A self-floating plate-shaped swing wave-breaking device

Abstract

The present invention provides a self-floating plate-shaped swinging wave-breaking device, comprising a wave-breaking body, an anchor chain and an anchor block. The wave-breaking body is suspended in the water, the lower end of the wave-breaking body is close to the anchor block and fixed to the anchor block by the anchor chain, and the upper end can be exposed above the water surface. The wave-breaking body is composed of a concrete body and a filler. The filler is arranged at the upper end of a side of the wave-breaking body away from the wave direction. When there is no wave action, the wave-breaking body tilts toward the wave direction. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The inclination angle of the wave-breaking body in the water is adjusted by adjusting the volume of the filler. The invention has a low cost and is relatively easy to construct. It can be used in waters for long-term use as well as in waters with a short service life and requiring wave breaking. It does not have high requirements on seabed geological conditions and does not require foundation treatment. It can be installed and put into use at any time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of breakwaters, and in particular relates to a self-floating plate-shaped swinging wave-breaking device. Background Art

[0002] Breakwater is a common port and coastal engineering structure used to defend against the invasion of waves on the port area and maintain the stability of the waters in the port to ensure the safe docking and mooring of ships in the port. The amount of materials used in traditional slope breakwaters is roughly proportional to the water depth, and the cost is high when the water depth is large. If the facing stones or artificial blocks on the slope are not heavy enough, they will roll down and be lost due to the action of waves and need to be repaired frequently. Traditional upright breakwaters have high requirements for the bearing capacity of the foundation, and uneven settlement can cause cracks in the embankment wall; if damage occurs after construction, it will be difficult to repair once it is destroyed. Floating breakwaters require a variety of technical equipment to meet the dissipation of the designed waves. Cables and anchors are easily damaged by waves. If the cables are damaged, the floating body will float freely, which will endanger ships, coasts and other offshore structures.

[0003] The application of inclined plate breakwaters in offshore waters will become more and more extensive. It not only inherits the advantages of traditional horizontal plate breakwaters, but also can adapt to changes in tidal levels, thereby improving the feasibility of the structure as a breakwater. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device, which can effectively achieve the functions of wave breaking and wave prevention.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0006] A self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device comprises a wave-breaking body, an anchor chain and an anchor block. The wave-breaking body is suspended in water, the lower end of the wave-breaking body is close to the anchor block and is fixed to the anchor block by the anchor chain, and the upper end can be exposed above the water surface. The wave-breaking body is composed of a concrete body and a filler. The filler is arranged at the upper end of a side of the wave-breaking body away from the direction of wave arrival. When there is no wave action, the wave-breaking body tilts toward the side of the wave arrival.

[0007] Furthermore, the wave dissipating body is a plate-like structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the filler is foam or air bag.

[0009] Furthermore, a cavity is provided on the side of the wave-breaking body away from the wave direction, the opening of the cavity is located at the upper end of the wave-breaking body and extends along the length direction of the wave-breaking body, and a filler is provided in the cavity. The wall of the cavity on the side of the wave-breaking body away from the wave direction is very thin, and the thickness is negligible compared with the thickness of the wave-breaking body.

[0010] Furthermore, the ridge at the lower end of the wave-breaking body and located on the side facing the wave is close to the anchor block, and the lower end of the wave-breaking body is fixed to the anchor block through multiple anchor chains along the width direction of the wave-breaking body.

[0011] Furthermore, the angle between the wave-breaking body and the seabed is 30°-60°.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchor block is a block cast with concrete.

[0013] Working principle:

[0014] During processing and manufacturing, the buoyancy ratio is adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the foam filled in the cavity to the concrete, so that the wave breakers are suspended in the water. The submerged length of the wave breakers is about 0.5-0.9 times the total length of the wave breakers. The bottom of the wave breakers is connected to the concrete anchor block through an anchor chain. The length of the wave breakers is adjusted according to the actual working conditions, so that the angle between the wave breakers and the seabed is between 30-60 degrees, and the breakwater stops horizontally at the bottom when it stops working.

[0015] The wave elimination principle is as follows:

[0016] (1) Disrupt the movement law of wave water particles and dissipate turbulent energy. Under the action of wave crest, water particles move downward along the wave breakers, which strengthens the movement of bottom water particles; under the action of wave trough, water particles move upward along the wave breakers; when the wave breakers do not flip back under the action of waves, the greater the angle between the wave breakers and the seabed, the more significant the turbulent energy dissipation effect;

[0017] (2) Reflection energy dissipation: the wave pushes the wave dissipator to move, generating a wave with an opposite phase that is transmitted back to the side of the incident wave;

[0018] (3) The wave energy is converted into mechanical energy, and the waves drive the wave-breaking body to move.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device described in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] The self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device described in the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The inclination angle of the wave-breaking body in the water is adjusted by adjusting the volume of the filler. It has a low cost, a simple structure, and is relatively easy to construct. It can be used in waters that are used for a long time as well as in waters that are used for a short period of time and require wave breaking. It does not have high requirements on seabed geological conditions, does not require foundation treatment, and can be installed and put into use at any time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention during an experiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wave dissipation body described in an embodiment of the present invention without any filler.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 1-wave dissipating body; 101-concrete body; 102-filler; 103-cavity; 2-anchor chain; 3-anchor block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device comprises a wave-breaking body 1, an anchor chain 2 and an anchor block 3. The wave-breaking body 1 is suspended in the water, the lower end of the wave-breaking body 1 is close to the anchor block 3 and is fixed to the anchor block 3 through the anchor chain 2, and the upper end can be exposed to the water surface. The wave-breaking body 1 is composed of a concrete body 101 and a filler 102. The filler 102 is arranged at the upper end of the side of the wave-breaking body 1 away from the wave direction. When there is no wave action, the wave-breaking body 1 tilts toward the wave direction. A wave-breaking body 1 of appropriate length is selected for prefabrication according to the height of the water level.

[0032] As mentioned above, the wave dissipating body 1 is a plate-like structure.

[0033] As mentioned above, the filler 102 is foam.

[0034] As described above, a cavity 103 is provided on the side of the wave-breaking body 1 away from the wave direction, the opening of the cavity 103 is located at the upper end of the wave-breaking body 1 and extends along the length direction of the wave-breaking body 1, and a filler 102 is provided in the cavity 103. After the foam is filled, the opening of the cavity 103 is sealed with concrete. The inclination angle of the wave-breaking body 1 in the water is adjusted by adjusting the volume of the foam in the cavity 103. The wall of the cavity 103 on the side of the wave-breaking body 1 away from the wave direction is very thin, and the thickness can be ignored compared with the thickness of the wave-breaking body 1.

[0035] As mentioned above, the lower end of the wave-breaking body 1 and the side of the wave-breaking body 1 are close to the anchor block 3, and the lower end of the wave-breaking body 1 is fixed to the anchor block 3 by multiple anchor chains 2 along the width direction of the wave-breaking body 1. The lower end of the wave-breaking body 1 is tightly pulled by the anchor chain 2 and contacts the anchor block 3, and the wave-breaking body 1 can only swing along the direction of the wave or the direction of the wave. Since the density of the side of the wave-breaking body 1 away from the direction of the wave is light, the wave-breaking body 1 will return to the side of the direction of the wave after the wave recedes.

[0036] As mentioned above, the angle between the wave-breaking body 1 and the seabed is 30° to 60°.

[0037] As mentioned above, the anchor block 3 is a block cast with concrete.

[0038] Working principle:

[0039] During processing and manufacturing, the buoyancy ratio is adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the foam and concrete filled in the cavity 103, so that the wave-breaking body 1 is suspended in the water, and the submerged length of the wave-breaking body 1 is about 0.5-0.9 times the total length of the wave-breaking body 1. The bottom of the wave-breaking body 1 is connected to the concrete anchor block 3 through the anchor chain 2. The length of the wave-breaking body 1 is adjusted according to the actual working conditions, so that the angle between the wave-breaking body 1 and the seabed is between 30-60 degrees, and the breakwater stops horizontally at the bottom when it stops working.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The difference from Example 1 is that the filler 102 is an air bag. The air bag is arranged in the cavity 103, the opening of the cavity 103 is blocked with concrete, and the inflation port is reserved, so that the volume of the gas in the air bag can be adjusted at any time. The density distribution of the wave dissipating body 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the volume of inflation, thereby adjusting the angle between the wave dissipating body 1 and the horizontal plane.

[0042] Experimental testing:

[0043] The water depth is d, the length of the wave-breaking body 1 is L1=2.0d~2.2d, the thickness of the wave-breaking body 1 is D1=0.1L1, the width of a single wave-breaking body 1 is set to 10m, the length of the cavity 103 is L2=1.60d~1.76d, the thickness D2 is 0.65D1, and the width is the same as the width of the wave-breaking body 1, because the thickness of the side wall of the cavity 103 is very thin compared to the thickness of the wave-breaking body 1 and can be ignored. The cavity 103 is filled with foam.

[0044] Test conditions:

[0045] The distances from the 1# and 2# anchor points where the anchor chain 2 and the wave-breaking body 1 are in contact are both L3=45 cm.

[0046] The dimensions of the wave dissipating body 1 are as follows: width 1.0 m, length L1 0.4 m, length L2 0.3 m, thickness D1 4.0 cm, thickness D2 2.6 cm, water depth 0.182 m, and test period 0.8 s.

[0047] The inclination angle of the wave dissipation body 1 is 60°. The inclination angle of the wave dissipation body 1 can be determined by adjusting the ratio of foam to concrete, so as to achieve different wave dissipation effects. It can be determined after testing in a model test before specific implementation.

[0048] Group Incident side wave height (1#) / cm Wave height behind the dike (2#) / cm Wave elimination rate 1 5.03 2.17 81.4％ 2 5.23 2.24 81.6％

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device, characterized in that: It includes a wave breaker, an anchor chain and an anchor block. The wave breaker is suspended in the water. The lower end of the wave breaker is close to the anchor block and fixed to the anchor block through the anchor chain. The upper end can be exposed to the water surface. The wave breaker is composed of a concrete body and a filler. The filler is arranged at the upper end of the side of the wave breaker away from the wave direction. When there is no wave action, the wave breaker tilts to the side of the wave direction. The wave dissipator is a plate-like structure; The filling material is foam or air bag; A cavity is arranged on the side of the wave-breaking body away from the wave direction, the opening of the cavity is located at the upper end of the wave-breaking body and extends along the length direction of the wave-breaking body, and a filler is arranged in the cavity; The wall of the cavity on the side of the wave-breaking body away from the wave coming direction is very thin, and its thickness can be ignored compared with the thickness of the wave-breaking body.

2. The self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ridge at the lower end of the wave-breaking body and located on the side facing the wave is close to the anchor block, and the lower end of the wave-breaking body is fixed to the anchor block through a plurality of anchor chains along the width direction of the wave-breaking body.

3. The self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The angle between the wave-breaking body and the seabed is 30°-60°.

4. The self-floating plate-shaped swaying wave-breaking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchor block is a block cast in concrete.

Images