A rapid water inrush prevention device for underwater tunnels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rapid anti-water gushing device for underwater tunnels, comprising: an inflatable airbag fixedly arranged on the side wall of the tunnel lining; an air pump arranged outside the tunnel and used to inflate the airbag; and a plurality of restraint belts arranged outside the airbag and used to restrain the airbag in a compressed state. The rapid anti-water gushing device for underwater tunnels of the present invention is suitable for tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes, and solves the problems that the tunnel water retaining device occupies the tunnel clearance, affects construction and transportation, is restricted by surrounding rock conditions, and is difficult to build and dismantle. When a water gushing accident occurs in the tunnel, the air pump can be turned on the ground to form a water retaining wall, and a blocking wall can be quickly established through ground control. The operation is convenient and quick, and it can be quickly put into use to prevent the spread of water, provide buffer time for rescue, and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment behind the work side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel safety devices, and in particular to a rapid water inrush prevention device for an underwater tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels that cross rivers and seas are often important nodes in modern urban transportation systems. Currently, the most commonly used construction methods for underwater tunnels are: mining method, shield method, immersed tube method, etc. Among them, mining method tunnels are widely used in sites with deep water and complex geological conditions. Representative projects include Xiamen Xiang'an Undersea Tunnel, Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Undersea Tunnel, etc.

[0003] Unlike shield tunnels, the excavation face of underwater tunnels using the mining method is open. When passing through water-rich soft strata or rock strata with developed fissures, water gushing accidents are prone to occur on the excavation face, which may affect the construction progress at the least and threaten the safety of personnel and equipment in the tunnel at the worst. When encountering such stratum conditions, grouting reinforcement and water blocking are generally used, supplemented by mechanical pumping methods for pretreatment. However, due to the uncertainty of the underground engineering environment, the effect of grouting reinforcement varies from place to place and from time to time. The Xiang'an Subsea Tunnel and the Jiaozhou Bay Subsea Tunnel have experienced varying degrees of water gushing on the excavation face during the excavation process after grouting. Therefore, underwater tunnels using the mining method generally have at least one temporary water retaining device arranged behind the excavation face to deal with this situation.

[0004] The currently used temporary water retaining device is as follows: behind the excavation face, a concrete wall is cast in the complete section of the surrounding rock, and connected to the surrounding surrounding rock through radial anchor cables (tubes). A door opening is reserved on the wall and a single or double steel door leaf is installed. The door can only be opened in one direction toward the excavation face, and compressible sealing rubber strips are installed around the door leaf and door frame. During normal tunnel construction, the door leaf is open; when a water gushing accident occurs on the working face, the door leaf is closed to block the incoming water. This water retaining device has the following limitations:

[0005] 1) The door beam intrudes into the tunnel clearance, forming a bottleneck for transportation;

[0006] 2) To meet the sealing requirements, the concrete door beam must be equipped with a threshold and a steel bridge must be placed diagonally before vehicles can pass through. If the door leaf is closed, heavy obstacles such as the steel bridge must be removed first, which will undoubtedly affect the efficiency of rescue;

[0007] 3) It is required to be installed in the section where the surrounding rock is intact and has high strength, and the location selection is not free;

[0008] 4) As a temporary construction structure, it is difficult to dismantle later;

[0009] 5) The casting of concrete door beams and welding of steel structure door panels are complex and costly. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underwater tunnel rapid water inrush prevention device which can rapidly expand and fill the tunnel to prevent the spread of water potential.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the specific technical solution of a rapid water inrush prevention device for an underwater tunnel of the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A rapid water inrush prevention device for an underwater tunnel comprises: an inflatable air bag fixedly arranged on the side wall of the tunnel lining; an air pump arranged outside the tunnel and used for inflating the air bag; and a plurality of restraining belts arranged outside the air bag and used for restraining the air bag in a compressed state.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an inflation tube, which is arranged longitudinally along the tunnel, one end of which is connected to the inflation pump, and the other end is connected to the airbag to be inflated. The inflation pump inflates air into the airbag through the inflation tube to expand the airbag.

[0014] Furthermore, the airbag includes a load-bearing frame, which is a high-strength synthetic fiber fabric.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner surface and the outer surface of the airbag are both provided with a rubber layer, and the expansion of the airbag is achieved by the elasticity of the rubber layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the open end of the airbag is fixed to the side wall of the tunnel lining through bolts and a pressure plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the restraining belt is arranged parallel to the tunnel axis, and both ends are fixed to the pressure plates on the side walls of the tunnel lining by bolts.

[0018] Furthermore, at least one row of mechanical holes is evenly arranged on the restraining belt, and the mechanical holes are arranged along the belt width direction of the restraining belt.

[0019] The advantages of the underwater tunnel rapid water inrush prevention device of the present invention are:

[0020] 1) It is applicable to tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes, solving the problems of tunnel water retaining devices occupying tunnel clearance, affecting construction and transportation, being restricted by surrounding rock conditions, and being difficult to build and dismantle.

[0021] 2) When a water gushing accident occurs in the tunnel, the air pump can be turned on the ground to form a water retaining wall. A blocking wall can be quickly established through ground control. The operation is convenient and fast, and it can be put into use quickly to block the spread of water, provide buffer time for rescue, and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment behind the work side;

[0022] 3) The airbag can be folded and stored in the side wall of the tunnel, without occupying the tunnel clearance and affecting the passage of construction and transportation vehicles; it can be stored in the non-working state and does not occupy the internal space of the tunnel;

[0023] 4) It is easy to dismantle after the tunnel is through. The removal of the airbag is simpler and more labor-saving than that of concrete and steel structures;

[0024] 5) The process is simple and the cost is relatively lower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a side view of the water surge prevention device of the present invention in a retracted state;

[0026] Figure 2 It is an axial view of the tunnel when the water inrush prevention device of the present invention is in the retracted state;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a side view of the water surge prevention device of the present invention in working state;

[0028] Figure 4 An axial view of a tunnel when the water inrush prevention device of the present invention is in working state;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a large-scale drawing of the constraint belt in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A large-scale drawing of the bolts and metal pressure plates used in the present invention to fix the edge of the airbag.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Tunnel lining; 2. Air bag; 3. Inflation tube; 4. Inflation pump; 5. Restraint belt; 6. Bolt; 7. Pressure plate; 8. Mechanical hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the rapid anti-water inrush device for underwater tunnel of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it is a rapid anti-water inrush device for underwater tunnels of the present invention, with space reserved by the side wall of the tunnel, including an air pump 4, a restraining belt 5 and an inflatable air bag 2. The open end of the air bag 2 is fixed to the side wall of the tunnel lining 1 through a pressure plate 7 and a bolt 6; the air pump 4 is arranged on the ground outside the tunnel, and is used to inflate the air bag 2; the air pipe 3 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, one end of which is connected to the air pump 4 on the ground, and the other end is connected to the air bag 2 to be inflated, and the air pump 4 inflates the air bag 2 through the air pipe 3; the restraining belt 5 is arranged outside the air bag 2 and is arranged parallel to the axis of the tunnel, and is used to restrain the air bag 2 in a compressed state.

[0034] The airbag 2 of the present invention has two states: first, a compressed state, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when there is no flooding accident in the tunnel, the airbag 2 is deflated and folded, and the restraint belt 5 is used to fit it into the reserved space on the side wall, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown; second, the expansion state, such as Figure 3 As shown, when a water inrush accident occurs in the tunnel, the air pump 4 on the ground is turned on, and compressed air enters the airbag 2 through the air inflation tube 3 to expand it, thereby filling the tunnel clearance.

[0035] Furthermore, the airbag 2 includes a load-bearing frame, which is a high-strength synthetic fiber fabric. In addition, the inner surface and the outer surface of the airbag 2 are both provided with a rubber layer (preferably an EPDM rubber layer), and the elasticity of the rubber layer is used to achieve the expansion of the airbag 2, such as Figure 4 As shown, the shape of the airbag 2 after being inflated is consistent with the contour of the tunnel and fits closely with the tunnel lining, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 shown.

[0036] Furthermore, the edge of the open end of the airbag 2 is laid flat on the side wall of the tunnel lining 1 and is tightly pressed by a pressure plate 7. The thickness of the pressure plate 7 is 0.8 to 1.2 cm and the width is 2.8 cm to 3.2 cm (preferably a metal plate of 1 cm thick × 3 cm wide). The pressure plate 7 is fixed to the side wall of the tunnel lining 1 by bolts 6 (M22 expansion bolts), and polyurethane sealant is applied around the annular press seam for secondary sealing.

[0037] Furthermore, a plurality of restraint belts 5 (preferably glass fiber restraint belts) are arranged outside the airbag 2, the restraint belts 5 are arranged parallel to the tunnel axis, and both ends are fixed to the pressure plate 7 by bolts 6. When the airbag 2 is in the deflated state, it is folded and fixed to the reserved space on the side wall by at least three glass fiber restraint belts 5 parallel to the tunnel axis.

[0038] Furthermore, at least one row of mechanical holes 8 are evenly arranged on the restraint belt 5, and the mechanical holes 8 are arranged along the width direction of the restraint belt 5. When the airbag 2 expands, the restraint belt 5 is pulled and finally breaks along the arrangement direction of the mechanical holes, ending the restraint.

[0039] The working process of a rapid anti-water inrush device for an underwater tunnel of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0040] When the tunnel is in normal use, the airbag 2 is deflated and folded into a compressed state, and is fixed to the reserved space on the tunnel side wall by the restraining belt 5 .

[0041] When a water inrush accident occurs in the tunnel, the air pump 4 inflates the airbag 2 through the air pipe 3. After the airbag 2 expands, the restraining belt 5 breaks under tension, and the airbag 2 fills the tunnel clearance.

[0042] The invention discloses a rapid anti-water gushing device for underwater tunnels, which is suitable for tunnels of various cross-sectional shapes and solves the problems that the previous tunnel water retaining devices occupy the tunnel clearance, affect construction and transportation, are restricted by surrounding rock conditions, and are difficult to build and dismantle, etc.; when a water gushing accident occurs in the tunnel, an air pump can be turned on on the ground to form a water retaining wall, and a blocking wall can be quickly established through ground control, which is convenient and quick to operate and can be put into use quickly to block the spread of water, provide buffer time for rescue, and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment at the rear of the working side; the airbag can be folded and stored in the side wall of the tunnel, does not occupy the tunnel clearance, and does not affect the passage of construction and transportation vehicles; it can be stored in a non-working state and does not occupy the internal space of the tunnel; it is convenient to dismantle after the tunnel is penetrated, and the removal of the airbag is simpler and more labor-saving than that of concrete and steel structures; the construction method is simple and the cost is relatively lower.

[0043] The present invention is further described above with the aid of specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific description here should not be construed as limiting the essence and scope of the present invention. Various modifications made to the above embodiments by ordinary technicians in the field after reading this specification are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid water inrush prevention device for an underwater tunnel, characterized in that: include: An inflatable airbag (2) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the tunnel lining (1); an air pump (4) is arranged outside the tunnel and is used to inflate the airbag (2); and a plurality of restraining belts (5) are arranged outside the airbag (2) and are used to restrain the airbag (2) in a compressed state; The open end of the airbag (2) is fixed to the side wall of the tunnel lining (1) by means of bolts (6) and a pressure plate (7); The restraining belt (5) is arranged parallel to the tunnel axis, and its two ends are fixed to the pressure plate (7) on the side wall of the tunnel lining (1) by bolts (6); At least one row of mechanical holes (8) is evenly arranged on the restraining belt (5), and the mechanical holes (8) are arranged along the belt width direction of the restraining belt (5).

2. The water surge prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an inflation tube (3) which is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, one end of which is connected to an inflation pump (4) and the other end of which is connected to an air bag (2) to be inflated. The inflation pump (4) inflates air into the air bag (2) through the inflation tube (3) to expand the air bag.

3. The water surge prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag (2) comprises a load-bearing frame, which is a high-strength synthetic fiber fabric.

4. The water surge prevention device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The inner surface and the outer surface of the airbag (2) are both provided with a rubber layer, and the expansion of the airbag (2) is achieved through the elasticity of the rubber layer.

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