A device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem

Abstract

The invention discloses an outdoor device for simulating a pond ecosystem, comprising a plurality of simulated ponds, each of which is connected by a pipeline, wherein the plurality of simulated ponds comprises a regulating pond, a plurality of control groups and a plurality of treatment groups with different concentrations, wherein the plurality of control groups and the treatment groups with different concentrations are randomly distributed in each pond by a lottery method or a random allocation method, and the regulating pond is a water inlet and outlet transfer station for each of the control group and the treatment group with different concentrations. The device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem of the invention achieves the scale of a medium-sized pond ecological simulation system by setting a plurality of control groups and treatment groups with different concentrations in one system, and can simulate an actual complex static water ecosystem composed of a plurality of large aquatic plants, algae, zooplankton, benthic animals and microorganisms, and can better evaluate the effect of the complex ecological effects caused by the entry of chemical pollutants into an actual water body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of simulated pond ecosystem, in particular to a device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem. Background Art

[0002] The outdoor simulated pond ecosystem is a type of aquatic mesocosm technology. When the results of primary and advanced (single species or multi-species) toxicology tests in the laboratory indicate that a chemical substance poses a potential risk to aquatic organisms, the outdoor simulated pond ecosystem can be used to assess the actual aquatic ecological risk of the chemical substance.

[0003] In the existing literature: Design and application research of model pond ecosystem, Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 1995, 1(2), 103-113, Huang Yuyao, Gao Yurong, Ren Shuzhi, etc. briefly reported the design, construction and application research results of three model pond ecosystems, namely pond microcosm, pond mesocosm and model aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem. The design of the pond mesocosm is a fiberglass tank (3×1×1)m 3 The general design, construction and application of the system are to lay a certain amount of dry river mud containing seeds, spores and eggs of aquatic organisms and fill it with tap water. The initial nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are configured according to the medium-eutrophic level. After about one month of cultivation, they can grow into typical submerged plant communities and can be maintained for several months. The water tank is drained in winter and water is refilled for cultivation in the second year. The biological community can develop again and the system can be used continuously for several years. The author actually used monocarboxamidine pesticide as a test pesticide. The impact experiment results show that this type of simulation system can be used as a good tool to evaluate and predict the overall ecological effects caused by chemical pollutants entering the water body directly or through surface runoff.

[0004] However, the simulated pond ecosystem still has the following defects: 1) From the perspective of system size design, it has not reached the scale of an actual medium-sized pond ecological simulation system. The direct impact is that it cannot simulate the actual complex static water ecosystem composed of a variety of large aquatic plants, algae, zooplankton, benthic animals and microorganisms. Although the coefficient of variation between different parallel treatments in a small system is smaller to a certain extent, it is limited in effect for evaluating the complex ecological effects caused by the entry of chemical pollutants into actual water bodies; 2) Due to the scale and structural characteristics of the system, it can only be placed indoors or in a space with a large degree of artificial interference, and cannot simulate the ecosystem under actual field environmental conditions. Therefore, it is limited in effect for evaluating the complex ecological effects caused by the entry of chemical pollutants into actual water bodies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to design a complete set of equipment capable of conducting toxicological tests on advanced outdoor simulated pond ecosystems (mesocosms).

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides an outdoor simulated pond ecosystem device, comprising a plurality of simulated ponds, each pond being connected together by a pipeline, the plurality of simulated ponds comprising a regulating pond, a plurality of control groups and a plurality of treatment groups with different concentrations, the plurality of control groups and the treatment groups with different concentrations being randomly distributed in each pond by a lottery method or a random allocation method, the regulating pond being a transfer station for the inlet and outlet water of each control group and the ponds with different concentrations.

[0007] Preferably, the pond comprises a water tank body placed in a cement pit, a removable liner plate is provided at the bottom of the water tank body, and bottom mud is placed on the liner plate.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of pressure plates are evenly distributed along the top circumference of the water pool tank body, one end of the pressure plate is fixed to the top pool wall of the water pool tank body by bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top edge of the cement pit.

[0009] Preferably, the water pool tank body is made of inert material; the main body of the water pool tank body is buried underground, and the upper edge is exposed 20-30 cm above the ground.

[0010] Preferably, each water pool tank body includes a water inlet pipeline, a return pipeline and a control valve. The pool water in the regulating pool is pumped by a centrifugal pump and connected to the water inlet pipeline of each water pool tank body. The return pipelines of each water pool tank body are connected, and control valves are installed on the water inlet pipeline and the return pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the device further comprises a circuit system, wherein the circuit system is used to supply power to the lighting device and the centrifugal pump.

[0012] Preferably, the regulating pond is located lower than other ponds.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an isolation net, which is arranged outside the pond.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0015] The device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem of the present invention reaches the scale of a medium-sized pond ecological simulation system by setting up multiple control groups and different concentration treatment groups in one system. It can simulate an actual complex static water ecosystem composed of a variety of large aquatic plants, algae, zooplankton, benthic animals and microorganisms, and can better evaluate the effects of complex ecological effects caused by chemical pollutants entering actual water bodies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem;

[0018] Figure 2 Construction drawings for a single pond;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a single pond;

[0020] Figure 4 This is the distribution diagram of the pressure plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to design a complete set of equipment capable of conducting toxicological tests on advanced outdoor simulated pond ecosystems (mesocosms).

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides an outdoor simulated pond ecosystem device, which consists of 14 cylindrical simulated ponds (diameter 2.75 meters, total depth 1.55 meters, water depth above surface sediments: 1 meter) (Note: The size is only for reference in this example, keeping the water volume at 15m 3 The above is acceptable.) Three pools were used as control groups and five concentration treatment groups, with two parallel pools set up for each concentration treatment group.

[0025] Before the experiment, in order to reflect the principle of repetition and randomness of the experiment, the control group and the treatment groups with different concentrations were linked to the pool numbers according to the completely random grouping method such as the lottery method or the random number table method, so that the control group and the treatment group were randomly distributed in 13 pools from pool 1 to pool 13 during the experiment. Another pool (pool 14) was set up separately as a regulating pool. The regulating pool serves as a transfer station for the inlet and outlet of each pool, and as a backup pool for the water ecosystem during the experiment. The pools are connected together by a pipeline system.

[0026] The pool construction materials used for simulating ponds should be inert materials, such as PE (polyethylene), HDPE (high-density polyethylene) and glass fiber, which have good plasticity, strong corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength to build the single pool system of the universe. The overall structure and single unit are Figure 1 and Figure 2 . Note that materials with small specific heat capacity such as cement should be avoided, which may cause large fluctuations in water temperature in the mesocosm system. In addition, the mesocosm tank should be mostly buried underground, which is conducive to the stability of system temperature and easy operation. The upper edge should be exposed 20 to 30 cm above the ground to prevent small animals from entering the tank and causing system interference. Before placing the tank of the pool, a cement pit will be built first, and then the tank will be placed in it as a whole. Depending on the inert material used to build the pool, the connection and fixing method between the cement pit and the tank is different. For example, when using a fiberglass pressure plate, when building a pool, the fiberglass pressure plate can be hot-formed and directly built as a whole with the water tank, or one end of the pressure plate can be fixed to the top of the outer side of the pool wall with bolts, perpendicular to the pool wall, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cement pit structure, so that the pool is tightly and rigidly connected to the external cement to avoid mechanical extrusion and deformation of the pool body caused by rising groundwater levels.

[0027] Different simulated ponds should be connected by a circulating water network ( Figure 1 The water from pool 14 is pumped through the centrifugal pump in pool 14, and then flows from pool 14 to pools 1 to 13 through the water inlet pipe. Since there are pipes (return pipes) between the pools, the water in each pool flows back to pool 14 through the pipes under the action of the water level difference. The uniformity of the system in pools 1 to 14 can be achieved through the uninterrupted operation of the water pump. Control valves are installed on the water inlet and return pipes. The water circulation is cut off one week before the formal test to achieve an independent water ecological system for each pool.

[0028] It is recommended that the equalization pool (No. 14) and other pools (No. 1-13) have a certain elevation difference, including the return pipe (B) from pool No. 1 to pool No. 14 should also have a certain elevation difference, that is, the position of pool No. 14 is slightly lower than other pools, and the return pipe (B) also has a certain inclination angle accordingly. The purpose is to make full use of the elevation pressure difference to make the water of each pool flow to the equalization pool during water circulation.

[0029] like Figure 2 and 3 , a tray-shaped liner slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the water tank is placed in each pool (in this example, the inner diameter of the water tank is 2.75m, the outer diameter of the liner is 2.5m, and the height is about 0.5m, see Figure 2 ), 3 to 4 anchor points are set inside for large lifting devices to fix. During operation, 10 to 15 cm of bottom mud is placed on the liner disc. After the test, the liner disc can be directly lifted for cleaning and replacement of the bottom mud.

[0030] The outdoor simulated pond ecosystem device also has protection settings such as circuits and isolation nets to ensure that it is in normal working condition. The circuit can power the water pump and lighting system, and the isolation net can prevent non-staff and foreign creatures such as beasts and birds from affecting the system.

[0031] The device for simulating the outdoor pond ecosystem must have certain artificial control conditions to control the simulated water ecology (mesocosm) system test system cultivated outdoors, which is used to evaluate the impact of pesticides and other chemical substances on different aquatic populations and even the entire aquatic ecosystem. For example, it should have simple sunshade nets and other measures to cope with rare high-temperature sunshine conditions; it should have clean water source replenishment measures to cope with excessive evaporation in drought conditions; it should build isolation nets to prevent foreign organisms such as rodents and birds from interfering with the system, and to prevent unrelated personnel from accidentally falling into the water (not shown in the sunshade and isolation net schematics).

[0032] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating an outdoor pond ecosystem, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of simulated ponds, each of which is connected by a pipeline, wherein the plurality of simulated ponds comprises a regulating pond, a plurality of control groups and a plurality of treatment groups with different concentrations, wherein the plurality of control groups and treatment groups with different concentrations are randomly distributed in each pond by a lottery method or a random allocation method, and the regulating pond is a water transfer station for the inlet and outlet water of each control group and treatment group pond with different concentrations; the pond comprises a water tank body placed in a cement pit, a removable lining plate is provided at the bottom of the water tank body, and bottom mud is placed on the lining plate; the water tank body is made of an inert material; the main body of the water tank body is buried underground, and the upper edge is exposed 20-30 cm above the ground; when the water tank body is made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic pressure plate, during the construction of the water tank, the glass fiber reinforced plastic pressure plate is thermoformed and directly integrated with the water tank, or one end of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pressure plate is fixed to the top of the outer side of the pool wall with bolts and is perpendicular to the pool wall, and the other end of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pressure plate is fixedly connected to the cement pit structure; Each water tank body includes a water inlet pipeline, a return pipeline and a control valve. The water in the regulating pool is pumped by a centrifugal pump and connected to the water inlet pipeline of each water tank body. The return pipelines of each water tank body are connected. The water inlet pipeline and the return pipeline are both installed with control valves. It also includes a circuit system, which is used to supply power to lighting equipment and a centrifugal pump; the position of the regulating pool is lower than that of other ponds; and it also includes an isolation net, which is arranged on the outside of the pond.

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