Indexable turning inserts with integrated roughing and finishing design

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of turning tools, and discloses an indexable turning blade with an integrated design for roughing and finishing, the blade comprising an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of vertex angles, arc cutting edges being provided at the vertex angles, a roughing cutting edge and a finishing cutting edge being connected to the two ends of the arc cutting edge, respectively, a roughing chip groove being provided between the roughing cutting edge and the upper surface of the blade, a finishing chip groove being provided between the finishing cutting edge and the upper surface of the blade, a chip breaker being provided between the roughing chip groove and the finishing chip groove, the chip breaker being provided between the arc cutting edge and the upper surface, the roughing cutting edge and the finishing cutting edge coexisting between adjacent vertex angles, and the roughing cutting edge and the finishing cutting edge being connected via a transition surface. The present application creatively integrates the cutting edges for roughing and finishing on one blade, and one tool can be used to complete all turning processes when machining parts, and there is no need to change tools during machining, which is convenient to use and can effectively improve machining efficiency. In addition, there is no need to separately manufacture roughing tools and finishing tools, and the tool cost is significantly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of turning tools, in particular to an indexable turning insert designed as a whole for roughing and finishing. Background Art

[0002] Turning is generally divided into two processes: rough turning and finish turning. The main purpose of rough turning is to quickly cut off excess metal from the blank, thereby improving production efficiency. Therefore, rough turning generally uses a larger cutting depth and feed rate for processing; the main purpose of finish turning is to ensure the processing accuracy and surface quality required by the parts. Therefore, finish turning generally uses a smaller cutting depth and feed rate and a higher cutting speed for processing.

[0003] Currently, the blades used for turning on the market are usually single roughing blades or single finishing blades, but parts generally need to be rough-machined first and then changed for finishing to meet customer quality requirements. Therefore, completing the processing of a part often requires two or more processing and tool changing operations. The processing process is relatively cumbersome, with more processing steps and relatively low production efficiency.

[0004] The patent with announcement number CN104043847A discloses a metal cutting roughing and finishing blade, which has both a roughing blade and a finishing blade. There are many small grooves on the finishing blade. These small grooves have both cutting and chip separation functions. When cutting, the roughing blade first cuts off a large amount of roughing allowance, and the remaining finishing allowance is eaten up in sequence by many small blades arranged in two rows on the finishing blade in a front-to-back manner. Although this blade can complete the roughing and finishing tasks at one time, its roughing blade and finishing blade are on different edges, the number of finishing blades is limited and the loss is large, and the tool still needs to be replaced frequently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an indexable turning insert with integrated roughing and finishing design which does not require tool changing operation during the machining process.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A indexable turning insert with integrated roughing and finishing design, the insert comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of vertex angles, arc cutting edges are arranged at the vertex angles, a rough cutting edge and a finishing cutting edge are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc cutting edge, a rough turning chip groove is arranged between the rough cutting edge and the upper surface of the insert, a finishing chip groove is arranged between the finishing cutting edge and the upper surface of the insert, a chip breaker groove is arranged between the rough turning chip groove and the finishing chip groove, the chip breaker groove is located between the arc cutting edge and the upper surface, the rough cutting edge and the finishing cutting edge coexist between adjacent vertex angles and the rough cutting edge and the finishing cutting edge are connected via a transition surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the rough-turned chip groove includes a rough-turned first rake face, a rough-turned second rake face, a rough-turned chip groove bottom surface and a first connecting bevel connected in sequence, the rough-turned first rake face is connected to the rough cutting edge, and the first connecting bevel is connected to the upper surface of the blade.

[0009] Furthermore, an angle α formed by the rough-turned first rake face and the upper surface is 3° to 15°, and an angle β formed by the rough-turned second rake face and the upper surface is 15° to 25°.

[0010] Furthermore, the rough turning first rake face edge width L1 is 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the fine-turned chip groove includes a fine-turned first rake face, a fine-turned second rake face, a fine-turned chip groove bottom surface and a second connecting bevel connected in sequence, the fine-turned first rake face is connected to the fine cutting edge, and the second connecting bevel is connected to the upper surface of the blade.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle γ formed by the first rake face and the upper surface during fine turning is 5° to 18°, the angle θ formed by the second rake face and the upper surface during fine turning is 10° to 30°, and γ>α, θ>β.

[0013] Furthermore, the first rake face edge width L2 of the finishing turning is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, and L2 <L1。

[0014] Furthermore, the chip breaker groove comprises a first rake face of the arc cutting edge, a second rake face of the arc cutting edge, a first arc-shaped protrusion and a third connecting bevel arranged in sequence from the arc cutting edge to the upper surface of the blade along the bisector of the top angle.

[0015] Furthermore, the chip breaker groove further includes a second arc-shaped protrusion and a third arc-shaped protrusion symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertex angle bisector.

[0016] Furthermore, the arc radius R1 of the first arc-shaped protrusion, the second arc-shaped protrusion and the third arc-shaped protrusion is 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) This application creatively integrates the cutting edges for roughing and finishing on one blade. When machining parts, one tool can be used to complete all turning processes. There is no need to change tools during the machining process. It is convenient to use and can effectively improve the machining efficiency. In addition, there is no need to make rough turning tools and finishing tools separately, and the tool cost can be significantly reduced.

[0019] 2) The design of integrating the rough machining groove and the fine machining groove at both ends of the top angle not only ensures sufficient strength of the blade edge during rough machining, but also ensures the sharpness of the blade edge during fine machining, thus ensuring the tool life and machining effect;

[0020] 3) The first, second and third arc-shaped protrusions on the chip breaker groove enable the blade to curl and break the chips well during rough and fine machining, fully ensuring the surface finish of the machined parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of an indexable turning insert designed for integrated roughing and finishing in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 A front view of the indexable turning insert designed for integrated roughing and finishing as described in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the indexable turning insert designed for integrated roughing and finishing as described in Example 1 at the arc cutting edge;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Middle DD cross-section;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Middle GG cross-section;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Middle JJ cross-section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods, wherein the accompanying drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual drawings, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Provided is an indexable turning insert with integrated roughing and finishing design, the insert is a WN type insert with an 80° blade tip angle being a convex triangle, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the blade includes a positioning center hole 1, an upper surface 21, a lower surface 22, three side surfaces 3, three vertex angles A and an arc surface 4 connecting the side surfaces, and a cutting unit is provided at each vertex angle A. The cutting unit includes an arc cutting edge 51 arranged at the intersection of the vertex angle and the arc surface, a rough cutting edge 52 and a fine cutting edge 53 respectively connected to the two ends of the arc cutting edge, a rough turning chip groove 54 is provided between the rough cutting edge 52 and the upper surface 21 of the blade, a fine turning chip groove 55 is provided between the fine cutting edge 53 and the upper surface 21 of the blade, a chip breaker groove 56 is provided between the rough turning chip groove 54 and the fine turning chip groove 55, and the chip breaker groove 56 is located between the arc cutting edge 51 and the upper surface 21, the rough cutting edge and the fine cutting edge coexist between adjacent vertex angles, and the rough cutting edge 52 and the fine cutting edge 53 are connected by a transition surface 6.

[0030] The blade of this embodiment integrates the cutting edges for rough machining and fine machining. When machining parts, one tool can be used to complete the rough turning and fine turning processes, eliminating the operation of changing tools required for traditional turning. It is easy to use and can significantly improve machining efficiency.

[0031] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the rough-turned chip groove 54 includes a rough-turned first rake face 541, a rough-turned second rake face 542, a rough-turned chip groove bottom face 543 and a first connecting bevel 544 which are connected in sequence. The rough-turned first rake face 541 is connected to the rough cutting edge 52, and the first connecting bevel 544 is connected to the blade upper surface 21. Figure 4 As shown, the angle α formed by the rough-turned first rake face 541 and the upper surface 21 is 3° to 15°, and the angle β formed by the rough-turned second rake face 542 and the upper surface 21 is 15° to 25°.

[0032] Preferably, the angle α is 5° to 12°, and in this embodiment, α is 10°. The angle β is 15° to 20°, and in this embodiment, β is 18°.

[0033] The blade width L1 of the rough-turned first rake face 541 is 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm, preferably 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm. In this embodiment, L1 is specifically 0.4 mm.

[0034] The fine turning chip groove 55 includes a fine turning first rake face 551, a fine turning second rake face 552, a fine turning chip groove bottom face 553 and a second connecting inclined surface 554 which are connected in sequence. The fine turning first rake face 551 is connected to the fine cutting edge 53, and the second connecting inclined surface 554 is connected to the blade upper surface 21. Figure 5 As shown, the angle γ formed by the first rake face 551 and the upper surface 21 is 5° to 18°, the angle θ formed by the second rake face 552 and the upper surface 21 is 10° to 30°, and γ>α, θ>β.

[0035] Preferably, the angle γ is 7° to 15°, and it is taken as 15° in this embodiment. The angle θ is 15° to 25°, and θ is taken as 22° in this embodiment.

[0036] The width L2 of the fine turning first rake face 551 is 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. Preferably, L2 is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. At the same time, L2 needs to satisfy L2 < L1. In this embodiment, L2 is taken as 0.35 mm.

[0037] As Figure 3 shown, the chip breaker 56 includes a first rake face 561 of the circular arc cutting edge, a second rake face 562 of the circular arc cutting edge, a first arc-shaped convex part 563, and a third connecting inclined plane 564 arranged in sequence from the circular arc cutting edge to the upper surface of the blade along the angular bisector P of the apex angle. The first arc-shaped convex part 563 is located on the angular bisector P of the apex angle. The first rake face of the circular arc cutting edge is formed by smoothly connecting the fine turning first rake face to the rough turning first rake face, and the second rake face of the circular arc cutting edge is formed by smoothly connecting the fine turning second rake face to the rough turning second rake face.

[0038] The first arc-shaped convex part can make the blade play a good role in curling and breaking the chip during machining. To further ensure the timely separation of the chip from the part and fully guarantee the surface finish of the machined part, the chip breaker 56 is also symmetrically provided with a second arc-shaped convex part 565 and a third arc-shaped convex part 566 on both sides of the angular bisector of the apex angle. The second arc-shaped convex part mainly acts on the rough machining chip, and the third arc-shaped convex part mainly acts on the fine machining chip. The radiation areas of the second arc-shaped convex part and the third arc-shaped convex part can be the same or different, as long as the arc radii of their convex parts are equal.

[0039] Specifically, as Figure 6 shown, the arc radii R1 of the first arc-shaped convex part, the second arc-shaped convex part, and the third arc-shaped convex part are 1 mm to 5 mm. Generally, R1 is taken as 2 mm to 4 mm. In this embodiment, R1 is 3 mm.

[0040] The turning blade of this embodiment carefully designs the above parameters, so that the cutting edge has sufficient strength during rough machining and sharpness during fine machining, effectively ensuring the wear resistance and service life of the blade, and also improving the machining efficiency. In addition, the reasonable design of the chip breaker provides a reliable guarantee for the effective curling and breaking of the chip, fully ensuring the surface finish and dimensional accuracy of the machined part while performing high-efficiency turning.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indexable turning insert with integrated roughing and finishing design, the insert comprising an upper surface (21), a lower surface (22) and a plurality of vertex angles (A), wherein arc cutting edges (51) are provided at the vertex angles, and characterized in that: The two ends of the circular arc cutting edge (51) are respectively connected to a rough cutting edge (52) and a fine cutting edge (53); a rough turning chip groove (54) is provided between the rough cutting edge (52) and the upper surface (21) of the blade; a fine turning chip groove (55) is provided between the fine cutting edge (53) and the upper surface (21) of the blade; a chip breaker groove (56) is provided between the rough turning chip groove (54) and the fine turning chip groove (55); the chip breaker groove (56) is located between the circular arc cutting edge (51) and the upper surface (21); the rough cutting edge (52) and the fine cutting edge (53) coexist between adjacent vertex angles (A), and the rough cutting edge and the fine cutting edge are connected via a transition surface (6); The rough-turned chip groove (54) comprises a rough-turned first rake face (541), a rough-turned second rake face (542), a rough-turned chip groove bottom surface (543) and a first connecting inclined surface (544) which are connected in sequence; the rough-turned first rake face (541) is connected to the rough cutting edge (52), and the first connecting inclined surface (544) is connected to the blade upper surface (21); an angle α formed by the rough-turned first rake face (541) and the upper surface (21) is 3° to 15°, and an angle β formed by the rough-turned second rake face (542) and the upper surface (21) is 15° to 25°; The fine-turned chip groove (55) comprises a fine-turned first rake face (551), a fine-turned second rake face (552), a fine-turned chip groove bottom surface (553) and a second connecting inclined surface (554) which are connected in sequence, the fine-turned first rake face (551) is connected to the fine cutting edge (53), and the second connecting inclined surface (554) is connected to the blade upper surface (21); an angle γ formed by the fine-turned first rake face (551) and the upper surface (21) is 5° to 18°, an angle θ formed by the fine-turned second rake face (552) and the upper surface (21) is 10° to 30°, and γ>α, θ>β; The chip breaker groove (56) comprises a first front face (561) of an arc cutting edge, a second front face (562) of an arc cutting edge, a first arc-shaped protrusion (563) and a third connecting inclined surface (564) arranged in sequence from the arc cutting edge to the upper surface of the blade along the bisector of the top angle (P), and a second arc-shaped protrusion (565) and a third arc-shaped protrusion (566) arranged on both sides of the first arc-shaped protrusion (563).

2. The indexable turning insert with integrated roughing and finishing design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rake face (541) of the rough turning has a blade width L1 of 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm.

3. The indexable turning insert with integrated roughing and finishing design according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first rake face (551) of the finishing machine has a blade width L2 of 0.2mm to 0.5mm, and L2 <L1。 4. The indexable turning insert with integrated roughing and finishing design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc radii R1 of the first arc-shaped protrusion (563), the second arc-shaped protrusion (565) and the third arc-shaped protrusion (566) are 1 mm to 5 mm.

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