed in the airflow on the temperature sensor, thereby improving the service life of the temperature sensor; effectively reduces the size of the probe head and improves the spatial resolution of the probe; strengthens the convection heat exchange between the airflow and the temperature sensor, so that the temperature recovery coefficient is high and stable within a large deflection angle and pitch angle range; and the temperature sensor is on the central axis of the pressure measuring hole, which can ensure full parameter measurement of the same streamline. Most importantly, the probe for measuring full parameters of a three-dimensional transonic steady-state flow field of the present invention can simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, speed and density of a three-dimensional steady-state flow field with a single probe.

[0005] The present invention provides a probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady flow field, and the technical problems to be solved are: first, the existing probe cannot simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, speed, and density parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady flow field; second, the temperature sensor of the existing temperature probe is easily damaged and has a short lifespan; third, the existing probe has a large size and poor spatial resolution; fourth, the existing temperature probe has a small airflow insensitivity angle.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0007] 1. A probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, comprising a probe head (1), a temperature sensor (2), a convection heat exchange hole (3), a heat-insulating seal (4), a temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), a pressure measuring middle hole (6), a pressure measuring upper hole (7), a pressure measuring lower hole (8), a pressure measuring left hole (9), a pressure measuring right hole (10), a pressure lead pipe channel (11), a probe support rod (12), a pressure lead pipe (13) and a temperature sensor cable (14), characterized in that: the probe head (1) is cylindrical, and the top of the cylinder is A truncated cone structure extends in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the column, the center line of the truncated cone is perpendicular to and intersects with the center line of the column, a pressure measuring center hole (6) is provided on the top surface of the truncated cone, and mutually unconnected pressure measuring upper holes (7), pressure measuring lower holes (8), pressure measuring left holes (9) and pressure measuring right holes (10) are evenly provided on the side surface of the truncated cone, a circular channel is provided along the axial direction close to the leeward side of the probe head (1), and six circular convection heat exchange holes (3) are provided on the leeward side of the probe head (1) facing away from the truncated cone. The six convection heat exchange holes can be either air inlet holes or air outlet holes, and can be self-adapted according to the incoming flow direction.

[0008] 2. Furthermore, the diameter of the cylindrical probe head (1) is 2 to 8 mm, and the length is 10 to 45 mm. Five mutually unconnected circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) and a circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) are provided along the axial direction of the probe. The five circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) are respectively connected to the pressure measuring middle hole (6), the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9), and the pressure measuring right hole (10) at the top of the probe head (1), and are respectively connected to five pressure-conducting pipes (13) encapsulated at the connection between the probe head (1) and the probe support rod (12). The pressure-conducting pipe (13) is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the pressure-conducting pipe channel (11) in the probe support rod (12).

[0009] 3. Furthermore, the distance between the top surface of the truncated cone structure of the probe head (1) extending perpendicularly to the center line of the cylinder and the center line of the cylinder is 1.8 times the radius of the cylinder of the probe head (1), the diameter of the top surface is 0.5 to 2 mm, the diameter of the bottom surface is 1.5 to 6 mm, and the distance between the top surface and the bottom surface is 0.5 to 2 mm. The truncated cone structure is connected to the probe head (1) through a cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the bottom surface of the truncated cone, the pressure measuring middle hole (6), the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all circular and have the same diameter of 0.2 to 1.5 mm. The center line of the pressure measuring middle hole (6) coincides with the center line of the truncated cone, and the distance from the top surface of the probe head (1) is 0.8 to 3 mm. The pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all opened perpendicular to the side of the truncated cone.

[0010] 4. Furthermore, the six convection heat exchange holes (3) are all circular and have the same diameter of 0.5 to 2.5 mm. Three convection heat exchange holes (3) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction at two axial positions of the probe head (1). The circumferential angle between adjacent convection heat exchange holes (3) on the cylindrical surface of the probe head (1) is 60° to 75°. The plane where the center lines of the three circumferentially evenly distributed convection heat exchange holes (3) are located is perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. The plane where the center lines of a row of convection heat exchange holes (3) closer to the top surface of the probe head (1) are located is 0.5 to 1 mm away from the top surface of the probe head (1). The axial spacing distance between adjacent and different axial positions of the convection heat exchange holes (3) is 0.6 to 4 mm. The diameter of the circular channel where the temperature sensor (2) head is located is 0.8 to 3.5 mm. The axial length of the circular channel is 2 to 12 mm. The axis of the circular channel is 1 to 1 mm away from the top surface of the probe head (1). The axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) coincides, the center axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) is 0.7 to 3 mm away from the center line of the column, and the center axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), the center line of the column and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6) are on the same plane. The head of the temperature sensor (2) is located at the intersection of the axis of the circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6). The temperature sensor (2) is not directly facing the convection heat exchange hole (3), which can effectively reduce the radiation error in the temperature measurement process. The temperature sensor (2) is fixed by a heat-insulating seal (4), and the heat-insulating seal (4) plays the role of heat insulation, insulation, sealing and fixing. When installing, the temperature sensor (2) and the heat-insulating seal (4) are first installed and fixed on the circular channel, and then the opening at the top of the probe head (1) is covered and welded. The temperature sensor cable (14) is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) in the probe, and the cylindrical axis of the probe head (1) coincides with the cylindrical axis of the probe support rod (12).

[0011] 5. After calibration, the probe of the present invention can simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, velocity and density of the transonic three-dimensional flow field.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The present invention provides a probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field. A single probe can be used to simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, speed and density of the transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, thereby effectively reducing interference to the measured flow field, improving test accuracy, simplifying test operations and reducing test costs.

[0014] The temperature sensor faces away from the mainstream, and the convection heat exchange hole is opened in the low-speed separation zone where the probe head flows around. First, the scouring of the temperature sensor by the airflow is reduced, and the influence of oil droplets, dust, etc. mixed in the airflow on the temperature sensor is reduced, which effectively improves the service life of the temperature sensor; second, the strength requirement of the temperature sensor is relatively low, so a smaller and finer temperature sensor can be selected, and the pressure measuring hole and the convection heat exchange hole are respectively arranged on the windward side and the leeward side of the probe head, which fully utilizes the probe head space, and does not need a stagnation cover to collect the incoming flow, so the size of the probe is small and its spatial resolution is high; third, the range of the separation low-speed zone is large, and the counter-vortex in the separation zone effectively strengthens the heat exchange between the airflow and the temperature sensor, so the temperature recovery coefficient is high and stable within a large deflection angle and pitch angle range during measurement. At the same time, the present invention places the temperature sensor on the leeward side of the probe head, facing the pressure measuring hole on the windward side, which at least ensures the simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters of the same streamline.

[0015] The probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field of the present invention can simultaneously measure all parameters of the transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, and has the characteristics of small size, large airflow insensitivity angle, high reliability, high spatial resolution and high measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A-direction view.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Right view of .

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Left view of .

[0020] Among them: 1-probe head, 2-temperature sensor, 3-convection heat exchange hole, 4-insulation seal, 5-temperature sensor cable lead-out channel, 6-pressure measuring middle hole, 7-pressure measuring upper hole, 8-pressure measuring lower hole, 9-pressure measuring left hole, 10-pressure measuring right hole, 11-pressure lead pipe channel, 12-probe support rod, 13-pressure lead pipe, 14-temperature sensor cable.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the probe of the present invention being used to measure the three-dimensional flow field between compressor stages.

[0022] Among them: 1-casing wall, 2-hub wall, 3-first stage stator, 4-second stage rotor, 5-probe of the present invention, 6-second stage stator.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A-direction view.

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Right view of .

[0026] Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 Left view of .

[0027] Among them: 1-probe head, 2-temperature sensor, 3-convection heat exchange hole, 4-insulation seal, 5-temperature sensor cable lead-out channel, 6-pressure measuring middle hole, 7-pressure measuring upper hole, 8-pressure measuring lower hole, 9-pressure measuring left hole, 10-pressure measuring right hole, 11-pressure lead pipe channel, 12-probe support rod, 13-pressure lead pipe, 14-temperature sensor cable.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the probe of the present invention being used to measure the three-dimensional flow field at the compressor inlet.

[0029] Among them: 1-casing wall, 2-hub wall, 3-probe of the present invention, 4-first stage stator, 5-second stage rotor, 6-second stage stator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] For the measurement of the three-dimensional flow field between the impeller stages, the measurement space is narrow and the three-dimensionality of the incoming flow is strong. In order to ensure the spatial resolution, a smaller lateral dimension of the probe head and a smaller diameter of the pressure measuring hole should be selected. The temperature sensor can use a smaller bare wire thermocouple to ensure refined measurement and improve measurement accuracy. Therefore, the following implementation method can be adopted:

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the probe of the present invention applied to compressor interstage measurement. Figure 5The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of the probe for measuring the three-dimensional flow field between compressor stages. A probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, comprising a probe head (1), a temperature sensor (2), a convection heat exchange hole (3), a heat insulation seal (4), a temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), a pressure measuring middle hole (6), a pressure measuring upper hole (7), a pressure measuring lower hole (8), a pressure measuring left hole (9), a pressure measuring right hole (10), a pressure lead pipe channel (11), a probe support rod (12), a pressure lead pipe (13) and a temperature sensor cable (14), characterized in that: the probe head (1) is The probe is cylindrical, and a truncated cone structure extends from the top of the cylinder perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. The center line of the truncated cone is perpendicular to and intersects with the center line of the cylinder. A middle pressure measuring hole (6) is provided on the top surface of the truncated cone, and mutually unconnected upper pressure measuring holes (7), lower pressure measuring holes (8), left pressure measuring holes (9) and right pressure measuring holes (10) are evenly provided on the side surface of the truncated cone. A circular channel is provided along the axial direction close to the leeward side of the probe head (1), and six circular convection heat exchange holes (3) are provided on the leeward side of the probe head (1) facing away from the truncated cone. The temperature sensor is a bare wire thermocouple.

[0034] The probe head (1) is cylindrical and has a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 10 mm. Five mutually unconnected circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) and a circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) are provided along the axial direction of the probe. The five circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) are respectively connected to the pressure measuring middle hole (6), the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9), and the pressure measuring right hole (10) at the top of the probe head (1), and are respectively connected to five pressure-conducting pipes (13) encapsulated at the connection between the probe head (1) and the probe support rod (12). The pressure-conducting pipes (13) are led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) in the probe support rod (12).

[0035] The distance between the top surface of the truncated cone structure extending perpendicularly to the center line of the cylinder of the probe head (1) and the center line of the cylinder is 1.8 times the radius of the cylinder of the probe head (1), the diameter of the top surface is 0.5 mm, the diameter of the bottom surface is 1.5 mm, and the distance between the top surface and the bottom surface is 0.5 mm. The truncated cone structure is connected to the probe head (1) through a cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the bottom surface of the truncated cone, the pressure measuring middle hole (6), the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all circular and have the same diameter of 0.2 mm. The center line of the pressure measuring middle hole (6) coincides with the center line of the truncated cone, and the distance from the top surface of the probe head (1) is 0.8 mm. The pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all opened perpendicular to the side of the truncated cone;

[0036] The six convection heat exchange holes (3) are all circular and have the same diameter of 0.5 mm. Three convection heat exchange holes (3) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction at two axial positions of the probe head (1). The circumferential angle between adjacent convection heat exchange holes (3) on the cylindrical surface of the probe head (1) is 60°. The plane where the center lines of the three circumferentially evenly distributed convection heat exchange holes (3) are located is perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. The plane where the center lines of a row of convection heat exchange holes (3) closer to the top surface of the probe head (1) are located is 0.5 mm away from the top surface of the probe head (1). The axial spacing distance between adjacent and different axial positions of the convection heat exchange holes (3) is 0.6 mm. The diameter of the circular channel where the temperature sensor (2) head is located is 0.8 mm, and the axial length of the circular channel is 2 The circular channel axis coincides with the axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), the center axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) is 0.7 mm away from the center line of the column, and the center axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), the center line of the column and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6) are on the same plane. The head of the temperature sensor (2) is located at the intersection of the axis of the circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6). The temperature sensor (2) is fixed by a heat-insulating seal (4). The temperature sensor cable (14) is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) in the probe, and the cylindrical axis of the probe head (1) coincides with the cylindrical axis of the probe support rod (12).

[0037] The probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady flow field of the present invention can simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, speed and density of the transonic three-dimensional steady flow field. The specific method of use is as follows:

[0038] The probe of the present invention needs to be calibrated before use to obtain the aerodynamic calibration curve of the probe. The probe calibration is carried out in a calibration wind tunnel. Within the calibration range, the probe deflection angle and pitch angle are changed at different Mach numbers. The curves of the probe's deflection angle coefficient, pitch angle coefficient, total pressure coefficient, static pressure coefficient and temperature recovery coefficient as they change with the pitch angle and deflection angle are determined by aerodynamic calibration; the deflection angle coefficient, pitch angle coefficient, total pressure coefficient, static pressure coefficient and temperature recovery coefficient are defined as follows:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Among them, C py is the deflection angle coefficient, C pp is the pitch angle coefficient, C pt is the total pressure coefficient, C ps is the static pressure coefficient, C T is the temperature recovery coefficient, P t , P s , T t and T s are the total pressure, static pressure, total temperature and static temperature of the calibration wind tunnel, P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 are the pressure values ​​measured by the probe pressure measuring middle hole, pressure measuring left hole, pressure measuring right hole, pressure measuring upper hole and pressure measuring lower hole respectively, T p The temperature value measured by the temperature sensor.

[0046] When in use, the probe of the present invention is inserted into the measured flow field to obtain the pressures measured by the five pressure measuring holes and the temperature measured by the leeward temperature sensor of the probe head. Based on the pressures measured by the five pressure measuring holes and the temperature measured by the leeward temperature sensor of the probe head, according to the known calibration coefficient curve, combined with the following formula, the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, velocity and density of the three-dimensional steady-state flow field are obtained.

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] c 2 =γRT s

[0051] P S = ρRT S

[0052] Among them, P t and P s is the total pressure and static pressure of the flow field, γ is the adiabatic index of the flow field, T t and T s is the total temperature and static temperature of the flow field, Ma is the Mach number of the flow field, v is the flow field velocity, ρ is the density, c is the local sound speed of the flow field, and R is the gas constant.

[0053] Implementation case 2:

[0054] For the measurement of the three-dimensional flow field at the compressor inlet, the incoming flow is relatively uniform, but it is easy to contain impurities such as dust. Therefore, a larger transverse dimension of the probe head should be selected to ensure strength and rigidity, and a larger diameter should be selected for the pressure measuring hole to prevent contamination and blockage by impurities. The temperature sensor can use an armored thermocouple to ensure life. Therefore, the following implementation plan can be adopted:

[0055] like Figures 6 to 9 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the probe of the present invention used for measuring the compressor inlet. Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of the probe for measuring the three-dimensional flow field at the compressor inlet. A probe for measuring all parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, comprising a probe head (1), a temperature sensor (2), a convection heat exchange hole (3), a heat insulation seal (4), a temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), a pressure measuring middle hole (6), a pressure measuring upper hole (7), a pressure measuring lower hole (8), a pressure measuring left hole (9), a pressure measuring right hole (10), a pressure lead pipe channel (11), a probe support rod (12), a pressure lead pipe (13) and a temperature sensor cable (14), characterized in that: the probe head (1) is The probe is cylindrical, and a truncated cone structure extends from the top of the cylinder perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. The center line of the truncated cone is perpendicular to and intersects with the center line of the cylinder. A middle pressure measuring hole (6) is provided on the top surface of the truncated cone. An upper pressure measuring hole (7), a lower pressure measuring hole (8), a left pressure measuring hole (9) and a right pressure measuring hole (10) that are not connected to each other are evenly provided on the side surface of the truncated cone. A circular channel is provided along the axial direction close to the leeward side of the probe head (1). Six circular convection heat exchange holes (3) are provided on the leeward side of the probe head (1) that is opposite to the truncated cone. The temperature sensor is an armored thermocouple.

[0056] The probe head (1) is cylindrical and has a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 45 mm. Five mutually unconnected circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) and a circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) are provided along the axial direction of the probe. The five circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) are respectively connected to the pressure measuring middle hole (6), the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9), and the pressure measuring right hole (10) at the top of the probe head (1), and are respectively connected to five pressure-conducting pipes (13) encapsulated at the connection between the probe head (1) and the probe support rod (12). The pressure-conducting pipe (13) is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the pressure-conducting pipe channel (11) in the probe support rod (12).

[0057] The distance between the top surface of the truncated cone structure of the probe head (1) extending perpendicularly to the center line of the cylinder and the center line of the cylinder is 1.8 times the radius of the cylinder of the probe head (1), the diameter of the top surface is 2 mm, the diameter of the bottom surface is 6 mm, and the distance between the top surface and the bottom surface is 2 mm. The truncated cone structure is connected to the probe head (1) through a cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the bottom surface of the truncated cone, the pressure measuring middle hole (6), the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all circular and have the same diameter of 1.5 mm. The center line of the pressure measuring middle hole (6) coincides with the center line of the truncated cone, and the distance from the top surface of the probe head (1) is 3 mm. The pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all opened perpendicular to the side of the truncated cone;

[0058] The six convection heat exchange holes (3) are all circular and have the same diameter of 2.5 mm. Three convection heat exchange holes (3) are evenly distributed circumferentially at two axial positions of the probe head (1). The circumferential angle between adjacent convection heat exchange holes (3) on the cylindrical surface of the probe head (1) is 75°. The plane where the center lines of the three circumferentially evenly distributed convection heat exchange holes (3) are located is perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. The plane where the center lines of a row of convection heat exchange holes (3) closer to the top surface of the probe head (1) are located is 1 mm away from the top surface of the probe head (1). The axial spacing distance between adjacent and different axial positions of the convection heat exchange holes (3) is 4 mm. The diameter of the circular channel where the temperature sensor (2) head is located is 3.5 mm, and the axial length of the circular channel is 12 mm. m, the axis of the circular channel coincides with the axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), the central axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) is 3 mm away from the center line of the cylinder, and the central axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), the center line of the cylinder and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6) are on the same plane, the head of the temperature sensor (2) is located at the intersection of the axis of the circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6), the temperature sensor (2) is fixed by a heat-insulating seal (4), the temperature sensor cable (14) is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) in the probe, and the cylindrical axis of the probe head (1) coincides with the cylindrical axis of the probe support rod (12);

[0059] That is, a single probe of the present invention can be used to simultaneously obtain the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, speed and density of a transonic three-dimensional steady-state flow field, effectively reducing interference with the measured flow field, improving the test accuracy, simplifying the test operation and reducing the test cost; the layout and structural design of the temperature sensor facing away from the mainstream and opening six circular convection heat exchange holes on the leeward side of the probe head effectively reduces the scouring of the temperature sensor by the airflow and the influence of oil droplets, dust and the like mixed in the airflow on the temperature sensor, thereby improving the service life of the temperature sensor; effectively reducing the size of the probe head and improving the spatial resolution of the probe; strengthening the convection heat exchange between the airflow and the temperature sensor, so that the temperature recovery coefficient is high and stable within a larger deflection angle and pitch angle range; and the temperature sensor is located on the central axis of the pressure measuring hole, which can ensure multi-parameter measurement of the same streamline. The probe of the present invention effectively solves the problem that existing probes cannot simultaneously measure the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, speed, and density parameters of a transonic three-dimensional steady flow field; solves the problem that the temperature sensor of the existing temperature probe is easily damaged and has a short life; solves the problem that the existing probe has a large size and poor spatial resolution; and solves the problem that the existing temperature probe has a small airflow insensitivity angle.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the full parameters of the transonic three-dimensional steady flow field at the inlet and outlet of a turbine machinery and between stages using a probe of the full parameters of the transonic three-dimensional steady flow field. The probe of the full parameters of the transonic three-dimensional steady flow field used is structured as follows: a probe head (1), a temperature sensor (2), a convection heat exchange hole (3), a heat insulation seal (4), a temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), a pressure measuring middle hole (6), a pressure measuring upper hole (7), a pressure measuring lower hole (8), a pressure measuring left hole (9), a pressure measuring right hole (10), a pressure lead pipe channel (11), a probe support rod (12), a pressure lead pipe (13) and a temperature sensor cable (14), and is characterized in that: The probe head (1) is cylindrical, and a truncated cone structure extends from the top of the cylinder perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. The center line of the truncated cone is perpendicular to and intersects with the center line of the cylinder. A pressure measuring middle hole (6) is provided on the top surface of the truncated cone, and mutually unconnected pressure measuring upper holes (7), pressure measuring lower holes (8), pressure measuring left holes (9) and pressure measuring right holes (10) are evenly provided on the side of the truncated cone. A circular channel is provided along the axial direction close to the leeward side of the probe head (1), and six circular convection heat exchange holes (3) are provided on the leeward side of the probe head (1) facing away from the truncated cone. The probe head (1) is cylindrical and has a diameter of 2 to 8 mm and a length of 10 to 45 mm. Five mutually unconnected circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) and a circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) are provided along the axial direction of the probe. The five circular pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) are respectively connected to a pressure measuring middle hole (6), a pressure measuring upper hole (7), a pressure measuring lower hole (8), a pressure measuring left hole (9), and a pressure measuring right hole (10) at the top of the probe head (1), and are respectively connected to five pressure-conducting pipes (13) encapsulated at the connection between the probe head (1) and the probe support rod (12). The pressure-conducting pipes (13) are led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the pressure-conducting pipe channels (11) in the probe support rod (12). The distance between the top surface of the truncated cone structure of the probe head (1) extending perpendicularly to the center line of the cylinder and the center line of the cylinder is 1.8 times the radius of the cylinder of the probe head (1), the diameter of the top surface is 0.5 to 2 mm, the diameter of the bottom surface is 1.5 to 6 mm, and the distance between the top surface and the bottom surface is 0.5 to 2 mm. The truncated cone structure is connected to the probe head (1) through a cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is the same as the diameter of the bottom surface of the truncated cone, the pressure measuring middle hole (6), the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all circular and have the same diameter of 0.2 to 1.5 mm, the center line of the pressure measuring middle hole (6) coincides with the center line of the truncated cone, and the distance from the top surface of the probe head (1) is 0.8 to 3 mm, and the pressure measuring upper hole (7), the pressure measuring lower hole (8), the pressure measuring left hole (9) and the pressure measuring right hole (10) are all opened perpendicular to the side of the truncated cone; The six convection heat exchange holes (3) are all circular and have the same diameter of 0.5 to 2.5 mm. Three convection heat exchange holes (3) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction along two axial positions of the probe head (1). The circumferential angle between adjacent convection heat exchange holes (3) on the cylindrical surface of the probe head (1) is 60° to 75°. The plane where the center lines of the three circumferentially evenly distributed convection heat exchange holes (3) are located is perpendicular to the center line of the cylinder. The plane where the center lines of a row of convection heat exchange holes (3) closer to the top surface of the probe head (1) are located is 0.5 to 1 mm away from the top surface of the probe head (1). The axial spacing distance between adjacent and different axial positions of the convection heat exchange holes (3) is 0.6 to 4 mm. The diameter of the circular channel where the temperature sensor (2) head is located is 0.8 to 3.5 mm. The circular channel is axially spaced from the top surface of the probe head (1). The length is 2 to 12 mm, the axis of the circular channel coincides with the axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), the center axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) is 0.7 to 3 mm away from the center line of the column, and the center axis of the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5), the center line of the column and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6) are on the same plane, the head of the temperature sensor (2) is located at the intersection of the axis of the circular temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) and the center line of the pressure measuring hole (6), the temperature sensor (2) is fixed by a heat-insulating seal (4), the temperature sensor cable (14) is led out of the tail of the probe support rod (12) through the temperature sensor cable lead-out channel (5) in the probe, and the cylindrical axis of the probe head (1) coincides with the cylindrical axis of the probe support rod (12); The use steps are as follows: the first step is to calibrate the probe to obtain an aerodynamic calibration curve of the probe, wherein the probe calibration is performed in a calibration wind tunnel, within the calibration range, the probe deflection angle and pitch angle are changed at different Mach numbers, and the curves of the probe's deflection angle coefficient, pitch angle coefficient, total pressure coefficient, static pressure coefficient and temperature recovery coefficient changing with the pitch angle and deflection angle are determined through aerodynamic calibration; Step 2: Insert the probe into the flow field to be measured, obtain the pressure measured by the five pressure measuring holes and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor on the leeward side of the probe head, and based on the pressure measured by the five pressure measuring holes and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor on the leeward side of the probe head and the known calibration coefficient curve, obtain the total temperature, total pressure, static temperature, static pressure, Mach number, deflection angle, pitch angle, velocity, and density of the three-dimensional steady-state flow field.

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